{"id":188653,"date":"2026-09-07T03:36:53","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T03:36:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=188653"},"modified":"2026-09-07T03:39:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T03:39:33","slug":"loko","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/loko\/","title":{"rendered":"Loko"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"188653\" class=\"elementor elementor-188653 elementor-3062 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cafa2b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4cafa2b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5accc9f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5accc9f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bb3022 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6bb3022\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2a18e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f2a18e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Loko, Loa na lusanna \u00edce sa Vodou<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-374e5bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"374e5bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is \u00e9 Loko sa Vodou an Loa a bhaineann le lusanna \u00edce agus crainn, a chaomhna\u00edonn eolas na heala\u00edne leighis agus a chuireann ar aghaidh chuig an sagartacht \u00e9. T\u00e1 Loko (ar a dtugtar freisin Papa Loko, Loko Atisou, Loko Davi) sa traidisi\u00fan H\u00e1it\u00edoch mar Loa na planda\u00ed \u00edce, na gcrann agus na leighis, agus meastar gur duine de na spioraid is sine agus is meas\u00fala sa phaintheon \u00e9.<\/p><p>Baineann s\u00e9 le fine Rada agus tugtar on\u00f3ir d\u00f3 mar theagasc\u00f3ir spiorad\u00e1lta na Houngans (sagairt) agus na Mambos (banshagairt). Is \u00ed Ayizan a bhean, coime\u00e1da\u00ed na marga\u00ed agus an ghlaine deasghn\u00e1tha. Le ch\u00e9ile, is iad Loko agus Ayizan an bheirt theagasc\u00f3ra spiorad\u00e1lta sa traidisi\u00fan seo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f848921 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f848921\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-206aa10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"206aa10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Dia \/ Bandia: Cumhacht phearsanaithe is airde i bpainti\u00fan cult\u00fair, le freagrachta\u00ed soil\u00e9ire \u2014 f\u00f3rsa\u00ed n\u00e1d\u00fartha, cinni\u00faint, cogadh, torth\u00falacht. Adhrar tr\u00ed chultanna, \u00edobairt\u00ed agus institi\u00faid\u00ed teampaill.\">Dia<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/vodou\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Traidisi\u00fan Vodou H\u00e1it\u00edoch-Iarthar-Afracach le neacha Lwa, a chuaigh \u00f3 thaobh na staire reiligi\u00fana\u00ed \u00f3 Iarthar na hAfraice go dt\u00ed an Chairib.\">Vodou<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e49d5aa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e49d5aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6d335a elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"e6d335a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;N\\u00edor aims\\u00edodh aon cheannteideal ar an leathanach seo.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tCl\u00e1r \u00c1bhair\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e6d335a\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e6d335a\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__e6d335a\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfe21e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cfe21e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-141aa83 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"141aa83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_vodou_loko-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-190207\" alt=\"Loko - D\u00e9ithe \u00f3 thraidisi\u00fan Vodou, l\u00e9iritheach \u00f3 thaobh na staire\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_vodou_loko-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_vodou_loko-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_vodou_loko-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_vodou_loko.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53e17e0 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"53e17e0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2d4ead e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a2d4ead\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9adc80f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9adc80f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fr\u00e9amhacha Iarthar Afracach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f16f4e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f16f4e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00e1 fr\u00e9amhacha Loko sa traidisi\u00fan Fon in Iarthar na hAfraice, \u00e1it a dtugtar on\u00f3ir do Loko (ar a dtugtar Iroko freisin) mar dhiaga naofa crainn.<\/p><p>Is crann adhmaid chrua Iarthar na hAfraice \u00e9 an crann Loko (go bitheola\u00edoch Milicia excelsa, ar a dtugtar an crann Iroko freisin), a fh\u00e1sann go 50 m\u00e9adar ar airde agus a mheastar a bheith <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A bhaineann leis an diaga agus d\u00e1 bharr sin scoite \u00f3n \u00fas\u00e1id laeth\u00fail.\" tabindex=\"0\">naofa<\/span> i reiligi\u00fan na bpobal Fon, Yoruba, Ewe agus pobail chomharsanacha. Ag na Yoruba tugtar Iroko ar an gcrann c\u00e9anna agus meastar gur \u00e1itreabh don orisha den ainm c\u00e9anna \u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<p>Rinne Alfred M\u00e9traux cur s\u00edos ina leabhar \u00abLe vaudou ha\u00eftien\u00bb ar aistri\u00fa an chultais Loko chuig an Mhuir Chairib. \u00d3s rud \u00e9 nach bhfaightear an crann Iroko sa Mhuir Chairib, aistr\u00edodh a fheidhm chuig crainn eile, go pr\u00edomha chuig na crainn mapou (Ceiba pentandra, an crann olainn), a mheastar in H\u00e1it\u00ed a bheith mar \u00e1it ch\u00f3naithe na Loa.<\/p><p>L\u00e9irigh Karen McCarthy Brown agus Leslie Desmangles conas a chaomhnaigh an oiri\u00fan\u00fa geografach seo an substaint reiligi\u00fanach ach a chlaochlaigh s\u00e9 an bhun\u00e1it bhitheola\u00edoch chonarthach.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1dd83ff e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1dd83ff\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5795a5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5795a5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Feidhm agus N\u00e1d\u00far<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-443ee69 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"443ee69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is \u00e9 Loko go pr\u00edomha an Loa a bhaineann leis an eala\u00edn leighis. T\u00e1 eolas aige ar chumhachta\u00ed \u00edce na bplanda\u00ed, na bpr\u00e9amhacha, na nduilleog agus na coirte go l\u00e9ir, agus cuireann s\u00e9 an eolas seo ar aghaidh chuig na Houngans agus na Mambos.<\/p><p>Cuirtear gach sagart den traidisi\u00fan seo faoi chosaint Loko le linn a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Trasn\u00fa deasghn\u00e1tha tr\u00ednar tugadh duine isteach i st\u00e1das n\u00f3 i bpobal nua.\" tabindex=\"0\">thionscnaimh<\/span>, mar nach f\u00e9idir leis a ch\u00faram a chomhl\u00edonadh gan eolas ar na lusanna \u00edce. Meastar d\u00e1 bharr sin gur \u00e9 Loko f\u00edorbhunaitheoir agus p\u00e1tr\u00fan sagartachta an traidisi\u00fain seo.<\/p>\n\n<p>Rinne Maya Deren cur s\u00edos ina leabhar \u00abDivine Horsemen\u00bb ar fheidhm Loko mar theagasc\u00f3ir spiorad\u00e1lta. L\u00e9ir\u00edtear \u00e9 sna l\u00e9irithe mar sheanfhear cr\u00edonna a bhfuil gluaiseachta\u00ed mall, d\u00edniti\u00fail aige, a chuireann a chuid eolais ar aghaidh \u00f3 bh\u00e9al. F\u00e1gann an fheidhm theagasc\u00f3ra seo gur duine de na figi\u00fair\u00ed l\u00e1rnacha \u00e9 i ndeasghn\u00e1tha tionscnaimh an traidisi\u00fain seo. Gan cead Loko, n\u00ed f\u00e9idir duine a thiomn\u00fa mar shagart.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6afafba e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6afafba\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-598ff3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"598ff3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Loko agus Ayizan<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c40a162 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c40a162\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is figi\u00far at\u00e1 chomh t\u00e1bhachtach c\u00e9anna i bpaintheon an traidisi\u00fain seo \u00ed Ayizan, bean Loko. Tugtar on\u00f3ir di mar choime\u00e1da\u00ed an mhargaidh agus mar ph\u00e1tr\u00fan na glaine deasghn\u00e1tha. Is iad na siombail\u00ed at\u00e1 aici na duilleoga pailme, a chrochtar i dteampail an traidisi\u00fain seo, agus me\u00e1chan an mhargaidh.<\/p><p>Ag gach <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Trasn\u00fa deasghn\u00e1tha tr\u00ednar tugadh duine isteach i st\u00e1das n\u00f3 i bpobal nua.\" tabindex=\"0\">thionscnamh<\/span>, agartar Ayizan in \u00e9ineacht le Loko chun an tionscna\u00ed a bheann\u00fa agus a chosaint. Le ch\u00e9ile, is iad an bheirt seo an bheirt ph\u00e1tr\u00fain ar shagartacht an traidisi\u00fain seo.<\/p>\n\n<p>Rinne Joan Dayan anail\u00eds ina leabhar \u00abHaiti, History, and the Gods\u00bb ar bhr\u00ed inscne-pholaiti\u00fail an ch\u00fapla seo. L\u00e9ir\u00edonn Loko agus Ayizan an fhoirm fhireann agus an fhoirm bhaininn den fheidhm theagasc\u00f3ra spiorad\u00e1lta, agus mar sin l\u00e9ir\u00edonn siad an comhionannas idir Houngans agus Mambos sa traidisi\u00fan seo.<\/p><p>L\u00e9ir\u00edtear an comhionannas siombalach seo sa chleachtas nithi\u00fail, ina bhfuil an \u00fadar\u00e1s c\u00e9anna ag banshagairt agus at\u00e1 ag sagairt fhireanna.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca390e1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ca390e1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89f0e9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"89f0e9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">An crann mapou mar \u00e1itreabh Loko<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c29a81c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c29a81c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is \u00e9 an crann mapou (Ceiba pentandra) an \u00e1itreabh bitheola\u00edoch l\u00e1rnach at\u00e1 ag Loko in H\u00e1it\u00ed. Meastar go bhfuil na crainn mh\u00f3ra seo, a bh\u00edonn go minic c\u00e9adta bliain d&#8217;aois, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A bhaineann leis an diaga agus d\u00e1 bharr sin scoite \u00f3n \u00fas\u00e1id laeth\u00fail.\" tabindex=\"0\">naofa<\/span> i m\u00f3r\u00e1n sr\u00e1idbhailte agus is minic gur su\u00edomh gn\u00edomha\u00edochta\u00ed deasghn\u00e1tha den traidisi\u00fan seo iad.<\/p><p>D\u00e9antar <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bronntanas do dhiaga chun bu\u00edochas, achain\u00ed n\u00f3 adhradh a l\u00e9iri\u00fa.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00edobairt\u00ed<\/span> a thabhairt orthu, tagann iarrth\u00f3ir\u00ed \u00e1 lorg, agus re\u00e1cht\u00e1iltear tion\u00f3il th\u00e1bhachtacha f\u00fathu. T\u00e1 gn\u00e9 pholaiti\u00fail ag baint le hadhradh an chrainn mapou: meastar go raibh crainn mapou ch\u00e1ili\u00fala mar \u00e1iteanna tion\u00f3il don fhrithsheasmhacht stairi\u00fail in aghaidh na rialtais choil\u00ednigh.<\/p>\n\n<p>Thug Alfred M\u00e9traux tuairisc gur meastar le linn a thr\u00e9imhse taighde (na 1940id\u00ed agus na 1950id\u00ed) go raibh leagan crainn mapou ina m\u00ed-fhort\u00fan tromch\u00faiseach a d&#8217;fh\u00e9adfadh fearg Loko a mh\u00fascailt.<\/p><p>Chaill an tab\u00fa seo a dh\u00e9ine le blianta beaga anuas mar gheall ar dh\u00edoth\u00fa comhshaoil agus uirbi\u00fa, rud a mheastar sa reiligi\u00fan tuata H\u00e1it\u00edoch mar l\u00e9iri\u00fa ar mheath. D&#8217;fhorbair tionscnaimh chun crainn mapou aosta a chosaint sa 21\u00fa haois in H\u00e1it\u00ed, ag comhcheangal c\u00faraim\u00ed reiligi\u00fanacha agus \u00e9iceola\u00edocha.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-311bd3f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"311bd3f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-597471e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"597471e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Deasghn\u00e1tha tionscnaimh agus Loko<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1babfc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1babfc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is \u00ed an fheidhm dheasghn\u00e1tha is t\u00e1bhachta\u00ed at\u00e1 ag Loko n\u00e1 i ndeasghn\u00e1tha tionscnaimh na Houngans agus na Mambos. Is pr\u00f3iseas casta \u00e9 an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Trasn\u00fa deasghn\u00e1tha tr\u00ednar tugadh duine isteach i st\u00e1das n\u00f3 i bpobal nua.\" tabindex=\"0\">tionscnamh<\/span> mar shagart an traidisi\u00fain seo, a mhaireann go minic seachtain\u00ed, ina dt\u00e9ann an tionscna\u00ed tr\u00ed ch\u00e9imeanna \u00e9ags\u00fala scaradh, glanadh agus teagasc spiorad\u00e1lta.<\/p><p>Agartar Loko ag t\u00fas an phr\u00f3isis seo chun an tionscna\u00ed a th\u00f3g\u00e1il faoi a l\u00e1imh, agus ag an deireadh chun a dh\u00ednit nua a dheimhni\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n<p>Rinne Karen McCarthy Brown cur s\u00edos mion ina leabhar \u00abMama Lola\u00bb ar chleachtas an tionscnaimh \u00f3 dhearcadh banshagart H\u00e1it\u00edoch-Meirice\u00e1nach. L\u00e9ir\u00edtear Loko ansi\u00fad mar an fhigi\u00far theagascach l\u00e1rnach, a thagann i l\u00e1thair sa tionscna\u00ed ina bhriongl\u00f3id, a scr\u00fada\u00edonn \u00e9 agus a shannta\u00edonn a ch\u00faram sonrach d\u00f3 laistigh den chleachtas seo. B\u00edonn an caidreamh pearsanta seo le Loko ag gabh\u00e1il leis an sagart n\u00f3 leis an bhanshagart ar feadh a shaoil ar fad.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f55b05 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0f55b05\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df37ca6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"df37ca6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Siombalachas agus Air\u00edonna<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cbf8c3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cbf8c3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is iad na siombail\u00ed l\u00e1rnacha at\u00e1 ag Loko an crann, an tine che\u00e1rta (ina nd\u00e9antar planda\u00ed \u00edocshl\u00e1inte a dheat\u00fa), na maid\u00ed druma (mar <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Comhartha a sheasann in ionad smaoineamh n\u00f3 br\u00edonna.\" tabindex=\"0\">shiombail<\/span> ar an \u00fadar\u00e1s sagart\u00fail) agus an \u00abasson\u00bb, an cnagaire deasghn\u00e1tha le veirteabra\u00ed nathrach, arb \u00e9 an feisteas is t\u00e1bhachta\u00ed \u00e9 at\u00e1 ag sagart an traidisi\u00fain seo. Aon duine a fhaigheann an asson, t\u00e1 an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Aistri\u00fa deasghn\u00e1tha tr\u00ednar nglactar duine isteach i st\u00e1das nua n\u00f3 i bpobal nua.\" tabindex=\"0\">tionscnamh<\/span> curtha i gcr\u00edch agaibh agus t\u00e1 cead acu deasghn\u00e1tha f\u00e9inli\u00farach d\u00e1 gcuid f\u00e9in de an traidisi\u00fan seo a dh\u00e9anamh.<\/p>\n\n<p>Is b\u00e1n agus bu\u00ed \u00f3rga iad dathanna Loko, iad measctha go minic le imir uaine a l\u00e9ir\u00edonn a nasc leis an fh\u00e1sra. Is honey, rum, c\u00e1is agus tobac na tabhartais fabhraithe, agus planda\u00ed \u00edocshl\u00e1inte \u00f3 st\u00f3r d\u00fachasach an traidisi\u00fain seo \u00e1 gcur leo.<\/p><p>Thug Maya Deren faoi deara go leagann tabhartais Loko b\u00e9im ar leith ar an fheidhm mh\u00fainteoireachta: seasann mil don milseacht na gaoise, rum don airdeall, agus c\u00e1is don aib\u00edocht fhoighneach.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41a28e1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"41a28e1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c0f54e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6c0f54e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sainaithint shioncr\u00e9iseach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98749c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"98749c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sa ch\u00f3ras sioncr\u00e9iseach Caitliceach-Vod\u00fa, aithn\u00edtear Loko le Naomh Seosamh, athair \u00cdosa, a nd\u00e9antar \u00e9 a adhradh sa traidisi\u00fan Caitliceach mar sheanfhear iontaofa, p\u00e1tr\u00fan na n-oibrithe agus cosant\u00f3ir an teaghlaigh.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 an aithint seo ag teacht le feidhm mh\u00fainteoireachta Loko, mar go meastar Naomh Seosamh a bheith an m\u00fainteoir is t\u00faisce a bh\u00ed ag \u00cdosa. Com\u00f3irtear l\u00e1 fh\u00e9ile Naomh Seosaimh (19 M\u00e1rta) mar l\u00e1 fh\u00e9ile Loko i m\u00f3r\u00e1n pobal an traidisi\u00fain seo.<\/p>\n\n<p>L\u00e9irigh Leslie Desmangles ina staid\u00e9ir go bhfuil an aithint idir Loko agus Naomh Seosamh n\u00edos daingne i r\u00e9igi\u00fain \u00e1irithe na hAi\u00edt\u00ed, agus n\u00edos laige i r\u00e9igi\u00fain eile.<\/p><p>Sna ceantair uirbeacha, \u00e1it a bhfuil tionchar na Caitliceachta n\u00edos l\u00e1idre, \u00fas\u00e1idtear an aithint seo n\u00edos minice; sna ceantair tuaithe, \u00e1it a bhfuil an substaint Afracach n\u00edos fearr caomhnaithe, fanann Loko n\u00edos infheicthe mar fhigi\u00far neamhsple\u00e1ch. Aithn\u00edtear Ayizan leis an Naomh Cl\u00e1r Assisi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13135ca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"13135ca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dda5f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5dda5f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Taighde agus T\u00e1bhacht<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f205bdc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f205bdc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is cuid den taighde ar an traidisi\u00fan seo an taighde ar Loko, agus t\u00e1 s\u00e9 bunaithe ar shaothair chlasaiceacha Maya Deren, Alfred M\u00e9traux agus Karen McCarthy Brown. T\u00e1 staid\u00e9ir n\u00edos sonra\u00ed ar an nasc leis an traidisi\u00fan Iroko in Iarthar na hAfraice ar f\u00e1il \u00f3 Robert Farris Thompson agus \u00f3 Sandra Barnes.<\/p><p>Chuir saothair reatha ar an ghn\u00e9 \u00e9iceola\u00edoch den traidisi\u00fan reiligi\u00fanach seo, mar shampla iad si\u00fad le Claudine Michel agus Patrick Bellegarde-Smith, traidisi\u00fan crann Mapou i gcomhth\u00e9acs n\u00edos leithne, ina nascann c\u00farsa\u00ed reiligi\u00fanacha, cult\u00fartha agus \u00e9iceola\u00edocha lena ch\u00e9ile.<\/p>\n\n<p>Sa l\u00e1 at\u00e1 inniu ann san Ai\u00edt\u00ed, is samhail \u00e9 Loko den nasc idir seanleigheas traidisi\u00fanta agus cleachtas reiligi\u00fanach. Cleachtar leigheas d\u00fachasach na hAi\u00edt\u00ed, arb \u00e9 an fhoirm phr\u00edomha c\u00faraim leighis \u00e9 i m\u00f3r\u00e1n r\u00e9igi\u00fan tuaithe, faoi choimirce Loko.<\/p><p>Fanann an nasc idir eolas leighis agus \u00fadar\u00e1s reiligi\u00fanach, at\u00e1 scartha \u00f3na ch\u00e9ile de r\u00e9ir tuiscint an Iarthair, dl\u00fath-nasctha sa traidisi\u00fan seo. D\u00e1 bhr\u00ed sin, n\u00ed p\u00e1tr\u00fan reiligi\u00fanach amh\u00e1in \u00e9 Loko, ach freisin an r\u00e1tha\u00edocht spiorad\u00e1lta ar thraidisi\u00fan leighis neamhsple\u00e1ch, ar cuid th\u00e1bhachtach de chult\u00far na hAi\u00edt\u00ed \u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5532b00 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5532b00\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d886aab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d886aab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">An Asson mar Fheisteas an tSagartachta<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ccbba9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ccbba9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is \u00e9 an suaitheantas deasghn\u00e1tha l\u00e1rnach at\u00e1 ag Loko an \u00abasson\u00bb, glogar d\u00e9anta as puimc\u00edn at\u00e1 cl\u00fadaithe le p\u00far\u00f3ga agus veirteabra\u00ed nathrach. Meastar gurb \u00e9 bronnadh an asson ag deireadh na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Aistri\u00fa deasghn\u00e1tha tr\u00ednar glacadh duine isteach i st\u00e1das nua n\u00f3 i bpobal nua.\" tabindex=\"0\">tionscnaimh<\/span> Kanzo (\u00abpran asson\u00bb) an n\u00f3im\u00e9ad cinni\u00fanach ina n-\u00e9ir\u00edonn an tionscna\u00ed ina Houngan ioml\u00e1n n\u00f3 ina Mambo ioml\u00e1n.<\/p><p>Roimh an gc\u00e9im seo, is f\u00e9idir le duine cleachtadh a dh\u00e9anamh sa traidisi\u00fan seo, ach n\u00ed f\u00e9idir leo tionscnaimh d\u00e1 gcuid f\u00e9in a sti\u00faradh n\u00e1 bheith ina sagart os cionn Hounfor. Leis an asson, faigheann siad an t-\u00fadar\u00e1s can\u00f3nta at\u00e1 bunaithe ar theagasc d\u00edreach Loko.<\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Rinne Karen McCarthy Brown cur s\u00edos mionsonraithe ar bhronnadh an asson ina leabhar \u00abMama Lola\u00bb (Berkeley 1991), agus l\u00e9irigh s\u00ed conas a chriostala\u00edonn Lokol\u00f3gacht ina hioml\u00e1ine sa n\u00f3im\u00e9ad sin: n\u00ed tharchuireann Loko a chuid eolais ar bhealach teib\u00ed, ach tr\u00ed mhe\u00e1n \u00e1bharach nithi\u00fail a thugtar ar aghaidh \u00f3 ghl\u00fain go gl\u00fain.<\/span><\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Rinne Donald Cosentino cur s\u00edos sa chnuasach \u00abSacred Arts of Haitian Vodou\u00bb (Los Angeles 1995) ar dh\u00e9ant\u00fasa\u00edocht eala\u00edonta an asson: t\u00e1 an puimc\u00edn, na veirteabra\u00ed nathrach agus an bhr\u00e1isl\u00e9ad ph\u00far\u00f3g l\u00e1n d\u2019fhianaise \u00edoc\u00f3nagrafach, agus t\u00e1 br\u00ed dhiagachta ag baint le gach eilimint. Nascann na veirteabra\u00ed nathrach an asson le Damballa, rud a shocra\u00edonn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Aistri\u00fa deasghn\u00e1tha tr\u00ednar glacadh duine isteach i st\u00e1das nua n\u00f3 i bpobal nua.\" tabindex=\"0\">tionscnamh<\/span> Loko go daingean sna sraitheanna Loa is sine.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdb26b5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cdb26b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d4cc03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d4cc03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pharmacopoeia na bPlanda\u00ed \u00cdocshl\u00e1inte agus Eolas Eiteanbhitileach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14a5cac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14a5cac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Rinneadh cur s\u00edos eola\u00edoch san 20\u00fa haois ar an eolas ar phlanda\u00ed \u00edocshl\u00e1inte a bhaineann le Loko. Foils\u00edodh Wade Davis liosta\u00ed planda\u00ed a \u00fas\u00e1idtear i gcleachtas na hAi\u00edt\u00ed ina leabhar \u00abThe Serpent and the Rainbow\u00bb (1985) agus ina shaothar leantach eitneabhitileach \u00abPassage of Darkness\u00bb (1988).<\/span><\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Rinne Michel-\u00c9tienne Descourtilz an ch\u00e9ad chur i l\u00e1thair c\u00f3rasach ar phlanda\u00ed \u00edocshl\u00e1inte an Chairibeigh cheana f\u00e9in i 1809 ina \u00abFlore m\u00e9dicale des Antilles\u00bb, le tagairt\u00ed sonracha don \u00fas\u00e1id san Ai\u00edt\u00ed. San 20\u00fa haois, dhoicim\u00e9adaigh Ars\u00e8ne Pierre-No\u00ebl pharmacopoeia mh\u00f3r phobail ina \u00abLes plantes et les l\u00e9gumes d&#8217;Ha\u00efti qui gu\u00e9rissent\u00bb (Port-au-Prince 1959).<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Oibr\u00edonn an eala\u00edn leighis a bhaineann le Loko le tr\u00ed aicme: \u00abfey rafrechi\u00bb (duilleoga fuaraitheacha ar n\u00f3s Aloe n\u00f3 feochad\u00e1n l\u00edom\u00f3ide), \u00abfey echofan\u00bb (duilleoga t\u00e9ite ar n\u00f3s sins\u00e9ir n\u00f3 piobair) agus \u00abfey lougawou\u00bb (duilleoga r\u00fanda le br\u00ed dheasghn\u00e1tha ar leith).<\/p><p>Freagra\u00edonn an rang\u00fa seo go p\u00e1irteach do leigheas d\u00fachasach Chreole, agus go p\u00e1irteach do pharmacola\u00edocht Loko f\u00e9inli\u00farach, nach dtuigeann go hioml\u00e1n ach Houngans agus Mambos. L\u00e9irigh Manuel Ortiz i staid\u00e9ir chompar\u00e1ideacha idir traidisi\u00fain planda\u00ed \u00edocshl\u00e1inte na hAi\u00edt\u00ed agus Ch\u00faba comhthreomhaireachta\u00ed strucht\u00faracha a thugann le fios go bhfuil bun\u00fas comhchoiteann Iarthar na hAfraice ann.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b135e1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1b135e1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d13af6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9d13af6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ayizan agus an Margadh mar \u00c1it Reiligi\u00fanach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ee96c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ee96c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00e1 tuilleadh anail\u00edse teola\u00edochta tuillte ag Ayizan, bean ch\u00e9ile Loko. Tugtar \u00f3m\u00f3s di mar chaomhn\u00f3ir na marga\u00ed, feidhm a bhfuil ardst\u00e1das ag baint l\u00e9i i gcomhth\u00e9acs Iarthar na hAfraice: n\u00edl an margadh ina \u00e1it eacnama\u00edoch amh\u00e1in, ach ina l\u00e1thair sacr\u00e1lta freisin, \u00e1it ina r\u00e9it\u00edtear coimhlint\u00ed s\u00f3isialta agus ina bhfuil na Loa i l\u00e1thair go poibl\u00ed.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Rinne Suzanne Preston Blier at\u00f3g\u00e1il ar bhr\u00ed reiligi\u00fanach marga\u00ed na bpobal Fon ina saothar \u00abAfrican Vodun\u00bb (Chicago 1995), agus l\u00e9irigh s\u00ed gur bh\u00ed r\u00f3l l\u00e1rnach ag an bandia margaidh in ord s\u00f3isialta Dahomey.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>In Haiti, l\u00e9ir\u00edtear Ayizan sna deasghn\u00e1tha i bhfoirm duilleoga pailme scafa, a chrochtar sa Hounfor agus a chomhartha\u00edonn glaine dheasghn\u00e1ch na h\u00e1ite. Le linn na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Aistri\u00fa deasghn\u00e1ch tr\u00edna nglactar duine isteach i st\u00e1das nua n\u00f3 i bpobal nua.\" tabindex=\"0\">tionscnaimh<\/span> Kanzo, fillear an tionscna\u00ed sna duilleoga pailme, rud a mheastar mar bhreith shiombalach faoi choimirce Ayizan.<\/p><p>Rinne Karen McCarthy Brown cur s\u00edos ar an \u00f3c\u00e1id seo mar \u00aban dara breith\u00bb, agus l\u00e9irigh s\u00ed conas a chumra\u00edonn Ayizan agus Loko le ch\u00e9ile an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Aistri\u00fa deasghn\u00e1ch tr\u00edna nglactar duine isteach i st\u00e1das nua n\u00f3 i bpobal nua.\" tabindex=\"0\">tionscnamh<\/span> mar aistri\u00fa deasghn\u00e1ch. Rinne Joan Dayan, ina saothar \u00abHaiti, History, and the Gods\u00bb, anail\u00eds ar bhr\u00ed inscne-pholaiti\u00fail an ch\u00fapla teagasc\u00f3ra Loko-Ayizan, a dhaingn\u00edonn i dtraidisi\u00fan Haiti comhst\u00e1das na spiorad\u00e1ltachta fireanna agus baininne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb7e455 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fb7e455\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e8da17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8e8da17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Foins\u00ed agus litr\u00edocht<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37bc028 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37bc028\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>Litr\u00edocht th\u00e1naisteach:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Alfred M\u00e9traux, \u00abLe vaudou ha\u00eftien\u00bb (Paris 1958).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Karen McCarthy Brown, \u00abMama Lola\u00bb (Berkeley 1991), go h\u00e1irithe maidir leis an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Aistri\u00fa deasghn\u00e1ch tr\u00edna nglactar duine isteach i st\u00e1das nua n\u00f3 i bpobal nua.\" tabindex=\"0\">tionscnamh<\/span> Kanzo agus teagasc Loko.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span data-nosnippet>Maidir le traidisi\u00fan na luibheanna leigheasta: Wade Davis, \u00abThe Serpent and the Rainbow\u00bb (New York 1985) agus \u00abPassage of Darkness\u00bb (Chapel Hill 1988); Michel-\u00c9tienne Descourtilz, \u00abFlore m\u00e9dicale des Antilles\u00bb (Paris 1809); Ars\u00e8ne Pierre-No\u00ebl, \u00abLes plantes et les l\u00e9gumes d&#8217;Ha\u00efti qui gu\u00e9rissent\u00bb (Port-au-Prince 1959); Timothy Plowman agus Wade Davis, \u00abFolk medicine and drug practices in Haiti\u00bb (Cambridge MA 1989).<\/span><\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Maidir le traidisi\u00fan Iroko\/Loko in Iarthar na hAfraice: Robert Farris Thompson, \u00abFlash of the Spirit\u00bb (New York 1983); Suzanne Preston Blier, \u00abAfrican Vodun: Art, Psychology, and Power\u00bb (Chicago 1995); Sandra T. Barnes (eag.), \u00abAfrica&#8217;s Ogun\u00bb (Bloomington 1989, 1997), aiste le Henry Drewal ar thraidisi\u00fan Iroko.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Saothair chaighde\u00e1nacha eile sa <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/litriocht\/\">Liosta Tagartha<\/a>.<\/span><\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3282,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Loko","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Loko \u2013 Loa na lusanna \u00edce agus na gcrann sa Vodou","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Is \u00e9 Papa Loko an Loa a bhaineann le lusanna \u00edce, crainn agus tionscnamh na leigheas\u00f3ir\u00ed sa Vodou: coime\u00e1da\u00ed crainn mahagaine agus mapou. Miotas agus cultas.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-188653","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Loko \u2013 Loa na lusanna \u00edce agus na gcrann sa Vodou<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Is \u00e9 Papa Loko an Loa a bhaineann le lusanna \u00edce, crainn agus tionscnamh na leigheas\u00f3ir\u00ed sa Vodou: coime\u00e1da\u00ed crainn mahagaine agus mapou. 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