{"id":47396,"date":"2026-07-29T19:11:01","date_gmt":"2026-07-29T19:11:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/%e0%a4%b6%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%b5%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%97%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%82\/"},"modified":"2026-07-29T19:11:26","modified_gmt":"2026-07-29T19:11:26","slug":"xi-wangmu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hi\/xi-wangmu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"47396\" class=\"elementor elementor-47396 elementor-3044\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9657ee0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9657ee0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78b1ecb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"78b1ecb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74a729d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"74a729d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da3cc37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"da3cc37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942, \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9043efc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9043efc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 (Xi Wangmu), \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 &#8220;\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e&#8221; \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0915\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091a\u092f\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0923-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e<\/span> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0941\u0928\u0932\u0941\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0928\u094c \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e-\u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928-\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948 &#8211; \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917-\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u092e, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927-\u092a\u0936\u0941 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0926\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0924\u0915\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d13aac5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d13aac5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fbc7a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"5fbc7a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u0926\u0947\u0935\/\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940: \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930-\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f-\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901, \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094d\u092f, \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u0928\u0928\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u091c\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f, \u092c\u0932\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930-\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\">\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940<\/span><a href=\"\/hi\/chin-devata\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940-\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0924\u093e, \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0915-\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e - \u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940, \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927, \u0915\u0928\u094d\u092b\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908\u0964\">\u091a\u0940\u0928<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-348dd89 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"348dd89\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54c4cf6 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"54c4cf6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;\\u0907\\u0938 \\u092a\\u0943\\u0937\\u094d\\u0920 \\u092a\\u0930 \\u0915\\u094b\\u0908 \\u0936\\u0940\\u0930\\u094d\\u0937\\u0915 \\u0928\\u0939\\u0940\\u0902 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8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f-\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__54c4cf6\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__54c4cf6\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__54c4cf6\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a95859 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5a95859\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08bc788 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"08bc788\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_china_xi-wangmu-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3214\" alt=\"Xi Wangmu - G\u00f6tter aus der China-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_china_xi-wangmu-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_china_xi-wangmu-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_china_xi-wangmu-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_china_xi-wangmu.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1f79af e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c1f79af\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29633cf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"29633cf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5895c46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5895c46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0939\u093e\u0908\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e617f0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e617f0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 &#8220;\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0939\u093e\u0908\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917&#8221; (&#8220;\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915&#8221;) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0924\u092e \u092a\u0930\u0924\u0947\u0902 \u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>&#8220;\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924&#8221; \u0916\u0902\u0921 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u0947\u091f\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948; \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0930-\u091c\u0940\u0935, \u0939\u093e\u0907\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0921\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0930-\u091c\u0940\u0935<\/span> \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 &#8211; \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f, \u0924\u0947\u0902\u0926\u0941\u090f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0901\u091b, \u092c\u093e\u0918 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u0901\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0916\u0930\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0932 &#8211; \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0926\u0902\u0921-\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094c\u092e\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948; \u0935\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0926\u093f\u092e \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f-\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0940 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 Edward Schafer \u0928\u0947 &#8220;The Divine Woman&#8221; (San Francisco 1973) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092e\u093e-\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0917\u092e\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u0902\u092d \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925-\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u092c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ca7262 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8ca7262\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e575668 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e575668\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6c2c7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d6c2c7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932 (206 \u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0947 220 \u0908\u0938\u0935\u0940) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u0935\u093f \u0906\u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u092d\u092f\u0902\u0915\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940-\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u0908\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0915\u0941\u0928\u0932\u0941\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0917\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0915\u0932\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0906\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u0917\u0924 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935; \u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928<\/span> \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u090f\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 (xian) \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u0908\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>&#8220;\u0939\u0941\u0906\u0928\u093e\u0928\u091c\u093c\u0940&#8221; (\u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935-\u0905\u092e\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0927\u0928\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0927\u0930 Hou Yi \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 Chang&#8217;e \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930-\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0916\u0917\u094b\u0932\u0940\u092f-\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940\u092f \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0917 \u0939\u0948 &#8220;\u092e\u0942 \u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u091d\u0941\u0906\u0928&#8221; (\u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u091d\u094b\u0909 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e Mu \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u093e\u0935\u094d\u092f-\u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0907\u0938 \u092d\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0920\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u0942\u0932\u094b\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 Stephen Bokenkamp (&#8220;Early Daoist Scriptures&#8221;, Berkeley 1997) \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0906\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0932\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e-\u0935\u0948\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938 \u0906\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-691b21f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"691b21f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96514c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96514c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d9a7f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8d9a7f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u092a\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913, \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942, \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0923-\u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0939\u0930 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902; \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930, \u091b\u0939 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094c \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 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class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c03cc6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c03cc6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0938\u094b\u0902\u0917-\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 &#8220;\u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0917&#8221; (\u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e) \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u0908\u0902\u0964 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e-\u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0926\u094b \u092e\u0942\u0932\u0924\u0903 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0941\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u094b\u0902, xian-\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0924 \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0932\u094b\u0915-\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 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data-id=\"5b0f263\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27c5721 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"27c5721\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092e\u093e-\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99476c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"99476c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092e\u093e-\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u090f\u0915 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elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"026d838\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0947 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u091c\u093e-\u0905\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930<\/span> \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u0903 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0914\u0930 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\u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0907\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942-\u092e\u093f\u0920\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u093e\u092f\u0941-\u0928\u0942\u0921\u0932 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0924\u093e\u0907\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0902\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091c\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0903 \u091a\u093e\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942-\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0909\u092a\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b1d2b5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6b1d2b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b78191 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0b78191\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e-\u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30d6afc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"30d6afc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0940 &#8220;\u0938\u0941\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e&#8221; \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e-\u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u091a\u0915 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0942\u0930\u0924\u092e \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0906\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0928\u091c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0917, \u0915\u091c\u093e\u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0908\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092f-\u091c\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u0908\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0947\u0936\u092e-\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908\u0964<\/p><p>Edward Schafer \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0908\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f-\u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u092a\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u0930\u0923-\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5b4585 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5b4585\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad0a352 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ad0a352\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58fef7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"58fef7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915-\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0926\u093e\u0913 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948; \u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span> \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u091b\u0920\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917-\u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u0908\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938-\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 Suzanne Cahill \u0928\u0947 &#8220;Transcendence and Divine Passion.<\/p><p>The Queen Mother of the West in Medieval China&#8221; (Stanford 1993) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930; \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0928\u094d\u092b\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928-\u0930\u0942\u092a \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0924\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0935\u0948\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c71eb24 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c71eb24\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6192592 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6192592\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e-\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f84b2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f84b2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Anne Birrell \u0914\u0930 Sarah Allan \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u092e, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f-\u091c\u093e\u0926\u0941\u0908 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930\u0940-\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f-\u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u092c \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092b\u0932 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>\u0935\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0917\u0930\u093f\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930-\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0928\u093f\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7da9250 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7da9250\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7e447a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a7e447a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a634e28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a634e28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924: Shanhaijing (&#8220;\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915&#8221;), &#8220;\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924&#8221; \u0916\u0902\u0921; Mu Tianzi Zhuan (\u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940); Huainanzi; \u0938\u093f\u091a\u0941\u0906\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u092c\u094d\u0930-\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0924-\u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a; \u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u091b\u0920\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925; Reise in den Westen (Xiyou Ji).<\/p>\n<p>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f: Edward Schafer, &#8220;The Divine Woman&#8221;, San Francisco 1973; Suzanne Cahill, &#8220;Transcendence and Divine Passion. The Queen Mother of the West in Medieval China&#8221;, Stanford 1993; Anne Birrell, &#8220;Chinese Mythology.<\/p><p>An Introduction&#8221;, Baltimore 1993; Stephen Bokenkamp, &#8220;Early Daoist Scriptures&#8221;, Berkeley 1997; Sarah Allan, &#8220;The Shape of the Turtle&#8221;, Albany 1991; Mark Lewis, &#8220;The Construction of Space in Early China&#8221;, Albany 2006.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b6047f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3b6047f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-515b864 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"515b864\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0915\u0941\u0928\u0932\u0941\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924: \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5fef03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d5fef03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0915\u0941\u0928\u0932\u0941\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924, \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0915\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091a\u092f\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0923-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e<\/span> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>\u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0903 \u0906\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0928\u091c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0928\u0932\u0941\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924-\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u092a\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935-\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937-\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0941-\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u092f\u093e \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0913\u0932\u0902\u092a\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>\u0939\u0941\u0906\u0928\u093e\u0928\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0916\u0930 \u092a\u0930 &#8220;\u0928\u093f\u0932\u0902\u092c\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928&#8221; (Xuanpu) \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0941\u0928\u0932\u0941\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 (Yellow River) \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p><p>Edward Schafer \u0928\u0947 &#8220;Pacing the Void&#8221; (Berkeley 1977) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921-\u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u0928\u0932\u0941\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940\u092f \u092d\u0942\u0917\u094b\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab463b5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ab463b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e74366 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3e74366\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0935-\u092a\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b \u0932\u094b\u092e\u0921\u093c\u0940<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5aaea46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5aaea46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925\u0940, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092e\u093e-\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 (sanzu wu) \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948; \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0903 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u094c\u0906 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>\u0928\u0935-\u092a\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b \u0932\u094b\u092e\u0921\u093c\u0940 (jiuwei hu) \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0928\u0902\u0926 \u0915\u093e <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u090f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948; \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915<\/span> \u0939\u0948; \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0906\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u0932\u094b\u092e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940, \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0938\u0940, \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u092d\u0940 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930-\u0916\u0930\u0917\u094b\u0936, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935-\u0905\u092e\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Chang&#8217;e \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0943\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u0930\u0940\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0936\u0941-\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u092c\u094d\u0930-\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0924-\u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83bf23e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"83bf23e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1861bdd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1861bdd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917-\u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5de5307 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5de5307\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 360 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915-\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0926\u093e\u0913 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948; \u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span> \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917-\u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 Yang Xi \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0939\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0926\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f-\u0935\u091a\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938-\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928, \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0930\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f-\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u094d\u0930-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>Suzanne Cahill \u0928\u0947 &#8220;Transcendence and Divine Passion&#8221; (Stanford 1993) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u0940\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u0940 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930; \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/span> \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0924\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e-\u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938-\u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u093e-\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32649c7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"32649c7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b9c39c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6b9c39c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab018e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ab018e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 (tao), \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0923-\u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928, \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 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elementor-element-7b8a308 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7b8a308\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092e\u0942-\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u091c\u093c\u0940-\u091d\u0941\u0906\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0947\u0902\u091f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45abd8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"45abd8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8220;\u092e\u0942 \u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u091d\u0941\u0906\u0928&#8221; (\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917-\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0916), \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u091d\u094b\u0909 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elementor-size-default\">\u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0924-\u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e-\u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aafbe47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"aafbe47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u092c\u094d\u0930-\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0924-\u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 (\u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0908\u0938\u0935\u0940) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 (san zu wu), \u0928\u0935-\u092a\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b \u0932\u094b\u092e\u0921\u093c\u0940 (jiu wei hu) \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935-\u0905\u092e\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930-\u0916\u0930\u0917\u094b\u0936 \u0905\u0902\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u092f\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925\u0940-\u092a\u0936\u0941 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092e\u093e-\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915-\u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 Suzanne Cahill (&#8220;Transcendence and Divine Passion: The Queen Mother of the West in Medieval China&#8221;, Stanford 1993) \u0928\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092e\u093e-\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0930\u093e\u0939\u0924-\u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0926\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902: \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u091a\u0941\u0906\u0928\u0964<\/p><p>Cangshan \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092c\u094d\u0930-\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u093f\u091a\u0941\u0906\u0928-\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0924-\u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940-\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u093f\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f-\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915-\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0932\u094c\u0915\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0925\u0940: \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0936\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ddcc500 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ddcc500\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-198facc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"198facc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0941\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u0947\u0907\u091d\u0941\u0906\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942-\u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9300987 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9300987\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942-\u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0915\u0932\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0906\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u0917\u0924 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935; \u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928<\/span>, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0932 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 3000 \u092f\u093e 9000 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0928-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a &#8220;\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0941\u0926\u0940 \u0928\u0947\u0907\u091d\u0941\u0906\u0928&#8221; (\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f \u0935\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0916, \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u091b\u0920\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0964<\/p><p>\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0928\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f Wu (\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932 141 \u0938\u0947 87 \u0908\u0938\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935) \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0924 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u092d\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/p><p>\u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f \u0928\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0920\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0916\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0909\u0917\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0917\u0947, \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0928\u0947 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0947 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0917\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092d\u0942\u0932\u094b\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0917 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e-\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u091a\u0915 \u0939\u0948 &#8211; \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 &#8220;\u0936\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0909 \u091c\u0940&#8221; (\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e, 16\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0915\u0932\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0906\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u0917\u0924 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935; \u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928<\/span> \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0920\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u092c Sun Wukong \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942-\u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0942\u091f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092c\u093e\u0917\u092c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab076aa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ab076aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-070a91a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"070a91a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917-\u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1004c74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1004c74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915-\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0926\u093e\u0913 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948; \u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926<\/span> \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917-\u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e (\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u091a\u094c\u0925\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0908\u0938\u0935\u0940) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0939\u094d\u092f-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u0908\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 &#8220;\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f-\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930&#8221; (Shangqing Jing), \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 Yang Xi (330 \u0938\u0947 386) \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0902\u0924-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0941\u0939\u094d\u092f \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0926\u0940\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>Isabelle Robinet (&#8220;M\u00e9ditation tao\u00efste&#8221;, Paris 1979) \u0914\u0930 Edward Schafer (&#8220;Mirages on the Sea of Time&#8221;, Berkeley 1985) \u0928\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917-\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928-\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u094b \u091a\u0941\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948 &#8211; \u0935\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u0905\u092e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0926\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa41cd2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aa41cd2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d92d15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d92d15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e41e4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8e41e4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0947 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935-\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0923<\/span> \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0932\u093f\u0924-\u0915\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942, \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u0921\u093c \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f-\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940-\u092d\u093e\u0937\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u091c\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0926\u093f\u0928-\u0909\u092a\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0932\u094b\u0915-\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u0915\u0940 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f-\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948; \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u0915\u0935\u091a\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0905\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f-\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0915<\/span> \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948: \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0924\u0932\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 (taomu jian) \u0926\u093e\u0928\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f-\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f Yijing-\u091f\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0915\u094b\u0936 (Shuowen Jiezi) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942-\u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u090f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948; \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915<\/span> \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eef0f8f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"eef0f8f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5aa7c6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5aa7c6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930-\u0916\u0930\u0917\u094b\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935-\u0905\u092e\u0943\u0924<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be3c720 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"be3c720\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930-\u0916\u0930\u0917\u094b\u0936 (Yutu) \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0913\u0916\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935-\u0905\u092e\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u0942\u091f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e \u0939\u093e\u0928-\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0924-\u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u093f\u092f\u0924\u0928\u093e\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>\u0916\u0930\u0917\u094b\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f-\u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0947\u0936\u092e-\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e<\/span> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p><p>\u0916\u0930\u0917\u094b\u0936 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0915-\u0915\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0908-\u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 Edward Schafer \u0928\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u0902\u0917-\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930-\u0916\u0930\u0917\u094b\u0936-\u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a-\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f-\u0936\u0930\u0926-\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0935 (Zhongqiu Jie) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930-\u0916\u0930\u0917\u094b\u0936 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092c\u093f\u0902\u092c-\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0932-\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0928\u0915\u0947\u0915-\u092a\u0948\u0915\u0947\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917-\u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95dbd08 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"95dbd08\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f7ec17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f7ec17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3e0453 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a3e0453\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong> &#8220;\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e&#8221;, \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0915\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091a\u092f\u0964\" tabindex=\"0\">\u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0923-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e<\/span> \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915\u0964 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e-\u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940-\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935-\u0926\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong> \u092a\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0939\u0930 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930, \u091b\u0939 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0928\u094c \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u090f\u0915 \u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u0939 xian, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924 \u0905\u092e\u0930 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong> \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u0928\u0932\u0941\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u0964 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0903 \u0906\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093f\u0928\u091c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0928\u0932\u0941\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u092a\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u0927\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935-\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937-\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u091c\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong> \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0915-\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 (\u0938\u094b\u0902\u0917-\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u0947) \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u091c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0926\u094b \u092e\u0942\u0932\u0924\u0903 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u0915 \u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0941\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942, \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 (Xi Wangmu), \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 &#8220;\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e&#8221; \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0923-\u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940-\u0926\u0947\u0935-\u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0941\u0928\u0932\u0941\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3214,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942","_yoast_wpseo_title":"\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942 - \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0942, \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e, \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0921\u093c\u0942-\u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0926\u093e\u0913\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940, \u0915\u0941\u0928\u0932\u0941\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0924 - \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0923 \u0914\u0930 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