{"id":188570,"date":"2026-09-07T03:36:42","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T03:36:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=188570"},"modified":"2026-09-07T03:39:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T03:39:33","slug":"utukku-taibhsi-marbh-deamhain","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/utukku-taibhsi-marbh-deamhain\/","title":{"rendered":"Utukku \u2013 Taibhs\u00ed Marbh agus Deamhain an Fho-Shaoil"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Utukku\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Utukku \u2013 taibhs\u00ed marbh agus deamhain an fho-shaoil Mesopotamacha<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Deamhan<\/span>Mesopotaim<\/a>Taibhse Mharbh<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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N\u00ed aonad amh\u00e1in \u00e9 Utukku, ach t\u00e9arma comhchoiteann do rang de bheithigh spiorad\u00e1lta Mesopotamacha. Ghluais siad idir an fo-shaol agus saol na mbeo, meastar gur ba iad ba ch\u00fais le galar agus m\u00ed-\u00e1dh, agus bh\u00ed siad i l\u00e1r litr\u00edocht fhairsing agairt\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Rang\u00fa<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Baineann an t\u00e9arma Utukku le focl\u00f3ir dhiabhaleola\u00edocht Mesopotamach. N\u00ed aon\u00e1n amh\u00e1in, sainmh\u00ednithe go glan, at\u00e1 i gceist ach catag\u00f3ir ioml\u00e1n de bheithigh spiorad\u00e1lta a bh\u00ed l\u00e1rnach i dt\u00e9acsanna Mesopotaim<\/a> ar feadh na gc\u00e9adta bliain.<\/p>

D’fh\u00e9adfadh na Utukku a bheith mail\u00edseach n\u00f3, i gcomhth\u00e9acsanna \u00e1irithe, neodrach n\u00f3 cosantach, ach sa saol reiligi\u00fanach laeth\u00fail bh\u00ed na Utukku dochrach, cont\u00fairteacha faoi chaibidil den chuid is m\u00f3.<\/p>

Bh\u00ed aithne ag saolintinn Mesopotamach ar l\u00edon m\u00f3r ranganna deamhan agus spiorad. In \u00e9ineacht leis na Utukku, bh\u00ed beithigh ann mar na Etemmu, na taibhs\u00ed marbh sa chiall ch\u00fang, chomh maith le gr\u00fapa\u00ed deamhan eile.<\/p>

Bh\u00ed na teorainneacha idir na catag\u00f3ir\u00ed seo doil\u00e9ir, agus n\u00ed bhaineann na t\u00e9acsanna leas as na t\u00e9arma\u00ed i gc\u00f3na\u00ed ar bhealach saini\u00fail. D’fh\u00e9adfa\u00ed na Utukku a thuiscint mar spioraid mharbh nach bhfuair suaimhneas, ach freisin mar chumhachta\u00ed deamhanta neamhsple\u00e1cha gan bun\u00fas daonna.<\/p>

\u00d3 thaobh stair na reiligi\u00fan de, t\u00e1 t\u00e1bhacht ag baint leis na Utukku mar go l\u00e9ir\u00edonn siad tuiscint Mesopotamach ar ghalar, ar mh\u00ed-\u00e1dh agus ar bh\u00e1s. Is annamh a m\u00edn\u00edodh fulaingt mar rud coirp amh\u00e1in, ach mar oibri\u00fa cumhachta\u00ed osn\u00e1d\u00fartha. Bh\u00ed na Utukku i measc na mbeithigh d\u00e1r tugadh a leith\u00e9id d’oibri\u00fa.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Ainm agus Sanasa\u00edocht<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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T\u00e1 an t\u00e9arma deimhnithe sa tSuim\u00e9iris mar udug<\/em>, agus glacadh leis san Acadaic mar Utukku. N\u00ed l\u00e9ir go cinnte cad \u00e9 bunbhr\u00ed an fhocail Shuim\u00e9iris. Sainmh\u00edn\u00edonn s\u00e9 go ginear\u00e1lta beith spiorad\u00e1lta n\u00f3 deamhan<\/span>, agus is f\u00e9idir go dtagra\u00edonn s\u00e9 do bheithigh go m\u00f3r difri\u00fail \u00f3 chomhth\u00e9acs go comhth\u00e9acs.<\/p>

Is sainchomhartha \u00e9 nach mb\u00edonn an focal ina aonar go hannamh. Sna t\u00e9acsanna is minic a bh\u00edonn s\u00e9 le forl\u00edonadh sonrach. Utukku Lemnu a thugtar ar an leagan mail\u00edseach san Acadaic, is \u00e9 sin Utukku olc.<\/p>

Ina choinne sin, d’fh\u00e9adfa\u00ed Utukku a shonr\u00fa freisin mar rud fabhrach n\u00f3 cosantach. L\u00e9ir\u00edonn an d\u00e1 thaobh seo gur ainmn\u00edonn an t\u00e9arma i dtosach cine\u00e1l beithe amh\u00e1in, agus n\u00e1 socra\u00edtear a treo mor\u00e1lta ach leis an bhforl\u00edonadh.<\/p>

Sa litr\u00edocht taighde uaireanta aistr\u00edtear Utukku go ginear\u00e1lta mar deamhan<\/span> n\u00f3 spiorad<\/span>. Is neasluachanna iad na haistri\u00fach\u00e1in seo, \u00f3ir n\u00edl an coincheap Mesopotamach comhionann leis na tuairim\u00ed nua-aoiseacha ar dheamhain. T\u00e1 r\u00f3l speisialta ag an iolra, a thagra\u00edonn do ghr\u00fapa ioml\u00e1n de bheithigh den s\u00f3rt sin, sna t\u00e9acsanna agairt\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Cur s\u00edos agus \u00cdoc\u00f3nagrafa\u00edocht<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00c9ala\u00edonn na Utukku \u00f3 l\u00e9iri\u00fa picti\u00fartha seasta, d\u00edreach mar gheall gur catag\u00f3ir chomhchoiteann at\u00e1 i gceist. Murab ionann leis an dia-bhean Lamashtu<\/a> n\u00f3 an deamhan<\/span> Pazuzu<\/a>, at\u00e1 inaitheanta san eala\u00edn tr\u00ed fhoirmeacha measctha sol\u00e9ite, d’fhan na Utukku gan \u00edomh\u00e1 chan\u00f3nta shoil\u00e9ir de ghn\u00e1th.<\/p>

Is minic a chuireann na t\u00e9acsanna s\u00edos orthu mar rud aisteach, gan chruth n\u00f3 ar n\u00f3s sc\u00e1ile. D’fh\u00e9adfadh siad c\u00f3na\u00ed sa bhf\u00e1sach, in \u00e1iteanna tr\u00e9igthe, i bhfothracha n\u00f3 timpeall na huaigheanna.<\/p>

Cuireann traidisi\u00fain eile s\u00edos orthu mar bheithigh a thagann i l\u00e1thair sa leathdhorchadas, a shleamhna\u00edonn s\u00edos le balla\u00ed n\u00f3 a ch\u00f3na\u00edonn ag doirse agus tairseacha. Baineann a gcont\u00fairt le dor\u00e9itheacht f\u00e9in. T\u00e1 siad i ngach \u00e1it agus in \u00e1it ar bith, agus t\u00e9ann siad isteach i dtithe agus i gcoirp gan a fh\u00e1il amach.<\/p>

Nuair a chuireann na t\u00e9acsanna s\u00edos ar Utukku olc go sonrach, cuirtear b\u00e9im ar a n\u00e1d\u00far f\u00edochmhar, gan tr\u00f3caire. D\u00e9antar compar\u00e1id eatarthu le sceithimh stoirme, le hainmhithe fiaine n\u00f3 le fuacht an bh\u00e1is.<\/p>

L\u00e9ir\u00edonn na h\u00edomh\u00e1nna teanga seo tuiscint ar chumhacht a bhriseann isteach, a bheireann greim agus nach scaoileann. \u00d3 thaobh stair na reiligi\u00fan de, l\u00e9ir\u00edonn easpa \u00edocnaeagrafa\u00edocht sheasta gur tuigeadh na Utukku n\u00ed mar fhigi\u00fair\u00ed picti\u00fartha ach mar bhagairt a bhraitheadh go direach.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Insint\u00ed Miotaseola\u00edocha<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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I gcodarsnacht leis na d\u00e9ithe m\u00f3ra, n\u00ed bh\u00edonn na Utukku i l\u00e1r a gcuid miotais f\u00e9in le imeacht sc\u00e9alta agus cur i l\u00e1thair dr\u00e1ma. Is amhlaidh a thagann siad chun cinn i dt\u00e9acsanna asarla\u00edochta agus deasghn\u00e1tha, a bhfuil cine\u00e1l d\u00e1 gcuid f\u00e9in de aithris mhiotaseach acu f\u00e9in. Is minic a l\u00e9ir\u00edonn na t\u00e9acsanna seo bun\u00fas na deamhan, a dtr\u00e9ithe agus a n-gn\u00edomha\u00edocht dham\u00e1isteach, chun iad a chur faoi smacht deasghn\u00e1tha d\u00e1 bharr.<\/p>

Is \u00ed an fhoinse is t\u00e1bhachta\u00ed an tsraith mh\u00f3r asarla\u00edochta, ar a dtugtar Utukku Lemnutu sa taighde, is \u00e9 sin na Utukku olca. Is baili\u00fach\u00e1n fairsing \u00e9 seo a leathna\u00edonn thar go leor t\u00e1ibl\u00e9ad de asarla\u00edochta\u00ed.<\/p>

Craobhscaoileadh an tsraith seo ar feadh tr\u00e9imhse fada, c\u00f3ipe\u00e1ladh agus tr\u00e1chtaireadh \u00ed. T\u00e1 cur s\u00edos inti ar an chaoi a n-arda\u00edonn na deamhain \u00f3 dhomhan na marbh, ar an chaoi a thaisteallann siad tr\u00edd an t\u00edr agus a ionsa\u00edonn siad daoine.<\/p>

\u00cdomh\u00e1 a fhilleann ar\u00eds is ar\u00eds eile is \u00ed an t-Seachtar, gr\u00fapa de dhaonta deamhanta a bhfuiltear go m\u00f3r faiteach os a gcomhair, nach mb\u00edonn n\u00e1ire n\u00e1 trua orthu, nach bhfuil fireann n\u00e1 baineann, agus a sh\u00e9ideann trasna na cruinne mar stoirm. Nascar an t-Seachtar seo go p\u00e1irteach leis na Utukku agus meastar gur teachtair\u00ed iad a chuireann olc i bhfeidhm.<\/p>

Is air\u00ed don na t\u00e9acsanna seo an chomhrian\u00fa idir an duine, an deamhan<\/span> agus an dia. T\u00e1 an duine a bhfuil Utukku ag ionsa\u00ed air gan chumhacht. Tagann an sagart asarla\u00edochta i l\u00e1thair mar idirghabh\u00e1la\u00ed agus glaonn s\u00e9 ar na d\u00e9ithe, go m\u00f3r m\u00f3r Enki, dia na eagna, agus a mhac, dia na asarla\u00edochta\u00ed.<\/p>

I bpatr\u00fan sc\u00e9ala\u00edochta coitianta, casann an mac gan chomhairle chuig a athair Enki, agus tugann s\u00e9 an t-eolas \u00e9ifeachtach d\u00f3, sa chaoi go bhfeictear an leigheas mar aisiomp\u00fa na eagna diaga.<\/p>

Le \u00fadar\u00e1s na d\u00e9ithe, orda\u00edtear don deamhan<\/span> an duine a fh\u00e1g\u00e1il agus filleadh ar domhan na marbh. Athdh\u00e9antar an sc\u00e9al deasghn\u00e1tha seo i go leor leaganacha \u00e9ags\u00fala agus is \u00e9 seo cro\u00edl\u00e1r an chomhraic Mesopot\u00e1imigh leis na Utukku.<\/p>

Nascann roinnt t\u00e9acsanna na Utukku freisin leis na mairbh gan adhlacadh n\u00f3 leis na mairbh a bh\u00ed faillithe. Cib\u00e9 nach bhfuair adhlacadh cu\u00ed, n\u00f3 a raibh cultas na marbh d\u00e1 gheall faillithe, d’fh\u00e9adfadh s\u00e9 filleadh mar spiorad<\/span> gan suaimhneas agus na daoine beo a chiapadh.<\/p>

Measta\u00ed freisin gur c\u00faiseanna le suaimhneas caillte spioraid iad b\u00e1s f\u00edochmhar, b\u00e1s i bhfad \u00f3na dh\u00faiche f\u00e9in, n\u00f3 easnamh sliocht chun cultas na marbh a chothabh\u00e1il. Sa l\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa seo, t\u00e1 dl\u00fathbhaint idir na Utukku agus an tuiscint Mesopot\u00e1imeach ar an gaol idir na daoine beo agus a mairbh f\u00e9in.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Cultas agus adhradh<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00d3 tharla go measta\u00ed na Utukku olca mar chumhachta\u00ed dam\u00e1isteacha, n\u00ed raibh cultas<\/span> ann sa chiall adhartha. N\u00edor t\u00f3gadh teampall<\/span> d\u00f3ibh agus n\u00edor tugadh \u00edobairt\u00ed<\/span> rialta d\u00f3ibh, mar a bh\u00edodh coitianta i gc\u00e1s d\u00e9ithe. Ba i gcosc, i gceans\u00fa agus i nd\u00edbirt a bh\u00ed d\u00e9ile\u00e1il reiligi\u00fanda leis na Utukku bun\u00e1ite.<\/p>

An pr\u00edomhghn\u00edomha\u00ed a bh\u00ed ann n\u00e1 an sagart asarla\u00edochta, ar a dtugtar Aschipu san Acadaigh. Bh\u00ed an eolas riachtanach agus na t\u00e9acsanna deasghn\u00e1tha aige. Rinne an speisialt\u00f3ir seo deasghn\u00e1tha glanta agus coscacha, aithris s\u00e9 na asarla\u00edochta\u00ed, chomhl\u00edon s\u00e9 gn\u00edomhartha siombalach agus, m\u00e1s g\u00e1, rinne s\u00e9 f\u00edor\u00edn\u00ed beaga as cr\u00e9af\u00f3g, c\u00e9ir n\u00f3 taos, a sheas don deamhan<\/span> agus a rinneadh gan d\u00edobh\u00e1il.<\/p>

In \u00e9ineacht leis an Aschipu, d’fh\u00e9adfa\u00ed an Aschu a thabhairt isteach freisin, cine\u00e1l leigheas\u00f3ra a d’oibrigh n\u00edos m\u00f3 le planda\u00ed agus le substaint\u00ed. Is minic a d’oibrigh an d\u00e1 speisialt\u00f3ir le ch\u00e9ile, sa chaoi go raibh c\u00f3ire\u00e1il dhaoine a bh\u00ed ionsaithe ag Utukku ag ceangal an fhocail labhartha, an ghn\u00edmh shiombalaigh agus na modhanna \u00e1bharacha.<\/p>

Laistigh den ch\u00f3ras seo, bh\u00ed r\u00f3l t\u00e1bhachtach ag na d\u00e9ithe m\u00f3ra, n\u00ed mar spriocphoint\u00ed de chultas Utukku ach mar chumhachta\u00ed a n-\u00fadar\u00e1s a agair\u00edodh in aghaidh na ndeamhan.<\/p>

Ghlaota\u00ed ar Schamasch mar dhia an dl\u00ed, ar Enki mar dhia na eagna agus ar a mhac, dia na asarla\u00edochta\u00ed, go h\u00e1irithe go minic. Sna asarla\u00edochta\u00ed, tagann an sagart chun cinn go sainr\u00e1ite mar theachtaire n\u00f3 mar ionada\u00ed na d\u00e9ithe seo, sa chaoi nach \u00e9 f\u00e9in ach an chumhacht diaga a dh\u00edbr\u00edonn an deamhan<\/span>.<\/p>

Is f\u00e9idir cultas na marbh do na daoine f\u00e9in marbh a thuiscint sa chomhth\u00e9acs seo freisin mar bheart coisctheach, \u00f3ir chosc cultas c\u00faramach na marbh, le \u00edobairt\u00ed rialta uisce agus bia, go n-\u00e9ireodh duine marbh ina spiorad<\/span> gan suaimhneas agus dam\u00e1isteach. Measta\u00ed gur c\u00fais l\u00e1rnach a bh\u00ed i bhfaill\u00ed na ndualgas seo go n-\u00e9ireodh spioraid ag ciapadh na daoine beo ar chor ar bith.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Cleachtas Cosanta agus Nithe Apotr\u00f3pacha<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Bh\u00ed an chosaint ar na Utukku ar cheann de na c\u00faraim\u00ed is t\u00e1bhachta\u00ed i gcleachtas deasghn\u00e1tha Mesopot\u00e1im. Ba \u00e9 an tsraith agartha Utukku Lemnutu an uirlis chosanta is cuimsith\u00ed sa chomhrac seo. Is minic a leanann na hagartha\u00ed patr\u00fan seasta.<\/p>

Ar dt\u00fas ainmn\u00edtear na deamhain agus cuirtear s\u00edos ar an bhagairt a bhaineann leo, ansin d\u00e9antar achain\u00ed ar na d\u00e9ithe, agus faoi dheireadh eis\u00edtear an ord\u00fa don deamhan<\/span> imeacht agus filleadh ar an domhan \u00edochtarach.<\/p>

Ba chuid de na bearta apotr\u00f3p\u00e1iceacha deasghn\u00e1tha glanta le huisce, le tine agus le substaint\u00ed \u00e1irithe. Go minic d\u00e9anta\u00ed f\u00edoraithe ionada\u00edocha a l\u00e9irigh an deamhan<\/span> n\u00f3 an t-othar. Tr\u00ed ghn\u00edomhartha deasghn\u00e1tha ar na f\u00edoraithe seo bh\u00edothas ag iarraidh an olc a chur faoi cheasacht, a dh\u00f3 n\u00f3 a dh\u00edbirt. D’fh\u00e9adfadh amul\u00e9id agus ruda\u00ed le hinscr\u00edbhinn\u00ed a bheith cosantach freisin.<\/p>

Bh\u00ed s\u00e9 t\u00e1bhachtach freisin ord a choinne\u00e1il sa teach agus i nd\u00e1il leis na mairbh. Ba iad na huaigheanna faillithe, na tairseacha suaite agus na h\u00e1iteanna neamhghlana na beala\u00ed isteach a mheastar a bh\u00ed ann do na Utukku. An t\u00e9 a chomhl\u00edon na rialacha deasghn\u00e1tha, a chothaigh cultas na marbh agus a ghlaoigh ar an sagart agartha in am galair, bh\u00ed s\u00e9 \u00e1 chosaint f\u00e9in ar na deamhain ar an bhealach seo.<\/p>

Sa mheas eola\u00edoch, tuigtear na cleachtais seo mar chuid de dhearcadh domhanda comhlean\u00fanach ina raibh galar agus m\u00ed-fhort\u00fan inl\u00e9irmh\u00ednithe agus, d\u00e1 bhr\u00ed sin, inch\u00f3ire\u00e1lta. N\u00ed mha\u00edtear leis seo \u00e9ifeachtacht sa chiall liachta nua-aimseartha.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Cos\u00falachta\u00ed i gcult\u00fair eile<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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T\u00e1 tuiscint\u00ed ar spioraid mharbh gan suaimhneas agus deamhain a thugann galar go leathan i measc go leor cult\u00far. Laistigh den Domhan \u00c1rsa is f\u00e9idir naisc a tharraingt leis an deamaneola\u00edocht iar-Seim\u00edteach agus, n\u00edos d\u00e9ana\u00ed, leis an deamaneola\u00edocht Ghi\u00fadach, ina bhfaightear coincheapa den chine\u00e1l c\u00e9anna maidir le spioraid agus le cumhachta\u00ed neamhghlana.<\/p>

T\u00e1 suntas tugtha sa taighde do litr\u00edocht agartha Mesopot\u00e1im mar ch\u00falra do thraidisi\u00fain agartha n\u00edos d\u00e9ana\u00ed, mar shampla i dtraidisi\u00fan na mbabhla\u00ed dra\u00edochta Aramaise \u00f3n Ard-\u00c1rsa\u00edocht<\/span>, ina n-ainmn\u00edtear agus ina gcuirtear faoi cheasacht na deamhain freisin.<\/p>

Is inchompar\u00e1ide go strucht\u00farach an tuiscint go n-eascra\u00edonn galar as neach coimhth\u00edoch spiorad\u00e1lta a theacht isteach agus gur f\u00e9idir \u00e9 a leigheas tr\u00ed dh\u00edbirt dheasghn\u00e1tha. Faightear coincheapa den s\u00f3rt sin i go leor c\u00f3ras leigheasa r\u00e9amh-nua-aimseartha.<\/p>

T\u00e1 an m\u00f3it\u00edf<\/span> den mharbh gan adhlacadh a fhilleann mar spiorad<\/span> leathan freisin, agus buaileann s\u00ed le domhan tuisceana na Gr\u00e9ige agus na R\u00f3ma, mar ar mheasta\u00ed go raibh spioraid na marbh gan suaimhneas nuair a bh\u00ed a n-adhlacadh faillithe agus gur gh\u00e1 iad a shuaimhni\u00fa le deasghn\u00e1tha f\u00e9in.<\/p>

D’ainneoin na gcos\u00falachta\u00ed seo ar fad, ba cheart a bheith c\u00faramach. T\u00e1 na Utukku fite fuaite i gc\u00f3ras sonrach Mesopot\u00e1im, c\u00f3ras a bhfuil a dh\u00e9ithe f\u00e9in, a thuiscint f\u00e9in ar an domhan \u00edochtarach agus a thraidisi\u00fan deasghn\u00e1tha f\u00e9in ann.<\/p>

Ba cheart, d\u00e1 bhr\u00ed sin, na cos\u00falachta\u00ed seo a thuiscint mar ghaol t\u00edopeola\u00edoch, n\u00ed mar chomhionann\u00fa simpl\u00ed. Baintear leas astu sa taighde compar\u00e1ideach reiligi\u00fanach chun patr\u00fain ghinear\u00e1lta a chur s\u00edos maidir leis an chaoi a l\u00e1imhse\u00e1iltear galar, b\u00e1s agus cumhachta\u00ed dofheicthe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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L\u00e9irthuiscint agus taighde an lae inniu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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T\u00e1 aithne ar na Utukku go pr\u00edomha mar thoradh ar an taighde eola\u00edoch a rinneadh ar an tsraith agartha Utukku Lemnutu. Athchrutha\u00edodh, cuireadh in eagar agus aistr\u00edodh an tsraith seo \u00f3 go leor t\u00e1ibhl\u00ed cuneach. Tagann cuid mh\u00f3r de na t\u00e1ibhl\u00ed seo \u00f3 leabharlann r\u00ed Assyrian Assurbanipal in Ninive, agus cuid eile \u00f3 fhionnachtana t\u00e9acs\u00fala n\u00edos sine a th\u00e9ann siar go dt\u00ed an dara m\u00edlaois.<\/p>

T\u00e1 an obair ar na t\u00e9acsanna seo d\u00fashl\u00e1nach, \u00f3s rud \u00e9 go bhfuil an tsraith seo tugtha anuas thar tr\u00e9imhs\u00ed fada agus go bhfuil \u00e9ags\u00falacht leaganacha ann, cuid d\u00edobh le sleachta d\u00e9thheangacha Sum\u00e9ireacha-Acadaise, ina leanann aistri\u00fach\u00e1n Acadach an agairt<\/span> Sumeireach l\u00edne ar l\u00edne.<\/p>

Toradh t\u00e1bhachtach den taighde is ea an tuiscint nach piseog<\/span> gan eagar a bh\u00ed i ndeamaneola\u00edocht Mesopot\u00e1im ach c\u00f3ras l\u00e9annta a cuireadh anuas i scr\u00edbhinn. Bh\u00ed t\u00e9arma\u00ed ar n\u00f3s Utukku, Etemmu n\u00f3 Alu ina gcuid de theanga theicni\u00fail a mh\u00faineadh sna scoileanna scr\u00edobhaithe. Pl\u00e9ann an taighde a gh\u00e9ire is a bh\u00ed na catag\u00f3ir\u00ed seo scartha \u00f3na ch\u00e9ile agus c\u00e9 mh\u00e9ad forlu\u00ed a bh\u00ed ann.<\/p>

T\u00e1 sp\u00e9is faoi leith sa taighde i dtuiscint Mesopot\u00e1im ar ghalar, ar leigheas agus ar r\u00f3l an tsagairt agartha.<\/p>

Tr\u00ed na t\u00e9acsanna Utukku, is f\u00e9idir staid\u00e9ar a dh\u00e9anamh ar an chaoi a bh\u00ed l\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa reiligi\u00fanach, cleachtas deasghn\u00e1tha agus rud is f\u00e9idir a thabhairt luathleigheas air fite fuaite le ch\u00e9ile. Bh\u00ed eolas fairsing t\u00e9acs\u00fail ag na sagairt agartha, eolas a bhail\u00edodh i leabharlanna scol\u00e1ir\u00ed den ch\u00e9ad m\u00edlaois.<\/p>

Sa l\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa coitianta, uaireanta baineadh \u00fas\u00e1id as Utukku mar th\u00e9arma do dheamhain Mesopot\u00e1im, go minic gan tagairt bheacht do na foins\u00ed.<\/p>

Taca\u00edonn pl\u00e9 ceart ar na Utukku ar na heagr\u00e1in chritici\u00fala de na t\u00e9acsanna agartha agus ar an litr\u00edocht speisialt\u00f3ra Assyreola\u00edoch, litr\u00edocht a chuireann na neacha seo ina gcomhth\u00e9acs stairi\u00fail agus reiligi\u00fanach f\u00e9in. L\u00e9ir\u00edonn s\u00e9 go raibh na Utukku ina gcuid bhuan de dheamaneola\u00edocht ilghn\u00e9itheach a mh\u00fanlaigh tuiscint Mesopot\u00e1im ar an domhan agus ar an fhulaingt.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Litr\u00edocht (rogha)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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