{"id":47973,"date":"2026-07-29T20:38:10","date_gmt":"2026-07-29T20:38:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/%e0%a4%aa%e0%a4%a6%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%ae%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%ad%e0%a4%b5\/"},"modified":"2026-07-29T20:38:38","modified_gmt":"2026-07-29T20:38:38","slug":"padmasambhava","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hi\/padmasambhava\/","title":{"rendered":"\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"47973\" class=\"elementor elementor-47973 elementor-3039\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52e9a7d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"52e9a7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56d75fc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"56d75fc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf05bfb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bf05bfb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26a6dac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"26a6dac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935, \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a21472 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a21472\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940-\u0926\u0930-\u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e<\/span> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0938 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930-\u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 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aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__411777f\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 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\/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5748d05 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5748d05\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11a7ae0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"11a7ae0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-882952f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"882952f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df1a168 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"df1a168\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0913\u0921\u094d\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928-\u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930-\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0928 (\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 755 \u0938\u0947 797 \u0924\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928) \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u0906\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e 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\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u093f\u0925\u093f \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 779 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 David Snellgrove \u0914\u0930 Hugh Richardson (&#8220;A Cultural History of Tibet&#8221;, London 1968) \u0907\u0938 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0932\u0902\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0925\u093e-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924, \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e \u0925\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u092f\u093f\u0917 (\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e-\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924) \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0947\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0925\u093e\u0902\u0917, &#8220;\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902&#8221; (\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928-\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0915\u094b\u0902 (\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0928) \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 14\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0913\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928 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data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0260798 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0260798\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0915\u092e\u0932-\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ebd706 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ebd706\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u0905\u092a\u093f\u0924\u0941 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\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u0917\u0924 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935; \u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928<\/span> \u0915\u094b \u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0947\u091c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u091c\u094b \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0915\u0940 &#8220;\u0905\u0932\u094c\u0915\u093f\u0915&#8221; \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u0940-\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 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data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0920 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0917\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928-\u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f-\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902: \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e \u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092a\u094b (\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u0940), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0932\u094b\u0926\u0947\u0928 \u091b\u094b\u0915\u0938\u0947 (\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u094d\u091e), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u092a\u0947\u092e\u093e \u091c\u0941\u0902\u0917\u0928\u0947 (\u0915\u092e\u0932-\u091c\u093e\u0924), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 (\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f-\u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0936\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 (\u0936\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939, \u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0941-\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0926\u094b\u0915 (\u0917\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939, \u0935\u093f\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0902), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093f\u092e\u093e \u0913\u091c\u093c\u0930 (\u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f-\u0915\u093f\u0930\u0923, \u0936\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0926\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u094b (\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0927\u093e\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0930, \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u092c\u093e\u0918\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0935\u093e\u0930)\u0964<\/p><p>\u092f\u0947 \u0906\u0920 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u094b\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0915\u0948\u0928\u0928<\/span> \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935-\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-708cb59 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"708cb59\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b7d36b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5b7d36b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0938\u093e\u0925\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0902<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2616577 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2616577\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a &#8220;\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928-\u0938\u093e\u0925\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902&#8221; (\u092f\u0941\u092e) \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u0947\u0936\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932, \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f\u093e \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0935\u093e, \u090f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0964 \u092f\u0947\u0936\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u0928\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0939\u0941\u090f\u0964<\/p><p>\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u0940 (&#8220;Lady of the Lotus-Born&#8221;) 17\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u0936\u094b\u0927-\u091c\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092f\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923\u0964<\/p><p>Janet Gyatso \u0928\u0947 &#8220;Women in Tibet&#8221; (Bloomington 2005) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u0947\u0926\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0920 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092f\u0947\u0936\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f50750 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1f50750\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fe3315 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4fe3315\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 (\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39a3df7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"39a3df7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0928\u0947 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u091b\u0941\u092a\u093e\u090f, \u091c\u094b \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092f\u0941\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0928 &#8220;\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902&#8221; (\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e) \u0915\u094b \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 (\u0924\u0947\u0930) \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915 (\u0917\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0924\u0947\u0930) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928 \u0917\u0941\u092b\u093e\u0913\u0902, \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902, \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u091c\u0932\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u0941\u092a\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928-\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0915\u094b\u0902 (\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0928) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 &#8220;\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924-\u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e&#8221; \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 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data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 &#8220;\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0902\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u093e&#8221; (\u0926\u094d\u091c\u093c\u094b\u0917\u091a\u0947\u0928) \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u092e\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 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data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093e \u092d\u0942\u091f\u093e\u0928, \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093f\u092e, \u0932\u0926\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0916 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092d\u0942\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094b \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0922\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0920 \u0924\u0915\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0917 (&#8220;\u092c\u093e\u0918 \u0915\u093e \u0918\u094b\u0902\u0938\u0932\u093e&#8221;) \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0918\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p><p>&#8220;\u0924\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924&#8221; (\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0926\u094b\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0930\u0940) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0906\u0920\u0935\u093e\u0901 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u094b\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092e\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092d \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0916\u093e\u0935\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e-\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-150951a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"150951a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb7dc95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bb7dc95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e-\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930-\u0935\u093f\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d8b2c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d8b2c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964 Robert Mayer \u0914\u0930 Cathy Cantwell \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 (&#8220;The Padmasambhava Cycle&#8221;, Oxford 2013) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935-\u092a\u0902\u0925 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0925\u0932-\u092a\u0941\u0925\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0918\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0928\u094d\u092f-\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/p><p>\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 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\u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f 9\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0932\u0941\u0902\u0917 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0918\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 &#8220;\u0905\u0902\u0927\u0915\u093e\u0930-\u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902&#8221; \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fba3c9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4fba3c9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca67a71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ca67a71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfcc19c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dfcc19c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924: Padma Thang Yig (Padma-Chronik), zugeschrieben Orgyen Lingpa; Pema Kathang; Bardo Th\u00f6dol (Tibetisches Totenbuch, das in seinem Kolophon auf Padmasambhava zur\u00fcckgef\u00fchrt wird); Vajrakilaya-Tantra.<\/p>\n<p>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f: David Snellgrove und Hugh Richardson, &#8220;A Cultural History of Tibet&#8221;, London 1968; David Snellgrove, &#8220;Indo-Tibetan Buddhism&#8221;, London 1987; Janet Gyatso, &#8220;Apparitions of the Self&#8221;, Princeton 1998; Cathy Cantwell und Robert Mayer, &#8220;The Padmasambhava Cycle&#8221;, Oxford 2013; Robert Buswell und Donald Lopez, &#8220;Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism&#8221;, Princeton 2014; Klaus-Josef Notz, &#8220;Buddhismus&#8221;, Stuttgart 2002.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f489c6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6f489c6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50de9c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"50de9c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \"\u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\"<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a016ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a016ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u092e\u0920, \u0932\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 50 \u0915\u093f\u0932\u094b\u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923-\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924, \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092e\u0920 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935, \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e 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data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0937\u0923-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fd23e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fd23e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u090f\u0901 (\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0917\u093e\u0917) \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 &#8220;\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e&#8221; (\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 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\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0937\u0923-\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>&#8220;\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e&#8221; (\u0926\u093e\u0917 \u0938\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0926), \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e-\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 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elementor-element-df6733e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"df6733e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u092c\u0940\u0938 &#8220;\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u094b\u0902&#8221;, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0903 \u0926\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948: &#8220;\u092c\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092f&#8221; (\u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f) \u0914\u0930 &#8220;\u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915&#8221; (\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u092a\u093e\u0920\u0940)\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0947\u0936\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932, \u0935\u0948\u0930\u094b\u091a\u0928, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0930, \u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092e\u093f \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0917\u093f \u092f\u0947\u0936\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u093e 8\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0914\u0930 9\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0924 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data-id=\"2d67f8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094b \u0925\u094b\u0926\u094b\u0932<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d615a27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d615a27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8220;\u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925&#8221; (\u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094b \u0925\u094b\u0926\u094b\u0932), \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0932\u094b\u092b\u094b\u0928 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0930\u091a\u092f\u093f\u0924\u093e 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\u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b544069 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b544069\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fcc070 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5fcc070\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0927\u093e\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u094b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8569b80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8569b80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 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elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"79206f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e \u092c\u0915\u093e' \u0925\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04fb02e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04fb02e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8220;\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e \u092c\u0915\u093e&#8217; \u0925\u093e\u0902\u0917&#8221; (\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u091a\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915) \u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u0947\u091c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 14\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0913\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u092a\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e (\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 108 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e, \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f, \u091a\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 Anne-Marie Blondeau \u0914\u0930 Matthew Kapstein \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0920-\u092a\u0930\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>\u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0924\u0947\u0902 11\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0947 12\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0924\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u091a\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930-\u0915\u0925\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 &#8220;\u092a\u0947\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0925\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u092f\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0938 \u091a\u093f\u0928\u092e\u093e&#8221; (\u0938\u093e\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f) \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u092a\u093e (14\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u0940) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u0948\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u0930\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u091c \u0924\u0915 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0920 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u0903 \u092d\u0942\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0938\u0947\u091b\u0941-\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5afb269 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5afb269\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a47ed18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a47ed18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0906\u0920 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcab2b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fcab2b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0920 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f-\u0930\u0942\u092a (\u0917\u0941 \u0930\u0941 \u092e\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926) \u0939\u0948\u0902: \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0924\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947 (\u0915\u092e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0947), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0936\u093e\u0915\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 (\u092d\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0941-\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 (\u0907\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092d\u0942\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0915\u0930 (\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u093e-\u091a\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0926\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u094b (\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0927\u093e\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0930), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093f\u092e\u093e \u0913\u091c\u093c\u0930 (\u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0906\u092d\u093e-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0926\u094b\u0915 (\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939-\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930) \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0932\u094b\u0926\u0947\u0928 \u091b\u094b\u0915\u0938\u0947 (\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928-\u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u0928)\u0964<\/p><p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u093e-\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0937\u094d\u091f-\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e 12\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0939\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930-\u092d\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f-\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0920 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0939\u0940\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 Roger Jackson \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935-\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941-\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0928 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c91bea2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c91bea2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b57c1c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b57c1c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092f\u0947\u0936\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939-\u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd743ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dd743ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092f\u0947\u0936\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932 (\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 757 \u0938\u0947 817), \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u091a\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f\u093e, \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0930\u0923-\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0940\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u094b \u091a\u091f\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902, \u091d\u0940\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e-\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u0941\u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p><p>Janet Gyatso (&#8220;Apparitions of the Self&#8221;, Princeton 1998) \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0947\u0936\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0928-\u092e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0947\u091c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u0940 &#8220;\u092e\u094d\u0916\u093e&#8217; &#8216;\u0917\u094d\u0930\u094b \u092f\u0947 \u0936\u0947\u0938 \u092e\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0936\u094b \u0930\u094d\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932 \u0917\u094d\u092f\u093f \u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0925\u0930&#8221; \u0924\u0915\u094d\u0936\u093e\u092e \u0928\u0941\u0926\u0947\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e-\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u0930\u0940-\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u0940-\u0924\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928-\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0915 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930; \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span> \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f-\u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d06cb12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d06cb12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c0f880 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c0f880\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53b9b83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53b9b83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u092e\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0947\u0936\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u0938\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u091b\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 &#8220;\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928-\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0915\u094b\u0902&#8221; (\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0928) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0917\u0940\u0964<\/p><p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0928\u0947 11\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u0947 20\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0924\u0915 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930-\u0935\u093f\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>Janet Gyatso \u0928\u0947 &#8220;Apparitions of the Self&#8221; \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b &#8220;\u092d\u0942-\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e&#8221; (\u0938 \u0917\u0924\u0947\u0930, \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u0947\u0902) \u0914\u0930 &#8220;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924<\/span>-\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e&#8221; (\u0926\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0917\u0924\u0947\u0930, \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928-\u092e\u0942\u0932\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0926\u094d\u0918\u093e\u091f\u0928) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u0915\u094d \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/p><p>\u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928-\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0932\u0949\u091c\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e-\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 Ronald Davidson (&#8220;Tibetan Renaissance&#8221;, New York 2005) \u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094b 11\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0932\u0941\u0902\u0917 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0918\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0906\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e00aa18 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e00aa18\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59e7d49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"59e7d49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094b-\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4394f85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4394f85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0902\u092d \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094b \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0964 &#8220;\u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094b \u0925\u094b\u0926\u094b\u0932&#8221; (\u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0923 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 &#8220;\u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925&#8221; \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924) \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 14\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u092a\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u093e\u0964<\/p><p>\u092f\u0939 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u091b\u0939 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094b-\u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>Bryan Cuevas (&#8220;The Hidden History of the Tibetan Book of the Dead&#8221;, Oxford 2003) \u0928\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925-\u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 Walter Y. Evans-Wentz (1927) \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0915 Kazi Dawa Samdup \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964<\/p><p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094b-\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0926\u0948\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-542e57d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"542e57d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02bd3e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"02bd3e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0928-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6707d89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6707d89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a &#8220;\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0928-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e&#8221; (\u0917\u0924\u0947\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0928 \u0930\u094d\u0917\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u094b \u0932\u094d\u0902\u0917\u093e) \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928-\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902: \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0930\u0947\u0932 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093f\u092e\u093e \u0913\u091c\u093c\u0930 (1124 \u0938\u0947 1192), \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u091b\u094b\u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917 (1212 \u0938\u0947 1270), \u0926\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u092a\u093e (1346 \u0938\u0947 1405), \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u092a\u093e (1450 \u0938\u0947 1521) \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u092e\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0916\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092a\u094b (1820 \u0938\u0947 1892)\u0964<\/p><p>\u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0939\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u093e-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u093e\u0964 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e-\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928-\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u092a\u093e, \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u092a\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0913\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0947\u0928 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917\u092a\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0928-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0924-\u0905\u0928\u0941\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0940-\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u0905\u092a\u093f\u0924\u0941 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935-\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d745c7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0d745c7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-957a0b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"957a0b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d276cda elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d276cda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0925\u0947?<\/strong> \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0948: \u090f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930-\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941, \u091c\u094b 8\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u0906\u090f\u0964 \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong> &#8220;\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928&#8221;, \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u092f\u093e \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0901, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0928\u0947 \u091b\u0941\u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928-\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0915\u094b\u0902 (\u0924\u0947\u0930\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0928) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u092e\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0942 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930-\u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930-\u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930; \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span> \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong> &#8220;\u0950 \u0906\u0903 \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0935\u091c\u094d\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0942\u0901&#8221; \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 &#8220;\u0950 \u0906\u0903 \u0939\u0942\u0901, \u0935\u091c\u094d\u0930-\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e, \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902, \u0939\u0942\u0901&#8221;\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941-\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u091c\u093e\u092a \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0906\u091c \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong> &#8220;\u0924\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924&#8221; (\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0926\u094b\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0930\u0940) \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u094b\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935-\u091c\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0915\u0917\u0923 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0936\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935, \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0938 \u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930-\u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0902\u0935 \u0930\u0916\u0940\u0964 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 (Padmasambhava, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d &#8220;\u0915\u092e\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928&#8221;), \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 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