{"id":195060,"date":"2026-09-07T09:38:28","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T09:38:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=195060"},"modified":"2026-09-07T09:41:15","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T09:41:15","slug":"ninhursag","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/ninhursag\/","title":{"rendered":"Ninhursag"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"195060\" class=\"elementor elementor-195060 elementor-3018 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b64a8c8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b64a8c8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1017cf e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f1017cf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b78047d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b78047d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-933a07a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"933a07a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ninhursag, deusa nai mesopot\u00e1mica<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9608cf7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9608cf7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ninhursag \u00e9 a deusa nai sum\u00e9ria e se\u00f1ora da terra, venerada como parteira dos deuses e dos seres humanos. Ninhursag \u00e9 unha antiga deusa nai mesopot\u00e1mica, unha das grandes divindades creadoras da relixi\u00f3n sum\u00e9ria e, despois de Anu, Enlil e Enki, a figura m\u00e1is importante da antiga orde divina sum\u00e9ria.<\/p><p>O seu nome significa \u00abSe\u00f1ora da Monta\u00f1a\u00bb, unha referencia ao seu arraigamento nas terras altas de Asia Occidental e \u00e1 s\u00faa relaci\u00f3n co pedra, o nacemento e a forza vital. En diferentes tradici\u00f3ns aparece tam\u00e9n con outros nomes, como Ninmah, Nintur ou Damgalnuna.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-141eebc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"141eebc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b41c2cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b41c2cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Deus \/ Deusa: Poder supremo personificado no pante\u00f3n dunha cultura, con \u00e1mbitos claros de competencia \u2014 forzas da natureza, destino, guerra, fertilidade. Venerado a trav\u00e9s de cultos, ofrendas e instituci\u00f3ns templarias.\">Deus<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/mesopotamia\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Berce da relixi\u00f3n documentada \u2014 Sumer, Acadia, Babilonia, Asiria (aprox. 3500 a.C. at\u00e9 330 a.C.).\">Mesopotamia<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dba4bc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8dba4bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5bac7c elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"e5bac7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Non se atoparon t\\u00edtulos nesta p\\u00e1xina.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u00cdndice\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e5bac7c\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e5bac7c\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__e5bac7c\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32726c0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"32726c0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff7e949 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ff7e949\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-196685\" alt=\"Ninhursag - Deuses da tradici\u00f3n mesopot\u00e1mica, ilustraci\u00f3n hist\u00f3rica\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc97a5e e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fc97a5e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbf9b2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fbf9b2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cff9d29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cff9d29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mito e orixe<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b59d7c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b59d7c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ninhursag pertence \u00e1 capa m\u00e1is antiga da relixi\u00f3n mesopot\u00e1mica. Xa no III milenio a. C. est\u00e1 documentada en inscrici\u00f3ns do per\u00edodo presarg\u00f3nico de Mesopotamia, sobre todo nas cidades-estado de Kish, Adab e Mari.<\/p><p>As s\u00faas ra\u00edces probablemente se atopan en concepci\u00f3ns m\u00edticas rurais, nas que a terra era entendida como poder xerador do que xurd\u00edan pedras, plantas e seres vivos. A relaci\u00f3n coas monta\u00f1as, consideradas fonte de pedras preciosas, madeira e metal, explica o seu ep\u00edteto \u00abSe\u00f1ora da Monta\u00f1a\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Na antiga teogon\u00eda sum\u00e9ria, Ninhursag aparece nalg\u00fans casos como irm\u00e1 ou esposa de Enlil, e en textos m\u00e1is recentes como esposa de Enki, o deus da sabedor\u00eda e das augas dulces. Esta posici\u00f3n familiar cambiante non sup\u00f3n unha contradici\u00f3n desde o punto de vista da historia das relixi\u00f3ns, sen\u00f3n que expresa a modularidade dos mitos mesopot\u00e1micos antigos, nos que cada <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un ser venerado como divino dentro dunha relixi\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">divindade<\/span> se tece segundo a necesidade en diferentes redes de relaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>Un testemu\u00f1o importante da s\u00faa veneraci\u00f3n \u00e9 o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un lugar sagrado dedicado \u00e1 veneraci\u00f3n dunha divindade.\" tabindex=\"0\">santuario<\/span> de Tell el-Obeid, cerca de Ur, constru\u00eddo no per\u00edodo din\u00e1stico arcaico. As inscrici\u00f3ns de Aanepada, un rei de Ur, n\u00f3mana como deusa principal do complexo.<\/p><p>Tam\u00e9n en Lagash ti\u00f1a un importante <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conxunto de actos de veneraci\u00f3n relixiosa dedicados a unha divindade ou figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culto<\/span>, e Gudea, o gobernante xa mencionado no artigo sobre Ninurta, louva a s\u00faa relaci\u00f3n con ela nas inscrici\u00f3ns das s\u00faas estatuas.<\/p>\n<p>O seu mito principal \u00e9 o relato \u00abEnki e Ninhursag\u00bb, un antigo texto sumerio que describe a illa de Dilmun (o actual Bahrain) como unha terra pura e paradis\u00edaca. Al\u00ed, Enki e Ninhursag crean o primeiro xard\u00edn e os primeiros seres vivos.<\/p><p>O relato pertence aos mitos de creaci\u00f3n mesopot\u00e1micos documentados m\u00e1is antigamente e desenvolve un universo teol\u00f3xico rico en imaxes, no que a auga, a terra e a semente entran nun xogo vivo de interacci\u00f3ns.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76c032e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"76c032e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a28c4f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a28c4f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u00edmbolos e atributos<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e44a5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e44a5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ninhursag \u00e9 representada na arte figurativa como unha deusa digna e sentada, a mi\u00fado cunha coroa de cornos e un longo vestido pregado. Nalg\u00fans relevos leva un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un signo que representa unha idea ou significado.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00edmbolo<\/span> do nacemento, o signo omega, interpretado como pelve feminina estilizada ou como corno de nacemento. Este signo aparece en pedras fronteirizas (kudurru) da \u00e9poca casita e en pegadas de selos paleobabil\u00f3nicos.<\/p>\n<p>Outro atributo \u00e9 a monta\u00f1a, que forma parte do seu propio nome. Nos relevos aparece a mi\u00fado sentada sobre unha monta\u00f1a estilizada, o que subli\u00f1a a s\u00faa funci\u00f3n como se\u00f1ora das fontes de altura, das pedras e dos metais.<\/p><p>O seu papel como se\u00f1ora da monta\u00f1a vinc\u00falaa cos espazos previos da civilizaci\u00f3n mesopot\u00e1mica, \u00e9 dicir, coas rexi\u00f3ns onde se extra\u00edan madeira, pedra e minerais.<\/p>\n<p>Os animais que se lle asocian pertencen aos s\u00edmbolos relacionados coa fertilidade. As ovellas e as cabras aparecen con frecuencia nas inscrici\u00f3ns dos templos como ofrendas para ela, xa que como deusa do nacemento pon tanto aos seres humanos como aos animais baixo a s\u00faa protecci\u00f3n.<\/p><p>Na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O estudo dos contidos das imaxes e do seu significado.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconograf\u00eda<\/span> mesopot\u00e1mica antiga tam\u00e9n aparece a mi\u00fado acompa\u00f1ada dun neno pequeno ou un beb\u00e9, unha referencia \u00e1 s\u00faa funci\u00f3n como padroa da axuda no parto.<\/p>\n<p>Unha tradici\u00f3n posterior represent\u00e1baa cun colar en forma de cunca, relacionado co peso do nacemento dos nenos. Este tipo de detalles iconogr\u00e1ficos conserv\u00e1ronse sobre todo nos textos de conxuro relacionados coa axuda no parto, que transmitiron o seu nome durante s\u00e9culos.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f4f0e2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f4f0e2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc5dd9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dc5dd9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Culto e veneraci\u00f3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-065eb31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"065eb31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>O culto principal de Ninhursag estend\u00edase por varias cidades-estado, con centros destacados en Adab, Kish, Tell el-Obeid e Lagash. Adab, un dos centros de culto m\u00e1is antigos, estaba estreitamente vinculado a ela, e os primeiros reis de Kish presum\u00edan de teren sido chamados por ela. O seu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un edificio dedicado \u00e1 veneraci\u00f3n dunha ou varias divindades.\" tabindex=\"0\">templo<\/span> en Adab, cuxo nome exacto \u00e9 incerto, era lugar de reuni\u00f3n para ritos de nacemento e cerimonias de curaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>En Lagash e Girsu, Ninhursag era venerada baixo a forma de Bau, unha deusa curadora fusionada con ela. As inscrici\u00f3ns de Gudea relatan ofrendas suntuosas e unha estatua que o gobernante dedicou \u00e1 deusa. No per\u00edodo paleobabil\u00f3nico seguiu sendo venerada en varias cidades-estado, moitas veces baixo os nomes de Ninmah ou Aruru.<\/p>\n<p>O seu papel nos ritos de nacemento est\u00e1 documentado por numerosos textos de conxuro. As mulleres invoc\u00e1bana durante as dores do parto, e as parteiras pronunciaban conxuros sobre o ventre da que estaba a dar a luz, nos que se ped\u00eda a Ninhursag que abrise o \u00fatero e permitise que o neno sa\u00edse a salvo. Estes textos est\u00e1n documentados at\u00e9 a \u00e9poca babil\u00f3nica tard\u00eda e subli\u00f1an a continuidade da s\u00faa veneraci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>No imperio neoasirio, a importancia de Ninhursag diminu\u00edu, o que est\u00e1 relacionado co maior peso concedido aos deuses imperiais masculinos Ashur e Ninurta. Non obstante, seguiu presente nos textos de curaci\u00f3n, e as variantes do seu nome aparecen en inscrici\u00f3ns at\u00e9 a \u00e9poca aquem\u00e9nida tard\u00eda.<\/p>\n<p>Unha continuidade tard\u00eda m\u00f3straa tam\u00e9n o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conxunto de actos de veneraci\u00f3n relixiosa dedicados a unha divindade ou figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culto<\/span> en Dilmun, o actual Bahrain. As excavaci\u00f3ns arqueol\u00f3xicas descubriron al\u00ed amplos complexos de templos, onde Ninhursag era venerada en relaci\u00f3n con Enki. Esta vinculaci\u00f3n expl\u00edcase polo <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relato transmitido sobre deuses, orixes e a orde do mundo.\" tabindex=\"0\">mito<\/span> \u00abEnki e Ninhursag\u00bb, que describe Dilmun como unha paisaxe orixinaria paradis\u00edaca.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c594aa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0c594aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d96a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d96a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mitos importantes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70981c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70981c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00abEnki e Ninhursag\u00bb \u00e9 o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relato transmitido sobre deuses, orixes e a orde do mundo.\" tabindex=\"0\">mito<\/span> central e un dos textos de creaci\u00f3n documentados m\u00e1is antigos. Comeza coa descrici\u00f3n de Dilmun como un lugar puro, sen m\u00e1cula de morte nin de enfermidade.<\/p><p>Enki leva auga doce \u00e1 illa e faina f\u00e9rtil. Nunha serie de xeraci\u00f3ns que se cruzan, xera con Ninhursag e as s\u00faas descendentes unha serie de fillas, o que leva a deusa a entrar en conflito con el.<\/p><p>Enki come ent\u00f3n oito plantas que Ninhursag cultivara no xard\u00edn e, por iso, \u00e9 maldito por ela e afectado por oito enfermidades en distintas partes do corpo. Finalmente, ela rec\u00f3nc\u00edliase con Enki e d\u00e1 a luz a unha deidade curadora por cada enfermidade. O relato \u00e9 un exemplo teol\u00f3xico da relaci\u00f3n entre creaci\u00f3n, culpa e curaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>Un segundo texto importante \u00e9 \u00abEnki e Ninmah\u00bb, no que ambos os deuses, nunha especie de competici\u00f3n creadora, forman aos seres humanos a partir de barro.<\/p><p>Ninmah forma primeiro persoas con discapacidade, para as que Enki atopa lugares dentro da orde social; despois Enki forma sete seres monstruosos que xa non se poden integrar. O relato cont\u00e9n unha profunda reflexi\u00f3n \u00e9tica sobre a responsabilidade do creador e os l\u00edmites da orde.<\/p>\n<p>Un terceiro relato aparece no \u00ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relato transmitido sobre deuses, orixes e a orde do mundo.\" tabindex=\"0\">mito<\/span> de Lugalbanda e o paxaro Anzu\u00bb, no que Ninhursag acompa\u00f1a ao heroe Lugalbanda e o axuda na s\u00faa tarefa. Aqu\u00ed a deusa aparece como unha forza protectora e consultiva, funci\u00f3n que asume en moitos relatos heroicos mesopot\u00e1micos.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-292129e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"292129e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d784928 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d784928\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Relaci\u00f3ns no pante\u00f3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cdacde elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8cdacde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ninhursag \u00e9 unha das catro divindades sumerias m\u00e1is elevadas, xunto con Anu, Enlil e Enki. Nos textos de creaci\u00f3n aparece como unha forza independente que, xunto con Enki, forma humanos e animais. Con Enki comparte a preocupaci\u00f3n pola fertilidade e a curaci\u00f3n, con Enlil a preocupaci\u00f3n pola orde e a xustiza, e con Anu a soberan\u00eda sobre os tempos primixenios.<\/p>\n<p>As s\u00faas fillas, nacidas no <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relato transmitido sobre deuses, orixes e a orde do mundo.\" tabindex=\"0\">mito<\/span> \u00abEnki e Ninhursag\u00bb, pertencen en parte a importantes deusas de culto doutras cidades-estado. Unha delas \u00e9 Ninkurra, a deusa da cantar\u00eda, outra \u00e9 Ninimma, co\u00f1ecedora da escritura. Esta xenealox\u00eda vincula a Ninhursag cos m\u00e1is diversos cultos artesanais e culturais de Mesopotamia.<\/p>\n<p>Con Bau e Gula comparte funci\u00f3ns curativas, con Inanna mant\u00e9n unha relaci\u00f3n de competencia, xa que Inanna, na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A doutrina cient\u00edfica sobre Deus e sobre a fe dunha relixi\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">teolox\u00eda<\/span> sumeria antiga, foi asumindo cada vez m\u00e1is a posici\u00f3n predominante entre as deusas. No <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Fusi\u00f3n de ideas ou divindades procedentes de diferentes tradici\u00f3ns relixiosas.\" tabindex=\"0\">sincretismo<\/span> helen\u00edstico-romano non entra en contacto directo con deusas gregas, porque a s\u00faa veneraci\u00f3n xa se apagara antes.<\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Con Damgalnuna, a esposa de Enki, Ninhursag compart\u00eda algunhas funci\u00f3ns no sur de Sumer, o que levou \u00e1 identificaci\u00f3n pouco frecuente, a\u00ednda que documentada, de Damgalnuna-Ninhursag en textos de Eridu. Wilfred G. Lambert interpretou esta fusi\u00f3n, nun artigo de 1992, como proba da pluralidade rexional dos nomes divinos sumerios.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>No <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conxunto de deuses dunha relixi\u00f3n ou cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">pante\u00f3n<\/span> acadio, Ninhursag aparece como Mami ou Mama, a creadora dos seres humanos no \u00c9pico de Atrahasis. Segundo as instruci\u00f3ns de Enki, mestura barro co sangue do deus sacrificado We-ila para formar sete parellas humanas. Esta escena de creaci\u00f3n \u00e9 o relato de creaci\u00f3n con barro m\u00e1is antigo da literatura mundial e ten numerosos sucesores nas relixi\u00f3ns sem\u00edticas.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-acebfa4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"acebfa4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b94b971 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b94b971\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recepci\u00f3n e influencia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfab884 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bfab884\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Co final da alta cultura mesopot\u00e1mica, o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conxunto das acci\u00f3ns de veneraci\u00f3n relixiosa cara a unha divindade ou figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culto<\/span> a Ninhursag esvaeceuse, pero os textos de curaci\u00f3n co seu nome seguiron copi\u00e1ndose e transmit\u00edndose no per\u00edodo babil\u00f3nico tard\u00edo e aquemenio.<\/p><p>No s\u00e9culo XIX, a deusa foi reconstru\u00edda grazas ao redescubrimento dos textos sumerios, sobre todo polos traballos de Samuel Noah Kramer, quen contribu\u00edu decisivamente a configurar a sumerolox\u00eda como disciplina cient\u00edfica.<\/p>\n<p>Na historia das relixi\u00f3ns moderna, Ninhursag \u00e9 un dos exemplos m\u00e1is citados de deusa nai altoorientais, e discutiuse a s\u00faa consideraci\u00f3n como ra\u00edz hist\u00f3rica de posteriores deusas mediterr\u00e1neas como Dem\u00e9ter, Cibele ou Isis. Hoxe esta tese ac\u00f3llese con moita cautela, xa que non se pode probar unha li\u00f1a xeneal\u00f3xica directa. Non obstante, a semellanza tipol\u00f3xica segue sendo un tema importante na historia das relixi\u00f3ns.<\/p>\n<p>Na recepci\u00f3n feminista dos s\u00e9culos XX e XXI, Ninhursag foi tomada como exemplo dunha <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un ser venerado como divino dentro dunha relixi\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">divindade<\/span> feminina poderosa e aut\u00f3noma das primeiras altas culturas.<\/p><p>Nos estudos sobre a historia do culto materno, sit\u00faase xunto a Ninlil, Inanna e Tiamat. Na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo colectivo para doutrinas que reclaman un co\u00f1ecemento oculto, accesible s\u00f3 aos iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoterismo<\/span> popular aparece baixo o nome de \u00abNai Terra Sumeria\u00bb, a\u00ednda que nestas adaptaci\u00f3ns adoita faltar a precisi\u00f3n cient\u00edfica.<\/p>\n<p>Na investigaci\u00f3n b\u00edblica moderna, a conexi\u00f3n coa costela de Eva recibiu moita atenci\u00f3n. A hip\u00f3tese de Kramer, segundo a cal o nacemento de Ninhursag a partir da costela de Enki serviu de modelo mot\u00edvico para Eva, foi discutida por te\u00f3logos como Claus Westermann no seu comentario ao X\u00e9nese e desenvolvida posteriormente por John Day.<\/p><p>A forma exacta da transmisi\u00f3n segue sendo unha cuesti\u00f3n aberta, pero hoxe hai consenso sobre a existencia de modelos mesopot\u00e1micos para motivos b\u00edblicos.<\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Outra li\u00f1a de influencia pasa pola Magna Mater helen\u00edstica. Xa Beroso relata que os exineos identificaban \u00e1 mesopot\u00e1mica Mami con Rea. Walter Burkert, en \u00abBabylon, Memphis, Persepolis\u00bb (2003), seguiu o rastro desta transmisi\u00f3n e postulou unha influencia indirecta sobre o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conxunto das acci\u00f3ns de veneraci\u00f3n relixiosa cara a unha divindade ou figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culto<\/span> a Cibele en Frixia.<\/span><\/p><p>Os pasos exactos de mediaci\u00f3n non est\u00e1n totalmente esclarecidos, pero na investigaci\u00f3n ac\u00e9ptase unha continuidade mot\u00edvica que vai de Ninhursag a trav\u00e9s de Mami at\u00e9 a Magna Mater.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd20727 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bd20727\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-161d541 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"161d541\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Interpretaci\u00f3n desde a ciencia da relixi\u00f3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2e68d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f2e68d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thorkild Jacobsen, en \u00abThe Treasures of Darkness\u00bb, interpretou a Ninhursag como exemplo dunha deusa ct\u00f3nica cuxa acci\u00f3n se refire ao nacemento, \u00e1 terra e \u00e1 pedra. Ve na s\u00faa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conxunto das narraci\u00f3ns divinas transmitidas dunha cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitolox\u00eda<\/span> un modelo arcaico de capas, no que a terra non se vive s\u00f3 como realidade xeogr\u00e1fica, sen\u00f3n como poder personificado.<\/p>\n<p>Jean Bott\u00e9ro subli\u00f1a a autonom\u00eda teol\u00f3xica da deusa e a s\u00faa funci\u00f3n como poder compensador fronte \u00e1s divindades creadoras masculinas. Walther Sallaberger reconstru\u00edu de forma exhaustiva o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conxunto das acci\u00f3ns de veneraci\u00f3n relixiosa cara a unha divindade ou figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culto<\/span> a Ninhursag no seu estudo sobre o calendario da III Dinast\u00eda de Ur, e mostrou que a deusa desempe\u00f1aba un papel central nas grandes festas estatais.<\/p>\n<p>Stefan Maul e Andrew George editaron os textos de curaci\u00f3n que levan o seu nome. Destes textos ded\u00facese que Ninhursag era unha das poucas divindades mesopot\u00e1micas cuxa axuda se pod\u00eda solicitar en situaci\u00f3ns vitais moi diversas: no parto, na enfermidade, na sementeira e na construci\u00f3n de templos.<\/p><p>Stephanie Dalley e Wilfred Lambert ins\u00edrena na tradici\u00f3n literaria na que aparece como compa\u00f1eira imprescindible de Enki en varios relatos da creaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27822d0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"27822d0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f13d646 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f13d646\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Himno de Kesh e teolox\u00eda do templo<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf9684e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf9684e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>O himno do templo de Kesh \u00e9 un dos textos sumerios m\u00e1is antigos que se conservan e consid\u00e9rase, \u00e1 vez, un dos primeiros textos relixiosos da literatura universal. Fragmentos que remontan \u00e1 \u00e9poca da III Dinast\u00eda de Ur (s\u00e9culo XXI a.C.) transmit\u00edronse a trav\u00e9s de bibliotecas de escribas posteriores en Nippur, Sippar e Ur.<\/p><p>O texto celebra o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un edificio destinado \u00e1 veneraci\u00f3n dunha ou varias divindades.\" tabindex=\"0\">templo<\/span> da cidade de Kesh e \u00e1 s\u00faa deusa Ninhursag en 134 li\u00f1as e oito estrofas, cada unha das cales remata coa f\u00f3rmula \u00abQuen viu xamais tal cousa, quen viu xamais tal cousa?\u00bb.<\/p><p>Esta repetici\u00f3n d\u00e1 ao himno unha estrutura case meditativa. O texto atrib\u00faese tradicionalmente \u00e1 sacerdotisa poeta Enheduanna, filla de Sarg\u00f3n de Acad, a\u00ednda que os fragmentos m\u00e1is antigos son anteriores e proceden probablemente dunha tradici\u00f3n oral de varios s\u00e9culos.<\/p>\n<p>No contido, o himno subli\u00f1a a funci\u00f3n de Ninhursag como axudante no nacemento dos deuses e dos reis. \u00c9 a \u00abNai das Pedras\u00bb e a \u00abGardi\u00e1 da Veia Vital\u00bb, tal como se di nas li\u00f1as 12 a 17.<\/p><p>Esta dobre referencia \u00e1 xeolox\u00eda e \u00e1 biolox\u00eda \u00e9 un rasgo constitutivo da <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A doutrina cient\u00edfica sobre Deus e a fe dunha relixi\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">teolox\u00eda<\/span> de Ninhursag e difer\u00e9nciaa doutras deusas nai de Mesopotamia. O propio <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un edificio destinado \u00e1 veneraci\u00f3n dunha ou varias divindades.\" tabindex=\"0\">templo<\/span> de Kesh permaneceu moito tempo sen localizar na investigaci\u00f3n arqueol\u00f3xica; s\u00f3 desde as escavaci\u00f3ns alem\u00e1s en Tell al-Wilayah resulta plausible a s\u00faa identificaci\u00f3n coa construci\u00f3n de templo al\u00ed atopada.<\/p>\n<p>Robert D. Biggs e Jane M. Cohen presentaron unha edici\u00f3n detallada con traduci\u00f3n e comentario. Mostran que o himno ten un parentesco estil\u00edstico cos 42 himnos de templo de Enheduanna, co\u00f1ecidos baixo o t\u00edtulo colectivo \u00abSumerian Temple Hymns\u00bb.<\/p><p>A secci\u00f3n 7 desta colecci\u00f3n est\u00e1 dedicada ao <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un edificio destinado \u00e1 veneraci\u00f3n dunha ou varias divindades.\" tabindex=\"0\">templo<\/span> de Ninhursag en Adab e ch\u00e1maa \u00abNai de t\u00f3dolos fillos\u00bb, o que evidencia a difusi\u00f3n mesopot\u00e1mica do culto.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14fb2a6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"14fb2a6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a16307d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a16307d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Episodio de Dilmun e Enki<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14ad7c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14ad7c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>O longo <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relato transmitido sobre deuses, orixes e a orde do mundo.\" tabindex=\"0\">mito<\/span> sumerio \u00abEnki e Ninhursag\u00bb \u00e9 unha das fontes m\u00e1is ricas para a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A doutrina cient\u00edfica sobre Deus e a fe dunha relixi\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">teolox\u00eda<\/span> destes dous deuses. O texto, editado por Pascal Attinger en 1984 en \u00abL Hymne \u00e0 Nungal\u00bb, narra a terra paradis\u00edaca de Dilmun, probablemente a actual illa de Bahrain.<\/span><\/p><p>En Dilmun non existe a enfermidade, nin a vellez, nin a morte. Enki, o deus da auga doce, s\u00e9ntese atra\u00eddo pola deusa da terra Ninhursag. Da s\u00faa uni\u00f3n nace unha filla, Ninnisig, e das sucesivas uni\u00f3ns desta con Enki nacen en total tres xeraci\u00f3ns de fillas. Finalmente Enki come oito plantas que xorden das semes de Ninhursag e cae gravemente enfermo.<\/p>\n<p>Ninhursag cura a Enki dando a luz a oito divindades curadoras a partir das partes do corpo enfermas de Enki. Cada unha destas deusas est\u00e1 vinculada a unha parte concreta do corpo, o que constit\u00fae unha forma temper\u00e1 de correspondencia m\u00e9dica entre deuses e \u00f3rganos. Unha destas deusas curadoras \u00e9 Ninti, cujo nome significa \u00abse\u00f1ora da costela\u00bb ou \u00abse\u00f1ora da vida\u00bb.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Este episodio foi interpretado por Samuel Noah Kramer en \u00abHistory Begins at Sumer\u00bb (1956) como posible modelo do relato b\u00edblico de Eva, xa que o xogo de palabras \u00abcostela \/ vida\u00bb tam\u00e9n resoa en hebreo. Esta conexi\u00f3n \u00e9 hoxe obxecto de debate, pero ac\u00e9ptase como eco tem\u00e1tico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>O episodio de Dilmun tam\u00e9n \u00e9 relevante na historia das relixi\u00f3ns porque trata a idea dunha terra orixinaria paradis\u00edaca na que non existen a enfermidade nin a morte. Esta noci\u00f3n deixou pegadas m\u00e1is al\u00e1 de Mesopotamia nas tradici\u00f3ns paradis\u00edacas zoro\u00e1stricas e b\u00edblicas, como amosan Thorkild Jacobsen en \u00abThe Treasures of Darkness\u00bb e Jean Bott\u00e9ro en \u00abLa plus vieille religion\u00bb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c22d47b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c22d47b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ef26a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ef26a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nacemento, curaci\u00f3n e teolox\u00eda real<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06d52b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"06d52b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ninhursag era venerada como a deusa do nacemento e da curaci\u00f3n. Varios reis mesopot\u00e1micos cham\u00e1banse a si mesmos \u00abfillo de Ninhursag\u00bb, entre eles Eannatum de Lagash e Mesannepada de Ur. A Estela dos Voitres de Eannatum, datada arredor do 2450 a. C., mostra o rei nunha escena composta na que Ninhursag o amamanta no seu peito.<\/p><p>Esta f\u00f3rmula iconogr\u00e1fica da adopci\u00f3n divina mant\u00edvose constante durante m\u00e1is de dous milenios e a\u00ednda aparece en relevos neoasirios.<\/p>\n<p>Na arte curativa, Ninhursag desempe\u00f1a un papel central como Belet-ili, a \u00abse\u00f1ora dos deuses\u00bb. A colecci\u00f3n de conxuros mesopot\u00e1mica da t\u00e1boa BAM 234 cont\u00e9n oraci\u00f3ns a Ninhursag para casos de complicaci\u00f3ns graves no parto.<\/p><p>Tam\u00e9n nos Manuais Diagn\u00f3sticos, compilados baixo Esagil-kin-apli no s\u00e9culo XI a. C., aparece como a deusa competente para as febres e as feridas. Stefan Maul documentou extensamente nos seus estudos sobre a medicina de Mesopotamia a funci\u00f3n de Ninhursag como referencia en problemas de parto.<\/p>\n<p>A teolox\u00eda real mesopot\u00e1mica vinculaba estreitamente o nacemento lex\u00edtimo dun gobernante con Ninhursag. As inscrici\u00f3ns construtivas de Naram-Sin de Acad denom\u00ednano \u00abaquel a quen Ninhursag deu o peito\u00bb. Unha estatua de Naram-Sin mostra ao rei con unha coroa de cornos de touro, que na linguaxe visual da \u00e9poca expresa o estatus divino do monarca.<\/p><p>Esta reivindicaci\u00f3n de divindade era posterior \u00e1 simple relaci\u00f3n de filiaci\u00f3n coa deusa, pero compart\u00eda o mesmo fundamento teol\u00f3xico. A prohibici\u00f3n da uni\u00f3n entre humanos e deuses s\u00f3 aparece no per\u00edodo paleobabil\u00f3nico, cando Hammurabi se define xa s\u00f3 como posto no trono por Anu e Enlil, e xa non como fillo destes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d6fb32 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6d6fb32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30ce78a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"30ce78a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fontes e bibliograf\u00eda complementaria<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-beb342f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"beb342f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>Fontes da <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9poca da cultura grega e romana, aproximadamente do 800 a. C. ao 600 d. C.\" tabindex=\"0\">Antig\u00fcidade<\/span>: \u00abEnki e Ninhursag\u00bb, \u00abEnki e Ninmah\u00bb, textos de conxuros e textos de axuda ao parto de Nippur e Sippar, inscrici\u00f3ns das estatuas de Gudea, himnos a Aruru e Ninmah, inscrici\u00f3ns de Tell el-Obeid.<\/p>\n<ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Jean Bott\u00e9ro, \u00abLa religion babylonienne\u00bb, Par\u00eds 1952.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Samuel Noah Kramer, \u00abThe Sumerians\u00bb, Chicago 1963.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>M\u00e1is obras de referencia na <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/literatura\/\">Bibliograf\u00eda<\/a>.<\/span><\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3252,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Ninhursag","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ninhursag \u2013 deusa nai sum\u00e9ria | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Ninhursag \u00e9 a deusa nai sum\u00e9ria, creadora dos seres humanos xunto con Enki, se\u00f1ora das monta\u00f1as. Mitos Enki e Ninhursag, relato de Dilmun e culto.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-195060","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ninhursag \u2013 deusa nai sum\u00e9ria | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ninhursag \u00e9 a deusa nai sum\u00e9ria, creadora dos seres humanos xunto con Enki, se\u00f1ora das monta\u00f1as. 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