{"id":194947,"date":"2026-09-07T09:38:08","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T09:38:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=194947"},"modified":"2026-09-07T09:41:15","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T09:41:15","slug":"hebat-alta-deusa-hurrita","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/hebat-alta-deusa-hurrita\/","title":{"rendered":"Hebat \u2013 Alta Deusa Hurrita"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"194947\" class=\"elementor elementor-194947 elementor-2619 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hebat, Alta Deusa Hurrita e esposa de Teshub<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat \u00e9 a suprema <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un ser venerado como divino dentro dunha relixi\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">divindade<\/span> feminina do pante\u00f3n hurrita e esposa do deus da tormenta <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/teshub-deus-hurrita-tormenta\/\">Teshub<\/a>. No pante\u00f3n imperial hitita foi identificada coa <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/arinna-deusa-do-sol\/\">Deusa do Sol de Arinna<\/a> e considerada deusa protectora real. A ra\u00ed\u00f1a Pudu\u1e2bepa, ela mesma sacerdotisa de Hebat, converteuna en deusa do imperio.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Deusa da tradici\u00f3n hitita.\">Deusa<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/hetita-anatolica-tarhunna-deuses-proteccion\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mitolox\u00eda da tradici\u00f3n hitita.\">Hitita<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Alta divindade.\">Alta divindade<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Non se atoparon t\\u00edtulos nesta p\\u00e1xina.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u00cdndice\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-hebat-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-hebat-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-hebat-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hethitisch_hebat-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-196803\" alt=\"Hebat - Deuses da tradici\u00f3n hetita, ilustraci\u00f3n hist\u00f3rica\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hethitisch_hebat-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hethitisch_hebat-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hethitisch_hebat-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hethitisch_hebat.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Achega e perfil breve<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat (escrita tam\u00e9n como \u1e2aebat, Hepat ou \u1e2aepatu) \u00e9 a m\u00e1is alta <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un ser venerado como divino dentro dunha relixi\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">divindade<\/span> feminina do pante\u00f3n hurrita. Volkert Haas mostrou en <em>Geschichte der hethitischen Religion<\/em> (1994) que orixinariamente foi deusa titular de Alepo e que, ao longo do II milenio a.C., ascendeu a deusa imperial hurrita-siria.<\/p><p>Na relixi\u00f3n imperial hitita, desde o s\u00e9culo XIV a.C., \u00e9 o polo feminino da divindade imperial.<\/p><p>Desde o punto de vista hist\u00f3rico-relixioso \u00e9 unha deusa protectora real, garante da dinast\u00eda e da orde dos tratados. A ra\u00ed\u00f1a Pudu\u1e2bepa, esposa de \u1e2aattu\u0161ili III, foi orixinariamente sacerdotisa de Hebat en Kizzuwatna; converteu o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conxunto das pr\u00e1cticas de veneraci\u00f3n relixiosa dirixidas a unha divindade ou figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culto<\/span> a Hebat no culto oficial de protecci\u00f3n real.<\/p><p>Trevor Bryce describiu con detalle esta configuraci\u00f3n pol\u00edtico-relixiosa en <em>Life and Society in the Hittite World<\/em> (2002). Esta \u00abhurritizaci\u00f3n\u00bb do pante\u00f3n hitita no s\u00e9culo XIII a.C. \u00e9 un dos procesos hist\u00f3rico-relixiosos mellor documentados da Idade do Bronce Final no Pr\u00f3ximo Oriente antigo.<\/p><p>A funci\u00f3n de Hebat abrangue a protecci\u00f3n real, a protecci\u00f3n do embarazo, a curaci\u00f3n e a orde familiar. \u00c9 o centro teol\u00f3xico dunha tr\u00edade familiar hurrita xunto con <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/teshub-deus-hurrita-tormenta\/\">Teshub<\/a> e <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/sarruma-deus-da-montana-protector-real\/\">Sarruma<\/a>. Dentro da <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/hetita-anatolica-tarhunna-deuses-proteccion\/\">tradici\u00f3n hitita<\/a> ocupa as\u00ed unha posici\u00f3n comparable \u00e1 de <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/arinna-deusa-do-sol\/\">Arinna<\/a>, coa que foi identificada oficialmente; a fusi\u00f3n teol\u00f3xica de d\u00faas altas deusas femininas \u00e9 un proceso notable.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nome e etimolox\u00eda<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>O nome Hebat \u00e9 sirio-amorreo e prehurrita. A s\u00faa etimolox\u00eda non est\u00e1 definitivamente asentada; unha interpretaci\u00f3n plausible relaci\u00f3nao co sem\u00edtico <em>\u1e2bbb<\/em> &#8216;amar&#8217; ou co hurrita <em>\u1e2bib-<\/em> &#8216;fresco, xove&#8217;. Nos textos cuneiformes aparece como <em>\u1e2ae-pa-at<\/em>, <em>\u1e2ae-bat<\/em>, e ocasionalmente de forma logogr\u00e1fica como DGA\u0160AN (&#8216;Se\u00f1ora&#8217;).<\/p><p>En acadio identif\u00edcase con I\u0161tar, en hitita coa <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/arinna-deusa-do-sol\/\">Deusa do Sol de Arinna<\/a>.<\/p><p>Esta identificaci\u00f3n m\u00faltiple t\u00e9mase explicitamente na famosa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dirixirse dun ser humano a unha divindade a trav\u00e9s da linguaxe.\" tabindex=\"0\">oraci\u00f3n<\/span> de Pudu\u1e2bepa: &#8216;En \u1e2aatti d\u00e9chaste o nome de Deusa do Sol de Arinna; na terra que creaches como terra do cedro, d\u00e9chaste o nome de Hebat.&#8217; Itamar Singer comentou con detalle esta pasaxe en <em>Hittite Prayers<\/em> (2002).<\/p><p>No sem\u00edtico occidental o nome aparece como \u1e2aebat en Ugarit e como \u1e2aipat en nomes de persoa amorreos; a deusa estivo, pois, moi difundida e venerada en territorios extensos.<\/p><p>Piotr Taracha documentou con detalle esta difusi\u00f3n en <em>Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia<\/em> (2009). En Mari aparece como \u1e2aebat en listas de deuses do s\u00e9culo XVIII a.C.; en Alala\u1e2b e Nuzi (s\u00e9culo XV) est\u00e1 documentada como importante deusa do pante\u00f3n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Descrici\u00f3n e iconograf\u00eda<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat aparece como deusa entronizada ou en marcha, cun longo vestido de pregas, unha alta coroa polos e un disco solar como atributo. Na c\u00e1mara A de Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya ocupa o centro da procesi\u00f3n de deusas, fronte a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/teshub-deus-hurrita-tormenta\/\">Teshub<\/a>, de p\u00e9 sobre un leopardo ou un monte. Ao seu lado est\u00e1 o seu fillo <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/sarruma-deus-da-montana-protector-real\/\">Sarruma<\/a>, tam\u00e9n sobre un leopardo.<\/p><p>O seu animal sagrado \u00e9 o leopardo ou pantera, e nalgunhas representaci\u00f3ns tam\u00e9n o le\u00f3n. Esta iconograf\u00eda animal relaci\u00f3naa coas antigas deusas nais sirias e dist\u00edngueo da I\u0161tar mesopot\u00e1mica, cuxo animal \u00e9 o le\u00f3n. Volkert Haas describiu con detalle esta tradici\u00f3n iconogr\u00e1fica en <em>Materia Magica et Medica Hethitica<\/em> (2003).<\/p><p>En Karkami\u0161 e outros lugares hititas tard\u00edos, Hebat aparece en relevos como ra\u00ed\u00f1a entronizada; a s\u00faa iconograf\u00eda converteuse na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9poca prehist\u00f3rica posterior \u00e1 Idade do Bronce, marcada polo traballo do ferro.\" tabindex=\"0\">Idade do Ferro<\/span> nunha tradici\u00f3n pict\u00f3rica sirio-anat\u00f3lica supraregional. Nos selos reais de \u1e2aattu\u0161a aparece con frecuencia cos seus animais como protectora da ra\u00ed\u00f1a. As figuri\u00f1as de bronce dunha deusa entronizada con coroa polos procedentes de \u1e2aattu\u0161a e \u0160amu\u1e2ba identif\u00edcanse xeralmente con Hebat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Relatos mitol\u00f3xicos<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat aparece en segundo plano nos grandes mitos do ciclo de Kumarbi; no &#8216;Canto de Ullikummi&#8217; (CTH 345) \u00e9 a nai preocupada que quere p\u00f3r a salvo o seu fillo <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/sarruma-deus-da-montana-protector-real\/\">Sarruma<\/a>, cando o xigante de pedra ameaza con conquistar o ceo. A s\u00faa intervenci\u00f3n emocional contrasta coa actividade heroica de Teshub.<\/p><p>No <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Unha secuencia regrada de acci\u00f3ns simb\u00f3licas con significado relixioso ou cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span>&#8211;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relato transmitido sobre deuses, orixes e a orde do mundo.\" tabindex=\"0\">mito<\/span> do &#8216;Deus do Sol Desaparecido&#8217; (CTH 323) aparece como deusa curadora e apaciguadora, en paralelo con Kamru\u0161epa e a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/arinna-deusa-do-sol\/\">Deusa do Sol<\/a>. O seu papel m\u00edtico \u00e9, en xeral, menos heroico que consultivo, protector e ordenador.<\/p><p>Nun <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relato transmitido sobre deuses, orixes e a orde do mundo.\" tabindex=\"0\">mito<\/span> hurrita fragmentario, o &#8216;Canto da Liberaci\u00f3n&#8217; (CTH 789), aparece como mediadora entre Teshub e os habitantes de Ebla.<\/p><p>Na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A direcci\u00f3n ling\u00fc\u00edstica do ser humano a unha divindade.\" tabindex=\"0\">oraci\u00f3n<\/span> de Pudu\u1e2bepa (CTH 384) aparece como deusa protectora persoal da ra\u00ed\u00f1a, cuxa voz se dirixe directamente \u00e1 deusa e lle pide a curaci\u00f3n do rei con argumentaci\u00f3n teol\u00f3xica.<\/p><p>Itamar Singer traduciu e comentou esta <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A direcci\u00f3n ling\u00fc\u00edstica do ser humano a unha divindade.\" tabindex=\"0\">oraci\u00f3n<\/span> en <em>Hittite Prayers<\/em> (2002); tr\u00e1tase dun dos textos literaria e teoloxicamente m\u00e1is destacados da relixi\u00f3n hitita. A ra\u00ed\u00f1a fala \u00e1 deusa como a unha patroa de confianza e apela ao pasado sacerdotal com\u00fan en Kizzuwatna.<\/p><p>Nos textos festivos hurritas, Hebat aparece ademais acompa\u00f1ada das s\u00faas fillas Allanzu e Kunzi\u0161alli, consideradas deusas protectoras da ra\u00ed\u00f1a. Executan danzas rituais e entregan a Hebat ofrendas das mans da ra\u00ed\u00f1a.<\/p><p>Estes cantos festivos, escritos en lingua hurrita, contan entre os testemu\u00f1os ling\u00fc\u00edsticos m\u00e1is importantes do hurrita en xeral, e foron publicados na edici\u00f3n de Volkert Haas e Ilse Wegner. Tam\u00e9n nos &#8216;Cantos da Liberaci\u00f3n&#8217; (CTH 789), unha colecci\u00f3n narrativa biling\u00fce hurrita-hitita, Hebat aparece como esposa de Teshub e nai de Sarruma nun papel consultivo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Culto e veneraci\u00f3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>O culto principal de Hebat centr\u00e1base en Kizzuwatna, unha rexi\u00f3n de impronta hurrita no sueste de Anatolia (hoxe a chaira de \u00c7ukurova). O seu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un lugar sagrado dedicado \u00e1 veneraci\u00f3n dunha divindade.\" tabindex=\"0\">santuario<\/span> m\u00e1is importante estaba na cidade de Kummanni (probablemente a actual Comana Cappadociae, preto de \u015ear). Ademais, era venerada en Alepo, en \u0160amu\u1e2ba e en numerosos lugares menores.<\/p><p>No culto imperial hetita acadou unha posici\u00f3n central grazas a Pudu\u1e2bepa. A ra\u00ed\u00f1a Pudu\u1e2bepa importou rituais hurritas, sacerdotes hurritas e obxectos de culto hurritas a \u1e2aattu\u0161a e estableceu un culto oficial a Hebat no m\u00e1is alto nivel do imperio. Itamar Singer e Volkert Haas estudaron en detalle este proceso de hurritizaci\u00f3n do pante\u00f3n hetita no s\u00e9culo XIII a. C.<\/p><p>A festa m\u00e1is importante dedicada a Hebat era o ritual de purificaci\u00f3n <em>itkalzi<\/em> e a grande festa da primavera. A organizaci\u00f3n sacerdotal inclu\u00eda sacerdotes hurritas (<em>kaluti<\/em>), cantoras e bailarinas.<\/p><p>Hebat era tam\u00e9n deusa protectora das embarazadas; a s\u00faa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O acto de dirixirse a unha divindade ou poder cunha s\u00faplica ou invocaci\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocaci\u00f3n<\/span> nos rituais de parto est\u00e1 ben documentada. Nos rituais de xuramento hurritas <em>itkahi<\/em>, o seu nome era invocado xunto co do seu esposo Teshub e co do seu fillo Sarruma, formando a tr\u00edade divina.<\/p><p>Hebat desempe\u00f1ou un papel cultual especial nos estados-cidade neohetitas tard\u00edos de Karkami\u0161, Mara\u015f e Alepo durante a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9poca prehist\u00f3rica posterior \u00e1 Idade do Bronce, caracterizada polo traballo do ferro.\" tabindex=\"0\">Idade do Ferro<\/span>. Inscrici\u00f3ns reais en xerogl\u00edfico luvita dos s\u00e9culos X e IX a. C. mencionan a Hebat como deusa protectora real e garante de xuramentos. A continuidade da relixi\u00f3n hurrita nestes estados-cidade \u00abneohetitas\u00bb constit\u00fae unha testemu\u00f1a clave da persistencia hist\u00f3rico-relixiosa das tradici\u00f3ns anatolias antigas m\u00e1is al\u00e1 do final da Idade do Bronce.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pr\u00e1ctica protectora e elementos apotropaicos<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat era deusa protectora da ra\u00ed\u00f1a, da muller embarazada, da familia e da dinast\u00eda. Nos rituais de gravidez era invocada xunto coas &#8216;deusas do destino&#8217; (Gul\u0161e\u0161) e coa deusa nai hatita \u1e2aanna\u1e2banna.<\/p><p>Volkert Haas editou en <em>Materia Magica et Medica Hethitica<\/em> (2003) numerosos rituais de parto nos que Hebat aparece como se\u00f1ora protectora. Nos partos dif\u00edciles, nas doenzas infant\u00eds e na esterilidade ped\u00edaselle axuda.<\/p><p>De xeito <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Que afasta o mal: relativo a signos e obxectos destinados a manter afastadas influencias dani\u00f1as.\" tabindex=\"0\">apotropaico<\/span>, coloc\u00e1banse estatu\u00ed\u00f1as de Hebat nas casas; nos rituais de xuramento hurritas invoc\u00e1base o seu nome xunto co do seu esposo Teshub. A cerimonia de xuramento <em>itkahi<\/em> un\u00eda o seu nome co de Teshub e Sarruma nunha tr\u00edade divina. Nos selos reais de Tud\u1e2baliya IV e de Pudu\u1e2bepa, a tr\u00edade hurrita aparece como figura protectora sobre o nome real.<\/p><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">Desde unha perspectiva cient\u00edfica, a funci\u00f3n protectora de Hebat est\u00e1 fortemente ligada \u00e1 familia e \u00e1 dinast\u00eda; non \u00e9 primariamente unha deusa protectora individual, a\u00ednda que en contextos de parto e curaci\u00f3n tam\u00e9n era invocada de xeito privado. iWell Guard considera a Hebat unha figura hist\u00f3rico-cultural e renuncia a calquera referencia moderna de promesa curativa.<\/p><p>Nos textos de conxuro hitita da &#8216;Muller Vella&#8217;, Hebat \u00e9 invocada frecuentemente como &#8216;a ra\u00ed\u00f1a&#8217;, a mi\u00fado en relaci\u00f3n coa \u0160au\u0161ga de \u0160amu\u1e2ba e a Deusa do Sol da Terra. Esta tr\u00edade de divindades femininas constit\u00fae o eixo do ritualismo protector feminino hurrita-hitita.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralelismos noutras culturas<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat est\u00e1 estreitamente relacionada coa acadia I\u0161tar e coa noroccidental semita A\u0161tarte; na s\u00faa funci\u00f3n de deusa protectora real asemella \u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/arinna-deusa-do-sol\/\">Deusa Solar de Arinna<\/a>. No <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conxunto dos deuses dunha relixi\u00f3n ou cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">pante\u00f3n<\/span> ugar\u00edtico corresp\u00f3ndelle Athirat (A\u0161erah), a esposa de El, coa que comparte a funci\u00f3n de deusa nai.<\/p><p>Desde a perspectiva da historia das relixi\u00f3ns, Hebat \u00e9 un exemplo da tradici\u00f3n mediterr\u00e1nea da gran deusa da <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9poca prehist\u00f3rica na que o bronce era o metal m\u00e1is importante para os utensilios.\" tabindex=\"0\">Idade do Bronce<\/span>, que na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9poca prehist\u00f3rica posterior \u00e1 Idade do Bronce, marcada polo traballo do ferro.\" tabindex=\"0\">Idade do Ferro<\/span> se diferenciou en numerosas deusas locais. Tam\u00e9n no <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/fenicios-cartago-baal-tanit\/\">pante\u00f3n fenicio<\/a> hai deusas de funci\u00f3n semellante, como <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/tanit-deusa-suprema-cartago\/\">Tanit<\/a> e <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/astarte-deusa-fenicia\/\">Astart\u00e9<\/a>, a\u00ednda que en configuraci\u00f3ns mitol\u00f3xicas claramente distintas.<\/p><p>A grega Hera, esposa de Zeus, presenta paralelismos con Hebat na s\u00faa funci\u00f3n de deusa real; con todo, non se pode demostrar unha dependencia hist\u00f3rica directa.<\/p><p>Mary Bachvarova sinalou en <em>From Hittite to Homer<\/em> (2016) coincidencias estruturais, sen postular unha li\u00f1axe xeneal\u00f3xica. Na relixi\u00f3n cartaxinesa posterior, con <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/tanit-deusa-suprema-cartago\/\">Tanit<\/a>, contin\u00faa este tipo de deusa imperial feminina no Mediterr\u00e1neo occidental.<\/p><p>O entrelazamento de Hebat con deusas nais anatolias locais como \u1e2aanna\u1e2banna e coas deusas urbanas hattitas \u00e9 obxecto de investigaci\u00f3ns recentes de Petra Goedegebuure e Magdalena Kape\u0142u\u015b, que estudaron en detalle as organizaci\u00f3ns sacerdotais en Sapinuwa e Ku\u0161\u0161ara.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recepci\u00f3n actual e investigaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A investigaci\u00f3n sobre Hebat est\u00e1 hoxe ben desenvolvida; existen contribuci\u00f3ns importantes de Volkert Haas, Itamar Singer, Piotr Taracha e Gary Beckman. A edici\u00f3n de Singer da oraci\u00f3n de Pudu\u1e2bepa \u00e9 referencia est\u00e1ndar. Bachvarova recolleu en <em>From Hittite to Homer<\/em> (2016) os paralelismos gregos. A investigaci\u00f3n arqueol\u00f3xica actual en sitios hitita-tard\u00edos de Karkami\u0161, Mara\u015f e Alepo ampl\u00eda a imaxe do culto a Hebat na Idade do Ferro.<\/p><p>Na Turqu\u00eda moderna, Hebat apenas ten recepci\u00f3n popular; no debate acad\u00e9mico \u00e9 un exemplo importante da relixi\u00f3n hurrita e da tradici\u00f3n da deusa protectora real do Bronce Tard\u00edo. Falta unha revitalizaci\u00f3n espiritual de tipo neopag\u00e1n; a relixi\u00f3n hurrita \u00e9 demasiado allea e mitoloxicamente demasiado complexa para as formas de devoci\u00f3n modernas.<\/p><p>Cientificamente consid\u00e9rase hoxe un obxecto de estudo central para a din\u00e1mica relixiosa hurrita-hitita. O iWell Guard rex\u00edstraa como figura hist\u00f3rica e non como destinataria actual de protecci\u00f3n. Os focos de investigaci\u00f3n actuais centran a identificaci\u00f3n precisa da s\u00faa cidade, Kummanni, a relaci\u00f3n coa tradici\u00f3n das &#8220;deusas do destino&#8221; e o estudo comparativo das grandes deusas femininas no Pr\u00f3ximo Oriente.<\/p><p>Unha cuesti\u00f3n de investigaci\u00f3n particular \u00e9 a identificaci\u00f3n de Hebat coa posterior <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/tanit-deusa-suprema-cartago\/\">Tanit<\/a> cartaxinesa ou coa grega Hera. O debate na historia das relixi\u00f3ns, con Corinne Bonnet e outros, mostra que tales identificaci\u00f3ns s\u00f3 son sostibles funcionalmente, non xenealoxicamente.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliograf\u00eda e fontes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A seguinte selecci\u00f3n re\u00fane as obras de referencia m\u00e1is importantes sobre a investigaci\u00f3n de Hebat. Incl\u00fae edici\u00f3ns, traduci\u00f3ns e s\u00ednteses hist\u00f3ricas que abren o material para un estudo en profundidade.<\/p><p><em>Hittite Prayers<\/em> de Itamar Singer \u00e9 a primeira porta de entrada como colecci\u00f3n de fontes primarias; a <em>Geschichte<\/em> de Volkert Haas ofrece a contextualizaci\u00f3n; a obra de Bachvarova, a perspectiva comparativa. Quen queira achegarse aos textos festivos hurritas atopar\u00e1 en Volkert Haas e Ilse Wegner as edici\u00f3ns m\u00e1is importantes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp28f4ae1b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp28f4ae1b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2c562894 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2c562894\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hebat no culto estatal hitita e o corredor de relevos de Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp274b510d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp274b510d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2f929e3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2f929e3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A proba m\u00e1is impresionante da posici\u00f3n da deusa <em>Hebat<\/em> no imperio hetita \u00e9 o santuario rupestre de Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya, preto da capital Hattu\u0161a, na actual Anatolia central.<\/p><p>Nunha c\u00e1mara rochosa aberta, d\u00faas procesi\u00f3ns de deuses avanzan unha cara \u00e1 outra nun longo <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Unha representaci\u00f3n en relevo, esculpida sobre unha superficie.\" tabindex=\"0\">relevo<\/span>. No punto central at\u00f3panse o deus da tormenta <em>Te\u0161\u0161ub<\/em> e, fronte a el, Hebat, de p\u00e9 sobre unha pantera ou un le\u00f3n, coa figura do seu fillo <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/sarruma-deus-da-montana-protector-real\/\">\u0160arruma<\/a> detr\u00e1s dela.<\/p><p>Estes relevos adoitan datarse na segunda metade do s\u00e9culo XIII a. C., na \u00e9poca do rei Tudhalija IV e do seu c\u00edrculo. Amosan que Hebat non era unha figura secundaria no pante\u00f3n imperial do per\u00edodo hetita tard\u00edo, sen\u00f3n que ocupaba un lugar central como esposa do deus supremo da tormenta.<\/p><p>Isto resulta a\u00ednda m\u00e1is notable se se ten en conta que Hebat non era orixinariamente unha deusa hetita, sen\u00f3n hurrita, cuxo <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conxunto das pr\u00e1cticas de veneraci\u00f3n relixiosa dedicadas a unha divindade ou figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culto<\/span> proced\u00eda sobre todo da rexi\u00f3n do norte de Siria, especialmente de Alepo.<\/p><p>O seu ascenso d\u00e9bese en parte \u00e1 ra\u00ed\u00f1a Puduhepa, esposa de Hattu\u0161ili III. Puduhepa proced\u00eda dunha familia sacerdotal da cidade sur-anatolia de Lawazantija e promoveu os cultos hurritas. Nas s\u00faas oraci\u00f3ns, identifica a deusa solar hetita de Arinna con Hebat, un caso cl\u00e1sico de fusi\u00f3n teol\u00f3xica que amosa como as alianzas matrimoniais pol\u00edticas transformaban o mundo divino. Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya foi obxecto de estudo desde o s\u00e9culo XIX, e entre os traballos de interpretaci\u00f3n m\u00e1is relevantes destacan os de Kurt Bittel e, m\u00e1is tarde, os de Volkert Haas.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2736ce44 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2736ce44\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2e1e3122 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2e1e3122\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hebat nos textos rituais e a linguaxe das oraci\u00f3ns hurritas<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2f3750bc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2f3750bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp20f9a8e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp20f9a8e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u00e1is al\u00e1 da obra escult\u00f3rica, Hebat est\u00e1 atestada en numerosos textos cuneiformes dos arquivos de Hattu\u0161a. As t\u00e1boas de barro foron recuperadas desde as escavaci\u00f3ns alem\u00e1s iniciadas en 1906 baixo a direcci\u00f3n de Hugo Winckler e publ\u00edcanse en series editoriais como as <em>Keilschrifturkunden aus Boghazk\u00f6i<\/em>.<\/p><p>Hebat aparece en rituais festivos, en listas de ofrendas e en oraci\u00f3ns, a mi\u00fado nunha secuencia fixa xunto a Te\u0161\u0161ub e \u0160arruma como unha especie de familia divina.<\/p><p>\u00c9 ling\u00fcisticamente interesante que moitos destes textos conte\u00f1an pasaxes hurritas, alg\u00fans himnos hurritas completos, transcritos en escritura cuneiforme hetita. O hurrita \u00e9 unha lingua illada cuxa gram\u00e1tica s\u00f3 se foi descifrando paulatinamente no s\u00e9culo XX, grazas principalmente aos traballos de Emmanuel Laroche e, m\u00e1is tarde, de Ilse Wegner e Gernot Wilhelm.<\/p><p>O propio nome de Hebat, na graf\u00eda hetita xeralmente <em>\u1e2aepat<\/em>, pertence a esta capa hurrita; os intentos de interpretalo, por exemplo como relaci\u00f3n con un nome de lugar, seguen sendo incertos.<\/p><p>Os textos rituais mostran ademais que Hebat non era s\u00f3 venerada teoloxicamente, sen\u00f3n que estaba integrada de forma pr\u00e1ctica no calendario festivo. Nas grandes festas do reino recib\u00eda os seus propios <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ofrenda a unha divindade para expresar gratitude, petici\u00f3n ou veneraci\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">sacrificios<\/span>, a s\u00faa estatua era trasladada e ofrec\u00edanselle alimentos e bebidas. Esta sobria burocracia ritual resulta m\u00e1is valiosa para a investigaci\u00f3n que calquera <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relato transmitido sobre deuses, orixes e a orde do mundo.\" tabindex=\"0\">mito<\/span> narrativo, xa que mostra como unha deusa orixinariamente estranxeira se arraigou organizativa e financeiramente no estado hetita.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliograf\u00eda (selecci\u00f3n)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li>Volkert Haas: <em>Geschichte der hethitischen Religion<\/em> (Leiden 1994)<\/li><li>Itamar Singer: <em>Hittite Prayers<\/em> (SBL 2002)<\/li><li>Piotr Taracha: <em>Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia<\/em> (Wiesbaden 2009)<\/li><li>Gary Beckman: <em>Hittite Myths<\/em> (SBL 1998)<\/li><li>Volkert Haas: <em>Materia Magica et Medica Hethitica<\/em> (Berlin 2003)<\/li><li>Trevor Bryce: <em>Life and Society in the Hittite World<\/em> (Oxford 2002)<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hebat e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hebat\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hebat-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hebat-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>As <em>fontes<\/em> escritas sobre Hebat abarcan desde t\u00e1boas rituais hurritas at\u00e9 tratados de estado hetitas, nos que \u00e9 invocada como deusa suprema xunto a Teshub como garante dos xuramentos reais.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Termos clave relacionados: Hebat Hurritas Deusa suprema Pudu\u1e2bepa Kizzuwatna Kummanni Deusa do sol.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-hebat\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard e tradici\u00f3ns de protecci\u00f3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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