{"id":194634,"date":"2026-09-07T09:37:08","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T09:37:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=194634"},"modified":"2026-09-07T09:41:15","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T09:41:15","slug":"yamaduta","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/","title":{"rendered":"Yamad\u016bta"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"194634\" class=\"elementor elementor-194634 elementor-1209\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yamaduta, esp\u00edrito da tradici\u00f3n budista<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Os mensaxeiros da morte de Yama, executores de xu\u00edzos k\u00e1rmicos.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dif-yamaduta\">Yamadutas no sistema Naraka<\/h2>\n<p>Os yamadutas son os <strong>mensaxeiros da morte de Yama<\/strong>, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n v\u00e9dica, hind\u00fa e budista.<\/p><p>No Garuda Purana e no sistema Naraka do Mahabharata, recollen a alma inmediatamente despois do <strong>momento da morte<\/strong>. As s\u00faas funci\u00f3ns incl\u00faen: a identificaci\u00f3n da alma, a separaci\u00f3n dos v\u00ednculos vitais, a escolta a trav\u00e9s do <strong>r\u00edo Vaitarani<\/strong> e a entrega no tribunal de Yama en <strong>Yamapuri<\/strong>. Al\u00ed, o escriba <strong>Citragupta<\/strong> pesa os m\u00e9ritos e as faltas, e Yama pronuncia o xu\u00edzo.<\/p><p>Os castigos conducen a un dos <strong>28 Naraka<\/strong> (infernos): Raurava (o inferno dos berros), Maharaurava, Tamisra, Andhatamisra, Kalasutra. A recepci\u00f3n budista (Mahayana, Vajrayana) mant\u00e9n o esquema, pero engade a posibilidade de liberaci\u00f3n mediante a recitaci\u00f3n de <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Unha s\u00edlaba ou f\u00f3rmula sagrada que se repite no hindu\u00edsmo e no budismo.\" tabindex=\"0\">mantra<\/span> e pr\u00e1cticas do estado intermedio (Bardo, Libro tibetano dos mortos). Iconograficamente, os yamadutas te\u00f1en a pel escura, levan lazo e maza, e cabalgan b\u00fafalos de auga.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Esp\u00edrito: entidade incorp\u00f3rea ou semicorp\u00f3rea, defunto, ser da natureza, esp\u00edrito do fogar ou gardi\u00e1n de limiares. Act\u00faa na vida coti\u00e1, moitas veces ligado a lugares ou familias.\">Esp\u00edrito<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/budismo\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Tradici\u00f3n budista con bodhisattvas, divindades protectoras, esp\u00edritos famentos e gardi\u00e1ns dos infernos.\">Budismo<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Non se atoparon t\\u00edtulos nesta p\\u00e1xina.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u00cdndice\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-196988\" alt=\"Yamaduta - Esp\u00edritos da tradici\u00f3n budista, ilustraci\u00f3n hist\u00f3rica\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yamad\u016bta<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yamaduta \u00e9 un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un ser incorp\u00f3reo ao que se lle atrib\u00fae acci\u00f3n no mundo.\" tabindex=\"0\">esp\u00edrito<\/span> da tradici\u00f3n budista.<\/p><p>Os yamad\u016btas son os mensaxeiros da morte ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n indo-budista. No momento da morte aparecen para recoller a alma e levala ao xu\u00edzo de Yama.<\/p><p>Al\u00ed p\u00e9xase o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"No hindu\u00edsmo, budismo e xainismo, a lei da consecuencia dos actos: cada acci\u00f3n repercute nas existencias posteriores.\">karma<\/span>; Yama pronuncia a sentenza; os yamad\u016btas exec\u00fatana, xa sexa nos mundos celestiais ou nos Narakas (infernos). A figura une as tradici\u00f3ns de culto aos mortos indias e budistas; en Asia Oriental f\u00fandese con concepci\u00f3ns locais do reino dos mortos.<\/p><p>O Devad\u016bta Sutta (&#8220;Sutra dos mensaxeiros divinos&#8221;) do <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A colecci\u00f3n reco\u00f1ecida como vinculante dos textos sagrados dunha relixi\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">canon<\/span> pali relata unha escena a Buda: un defunto \u00e9 levado ante Yama; Yama preg\u00fantalle se non viu os &#8220;mensaxeiros divinos&#8221;, a vellez, a enfermidade, a morte, os cad\u00e1veres, que o poder\u00edan ter levado a cambiar de rumbo.<\/p><p>Os yamad\u016btas non son, pois, s\u00f3 executores, sen\u00f3n tam\u00e9n sinais indicativos da vida. Este papel dobre fai que a figura sexa teoloxicamente rica.<\/p><div><p><strong>O Garuda Purana e a topograf\u00eda de Yamaloka<\/strong><\/p><p>A representaci\u00f3n m\u00e1is detallada dos <em>yamaduta<\/em> at\u00f3pase no <em>Garuda Purana<\/em> (s\u00e9culos VIII-X), onde os mensaxeiros de Yama son clasificados segundo o seu rango e funci\u00f3n. M\u00e1is al\u00e1 do papel de simples gardi\u00e1ns ou mensaxeiros, act\u00faan como xurados e rexistradores do xu\u00edzo k\u00e1rmico.<\/p><p>Cada defunto \u00e9 conducido polos seus yamaduta persoais desde o mundo dos moribundos at\u00e9 Maharloka, onde Yama celebra corte. A propia topograf\u00eda de Yamaloka, tal como se describe en diversos Puranas, mostra unha estrutura burocr\u00e1tica: a porta, o cami\u00f1o, a sala da xustiza, os distintos \u00e1mbitos infernais. Os yamaduta son os administradores desta topograf\u00eda, non os seus gardas.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Visi\u00f3n r\u00e1pida: Yamaduta<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Tipo:<\/strong> mensaxeiros da morte, executores infernais<br>Orixe: servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos<br>Textos: Devad\u016bta Sutta, Jatakas, Abhidharmakosha, Libro tibetano dos mortos<br>Per\u00edodo: dende a \u00e9poca v\u00e9dico-budista at\u00e9 a actualidade<br>Forma en Asia Oriental: no sistema do inframundo chin\u00e9s, como mensaxeiros de Yanluo<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contextualizaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Per\u00edodo dos textos<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Antecedente v\u00e9dico (Yama no Rigveda), configuraci\u00f3n budista no <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A colecci\u00f3n reco\u00f1ecida como vinculante dos textos sagrados dunha relixi\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">canon<\/span> pali e nos sutras <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"'Gran veh\u00edculo'; unha das tres principais tradici\u00f3ns do budismo, con ideal do bodhisattva e reflexi\u00f3n filos\u00f3fica elaborada.\">Mahayana<\/span>. O Abhidharmakosha (Vasubandhu, s\u00e9culos IV-V d.C.) sistematiza a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Concepci\u00f3n da estrutura e a orde do mundo dentro dunha cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">cosmolox\u00eda<\/span>. O Libro tibetano dos mortos (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"No budismo tibetano, o estado transitorio entre d\u00faas existencias; o Bardo Th\u00f6dol describe a fase posterior \u00e1 morte.\">Bardo<\/span> Th\u00f6dol, s\u00e9culo VIII ou posterior) cont\u00e9n unha escena detallada cos yamad\u016bta. Referencias chinesas e xaponesas na literatura budista sobre o inframundo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c1rea de difusi\u00f3n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Subcontinente indio, pa\u00edses theravada, Asia Oriental (na China como mensaxeiros de Yanluo, coma Niu Tou &#8220;Cabeza de Boi&#8221; e Ma Mian &#8220;Cara de Cabalo&#8221;), Tibet coa extensi\u00f3n <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"'Veh\u00edculo de diamante'; forma t\u00e1ntrica do budismo Mahayana, principalmente en Tibet, coa pr\u00e1ctica do yidam e a t\u00e9cnica do mantra no centro.\">Vajrayana<\/span>, Xap\u00f3n coa configuraci\u00f3n de Emma.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Estado das fontes<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Devad\u016bta Sutta (Anguttara Nikaya e Majjhima Nikaya), Visuddhimagga (Buddhaghosa), Abhidharmakosha (Vasubandhu), <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Libro tibetano dos mortos; gu\u00eda ritual para os estados transitorios posteriores \u00e1 morte.\">Bardo Th\u00f6dol<\/span>, narraci\u00f3ns chinesas do inframundo (literatura <em>Di Yu<\/em>), Jigoku-z\u014dshi xapon\u00e9s.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Denominaci\u00f3n e formas de escritura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>S\u00e1nscrito:<\/strong> <em>yamad\u016bta<\/em>, \u201emensaxeiro de Yama&#8221;; <em>yamap\u0101la<\/em>, \u201egardi\u00e1n de Yama&#8221;; <em>yamapuru\u1e63a<\/em>, \u201ehome de Yama&#8221;.<br>Chin\u00e9s: \u725b\u982d\u99ac\u9762 (<em>Niu Tou Ma Mian<\/em>, \u201ecabeza de boi e cara de cabalo&#8221;, forma emparellada popular).<br>Xapon\u00e9s: <em>Jigoku no Kishi<\/em>, Yama como Emma.<br>Tibetano: <em>Shinje&#8217;i pho nya<\/em>.<\/p><p>A especificaci\u00f3n en Asia Oriental \u00e9 interesante: a parella cabeza de boi e cara de cabalo \u00e9 un desenvolvemento chin\u00e9s propio. Ambos son representados como poderosos funcionarios do inframundo ao servizo de Yanluo Wang e te\u00f1en presenza destacada nos templos da relixi\u00f3n popular.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Caracter\u00edsticas<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Aparencia<\/strong><\/p><p>Na tradici\u00f3n india, con frecuencia aparecen cunha aura de chamas, armas e cadeas. Poden ter forma animal ou parcialmente animal. Na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Disciplina que estuda os contidos das imaxes e o seu significado.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconograf\u00eda<\/span> chinesa especif\u00edcanse como cabeza de boi e cara de cabalo, armados con clavas ou forcas. Nos thangkas tibetanos aparecen furiosos, danzantes, con s\u00edmbolos de cranios.<\/p><p><strong>Comportamento<\/strong><\/p><p>Aparecen no momento da morte, ligan a alma e l\u00e9vana ante Yama. Nos Narakas executan os castigos k\u00e1rmicos, sen crueldade persoal, sen\u00f3n como cumprimento dunha funci\u00f3n. Na lectura Devad\u016bta son ao mesmo tempo simb\u00f3licos: a propia vida advirte a trav\u00e9s da vellez, a enfermidade e a morte.<\/p><p><strong>\u00c1mbito de influencia<\/strong><\/p><p>O mundo intermedio durante o proceso de morrer, o tribunal de Yama, os Narakas (infernos). Na tradici\u00f3n do leste asi\u00e1tico, tam\u00e9n se organizan en funci\u00f3ns concretas do inframundo, cada un dos dez infernos ten os seus propios funcionarios.<\/p><p><strong>Clasificaci\u00f3n mitol\u00f3xica<\/strong><\/p><p>Na tradici\u00f3n v\u00e9dica, Yama \u00e9 o primeiro mortal que baixou ao inframundo, convert\u00e9ndose as\u00ed no seu se\u00f1or. Os seus mensaxeiros son funcionarios dun sistema c\u00f3smico, non demos aut\u00f3nomos. A adopci\u00f3n budista mant\u00e9n esta posici\u00f3n funcional.<\/p><div><p><strong>Trazos corporais e funci\u00f3n atemorizante<\/strong><\/p><p>Nas pasaxes do Mahabharata e nos Puranas posteriores, os Yamaduta descr\u00edbense con trazos f\u00edsicos espec\u00edficos: pel negra, ollos vermellos, cabelos de serpe ou chamas no lugar do cabelo, armas de ferro. Estes trazos son funcionais, en absoluto arbitrarios: pretenden impactar aos mortais e levalos \u00e1 reflexi\u00f3n sobre a propia vida.<\/p><p>A aparencia \u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Que aparta o mal; os s\u00edmbolos apotropaicos (Pazuzu, Hamsa, Nazar) protexen da maxia dani\u00f1a e do mal de ollo.\">apotropaica<\/span> e meditativa \u00e1 vez. A visi\u00f3n dun Yamaduta marca a transici\u00f3n da vida \u00e1 responsabilidade. Nos comentarios t\u00e1ntricos a funci\u00f3n atemorizante faise a\u00ednda m\u00e1is expl\u00edcita: o Yamaduta \u00e9 unha encarnaci\u00f3n consciente das consecuencias k\u00e1rmicas, non unha entidade biol\u00f3xica.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ficha: Yamaduta<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Os aspectos m\u00e1is importantes dos Yamad\u016bta dun vistazo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Orixe<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos. Fundamento v\u00e9dico-budista. No leste asi\u00e1tico desenv\u00f3lvese baixo Yanluo\/Emma, con xerarqu\u00eda propia de funcionarios.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Destinatarios<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Persoas moribundas no momento da morte, defuntos no estado intermedio, seres infernais encargados da execuci\u00f3n. Indirectamente, todos os vivos como advertencia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aspecto<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Na tradici\u00f3n india, con aura de chamas e armas. Na tradici\u00f3n chinesa, especificados como cabeza de boi e cara de cabalo. Na tradici\u00f3n tibetana, furiosos, danzantes, con adornos de cranios.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Efecto dos Yamaduta<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Recollen as almas moribundas, l\u00e9vanas ante o tribunal de Yama e executan as sentenzas k\u00e1rmicas. Act\u00faan de forma funcional, sen crueldade persoal.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Formas de defensa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Non se trata de protecci\u00f3n, sen\u00f3n de levar unha vida correcta: actuar de forma \u00e9tica, refuxiarse nas Tres Xoias, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O dirixirse a unha divindade ou poder mediante s\u00faplica ou invocaci\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocaci\u00f3n<\/span> de Ksitigarbha (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"No budismo Mahayana, un ser iluminado que apraz\u00e1 a s\u00faa propia liberaci\u00f3n en favor da ensinanza a outros seres.\">bodhisattva<\/span> dos seres infernais). No T\u00edbet: a pr\u00e1ctica do Phowa (transferencia da consciencia no momento da morte).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Elementos comparables<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/gallu\/\">Gallu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/keres\/\">Keres<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/dirae\/\">Dirae<\/a>, acompa\u00f1antes exipcios do Amduat, anxos da morte cristi\u00e1ns.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ritos de morte e defunci\u00f3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Preparaci\u00f3n para a morte<\/strong><\/p><p>Na tradici\u00f3n Theravada: recitaci\u00f3n de Paritta e sutras de Metta xunto aos moribundos. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Gran veh\u00edculo; unha das tres tradici\u00f3ns principais do budismo, con ideal do bodhisattva.\">Mahayana<\/span>: recitaci\u00f3n de mantras de Amitabha para renacer na s\u00faa Terra Pura en lugar do reino de Yama. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Veh\u00edculo de diamante; forma t\u00e1ntrica do budismo Mahayana, principalmente no T\u00edbet, coa pr\u00e1ctica do yidam no centro.\">Vajrayana<\/span>: o Phowa como meditaci\u00f3n espec\u00edfica de morte para sa\u00edr do ciclo.<\/p><p><strong>Ritos posteriores \u00e1 morte<\/strong><\/p><p>O Libro tibetano dos mortos d\u00e1 instruci\u00f3ns ao defunto para os 49 d\u00edas do <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"No budismo tibetano, o estado de transici\u00f3n entre d\u00faas existencias; o Bardo Th\u00f6dol describe a fase posterior \u00e1 morte.\">Bardo<\/span>, inclu\u00edndo encontros expl\u00edcitos cos Yamad\u016btas. A tradici\u00f3n chinesa conta co ritual funerario dos \u201esete-sete&#8221; (49 d\u00edas con cerimonias semanais). O Obon xapon\u00e9s e rituais semellantes serven para aliviar o estado do defunto.<\/p><p><strong>Dimensi\u00f3n \u00e9tica<\/strong><\/p><p>A ensinanza Devad\u016bta ensina que a propia vida env\u00eda os mensaxeiros: a vellez, a enfermidade, a visi\u00f3n dun cad\u00e1ver. Quen os escoita ten pouco que temer ante o tribunal de Yama. Quen os ignora at\u00f3pase con renacementos correspondentes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralelismos e recepci\u00f3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9poca da cultura grega e romana, aproximadamente entre o 800 a. C. e o 600 d. C.\" tabindex=\"0\">Antig\u00fcidade<\/span> e paralelos mesopot\u00e1micos<\/strong><\/p><p>O <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/gallu\/\">Gallu<\/a> mesopot\u00e1mico como \u00f3rgano executor do inframundo, as <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/keres\/\">Keres<\/a> gregas como demonias da morte, figuras acompa\u00f1antes do Amduat exipcio na traves\u00eda solar polo inframundo.<\/p><p><strong>Desenvolvemento no leste asi\u00e1tico<\/strong><\/p><p>Niu Tou Ma Mian chinesas, os funcionarios de Emma xaponeses pos\u00faen no folclore unha xerarqu\u00eda burocr\u00e1tica concreta, con correspondencia oficial e exames. O sistema Di Yu (&#8220;prisi\u00f3n terrestre&#8221;) \u00e9 unha das administraci\u00f3ns do inframundo m\u00e1is elaboradas do mundo.<\/p><p><strong>Recepci\u00f3n moderna<\/strong><\/p><p>Filmes de Bollywood con figuras de Yamraj, anime xapon\u00e9s con motivos de shinigami, K-dramas coreanos con figuras de segador da morte: todos var\u00edan o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un elemento de contido recorrente na arte ou na narrativa.\" tabindex=\"0\">motivo<\/span> do yamaduta en forma moderna.<\/p><div><p><strong>Yamaduta e os Mala&#8217;ika al-Mawt isl\u00e1micos<\/strong><\/p><p>Existe un paralelo notable entre os yamaduta hind\u00fas e os anxos da morte da tradici\u00f3n isl\u00e1mica, os <em>Mala&#8217;ika al-Mawt<\/em>. Ambas as tradici\u00f3ns describen seres celestiais que aparecen no momento da morte. Ambas xulgan os actos do falecido segundo os seus rexistros relixiosos ou k\u00e1rmicos.<\/p><p>Ambos son terror\u00edficos no seu aspecto externo, pero xustos na s\u00faa funci\u00f3n. Non obstante, os <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"En \u00e1rabe 'os anxos'; no Cor\u00e1n, clase cosmol\u00f3xica de anxos, dos que Gabriel, Miguel e Israfil son os m\u00e1is importantes.\">Mala&#8217;ika<\/span> isl\u00e1micos son axentes morais de Deus, mentres que os yamaduta representan m\u00e1is ben forzas administrativas neutras. Esta distinci\u00f3n reflicte unha diferenza na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Problema teol\u00f3xico da compatibilidade entre a omnipotencia e a bondade de Deus e a existencia do mal no mundo.\">teodicea<\/span>: no hindu\u00edsmo o karma exec\u00fatase por si mesmo, no islam \u00e9 a graza de Deus a que decide sobre a xustiza.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp49f0232 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp49f0232\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp527f753 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp527f753\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Os yamaduta como mensaxeiros do deus da morte<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdf35273 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpdf35273\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9a987ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp9a987ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>O nome <em>Yamaduta<\/em> significa literalmente &#8220;mensaxeiro de Yama&#8221;. Yama \u00e9 o se\u00f1or dos mortos, unha figura procedente da relixi\u00f3n v\u00e9dica que se estendeu por todo o sur e o leste de Asia a trav\u00e9s do budismo e do hindu\u00edsmo.<\/p><p>Os yamaduta son os seus subordinados, enviados para recoller as almas dos falecidos e conducilas ante o xu\u00edzo do se\u00f1or da morte. Por tanto, non son poderes aut\u00f3nomos, sen\u00f3n funcionarios dentro dunha orde c\u00f3smica.<\/p><p>Nos textos budistas, os yamaduta aparecen en varios papeis. Un pasaxe importante \u00e9 o <em>Devaduta Sutta<\/em> do canon pali, no que, non obstante, o protagonismo o te\u00f1en os &#8220;mensaxeiros divinos&#8221;, \u00e9 dicir, a vellez, a enfermidade e a morte como sinais de advertencia que deber\u00edan amoestar a todo ser humano.<\/p><p>Xunto a isto existen as descrici\u00f3ns m\u00e1is concretas dos mensaxeiros infernais, que capturan o falecido e o levan ante Yama. Yama reprocha ent\u00f3n ao morto que viu en vida os sinais de advertencia do envellecemento, a enfermidade e a morte, pero non lles fixo caso.<\/p><p>Esta combinaci\u00f3n de descrici\u00f3n aterradora e advertencia \u00e9tica \u00e9 caracter\u00edstica do tratamento budista dos yamaduta. Son figuras terror\u00edficas, pero o seu terror ten un prop\u00f3sito did\u00e1ctico. A investigaci\u00f3n sobre a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Concepci\u00f3n da estrutura e da orde do mundo dentro dunha cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">cosmolox\u00eda<\/span> budista sinala que as descrici\u00f3ns do inferno no budismo estaban concibidas como unha ilustraci\u00f3n v\u00edvida da lei do karma e non ti\u00f1an un fin en si mesmas.<\/p><p>Os yamaduta non executan un castigo arbitrario, sen\u00f3n que levan a cabo aquilo que os propios actos do falecido provocan. O verdadeiro xu\u00edz \u00e9, en definitiva, a lei de acci\u00f3n e consecuencia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp878f4cd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp878f4cd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp998f005 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp998f005\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Os yamaduta nas representaci\u00f3ns do inferno e na arte templaria<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpee0dfc1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpee0dfc1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp79205d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp79205d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A arte budista de Asia representou en numerosas ocasi\u00f3ns os yamaduta, sobre todo nas grandes representaci\u00f3ns do inferno que se atopan en templos, murais e pergameos. Estes programas iconogr\u00e1ficos mostran o xu\u00edzo dos mortos de Yama e os castigos dos distintos infernos cunha viveza a mi\u00fado bastante cr\u00faa.<\/p><p>Nelas os yamaduta aparecen como os gardas e verdugos executores, con frecuencia con rasgos animais, como cabezas de touro ou de cabalo, unha <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Estudo dos contidos das imaxes e do seu significado.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconograf\u00eda<\/span> especialmente marcada na tradici\u00f3n do leste asi\u00e1tico.<\/p><p>Estas representaci\u00f3ns do inferno ti\u00f1an unha clara funci\u00f3n did\u00e1ctica. Coloc\u00e1banse en lugares onde os laicos pod\u00edan velas, e ilustraban as consecuencias dos actos dani\u00f1os dun xeito comprensible a\u00ednda sen co\u00f1ecer os textos.<\/p><p>En Tailandia, na tradici\u00f3n tibetana, en China, Corea e Xap\u00f3n at\u00f3panse expresi\u00f3ns propias desta tradici\u00f3n iconogr\u00e1fica, que desenvolven o esquema com\u00fan con particularidades rexionais.<\/p><p>Na variante do leste asi\u00e1tico, a herdanza india comb\u00ednase coa idea dos dez reis do inframundo, de xeito que Yama aparece al\u00ed como un de dez xu\u00edces, comparable ao <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yeomra\/\">Yeomra<\/a> coreano.<\/p><p>Para a an\u00e1lise desde a ciencia da relixi\u00f3n, esta tradici\u00f3n iconogr\u00e1fica \u00e9 unha fonte importante, xa que mostra como se transmitiu a doutrina do karma e do xu\u00edzo dos mortos ao mundo vital dos laicos. Nestas imaxes, os yamaduta aparecen como figuras v\u00edvidas e aterradoras, non como conceptos teol\u00f3xicos abstractos.<\/p><p>A investigaci\u00f3n en historia da arte utiliza ademais as imaxes do inferno conservadas para rastrear a difusi\u00f3n de determinadas concepci\u00f3ns a trav\u00e9s do tempo e do espazo, xa que nelas poden lerse as v\u00edas de transmisi\u00f3n da <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Concepci\u00f3n da estrutura e da orde do mundo dentro dunha cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">cosmolox\u00eda<\/span> budista entre as diferentes rexi\u00f3ns.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7d98a5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp7d98a5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6fd93d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp6fd93d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yamaduta e Yamadut no hindu\u00edsmo<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp18a1d93 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp18a1d93\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2fb31db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2fb31db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A idea dos mensaxeiros de Yama vai m\u00e1is al\u00e1 do budismo e tam\u00e9n est\u00e1 firmemente arraigada no hindu\u00edsmo, onde estes mensaxeiros son chamados a mi\u00fado <em>Yamadut<\/em>. Un relato especialmente co\u00f1ecido, transmitido en varios Puranas, trata de Ajamila.<\/p><p>Ajamila \u00e9 un home que levou unha vida chea de erros e que, na hora da morte, debe ser levado polos mensaxeiros de Yama. No momento de morrer, por\u00e9n, chama polo nome do seu fillo, que por casualidade \u00e9 un dos nomes do deus Vishnu. Ante isto, aparecen os mensaxeiros de Vishnu, os <em>Vishnudut<\/em>, que se enfrontan aos mensaxeiros de Yama e liberan a Ajamila.<\/p><p>Este relato \u00e9 teoloxicamente relevante. Na tradici\u00f3n da devoci\u00f3n a Vishnu, empr\u00e9gase como proba do poder salvador do nome divino: mesmo a invocaci\u00f3n involuntaria do nome ter\u00eda un efecto salv\u00edfico.<\/p><p>Neste relato, os mensaxeiros de Yama encarnan a l\u00f3xica estrita de acci\u00f3n e retribuci\u00f3n, mentres que os mensaxeiros de Vishnu encarnan a graza capaz de romper esa l\u00f3xica. A disputa entre ambos grupos de mensaxeiros aparece nos textos como unha verdadeira disputaci\u00f3n sobre xustiza e graza.<\/p><p>Desde a perspectiva das ciencias da relixi\u00f3n, este episodio mostra que os Yamaduta foron valorados de xeito diferente segundo a corrente relixiosa da India e o seu punto de vista teol\u00f3xico. Nun marco estritamente orientado polo karma, son os executores inevitables.<\/p><p>Nas correntes centradas na devoci\u00f3n e na graza, conv\u00e9rtense nunha instancia que pode ser superada pola atenci\u00f3n da <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un ser venerado como divino dentro dunha relixi\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">divindade<\/span> salvadora. Os Yamaduta son, as\u00ed, un bo indicador de como unha mesma idea mitol\u00f3xica compartida \u00e9 situada e valorada de xeito distinto dentro de diferentes sistemas relixiosos.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ligaz\u00f3ns relacionadas<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ligaz\u00f3ns internas recomendadas:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/budismo\/\">Budismo<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/mara\/\">Mara<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/preta\/\">Preta<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/gardians-naraka\/\">Gardi\u00e1ns do Naraka<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/dakini\/\">Dakini<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/gallu\/\">Gallu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/keres\/\">Keres<\/a> (paralelos)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yama\/\">Yama<\/a> como se\u00f1or dos mortos (hindu\u00edsmo)<\/li><li>Bardo Th\u00f6dol e o libro tibetano dos mortos<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliograf\u00eda de investigaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>Unha selecci\u00f3n de traballos centrais sobre Yamad\u016bta:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Cuevas, Bryan J.: <em>The Hidden History of the Tibetan Book of the Dead<\/em>. New York 2003.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Teiser, Stephen F.: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/uhpress.hawaii.edu\/title\/the-scripture-on-the-ten-kings-and-the-making-of-purgatory-in-medieval-chinese-buddhism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Scripture on the Ten Kings<\/a><\/em>. Honolulu 1994.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Rhys Davids, Thomas W.: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sacred-texts.com\/bud\/sbe11\/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Buddhist Suttas<\/a><\/em>. Oxford 1881.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Gouin, Margaret: <em>Tibetan Rituals of Death<\/em>. London 2010.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Sadakata, Akira: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/buddhistcosmolog0000sada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Buddhist Cosmology<\/a><\/em>. Tokyo 1997.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>M\u00e1is obras de referencia no <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/literatura\/\">\u00edndice bibliogr\u00e1fico<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-yamaduta-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-yamaduta-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-yamaduta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-yamaduta-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-yamaduta-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">A pr\u00e1ctica de protecci\u00f3n aqu\u00ed descrita \u00e9 unha interpretaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica de tradici\u00f3ns hist\u00f3ricas. iWell Guard conecta con esta li\u00f1a cultural de obxectos de protecci\u00f3n port\u00e1tiles e representa unha forma contempor\u00e1nea dela. <a href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">M\u00e1is sobre o iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1697,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Yamaduta, mensaxeiro da morte de Yama","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Yamaduta \u2013 os mensaxeiros da morte do deus Yama","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Os yamad\u016btas son os mensaxeiros da morte ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n indo-budista. No momento da morte aparecen para recoller a alma","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"2","wesen_kultur":"buddhismus","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-194634","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Yamaduta \u2013 os mensaxeiros da morte do deus Yama<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Os yamad\u016btas son os mensaxeiros da morte ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n indo-budista. No momento da morte aparecen para recoller a alma\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"gl_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Yamad\u016bta\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Os yamad\u016btas son os mensaxeiros da morte ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n indo-budista. No momento da morte aparecen para recoller a alma\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-07T09:41:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/\",\"name\":\"Yamaduta \u2013 os mensaxeiros da morte do deus Yama\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-07T09:37:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-07T09:41:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"Os yamad\u016btas son os mensaxeiros da morte ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n indo-budista. No momento da morte aparecen para recoller a alma\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"gl-ES\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"gl-ES\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Esp\u00edritos da tradici\u00f3n budista.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/?page_id=194562\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Yamad\u016bta\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"gl-ES\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"gl-ES\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Yamad\u016bta\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-07T09:37:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-07T09:41:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/gl\\\/yamaduta\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"gl-ES\",\"description\":\"Os yamad\u016btas son os mensaxeiros da morte ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n indo-budista. No momento da morte aparecen para recoller a alma\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Yamaduta \u2013 os mensaxeiros da morte do deus Yama","description":"Os yamad\u016btas son os mensaxeiros da morte ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n indo-budista. No momento da morte aparecen para recoller a alma","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/","og_locale":"gl_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Yamad\u016bta","og_description":"Os yamad\u016btas son os mensaxeiros da morte ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n indo-budista. No momento da morte aparecen para recoller a alma","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-07T09:41:15+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Yamad\u016bta","datePublished":"2026-09-07T09:37:08+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T09:41:15+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp","inLanguage":"gl-ES","description":"Os yamad\u016btas son os mensaxeiros da morte ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n indo-budista. No momento da morte aparecen para recoller a alma"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/","name":"Yamaduta \u2013 os mensaxeiros da morte do deus Yama","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-07T09:37:08+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T09:41:15+00:00","description":"Os yamad\u016btas son os mensaxeiros da morte ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n indo-budista. No momento da morte aparecen para recoller a alma","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"gl-ES","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"gl-ES","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Esp\u00edritos da tradici\u00f3n budista."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/?page_id=194562"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Yamad\u016bta"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"gl-ES"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"gl-ES","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"gl-ES","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Yamad\u016bta","datePublished":"2026-09-07T09:37:08+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T09:41:15+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/yamaduta\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta.webp","inLanguage":"gl-ES","description":"Os yamad\u016btas son os mensaxeiros da morte ao servizo de Yama, o se\u00f1or dos mortos da tradici\u00f3n indo-budista. No momento da morte aparecen para recoller a alma"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/194634","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=194634"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/194634\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1697"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=194634"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/gl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=194634"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}