{"id":188587,"date":"2026-09-07T03:36:43","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T03:36:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=188587"},"modified":"2026-09-07T03:39:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T03:39:33","slug":"atum","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/atum\/","title":{"rendered":"Atum"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"188587\" class=\"elementor elementor-188587 elementor-2994 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9c39ef e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b9c39ef\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46b50b3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46b50b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec779fe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ec779fe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bf506e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1bf506e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Atum, dia cruthaitheach \u00c9igipteach Heliopolis<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f70063 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9f70063\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is dia cruthaitheach \u00c9igipteach \u00e9 Atum, d\u00e1r raibh a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Comhioml\u00e1n na ngn\u00edomhartha reiligi\u00fanda adhartha a dh\u00e9antar do dhiadhacht n\u00f3 do fhigi\u00far naofa.\" tabindex=\"0\">chult<\/span> lonnaithe i Heliopolis agus a sheasann ag bun Naon\u00fair na cathrach sin. Meastar Atum, sa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Comhioml\u00e1n na nd\u00e9ithe i reiligi\u00fan n\u00f3 cult\u00far.\" tabindex=\"0\">phainteon<\/span> \u00e1rsa \u00c9igipteach, mar dhia cruthaitheach Heliopolis, a nocht amach \u00f3n uisce bunaidh Nun agus a ghin, uaidh f\u00e9in, an d\u00e1 dhia ba th\u00faisce, Shu agus Tefnut.<\/p><p>De ghn\u00e1th aistr\u00edtear a ainm mar \u00aban tIoml\u00e1n\u00bb, \u00aban Comhl\u00e1naithe\u00bb n\u00f3 \u00aban Duine a d&#8217;ioml\u00e1naigh \u00e9 f\u00e9in\u00bb; ag an am c\u00e9anna, is f\u00e9idir leis a chiall\u00fa \u00aban Neamhbheith\u00bb, \u00f3s rud \u00e9 gur f\u00e9idir leis an bhriathar \u00abtem\u00bb comhl\u00e1n\u00fa agus s\u00e9anadh araon a l\u00e9iri\u00fa.<\/p><p>L\u00e9ir\u00edonn an d\u00e9bhr\u00edocht sh\u00e9imeantach seo seasamh diagacht\u00fail Atum: is \u00e9 sin a bh\u00ed ann roimh an chruth\u00fa agus is \u00e9 a bheidh ann tar \u00e9is an chruthaithe, an t\u00fas agus an chr\u00edoch de thimthriall an chosmais.<\/p><p>C\u00e9 gur ghlac Amun-Re an pr\u00edomh\u00e1it dhiagacht\u00fail sa R\u00edocht L\u00e1rnach agus sa R\u00edocht Nua, coime\u00e1dann Atum a fheidhm chosmag\u00f3nach agus a phr\u00f3if\u00edl ar leith mar chruthaitheoir tr\u00ed fh\u00e9in-l\u00e1mhchleasa\u00edocht n\u00f3 f\u00e9in-labhairt, ceann de na coincheapa is sine agus is caolch\u00fais\u00ed i stair na reiligi\u00fan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e442eee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e442eee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a6f0a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"3a6f0a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Dia \/ Bandia: Cumhacht uachtarach phearsanaithe i bpanteon cult\u00fair, le freagrachta\u00ed soil\u00e9ire \u2014 f\u00f3rsa\u00ed n\u00e1d\u00fartha, cinni\u00faint, cogadh, torth\u00falacht. \u00d3m\u00f3s a thabhairt d\u00f3 tr\u00ed chultas, \u00edobairt\u00ed agus institi\u00faid\u00ed teampaill.\">Dia<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/an-eigipt\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Miteola\u00edocht Ghleann na N\u00edle \u00e1rsa, \u00f3 thart ar 3000 R.Ch. go 30 R.Ch.\">An \u00c9igipt<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8373406 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8373406\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92ddae4 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"92ddae4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e9fb63f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_aegypten_atum-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-190284\" alt=\"Atum - D\u00e9ithe \u00f3n traidisi\u00fan \u00c9igipteach, l\u00e9iritheach \u00f3 thaobh na staire\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_aegypten_atum-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_aegypten_atum-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_aegypten_atum-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_aegypten_atum.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-883c3bc e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"883c3bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a66878f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a66878f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a036d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8a036d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Miotas agus Ginealach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95f1797 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"95f1797\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cuireann cosmag\u00f3in Heliopolis Atum ag t\u00fas Naon\u00fair na Nd\u00e9ithe (an Enne\u00e1d). \u00d3n uisce bunaidh Nun, a bh\u00ed ann roimh am agus foirm, nochtann Atum ar an gcnoc bunaidh (Tatenen), an ch\u00e9ad phointe daingean sa ch\u00edos.<\/p><p>Ar an chnoc seo cuireann Atum an cruth\u00fa i gcr\u00edch: sna T\u00e9acsanna Pirimide (Aithris 527), crutha\u00edonn s\u00e9 Shu agus Tefnut lena sh\u00edol, a scaoileann s\u00e9 lena l\u00e1mh f\u00e9in n\u00f3 a ghlacann s\u00e9 i bhfoirm a bhandia l\u00e1mhach f\u00e9in \u00abHethemut\u00bb.<\/p><p>I leagan eile (T\u00e9acsanna Pirimide, Aithris 600), crutha\u00edonn Atum na ch\u00e9ad dh\u00e9ithe tr\u00ed shraoth: shraoth s\u00e9 Shu (an aer) amach, agus chuir s\u00e9 Tefnut (an taise) amach le seile. T\u00e1 an d\u00e1 leagan ann taobh le taobh gan iarracht \u00f3n <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An teagasc eola\u00edoch faoi Dhia agus faoi chreideamh reiligi\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">diagacht<\/span> \u00c9igipteach iad a chomhchuibhi\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d3 Shu agus Tefnut tagann Geb (an talamh) agus Nut (an sp\u00e9ir) ar an saol; \u00f3na gcumann tagann Osiris, Isis, Seth, Nephthys agus, i roinnt liosta\u00ed, Horus an Sean-Duine. D\u00e1 bhr\u00ed sin, is \u00e9 Atum sinsear ginealais fhormh\u00f3r na nd\u00e9ithe t\u00e1bhachtacha \u00c9igipteacha.<\/p><p>Cuims\u00edonn an Enne\u00e1d Heliopolis (gr\u00fapa Naon\u00fair na Nd\u00e9ithe) Atum, Shu, Tefnut, Geb, Nut, Osiris, Isis, Seth agus Nephthys; is \u00e9 an bonn diagacht\u00fail bun\u00fasach \u00e9 don <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An teagasc eola\u00edoch faoi Dhia agus faoi chreideamh reiligi\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">diagacht<\/span> Heliopolis.<\/p><p>Ba ch\u00f3ir sraith na nd\u00e9ithe a l\u00e9amh n\u00ed amh\u00e1in go ginealasach ach go cosmach freisin: nochtann s\u00ed an cruth\u00fa \u00f3 fh\u00e9ini\u00falacht \u00edon Atum, tr\u00ed na f\u00f3rsa\u00ed bun\u00fasacha n\u00e1d\u00fartha, go dt\u00ed na figi\u00fair\u00ed d\u00e9 a mh\u00fanlaigh domhan na daoine.<\/p>\n<p>Is suntasach \u00ed f\u00e9infh\u00f3irsteanacht Atum sa traidisi\u00fan is sine. Murab ionann le d\u00e9ithe cruthaitheacha eile, n\u00ed g\u00e1 do Atum comhph\u00e1irt\u00ed n\u00e1 \u00e1bhar r\u00e9amhbhunaithe; crutha\u00edonn s\u00e9 an domhan as f\u00e9in.<\/p><p>Cuirtear an smaoineamh seo i bhfeidhm go feals\u00fanach sa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An teagasc eola\u00edoch faoi Dhia agus faoi chreideamh reiligi\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">diagacht<\/span> n\u00edos d\u00e9ana\u00ed: tugann iomainn Atum \u00f3n R\u00edocht Nua air mar an duine a \u00abrinne \u00e9 f\u00e9in\u00bb, a \u00abd&#8217;eascair as \u00e9 f\u00e9in\u00bb (kheper-djesef). M\u00fanla\u00edonn an l\u00e9amh seo tuairim\u00edocht dhiagacht\u00fail na Deireanachta agus t\u00e9ann s\u00ed i bhfeidhm ar smaointe Gn\u00f3iseach Cr\u00edosta\u00ed faoin fh\u00e9in-ghinteoir freisin.<\/p>\n<p>San fhoirm d\u00e9 chomhaontaithe Atum-Re, feictear Atum mar ghn\u00e9 den dia gr\u00e9ine, go sonrach mar an ghrian tr\u00e1thn\u00f3na a bh\u00edonn ag dul faoi (i gcompar\u00e1id le Khepri mar an ghrian ag \u00e9ir\u00ed agus Re mar an ghrian ag me\u00e1n lae).<\/p><p>Cuireann an tr\u00ed-roinnt seo de thimthriall na gr\u00e9ine, a phl\u00e9itear go mion i litanaithe gr\u00e9ine na R\u00edochta Nua, Atum ina dhia ar chr\u00edoch an timthrialla chosmaigh, a iompra\u00edonn ann f\u00e9in an t\u00fas nua ag an am c\u00e9anna. Aithnigh na Pharaonna iad f\u00e9in le Atum go h\u00e1irithe san bh\u00e1s, mar go raibh s\u00e9 ina l\u00e9iri\u00fa ar an aistri\u00fa \u00f3 lu\u00ed gr\u00e9ine an tsaoil seo go hathbheirt an tsaoil eile.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f33afe9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f33afe9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd5bf22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fd5bf22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comhartha\u00ed, \u00cdosl\u00f3grafa\u00edocht agus Air\u00edonna<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a29c4e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a29c4e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u00e9ir\u00edtear Atum de ghn\u00e1th mar fhear a chaitheann an Cor\u00f3in Dh\u00fabailte (pschent), a shiombala\u00edonn aont\u00fa na \u00c9igipte Uachtara\u00ed agus na \u00c9igipte \u00cdochtara\u00ed. Is air\u00ed r\u00edoga \u00e9 an chor\u00f3in seo, agus l\u00e9ir\u00edonn s\u00e9 feidhm Atum mar R\u00edprimeach agus sinsear na ndl\u00edsteanachta\u00ed far\u00f3anacha.<\/p><p>F\u00e9adfar \u00e9 a l\u00e9iri\u00fa freisin le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An chiar\u00f3g fhealltach mar shiombail \u00e1rsa \u00c9igipteach ar an nuathionscnamh agus an athnuachan.\" tabindex=\"0\">Scarabaeus<\/span> ar a cheann, leis an diosca gr\u00e9ine, n\u00f3 leis an Cor\u00f3in Atef. Sa fhoirm antrap\u00f3morfach, b\u00edonn a aghaidh gan f\u00e9as\u00f3g agus \u00f3igeanta de ghn\u00e1th, rud a chuireann i gcodarsnacht leis an tuiscint ar an Atum \u00absean\u00bb, a chuir grian an tr\u00e1thn\u00f3na i bhfeidhm.<\/p>\n<p>Is \u00e9 an nathair an ainmh\u00ed naofa a bhaineann leis. Sa Leabhar na Marbh (Sliocht 175), deir Atum: \u00abCuirfidh m\u00e9 an domhan ar ais isteach san uisce bun\u00fasach, agus n\u00ed bheidh ach mise agus Oisiris f\u00e1gtha, mar dh\u00e1 nathair nach bhfuil aithne ag duine n\u00e1 dia orthu\u00bb.<\/p><p>Cuireann an fh\u00eds eiseaml\u00e1sach seo an nathair i l\u00e1thair mar <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Comhartha a sheasann in ionad smaoineamh n\u00f3 br\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">shiombail<\/span> na buncheirte nach bhfuil idirdhealaithe. Ina theannta sin, is ainmh\u00ed naofa \u00e9 an Ichneumon (francach Fharaonach), toisc go mara\u00edonn s\u00e9 na nathracha a l\u00e9ir\u00edonn bagairt\u00ed de chine\u00e1l Apophis.<\/p>\n<p>Is \u00e9 an cloch Benben in Heliopolis siombail phr\u00edomha chreidimh Atum, cloch phirimide n\u00f3 ch\u00f3n\u00fail a l\u00e9irigh an chnoc bun\u00fasach.<\/p><p>\u00d3n Benben a d&#8217;eascair foirm phirimide n\u00edos d\u00e9ana\u00ed uaigheanna na r\u00edthe agus na oibilisc\u00ed; is \u00e9 gach pirimidean (barr pirimide) go siombalach cloch Benben, a l\u00e9ir\u00edonn an dul in airde chuig na flaithis agus an teagmh\u00e1il le Atum-Re. Sonra\u00edodh Heliopolis f\u00e9in i scr\u00edbhneoireacht hieroglyphic le comhartha an Benben.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e1 saothair eala\u00edne plastaice de Atum tagtha sl\u00e1n \u00f3 gach tr\u00e9imhse den reiligi\u00fan \u00c9igipteach. \u00d3n R\u00edocht Nua t\u00e1 dealbh chl\u00faiteach chuartsach de Tutankhamun ann, ina l\u00e9ir\u00edtear an r\u00ed \u00f3g le Cor\u00f3in Atum; \u00f3n Tr\u00e9imhse Dh\u00e9anach t\u00e1 go leor dealbh pr\u00e1inseach beag de Atum tagtha sl\u00e1n.<\/p><p>Ar bhalla\u00ed na teampall \u00f3 thr\u00e9imhse Ramessid, go h\u00e1irithe i Karnak agus Abydos, l\u00e9ir\u00edtear Atum go rialta i sraitheanna na d\u00e9ithe a chuireann cor\u00f3in ar an r\u00ed n\u00f3 a thugann comhartha na beatha \u00abAnkh\u00bb d\u00f3. In Deir el-Bahari, chuir Hatshepsut cl\u00e1r \u00edomh\u00e1ineachta suntasach le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ioml\u00e1ine na ngn\u00edomhartha adhartha reiligi\u00fanda do dhiadhacht n\u00f3 do fhigi\u00far naofa.\" tabindex=\"0\">chultas<\/span> Atum-Re, a dhlisteanaigh a cruth\u00fa f\u00e9in tr\u00ed Amun-Atum.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f518c57 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f518c57\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93f90a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"93f90a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cultas agus adhradh<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-386b226 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"386b226\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bh\u00ed Heliopolis (Iunu san \u00c9igipteach, a chialla\u00edonn \u00abCathair na gCol\u00fan\u00bb n\u00f3 \u00abCathair na gCol\u00fanad\u00bb) ina l\u00e1rionad pr\u00edomha creidimh do Atum. Bh\u00ed an chathair suite thart ar dheich gcilim\u00e9adar \u00f3 thuaidh-oirthear \u00f3 Cairo an lae inniu, agus bh\u00ed s\u00ed, \u00f3n uair a rinneadh aont\u00fa na \u00c9igipte, ar cheann de na cathracha ba th\u00e1bhachta\u00ed \u00f3 thaobh diagachta sa t\u00edr.<\/p><p>Anseo a bh\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Foirgneamh a fheidhm\u00edonn le haghaidh adhradh dia amh\u00e1in n\u00f3 n\u00edos m\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teampall<\/span> m\u00f3r Atum-Re, leis an gcloch Benben, an crann naofa Persea, agus an bharc gr\u00e9ine, a rianaigh \u00e9ir\u00ed agus dul faoi laeth\u00fail na gr\u00e9ine. Bh\u00ed sagartacht Heliopolis, faoi cheannas an Ard-Sagairt (d\u00e1 dtugtar \u00abM\u00f3r na L\u00e9argas\u00bb), ina sagartacht ba l\u00e9annta i reiligi\u00fan na \u00c9igipte; bh\u00ed tionchar ag a machnaimh dhiagachta ar an t\u00edr ioml\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>Sa deasghn\u00e1th laeth\u00fail i dteampall Atum, tharla \u00abm\u00fascailt\u00bb \u00edomh\u00e1 an d\u00e9 ar maidin tr\u00ed th\u00fais, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Doirteadh leachta mar \u00edobairt \u00f3il do dhiadhacht.\" tabindex=\"0\">leacht-\u00edobairt<\/span> agus aithris hiomann. I gcaitheamh an lae, tugadh na hofr\u00e1lacha bia laeth\u00fala; tr\u00e1thn\u00f3na, cuireadh \u00edomh\u00e1 an d\u00e9 chun sosa go <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A bhaineann le seicheamh gn\u00edmh reiligi\u00fanach socraithe.\" tabindex=\"0\">deasghn\u00e1thach<\/span> agus s\u00e9ala\u00edodh an sanct\u00f3ir.<\/p><p>Ag f\u00e9ilte speisialta, mar shampla ag com\u00f3radh r\u00edoga (F\u00e9ile Sed) agus ag F\u00e9ile na Bliana Nua, baineadh \u00edomh\u00e1 Atum as an sanct\u00f3ir agus tugadh \u00ed tr\u00ed chl\u00f3sanna an teampaill i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Par\u00e1id reiligi\u00fanach soll\u00fanta.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00f3rshi\u00fal<\/span>. Bh\u00ed na m\u00f3rshi\u00falta seo poibl\u00ed agus thug siad deis do dhaonra na cathrach p\u00e1irt a ghlacadh sa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ioml\u00e1ine na ngn\u00edomhartha adhartha reiligi\u00fanda do dhiadhacht n\u00f3 do fhigi\u00far naofa.\" tabindex=\"0\">chultas<\/span>, a bh\u00ed faoi rial\u00fa na sagartachta go hiond\u00fail.<\/p>\n<p>Ba \u00e9 F\u00e9ile \u00abWepet-Renpet\u00bb, an Bhliain Nua, an fh\u00e9ile Atum ba th\u00e1bhachta\u00ed, a mharc\u00e1il t\u00fas tuile na N\u00edle. Fuair Atum na hofr\u00e1lacha c\u00e9adtortha\u00ed ar o\u00edche roimh an mbliain nua, mar mar chruthaitheoir, bh\u00ed s\u00e9 freisin ina neach a rinne athnuachan ar an timthriall bliant\u00fail.<\/p><p>Cuireann inscr\u00edbhinn\u00ed i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Foirgneamh a fheidhm\u00edonn le haghaidh adhradh dia amh\u00e1in n\u00f3 n\u00edos m\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">theampall<\/span> Karnak agus i dteampaill sochraide \u00f3 thr\u00e9imhse Ramessid na deasghn\u00e1tha seo i l\u00e1thair go mion. Sa \u00ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Seicheamh rialaithe gn\u00edomhartha siombalacha le br\u00ed reiligi\u00fanach n\u00f3 cult\u00fartha.\" tabindex=\"0\">deasghn\u00e1th<\/span> an r\u00ed \u00f3 l\u00e1mh Atum\u00bb (Papyrus Berlin 3055) tugtar an seicheamh liot\u00fairgeach ina ioml\u00e1ine; b&#8217;ea a d&#8217;fh\u00f3in an tsamhail seo don Fhorainn mar mh\u00fanla ar a dheasghn\u00e1th teampaill laeth\u00fail f\u00e9in.<\/p>\n<p>Lasmuigh de Heliopolis, bh\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ioml\u00e1ine na ngn\u00edomhartha adhartha reiligi\u00fanda do dhiadhacht n\u00f3 do fhigi\u00far naofa.\" tabindex=\"0\">cultas<\/span> Atum i l\u00e1thair in \u00e1iteanna go leor, ach beagnach i gach c\u00e1s mar ghn\u00e9 de dh\u00e9ithe eile m\u00f3ra. I Thebes, adhradh Amun-Atum, agus i Karnak, cuireadh an Ennead ioml\u00e1n, Atum san \u00e1ireamh, isteach i bhf\u00e9ilire na bhf\u00e9ilte. I Memphis, bh\u00ed Ptah-Atum ina nasc diagachta t\u00e1bhachtach, a chomhcheangail coincheap Ptah-mar-intinn le coincheap Atum-mar-neamhsple\u00e1chas f\u00e9in.<\/p><p>L\u00e9ir\u00edonn an t\u00e9acs c\u00e1ili\u00fail \u00ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An teagasc eola\u00edocht\u00fail faoi Dhia agus faoi chreideamh reiligi\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">Diagacht<\/span> Mheimf\u00edseach\u00bb (ar Chloch Shabaka, i Londain sa l\u00e1 at\u00e1 inniu ann) an mhachnamh diagachta gur bhain Ptah amach, tr\u00ed intinn agus briathar, gach a raibh bainte amach ag Atum tr\u00edna s\u00edol; leagan feals\u00fanta ard-ch\u00e9ime den diagacht chruthaithe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-049a490 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"049a490\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57bb878 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"57bb878\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Naomhth\u00e9igh agus teampaill th\u00e1bhachtacha<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76f48b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76f48b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bh\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Foirgneamh a chaitear le adhradh dia n\u00f3 d\u00e9ithe amh\u00e1in n\u00f3 n\u00edos m\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teampall<\/span> Atum-Re i Heliopolis ar cheann de na foirgnimh naofa is m\u00f3 san \u00c9igipt, ach is beag rud a mhaireann de. Tr\u00e9igeadh an chathair sa r\u00e9 R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach agus baineadh \u00fas\u00e1id aisti sa Mhe\u00e1naois mar chair\u00e9al chun an Chairo in aice l\u00e1ithe a th\u00f3g\u00e1il; n\u00edor mhair ach roinnt oibilisc\u00ed (Sesostris I i Mataria) agus iarsma\u00ed de bhalla\u00ed an teampaill.<\/p><p>D\u00e9anann Strab\u00f3n (XVII, 1, 27\u201330) cur s\u00edos ar a chuairt ar Heliopolis sa ch\u00e9ad haois roimh Chr\u00edost agus tugann s\u00e9 tuairisc ghonta ar an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Foirgneamh a chaitear le adhradh dia n\u00f3 d\u00e9ithe amh\u00e1in n\u00f3 n\u00edos m\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teampall<\/span>; faoin am sin bh\u00ed an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c1it naofa a bh\u00ed tiomnaithe d'adhradh d\u00e9.\" tabindex=\"0\">tearmann<\/span> tr\u00e9igthe cheana f\u00e9in, ach f\u00f3s le feice\u00e1il.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e1 s\u00e9ip\u00e9il th\u00e1bhachtacha Atum le f\u00e1il i Karnak (i gc\u00fairt theampall Amun), i dteampall sochraide Hatshepsut ag Deir el-Bahari, i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Foirgneamh a chaitear le adhradh dia n\u00f3 d\u00e9ithe amh\u00e1in n\u00f3 n\u00edos m\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teampall<\/span> Ramesses II ag Abydos agus i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Foirgneamh a chaitear le adhradh dia n\u00f3 d\u00e9ithe amh\u00e1in n\u00f3 n\u00edos m\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teampall<\/span> Fh\u00e9ile Sed Amenhotep III ag Malkata.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 s\u00e9ip\u00e9il Atum ag baint leis an chuid is m\u00f3 de theampaill sochraide na dinaisteanna Ramesside ar thaobh thiar Thebes (Ramesseum, Medinet Habu, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Foirgneamh a chaitear le adhradh dia n\u00f3 d\u00e9ithe amh\u00e1in n\u00f3 n\u00edos m\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teampall<\/span> Seti I), \u00e1it a raibh an r\u00ed marbh aontaithe le Atum-Re.<\/p>\n<p>Ag Abu Simbel, t\u00e1 Atum ar cheann de na ceithre phr\u00edomhdhia sa teampall m\u00f3r (Amun-Re, Re-Harakhty, Ptah, agus Ramesses II \u00e9 f\u00e9in); is cuid \u00e9 Atum den ap\u00f3theosas r\u00edoga anseo. Ag Deir el-Medina, sr\u00e1idbhaile na saoiste a d&#8217;oibrigh ar thuama\u00ed r\u00edoga, t\u00e1 scr\u00ednte beaga pr\u00edobh\u00e1ideacha ann inar iarradh ar Atum-Re i dteannta Amun agus Ptah.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 tearmainn Atum i bhF\u00e1sach na L\u00edbia (Bahariya, Kharga, Dakhla) doicim\u00e9adaithe sa r\u00e9 dh\u00e9anach. I <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Foirgneamh a chaitear le adhradh dia n\u00f3 d\u00e9ithe amh\u00e1in n\u00f3 n\u00edos m\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teampall<\/span> Hibis in \u00f3sais Kharga, t\u00e1 Atum le feice\u00e1il go feice\u00e1lach mar chuid de na cl\u00e1ir \u00edomh\u00e1nna diagachta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4a3fcf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f4a3fcf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf69d58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bf69d58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sc\u00e9alta miotasacha<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cfda27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8cfda27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is \u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi dh\u00e9ithe, faoi bhun\u00fas agus faoi ord an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">miotas<\/span> l\u00e1rnach Atum a fh\u00e9inchruth\u00fa. Sna T\u00e9acsanna Pirimide (Sliocht 527 agus 600), ins\u00edtear an sc\u00e9al in dh\u00e1 leagan. Sa ch\u00e9ad leagan, asta\u00edonn Atum a sh\u00edol ina l\u00e1mh f\u00e9in, ina aonar ar an gcnoc bunaidh, l\u00e1mh a phearsanta\u00edtear mar an bandia Hethemut n\u00f3 Iusaas; \u00f3 sm\u00e1l an ts\u00edl seo tagann Shu agus Tefnut ar an saol.<\/p><p>Sa dara leagan, caitheann Atum an d\u00e1 dhia amach, agus is inchloiste an chluiche focal \u00c9igipteach idir \u00absceith\u00bb (techech) agus Tefnut n\u00f3 \u00absraothartach\u00bb (ischesch) agus Shu; is d\u00f3 a thugtar na d\u00e9ithe ar an saol tr\u00ed fhuaimshamhail \u00f3 na briathra. L\u00e9ir\u00edonn an d\u00e1 leagan an tuiscint \u00c9igipteach go bhfuil an chrutha\u00edocht ina gn\u00edomh coirp, n\u00ed pr\u00f3iseas teib\u00ed, intinne.<\/p>\n<p>Ins\u00edonn sc\u00e9al eile faoi chuardach Atum ar a chlann a bh\u00ed caillte, Shu agus Tefnut. I r\u00e9 mhiotasach fad\u00f3, d&#8217;imigh an d\u00e1 dhia ar strae in Nun, an t-uisce bunaidh; chuir Atum a sh\u00fail f\u00e9in (S\u00fail an R\u00e9 n\u00f3 S\u00fail an Ureh) amach \u00e1 lorg. Fad a bh\u00ed an ts\u00fail ar iarraidh, chruthaigh Atum s\u00fail nua d\u00f3 f\u00e9in.<\/p><p>Nuair a d&#8217;fhill an tseans\u00fail ar ais leis an chlann a fuair s\u00ed, fuair s\u00ed an ts\u00fail nua ina h\u00e1it f\u00e9in agus th\u00e1inig fraoch feirge uirthi. Chi\u00fanaigh Atum an ts\u00fail tr\u00edna cur mar nathair uraeus ar a chl\u00e1r \u00e9adain; \u00f3 dheora na s\u00faile th\u00e1inig na daoine ba luaithe ar an saol.<\/p><p>An sc\u00e9al miotasach seo, at\u00e1 le f\u00e1il in a l\u00e1n t\u00e9acsanna d\u00e9anach, buna\u00edonn an nasc idir s\u00fail na d\u00e9 agus an nathair uraeus agus l\u00e9ir\u00edonn s\u00e9 chomh maith bun\u00fas an chine dhaonna.<\/p>\n<p>Sa Leabhar na Marbh (Sliocht 175), t\u00e1 f\u00edse eiseasach: f\u00f3gra\u00edonn Atum go bhfillfidh an domhan cruthaithe ar ais go Nun, an t-uisce bunaidh, tar \u00e9is aoiseanna fada; n\u00ed fhanfaidh ach Atum f\u00e9in agus Osiris i bhfoirm nathrach.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 t\u00e1bhacht \u00f3 thaobh staire na reiligi\u00fan ag baint leis an tuiscint seo ar fhilleadh timthriallach eiseasach an domhain isteach sa chaos, agus t\u00e1 gaol strucht\u00farach aici leis an choincheap Hiond\u00fach Pralaya agus le tuiscint\u00ed apacailipteacha n\u00edos d\u00e9ana\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Sa timthriall gr\u00e9ine laeth\u00fail, glacann Atum r\u00f3l na gr\u00e9ine tr\u00e1thn\u00f3na. Le a dhul isteach san fhoworld, tosa\u00edonn an turas o\u00edche ag b\u00e1rc na gr\u00e9ine, a thrasna\u00edonn r\u00edocht na marbh in dh\u00e1 uair d\u00e9ag de rann\u00f3ga uaire.<\/p><p>D\u00e9antar cur s\u00edos mionsonraithe ar an turas seo sna \u00abLeabhair Doras\u00bb agus san \u00abAmduat\u00bb (an \u00abLeabhar a bhaineann leis an rud at\u00e1 san fhoworld\u00bb). T\u00e9ann Atum, mar sheanfhear le maide agus droim cromtha, isteach sa bh\u00e1rc agus tugtar \u00e9 tr\u00edd an o\u00edche go dt\u00ed a ais\u00e9ir\u00ed maidin mar Khepri.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f432fbe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f432fbe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c63116 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4c63116\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Caidrimh sa Phaintheon<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c52982 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4c52982\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00d3 thaobh na gineala\u00ed agus na diagachta de, is \u00e9 Atum sinsear phaint\u00e9on Heliopolis. Le Shu agus Tefnut t\u00e1 caidreamh athair-linbh aige; i leagan amh\u00e1in, is iad a l\u00e1mha f\u00e9in iad, a bhaineann amach a n-existens f\u00e9in.<\/p><p>Le Re crutha\u00edonn s\u00e9 an d\u00e9chruth Atum-Re, ina dtagann grian an tr\u00e1thn\u00f3na agus grian an lae le ch\u00e9ile \u00f3 thaobh na diagachta de. Le Khepri agus Re, tagann tri\u00far-chruth thimthriall na gr\u00e9ine chun cinn: Khepri (grian na maidine), Re (grian an mhe\u00e1n lae), Atum (grian an tr\u00e1thn\u00f3na).<\/p>\n<p>Le Amun i Th\u00e9ibe, cumasctar Atum le hAmun-Atum, cruth a raibh feidhm dhiagacht\u00fail aige le linn na tr\u00e9imhse Raimis\u00edd\u00ed.<\/p><p>Le Ptah i Memphis, t\u00e1 caidreamh feals\u00fanachta ann sa \u00abDiagacht Mheimf\u00edseach\u00bb: smaoin\u00edonn agus labhra\u00edonn Ptah an rud a chuireann Atum i gcr\u00edch ansin go cruthaitheach; sa l\u00e9amh seo is \u00e9 Atum an gn\u00e9 fhorghn\u00edomhaitheach de chruth\u00fa a cheap Ptah. Le Khnum in Esna t\u00e1 comhl\u00e1ntacht chos\u00fail ann; m\u00fanla\u00edonn Khnum na neacha beo, agus tugann Atum ann iad.<\/p>\n<p>Le Ois\u00edris t\u00e1 caidreamh eiseacht\u00fail ag Atum, a chuirtear in i\u00fal i Leabhar na Marbh: cuirtear an bheirt i l\u00e1thair mar an t-aon dhia amh\u00e1in a mhaireann ag deireadh an domhain, i gcruth nathrach. F\u00e1gann an ch\u00f3ime\u00e1il seo gurb \u00e9 Atum dia th\u00fas agus dheireadh an chosmais, agus gurb \u00e9 Ois\u00edris dia fhlaitheas an tsaoil eile.<\/p><p>Leis an r\u00ed (an Phar\u00f3) t\u00e1 caidreamh ar leith ann: le linn a chor\u00f3naithe, aithn\u00edtear an Phar\u00f3 le Atum, agus le linn a bh\u00e1is, glactar leis mar Atum-Re i dtimthriall na gr\u00e9ine. Is \u00ed an t-aitheantas deasghn\u00e1tha seo cro\u00edl\u00e1r dhiagacht r\u00edoga na h\u00c9igipte.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa28b21 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aa28b21\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a347e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5a347e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L\u00e9irthuiscint<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a562a54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a562a54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>San <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tr\u00e9imhse de chult\u00far na Gr\u00e9ige agus na R\u00f3imhe, timpeall 800 R.Ch. go dt\u00ed 600 A.D.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00c1rsa\u00edocht<\/span> Ghr\u00e9agach-R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach, ba ghn\u00e1ch Atum a shamhl\u00fa le Helios n\u00f3 Apollon, agus uaireanta le Satarn, toisc gurb \u00e9 Atum \u00aban Seanfhear\u00bb. Pl\u00e9ann Pl\u00fatarc (\u00abDe Iside et Osiride\u00bb 12 agus 73) diagacht Heliopolis agus aithn\u00edonn s\u00e9 Atum leis an \u00abGeron\u00bb Gr\u00e9agach, an seanfhear.<\/p><p>Bhain an Heirm\u00e9atachas Heill\u00e9anach \u00fas\u00e1id as coincheapa Atum ina chuid tuairim\u00edochta faoin \u00abautogenes Theos\u00bb, an \u00abdia f\u00e9in-ghinte\u00bb. M\u00fanla\u00edonn an l\u00e9amh seo an \u00abCorpus Hermeticum\u00bb agus tr\u00edd sin diagacht Chr\u00edosta\u00ed-Ghn\u00f3stach na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tr\u00e9imhse aistrithe idir an tSean-Aois agus na Me\u00e1naoiseanna, timpeall an 3\u00fa go dt\u00ed an 7\u00fa haois.\" tabindex=\"0\">hIar\u00e1rsa\u00edochta<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Le deireadh na cultachta p\u00e1g\u00e1na\u00ed teampaill sa ch\u00faigi\u00fa agus sa s\u00e9\u00fa haois den r\u00e9 Chr\u00edosta\u00ed, th\u00e1inig deireadh le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ioml\u00e1n na ngn\u00edomha\u00edochta\u00ed \u00f3m\u00f3is reiligi\u00fanda do dhia n\u00f3 do phearsa naofa.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> praitici\u00fail Atum. Choinnigh an traidisi\u00fan Coptach \u00e1fach cuid de na coincheapa diagachta, mar shampla an smaoineamh ar dhia f\u00e9in-ghinte, a fheictear i gCr\u00edosteola\u00edocht Choptach-Chr\u00edosta\u00ed.<\/p><p>Sna Me\u00e1naoiseanna, thug taistealaithe Arabacha tuairisc ar iarsma\u00ed tr\u00e9igthe theampall Heliopolis; aistr\u00edodh formh\u00f3r na n-oibilisc\u00ed le himeacht ama go dt\u00ed an R\u00f3imh (an L\u00e1r\u00e1n agus Piazza del Popolo inniu) n\u00f3 go Constantinople.<\/p>\n<p>Tosa\u00edonn athfhionnachtain nua-aimseartha chult Atum le heolaithe Napol\u00e9onacha agus le sainmh\u00edni\u00fa Champollion ar na hiar\u00f3glaif. Sa nao\u00fa haois d\u00e9ag rinne Lepsius doicim\u00e9ad\u00fa ar chl\u00e1ir \u00edomh\u00e1nna Atum; sa fhichi\u00fa haois l\u00e9irigh James Henry Breasted, Henri Frankfort agus Erik Hornung go c\u00f3rasach doimhneacht dhiagacht\u00fail chosmeola\u00edocht Heliopolis.<\/p><p>I dtaighde n\u00edos d\u00e9ana\u00ed Jan Assmann (\u00ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Teagasc eola\u00edoch faoi Dhia agus faoi chreideamh reiligi\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">Diagacht<\/span> agus <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An dearcadh agus an cleachtas reiligi\u00fanda a mhaireann duine ina shaol laeth\u00fail.\" tabindex=\"0\">Diadhacht<\/span>\u00bb, 1984) agus James P. Allen (\u00abGenesis in Egypt\u00bb, 1988), pl\u00e9itear Atum mar fhigi\u00far l\u00e1rnach i \u00abr\u00e9amh-diagacht bhreithe\u00bb na h\u00c9igipte. San <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"T\u00e9arma cuimsitheach do theagasc a mha\u00edonn eolas folaithe at\u00e1 inrochtana ach do na tionscnaithe amh\u00e1in.\" tabindex=\"0\">Esotericism<\/span> nua-aimseartha agus i litr\u00edocht an New Age, feictear Atum mar bhunph\u00e1tr\u00fan \u00abna comhfheasachta f\u00e9in-bheirthe\u00bb, l\u00e9amh at\u00e1 bunaithe ar an traidisi\u00fan heirm\u00e9iteach-gn\u00f3stach.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ac60ea e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0ac60ea\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee7888d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ee7888d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Rang\u00fa L\u00e9ann na Reiligi\u00fan<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7006bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a7006bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Baineann Atum leis an aicme d\u00e9ithe cruthaitheacha a chrutha\u00edonn tr\u00ed f\u00e9in-ghini\u00faint. T\u00e1 an tuairim seo suntasach \u00f3 thaobh stair na reiligi\u00fan de: c\u00e9 go nd\u00e9anann formh\u00f3r na reiligi\u00fan ildiach cur s\u00edos ar an gcruth\u00fa tr\u00ed throid, tr\u00ed aont\u00fa n\u00f3 tr\u00ed obair chearda\u00edochta, t\u00e1 cruthaitheoir ag <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An teagasc eola\u00edocht\u00fail faoi Dhia agus faoi chreideamh reiligi\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">diagacht<\/span> heiliopola\u00edoch na h\u00c9igipte a thagann as f\u00e9in.<\/p><p>Is beag tuairim eile at\u00e1 inchompar\u00e1ide leis: Praj\u0101pati Hiond\u00fach, an Hira\u1e47yagarbha V\u00e9ideach (an \u00abUbh \u00d3rga\u00bb) agus, ar bhealach teoranta, an tAutogenes gn\u00f3iseach freisin.<\/p>\n<p>Bhain machnamh diagachta faoi Atum buaicphoint\u00ed amach go h\u00e1irithe san Am Deireanach. Pl\u00e9ann Iomainn Esna, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An teagasc eola\u00edocht\u00fail faoi Dhia agus faoi chreideamh reiligi\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">diagacht<\/span> Mheimfis agus na hiomainn \u00f3 theampaill Edfu agus Dendara na gn\u00e9ithe paradacs\u00fala den chruthaitheoir: t\u00e1 s\u00e9 san uisce bunaidh agus ina dhiaidh sin eile difri\u00fail uaidh, t\u00e1 s\u00e9 ina aonar agus f\u00f3s ina athair ar Naon\u00far D\u00e9, t\u00e1 s\u00e9 sean agus s\u00edora\u00ed ag an am c\u00e9anna.<\/p><p>F\u00e1gann an doimhneacht fheals\u00fanach seo gurb \u00e9 an d\u00edosp\u00f3ireacht chruthaitheachta \u00c9igipteach ceann de na cinn is sofaistici\u00fala i stair na reiligi\u00fan \u00e1rsa, rud a chuireann smaointeoireacht na h\u00c9igipte ar aon leibh\u00e9al le feals\u00fanacht na Gr\u00e9ige agus na hIndia.<\/p>\n<p>Chonaic Henri Frankfort in Atum an \u00abArd-Dia\u00bb de reiligi\u00fan na h\u00c9igipte, l\u00e9amh a rinne Hornung a mheas\u00fan\u00fa ina dhiaidh sin: n\u00ed h\u00e9 Atum an t-aon dia n\u00f3 an dia is airde, ach l\u00e9iri\u00fa ar an bprionsabal diaga a nochtann \u00e9 f\u00e9in in a l\u00e1n ainmneacha agus foirmeacha. Rinne Jan Assmann anail\u00eds ina leabhar \u00ab\u00c4gypten. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An teagasc eola\u00edocht\u00fail faoi Dhia agus faoi chreideamh reiligi\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">Theologie<\/span> und <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An dearcadh agus an cleachtas reiligi\u00fanach a mhaireann duine.\" tabindex=\"0\">Fr\u00f6mmigkeit<\/span>\u00bb (1984) ar an \u00abDiagacht Nua na Gr\u00e9ine\u00bb sa R\u00edocht Nua, ina gcomhcheangla\u00edtear Atum, Re agus Khepri i dtr\u00ed ghn\u00e9 d&#8217;aon-neach amh\u00e1in gr\u00e9ine; ullmha\u00edonn an l\u00e9amh seo an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An dearcadh agus an cleachtas reiligi\u00fanach a mhaireann duine.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1ifeacht<\/span> mhonalaitreach \u00f3 R\u00e9 Amarna faoi Echnaton, agus t\u00e1 dl\u00fathghaol strucht\u00farach aici leis an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An creideamh in aon Dia amh\u00e1in.\" tabindex=\"0\">aondiachas<\/span> b\u00edobalta n\u00edos d\u00e9ana\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c841e62 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c841e62\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-049c634 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"049c634\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Foins\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8498c51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8498c51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>T\u00e9acsanna Pirimide, Ortha 527 (f\u00e9in-chruth\u00fa), Ortha 600 (Shu agus Tefnut), Ortha 587. T\u00e9acsanna C\u00f3nra\u00ed agus Leabhar na Marbh, go h\u00e1irithe Ortha\u00ed 17, 78 agus 175. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Teagasc eola\u00edoch faoi Dhia agus faoi chreideamh reiligi\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">Diagacht<\/span> Memphiti\u00fail (Cloch Shabaka, M\u00fasaem na Breataine EA 498), eagr\u00e1n James H. Breasted. Inscr\u00edbhinn\u00ed Teampaill Esna, eagr\u00e1n Sauneron. \u00abLeabhar na nGeata\u00ed\u00bb agus \u00abAmduat\u00bb \u00f3 thuama\u00ed r\u00edoga Ghleann na R\u00edthe, eagr\u00e1n Hornung.<\/p><p>Strabo, \u00abGeographika\u00bb XVII, 1, 27 go 30; Pl\u00fatarc, \u00abDe Iside et Osiride\u00bb 12, 73. Henri Frankfort, \u00abKingship and the Gods\u00bb, Chicago 1948. Erik Hornung, \u00abDer Eine und die Vielen\u00bb, Darmstadt 1971. James P. Allen, \u00abGenesis in Egypt.<\/p><p>The Philosophy of Ancient Egyptian Creation Accounts\u00bb, New Haven 1988. Jan Assmann, \u00ab\u00c4gypten. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Teagasc eola\u00edoch faoi Dhia agus faoi chreideamh reiligi\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">Diagacht<\/span> agus <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An dearcadh agus an cleachtas reiligi\u00fain a bh\u00edonn ag duine.\" tabindex=\"0\">Cr\u00e1ifeacht<\/span> einer fr\u00fchen Hochkultur\u00bb, Stuttgart 1984.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3203,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Atum","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Atum \u2013 Dia Cruthaitheach \u00c9igipteach Heliopolis | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Is \u00e9 Atum an dia cruthaitheach \u00c9igipteach \u00f3 Heliopolis, athair Naon\u00fair na Nd\u00e9ithe agus sinsear bunaidh an phainteon.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-188587","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Atum \u2013 Dia Cruthaitheach \u00c9igipteach Heliopolis | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Is \u00e9 Atum an dia cruthaitheach \u00c9igipteach \u00f3 Heliopolis, athair Naon\u00fair na Nd\u00e9ithe agus sinsear bunaidh an phainteon.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/atum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta 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