{"id":188521,"date":"2026-09-07T03:36:32","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T03:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=188521"},"modified":"2026-09-07T03:39:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T03:39:33","slug":"buga-ard-dhia-na-neibhinceach","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/buga-ard-dhia-na-neibhinceach\/","title":{"rendered":"Buga \u2013 Ard-Dhia na nEibhinceach (Tung\u00fasigh)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"188521\" class=\"elementor elementor-188521 elementor-2642 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga, ard-dhia agus tiarna na cruinne ag na hEibhinceach-Tung\u00fasigh<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sa ch\u00f3ras reiligi\u00fanach na nEibhinceach agus pobail Tung\u00fasacha eile, is ard-dhia \u00e9 Buga chomh maith le sp\u00e9ir, cruinne agus domhan. Is \u00e9 an ioml\u00e1n cosmach \u00e9 ina bhfaigheann taisteal seamanach, ord seilge agus timthriall an tsaoil a n-\u00e1it. Sa mhiotas na nEibhinceach agus pobail Tung\u00fasacha eile, aonta\u00edonn Buga an sp\u00e9ir, an cruinne agus an domhan i bhfoirm amh\u00e1in.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Cruthaitheoir an traidisi\u00fain Sib\u00e9ir \/ Teangrachas.\">Cruthaitheoir<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/seamanachas-tengrachas-na-siberia-an-steipe-an-taiga\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Miotaseola\u00edocht an traidisi\u00fain Sib\u00e9ir \/ Teangrachas.\">Sib\u00e9ir \/ Teangrachas<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Ard-dhiadacht.\">Ard-dhiadacht<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;N\\u00edor aims\\u00edodh aon cheannteideal ar an leathanach seo.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tCl\u00e1r \u00c1bhair\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-bugatungus-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-bugatungus-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-bugatungus-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_buga-tungus-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-190328\" alt=\"Buga Tungusach - d\u00e9ithe \u00f3n traidisi\u00fan Sib\u00e9arach-Tengrach, l\u00e9iritheach \u00f3 thaobh na staire\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_buga-tungus-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_buga-tungus-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_buga-tungus-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_buga-tungus.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-sec-iwgcomp-buga-tungus elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"sec-iwgcomp-buga-tungus\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-col-iwgcomp-buga-tungus\" data-id=\"col-iwgcomp-buga-tungus\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcomp-buga-tungus elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcomp-buga-tungus\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Meastar Buga i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00f3ras reiligi\u00fanach ina nd\u00e9ile\u00e1lann speisialt\u00f3ir\u00ed leis an domhan spiorad\u00e1lta.\" tabindex=\"0\">seamanachas<\/span> pobail <strong>Tung\u00fasach-Eibhinceach<\/strong> mar ard-dhia an tsaoil uachtaraigh agus mar bhunaitheoir an oird chosma\u00ed. T\u00e1 <strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi dh\u00e9ithe, faoi thionscnaimh agus faoi ord an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">miotas<\/span><\/strong> Buga agus na foins\u00ed dea-dhoicim\u00e9adaithe go h\u00e1irithe in amhr\u00e1in na nEibhinceach.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aicmi\u00fa agus Gearrphr\u00f3if\u00edl<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00e1 na hEibhinceach (ar a dtugta\u00ed Tung\u00fasaigh roimhe seo) ina gc\u00f3na\u00ed in Oirshib\u00e9ir idir an Yenisei agus an Aig\u00e9an Ci\u00fain.<\/p><p>Sa reiligi\u00fan acu, is t\u00e9arma \u00e9 Buga (i roinnt can\u00faint\u00ed <em>Boga<\/em>, <em>Buya<\/em>, <em>Buwa<\/em>) a chialla\u00edonn &#8220;sp\u00e9ir&#8221;, &#8220;domhan&#8221;, &#8220;cruinne&#8221; agus &#8220;ard-dhia&#8221; ag an am c\u00e9anna, comhdhl\u00fath\u00fa teanga suntasach a rinne an stara\u00ed reiligi\u00fain Sergei Shirokogoroff a anail\u00edsi\u00fa go mion ina shaothar clasaiceach <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em> (1935).<\/p><p>Laistigh den <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/seamanachas-tengrachas-na-siberia-an-steipe-an-taiga\/\">traidisi\u00fan Shib\u00e9ireach-Tengr\u00edoch<\/a>, is sraith an-\u00e1rsa \u00e9 Buga, is d\u00f3cha \u00f3 bhun\u00fas Alta\u00edoch-Palaeoshib\u00e9ireach; ceapann taighdeoir\u00ed \u00e1irithe (Anisimov) gur \u00ed an fhoirm is bunaidh ar fad \u00ed. Labhra\u00edonn na hEibhinceach teanga Tung\u00fasach-Mhanch\u00farach, agus mar sin t\u00e1 siad ar imeall theangeola\u00edoch domhan Tengri Turcach-Mong\u00f3lach, c\u00e1s teorann suntasach.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 Buga thar a bheith luachmhar \u00f3 thaobh na reiligi\u00fanachta de, mar go ndearna Sergei Shirokogoroff obair ph\u00e1irce a bh\u00ed thar a bheith mionchruinn i measc na nEibhinceach ar an Amur sna 1910id\u00ed; is cloch mh\u00edle \u00e9 a shaothar i dtaighde an tseamanachais agus sol\u00e1thra\u00edonn s\u00e9 ceann de na corpais \u00e1bhair is fearr at\u00e1 ann do reiligi\u00fan phobal d\u00fachasach Shib\u00e9ire.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ainm agus Sanasa\u00edocht<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is focal Tung\u00fasach \u00e9 <em>buga<\/em> nach f\u00e9idir a bhun\u00fas eiteola\u00edoch a shoil\u00e9iri\u00fa go cinnte. Aims\u00edtear foirmeacha gaolmhara sa Mhanch\u00fairis (<em>bo\u03b3o<\/em>, &#8220;domhan&#8221;) agus i gcan\u00faint\u00ed \u00e1irithe den \u00c9in.<\/p><p>Is \u00e9 an breathn\u00fa t\u00e1bhachtach \u00f3 thaobh stair na reiligi\u00fain de an ionannas idir an focal agus an rud f\u00e9in: n\u00ed neach \u00e9 Buga a mhaireann sa sp\u00e9ir, ach <em>is<\/em> \u00e9 Buga an sp\u00e9ir f\u00e9in agus an domhan ag an am c\u00e9anna.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 an comhdhl\u00fath\u00fa s\u00e9imeantach seo thar a bheith suntasach \u00f3 thaobh feinim\u00e9aneola\u00edocht na reiligi\u00fain de, mar l\u00e9ir\u00edonn s\u00e9 c\u00e9im roimh dheighilt an rud uaf\u00e1is agus an rud nithi\u00fail, r\u00e9amhfhoirm den rud a coincheapa\u00edodh n\u00edos d\u00e9ana\u00ed mar &#8220;ard-dhia&#8221;. Chuir Shirokogoroff teoiric ioml\u00e1n faoi bhr\u00e1id anseo maidir le &#8220;comhle\u00e1 s\u00edce-mheabhrach&#8221;.<\/p><p>San traidisi\u00fan Manch\u00farach, at\u00e1 gaolmhar \u00f3 thaobh na teanga leis an Eibhinceach, tagann <em>bo\u03b3o<\/em> chun cinn n\u00edos d\u00e9ana\u00ed mar t\u00e9arma speisialaithe don &#8220;domhan&#8221;, gan an fho-chiall ard-dhiaga a choime\u00e1d. Leanann an speisialt\u00f3ireacht seo B\u00fadachas na Manch\u00farach le linn Dinasty Qing.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cur s\u00edos agus \u00cdoc\u00f3nagrafa\u00edocht<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cos\u00fail le <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/tengri-dia-na-bhflaitheas\/\">Tengri<\/a>, n\u00edl aon fhoirm \u00edomh\u00e1 d\u00e1 chuid f\u00e9in ag Buga. L\u00e9ir\u00edonn druma\u00ed seamanacha na nEibhinceach, \u00e1fach, na tr\u00ed leibh\u00e9al domhan (uachtarach, me\u00e1nach, \u00edochtarach) agus crann an domhain a fh\u00e1sann tr\u00edothu; ar an leibh\u00e9al uachtarach, l\u00e9ir\u00edtear Buga uaireanta mar ghrian shiombalach le f\u00e1inne ga.<\/p><p>L\u00e9ir\u00edonn \u00e9id\u00ed seamanacha na nEibhinceach \u00f3 bhaili\u00fach\u00e1in an Mh\u00fasaeim Eitneagrafa\u00edochta na R\u00faise (San Peadarbhurg) agus an Mh\u00fasaeim Antraipeola\u00edochta (MAE) croch\u00f3ga iarainn thar a bheith saothraithe, agus rinne Shirokogoroff a mbr\u00ed reiligi\u00fanach a dhoicim\u00e9ad\u00fa ina shaothar caighde\u00e1nach. N\u00ed l\u00e9ir\u00edtear Buga f\u00e9in go d\u00edreach ar na h\u00e9id\u00ed, ach l\u00e9ir\u00edtear \u00e9 tr\u00edd an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Eilimint \u00e1bhair a fhilleann ar\u00eds agus ar\u00eds eile in eala\u00edn n\u00f3 i sc\u00e9ala\u00edocht.\" tabindex=\"0\">mh\u00f3it\u00edf<\/span> diosca gr\u00e9ine ag an bharr.<\/p><p>Is f\u00e9idir smaoineamh crann an domhain na nEibhinceach a chur i gcompar\u00e1id go t\u00edopeola\u00edoch le smaoineamh V\u00e9ideach <em>a\u015bvattha<\/em> agus le Yggdrasil na Gearm\u00e1ine Thuaidh, rud a l\u00e9irmh\u00ednigh Eliade mar chomhartha ar thaith\u00ed uil\u00edoch &#8220;Axis Mundi&#8221;.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Insint\u00ed Miotaseola\u00edocha<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Rinne Anisimov (1958) doicim\u00e9ad\u00fa ar sc\u00e9al cruthaithe de chuid na nEbhencach ina n-iarrann Buga ar lacha l\u00e1ib a fh\u00e1il \u00f3n bhfarraige phr\u00edomhaidh chun an domhan a chruth\u00fa as, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Eilimint \u00e1bhair a fhilleann ar\u00eds in eala\u00edn n\u00f3 i sc\u00e9ala\u00edocht.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00f3it\u00edf<\/span> chlasaiceach Shib\u00e9arach den tumadh, an ceann c\u00e9anna a fhaightear freisin i sc\u00e9al <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/ulgen-dia-an-tsolais\/\">\u00dclgen<\/a>.<\/p><p>I leaganacha na nEbhencach, is minic a bh\u00edonn dia dochair (<em>Khargi<\/em>) le feice\u00e1il mar iomaitheoir n\u00f3 dearth\u00e1ir, dia a fheileann d&#8217;fheidhm <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/erlik-khan-rialtoir-fo-dhomhan-altaiceach\/\">Erlik Khan<\/a>.<\/p><p>Ins\u00edonn sc\u00e9al eile conas a chuireann Buga na ch\u00e9ad sham\u00e1in: \u201cScoilteann\u201d s\u00e9 duine ina dh\u00e1 leath agus cuireann s\u00e9 an cumas breathn\u00fa isteach sa saol eile i leath amh\u00e1in d\u00edobh. Is <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi dh\u00e9ithe, faoi bhun\u00fas ruda\u00ed agus faoi ord an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">miotas<\/span> eochrach \u00e9 an sc\u00e9al scoilteadh seo \u00f3 thaobh antraipeola\u00edocht an reiligi\u00fain de maidir le cleachtas tionscnaimh na sam\u00e1n Ebhencach.<\/p><p>Ins\u00edonn tr\u00ed\u00fa sc\u00e9al conas a chuireann Buga crann an domhain ina sheasamh: stoc ollmh\u00f3r lear\u00f3ige a bhfuil a fr\u00e9amhacha sa domhan \u00edochtair ag spioraid Khargi agus a bharr ag iompar roth na gr\u00e9ine. Ar an gcrann seo a mharca\u00edonn an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Speisialt\u00f3ir reiligi\u00fanach a chreidtear a idirghabh\u00e1lann idir dhaoine agus an domhan spiorad\u00e1lta.\" tabindex=\"0\">sam\u00e1n<\/span> suas go dt\u00ed an saol uachtarach, go minic le cabhair siombail chapaill-druma.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cultas agus adhradh<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>N\u00edl aon chultas teampaill ag na hEibhinc\u00ed, ach cleachtas lean\u00fanach agairte: roimh sheilg, roimh thuras fada, ag an tine champa, glaoitear ar Buga; caitear tobac n\u00f3 geir bheag isteach sa tine an tr\u00e1th sin. Coinn\u00edonn seamain nasc idir Buga agus na tr\u00ed leibh\u00e9al domhanda ina n-amhr\u00e1in, rud a chuir Eliade i l\u00e1thair mar shamhail chlasaiceach den <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00f3ras reiligi\u00fanach ina mb\u00edonn saineolaithe i gcomhcheangal leis an saol spiorad\u00e1lta.\" tabindex=\"0\">seamanachas<\/span>.<\/p><p>Traidisi\u00fanta, tugadh eolas seamanach na hEibhinc\u00ed ar aghaidh \u00f3 bh\u00e9al, go minic i l\u00edne \u00f3 mh\u00e1thair go hin\u00edon n\u00f3 \u00f3 athair go mac. Chuir g\u00e9arlean\u00faint na S\u00f3iv\u00e9ide sna 1930id\u00ed isteach go m\u00f3r ar na l\u00ednte seo; d&#8217;\u00e9irigh le G. M. Vasilevich cuid de na cleacht\u00f3ir\u00ed deireanacha a dhoicim\u00e9ad\u00fa ina saothar <em>Ewenki<\/em> (1969).<\/p><p>Sa chleachtas at\u00e1thar a dh\u00e9anamh inniu, t\u00e1 athbheochan ag teacht ar an ch\u00f3ir\u00edocht Buga i R\u00e9igi\u00fan Uathrialach na hEibhinc\u00ede agus i lonna\u00edochta\u00ed \u00e1irithe i bPoblacht Sacha. Baineann cleacht\u00f3ir\u00ed \u00f3ga leas as taifid Shirokogoroff, c\u00e1s suntasach ina n-iompa\u00edonn eitneagrafa\u00edocht acad\u00fail iarthair ina foinse d&#8217;athchruth\u00fa creidimh dh\u00fachasaigh.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cleachtas Cosanta agus Nithe Apotr\u00f3pacha<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mar a chuirtear i l\u00e1thair go heola\u00edoch: Bhain na cleachtais dh\u00edchosc go pr\u00edomha leis na drochspioraid <em>Khargi<\/em> (d\u00e1 dtugtar go minic dochar \u201cBuga-Tungus\u201d orthu, \u00f3 cheaptar gur taobh dorcha Buga iad): d\u00f3 planda\u00ed \u00e1irithe ag an tine champa, caitheamh croch\u00f3g beag cn\u00e1mha, agus su\u00edomh figi\u00fair\u00ed snoite \u201cgarda\u00ed\u201d (<em>seven<\/em>) ag crosbheala\u00ed.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 na figi\u00fair\u00ed <em>seven<\/em> ar cheann de na gn\u00e9ithe is saini\u00fala de chult\u00far \u00e1bharach na hEibhinc\u00ed. Is br\u00e9ag\u00e1in bheaga adhmaid iad go minic, le s\u00faile leabaithe iontu, a shocra\u00edtear ar chuaill\u00ed taca, ar chrainn, n\u00f3 ar chos\u00e1in dorais. Measta\u00ed gur &#8220;\u00e1it ch\u00f3naithe&#8221; a bh\u00ed iontu do spioraid ch\u00fanta bheaga a ghn\u00edomhaigh ar ord\u00fa an tseamain.<\/p><p>Cleachtas ar leith is ea an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Seicheamh rial\u00e1ilte gn\u00edomhartha siombalacha a bhfuil br\u00ed reiligi\u00fanach n\u00f3 cult\u00fartha ag baint leo.\" tabindex=\"0\">deasghn\u00e1th<\/span> <em>chura<\/em>: sula dt\u00e9ann duine isteach in \u00e1it anaithnid, caitheann s\u00e9 l\u00e1n l\u00e1imhe de thobac n\u00f3 bonn beag airgid ar an sneachta n\u00f3 ar an talamh, agus an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An agairt n\u00f3 an achain\u00ed ar dhia n\u00f3 ar chumhacht.\" tabindex=\"0\">agairt<\/span> \u00e1 d\u00e9anamh: \u201cBuga, d\u00e9an m\u00e9 beag\u201d. Is samhail chlasaiceach ainmhithe \u00ed an fhoirm chomhairle seo i leith na cruinne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cos\u00falachta\u00ed i gcult\u00fair eile<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00e1 gaol idir coincheap Buga agus <em>Num<\/em> na Sam\u00f3ideach \u00f3n tSib\u00e9ir \u00e1rsa, agus t\u00e1 compar\u00e1id th\u00edopeach le d\u00e9anamh idir \u00e9 agus <em>Tian<\/em> na S\u00edneach, ins an d\u00e1 ch\u00e1s cumascann coincheap na sp\u00e9ire agus na hArdDhiacht le ch\u00e9ile in aon t\u00e9arma amh\u00e1in. T\u00e1 cos\u00falachta\u00ed feidhmi\u00fala ann le t\u00e9arma\u00ed Polain\u00e9iseacha <em>Mana<\/em>\/<em>Atua<\/em>, gan gaol gin\u00e9iteach a bheith ann.<\/p><p>Is \u00e9 an ghn\u00e9 shaini\u00fail ag na hEibhinc\u00ed an cumasc idir &#8220;cruinne&#8221; agus &#8220;ardDhia&#8221; in aon fhocal amh\u00e1in, rud a th\u00e9ann n\u00edos faide f\u00f3s n\u00e1 st\u00f3r focal ilbhr\u00edoch Tengri. \u00d3 thaobh feinim\u00e9aneola\u00edocht an reiligi\u00fain, is \u00e9 Buga c\u00e1s foircneach de chumasc numan\u00falachta agus nithi\u00falachta.\n\n<\/p><p>Sa chompar\u00e1id le Sib\u00e9ir an deiscirt, is dl\u00faithe an chompar\u00e1id idir Buga agus <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/tengri-dia-na-bhflaitheas\/\">Tengri<\/a>, agus is l\u00fa an chompar\u00e1id le <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/ulgen-dia-an-tsolais\/\">\u00dclgen<\/a>, arb \u00e9 a ghlac cruth n\u00edos pearsanta cheana f\u00e9in. Ceada\u00edonn an difr\u00edocht seo hipit\u00e9is maidir le stratacha ama: b&#8217;fh\u00e9idir gur ionann Buga agus sraith n\u00edos sine.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L\u00e9irthuiscint agus taighde an lae inniu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Saothair chlasaiceacha: Sergei Shirokogoroff: <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em> (1935); A. F. Anisimov: <em>Religia ewenkov<\/em> (1958); rinne Mircea Eliade den seaman Tungus pr\u00f3tat\u00edopa a shamhail \u201c<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00f3ras reiligi\u00fanach ina mb\u00edonn saineolaithe i gcomhcheangal leis an saol spiorad\u00e1lta.\" tabindex=\"0\">seamanachas<\/span> chlasaiceach\u201d. Rinne Roberte Hamayon agus Andrei Znamenski athbhreithni\u00fa critici\u00fail ar an tsamhail seo ina dhiaidh sin, agus mhol siad n\u00edos m\u00f3 airde a thabhairt ar chatag\u00f3ir\u00ed d\u00fachasacha na hEibhinc\u00ed.<\/p><p>Rinne G. M. Vasilevich, taighdeoir S\u00f3iv\u00e9adach, an monagraf S\u00f3iv\u00e9adach is cuimsith\u00ed ar reiligi\u00fan na hEibhinc\u00ed a chur ar f\u00e1il ina saothar <em>Ewenki<\/em> (Leningrad 1969). D&#8217;ainneoin a dath id\u00e9-eola\u00edoch, fanann s\u00e9 ina chorpas \u00e1bhair riachtanach.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">D\u00edosp\u00f3ireachta\u00ed taighde agus ceisteanna oscailte<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tr\u00ed cheist thaighde a shonra\u00edonn pl\u00e9 Buga. Ar an gc\u00e9ad dul s\u00edos: An l\u00e9ir\u00edonn Buga sraith r\u00e9amh-tengr\u00ed, inar nach raibh \u201ccruinne\u201d agus \u201cardDhia\u201d scartha go f\u00f3ill? Molann Anisimov agus Shirokogoroff an l\u00e9amh seo; roghna\u00edonn taighdeoir\u00ed n\u00edos d\u00e9ana\u00ed (Hamayon) dearcadh n\u00edos coibhneasa\u00ed i leith samhla.<\/p><p>Ar an dara dul s\u00edos: C\u00e9n gaol at\u00e1 idir cleachtas na hEibhinc\u00ed agus hipit\u00e9is theaghlach teangacha Dene-Yeniseach, a mheasann go bhfuil gaol ag cuid de na hEibhinc\u00ed le pobail Athabascach Mheirice\u00e1 Thuaidh? M\u00e1 t\u00e1 an hipit\u00e9is seo ceart, ba cheart go l\u00e9ireodh reiligi\u00fan Buga craobh\u00f3ga ciorcaimpolacha.<\/p><p>Ar an tr\u00ed\u00fa dul s\u00edos: C\u00e9n todhcha\u00ed a bheidh ag athbheochan Buga inniu i r\u00e9igi\u00fan na hEibhinc\u00ede, i bhfianaise br\u00fa m\u00f3r na mianad\u00f3ireachta agus na t\u00e1irgeachta ola? Anseo freisin nascann stair an reiligi\u00fain le h\u00e1bhair chomhaimseartha \u00e9iceola\u00edocha agus pholaiti\u00fala.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga agus r\u00f3l ceannr\u00f3da\u00edoch Shirokogoroff<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tuilleann r\u00f3l Sergei Shirokogoroff i dtaighde Buga machnamh ar leith. Eitneagraf R\u00faiseach ab \u00e9 Shirokogoroff (1887, 1939), a chuaigh ar deora\u00edocht tar \u00e9is R\u00e9abhl\u00f3id Dheireadh F\u00f3mhair, agus a mh\u00fain sa tS\u00edn \u00f3 1922 ar aghaidh.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 a shaothar m\u00f3r, <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em> (Shanghai 1935), ar cheann de na leabhair th\u00fasach a chuir c\u00f3ras reiligi\u00fanach neamh-iartharach ar f\u00e1il go c\u00f3rasach \u00f3 pheirspict\u00edocht inmhe\u00e1nach na gcleacht\u00f3ir\u00ed f\u00e9in.<\/p><p>Chum Shirokogoroff an t\u00e9arma \u201c<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00f3ras reiligi\u00fanach ina mb\u00edonn saineolaithe i gcomhcheangal leis an saol spiorad\u00e1lta.\" tabindex=\"0\">seamanachas<\/span>\u201d mar th\u00e9arma eola\u00edocht\u00fail, bunaithe ar an bhfocal Tungusach <em>\u0161aman<\/em>. Bh\u00ed impleachta\u00ed m\u00f3ra eola\u00edocht\u00fala ag baint leis an t\u00e9arma\u00edocht seo: rinne s\u00ed catag\u00f3ir uil\u00edoch de choincheap Tungusach \u00e1iti\u00fail. Rinne Andrei Znamenski cur s\u00edos critici\u00fail ar an uil\u00edocht\u00fa seo ina shaothar <em>Shamanism and Western Imagination<\/em> (2007).<\/p><p>T\u00e1 gaol d\u00e9br\u00edoch ag taighde Buga an lae inniu le Shirokogoroff: ar thaobh amh\u00e1in, t\u00e1 a \u00e1bhar riachtanach; ar an taobh eile, t\u00e1 toimhde eiseantasach i bhfolach ina choincheap \u201ccumasc s\u00edche-mheabhrach\u201d, rud a cheist\u00edonn eitneola\u00edocht comhaimseartha an reiligi\u00fain go critici\u00fail.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s10 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s10\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s10h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s10h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Foins\u00ed agus baint leis an mol cult\u00fartha<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s10c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s10c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s10t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s10t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Aon duine ar mian leis staid\u00e9ar a dh\u00e9anamh ar an choimpl\u00e9asc Buga ina leithead, gheobhaidh s\u00e9 ar an leathanach forbhreathnaithe <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/seamanachas-tengrachas-na-siberia-an-steipe-an-taiga\/\">Traidisi\u00fan Sib\u00e9arach-Teingr\u00edoch<\/a> na cro\u00ed-tharshleachta is t\u00e1bhachta\u00ed do fhigi\u00fair\u00ed gaolmhara mar <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/tengri-dia-na-bhflaitheas\/\">Tengri<\/a> (comhchos\u00falacht Tuircise) agus na neacha solais <em>aiyy<\/em> Iac\u00faiteacha.<\/p><p>Is \u00ed <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em> (1935) le Sergei Shirokogoroff an fhoinse phr\u00edomha is t\u00e1bhachta\u00ed. Is \u00ed <em>Religia ewenkov<\/em> (Mosc\u00f3 1958) le A. F. Anisimov an tsint\u00e9is Sh\u00f3iv\u00e9adach is t\u00e1bhachta\u00ed. Cuireann <em>Ewenki<\/em> (Leningrad 1969) le G. M. Vasilevich leis an l\u00e9argas seo le h\u00e1bhar fairsing.<\/p><p>Maidir leis an su\u00edomh imchiorclach, f\u00e9ach <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em> (1990) le Roberte Hamayon agus <em>Shamanism and Western Imagination<\/em> (Oxford 2007) le Andrei Znamenski. Is iad an d\u00e1 shaothar seo na ceart\u00fach\u00e1in is t\u00e1bhachta\u00ed ar an tsamhail chlasaiceach Eliade.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s11 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s11h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s11h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga agus Tionscnamh na Seam\u00e1in<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s11c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s11c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s11t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s11t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tuilleann r\u00f3l Bhuga i dtionscnamh sam\u00e1nach na nEbhencach staid\u00e9ar ar leith. Rinne Shirokogoroff cur s\u00edos mionsonraithe ar roinnt tionscnamh ina shaothar <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em> (1935): treora\u00edtear an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Speisialt\u00f3ir reiligi\u00fanach a chreidtear a idirghabh\u00e1lann idir dhaoine agus an domhan spiorad\u00e1lta.\" tabindex=\"0\">sam\u00e1n<\/span> ionchasach tr\u00ed thr\u00e9imhse \u201cgalar sam\u00e1nach\u201d tromch\u00faiseach a l\u00e9irmh\u00edn\u00edtear mar <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Aistri\u00fa deasghn\u00e1ch tr\u00edna nglactar duine isteach i st\u00e1das n\u00f3 pobal nua.\" tabindex=\"0\">tionscnamh<\/span>, samhail chlasaiceach a rinne Eliade a ghinear\u00e1l\u00fa mar \u201cb\u00e1s tionscnaimh agus ais\u00e9ir\u00ed\u201d.<\/p><p>Seasann Buga mar an t-ordaitheoir uachtarach sa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Aistri\u00fa deasghn\u00e1ch tr\u00edna nglactar duine isteach i st\u00e1das n\u00f3 pobal nua.\" tabindex=\"0\">tionscnamh<\/span> seo: cuireann s\u00e9 an galar tionscnaimh, \u201cscoilteann\u201d s\u00e9 an duine tionscanta, m\u00faineann s\u00e9 d\u00f3 an turas tr\u00ed na tr\u00ed leibh\u00e9al domhanda. Is \u00ed an fheidhm seo, \u00f3 thaobh antraipeola\u00edocht an reiligi\u00fain de, an tsamhail ar t\u00f3gadh an taighde tionscnaimh chiorcaimpolach uirthi.<\/p><p>Rinne Roberte Hamayon athbhreithni\u00fa critici\u00fail ar an tsamhail seo ina saothar <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em> (1990): l\u00e9ann s\u00ed tionscnamh na nEbhencach n\u00ed mar \u201ceisp\u00e9ireas misti\u00fail\u201d ach mar chleachtas caibidl\u00edochta socheacnama\u00edoch. T\u00e1 bun\u00fas maith le gach ceann den d\u00e1 l\u00e9amh agus comhl\u00e1na\u00edonn siad a ch\u00e9ile.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s12 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s12h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s12h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Machnamh modheola\u00edoch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s12c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s12c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s12t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s12t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tagann roinnt fadhbanna modheola\u00edochta chun cinn i dtaighde Buga. Ar an gc\u00e9ad dul: is saothar ceannr\u00f3da\u00edoch modheola\u00edoch suntasach \u00e9 obair Shirokogoroff, ach t\u00e1 lorg a st\u00e1das deora\u00edochta agus a r\u00e9amhthuairim\u00ed teoirici\u00fala air. Rinne Andrei Znamenski anail\u00eds chritici\u00fail ar na r\u00e9amhthuairim\u00ed sin.<\/p><p>Ar an dara dul: chuir g\u00e9arlean\u00faint Sh\u00f3iv\u00e9adach na 1930\u00ed dam\u00e1iste m\u00f3r ar thraidisi\u00fan seam\u00e1nach na nEbhencach; is at\u00f3g\u00e1il bunaithe ar th\u00e9acsanna eitneagrafa\u00edochta \u00e9 an m\u00e9id a fheicimid inniu. N\u00ed m\u00f3r an at\u00f3g\u00e1il seo a scr\u00fad\u00fa go neamhsple\u00e1ch \u00f3 thaobh socheola\u00edocht an reiligi\u00fain.<\/p><p>Ar an tr\u00ed\u00fa dul: t\u00e1 teanga na nEbhencach i mbaol inniu; leis, imeoidh an rochtain dh\u00edreach ar st\u00f3r focal agus tuiscint\u00ed Buga chomh maith. B\u00edonn beartas caomhnaithe teanga agus reiligi\u00fain ina sibl\u00edn\u00ed fadhbanna anseo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s13 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s13\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s13h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s13h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga agus Caomhn\u00fa Teanga na nEbhencach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s13c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s13c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s13t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s13t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00e1 teanga na nEbhencach rangaithe ag UNESCO mar \u2018i mbaol&#8217;; n\u00edl inti inniu ach cainteoir\u00ed gn\u00edomhacha gann, na m\u00edlte ar a mh\u00e9ad, go pr\u00edomha i gC\u00f3naidhm na R\u00faise agus i dtuaisceart na S\u00edne. Leis an teanga imeoidh an rochtain dh\u00edreach ar st\u00f3r focal Buga agus ar na idirdhealuithe f\u00edne\u00e1lta i reiligi\u00fan na nEbhencach.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 roinnt tionscnamh ag iarraidh an chailli\u00faint seo a stopadh. T\u00e1 cl\u00e1ir dhoicim\u00e9adaithe ag Acadamh Eola\u00edochta\u00ed na R\u00faise (Institi\u00faid an Taighde Teanga) agus ag Ollscoil Ulan-Ude; sa Daon-Phoblacht na S\u00edne, t\u00e1 iarracht chomhchos\u00fail ann do theaghlach teangacha Manch\u00fach-Th\u00fang\u00fasach.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 t\u00e1bhacht eola\u00edocht\u00fail leis seo mar go bhfuil reiligi\u00fan agus teanga fite fuaite go dl\u00fath. Chiall\u00f3dh cailli\u00faint an fhocail Ebhencaigh <em>buga<\/em> cailli\u00faint coincheap ar leith reiligi\u00fain freisin. B\u00edonn caomhn\u00fa teanga agus reiligi\u00fain ina sibl\u00edn\u00ed tionscnaimh anseo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s14 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s14\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s14h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s14h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga agus Traidisi\u00fan Ard-D\u00e9 Imchiorclach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s14c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s14c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s14t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s14t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u00e9ir\u00edonn peirspict\u00edocht chompar\u00e1ideach imchiorclach go bhfuil Buga mar bhall de theaghlach leathan \u2018Ard-diachta\u00ed na Cruinne&#8217;, a sh\u00edneann \u00f3 Chr\u00edoch Lochlannach (Radien S\u00e1mach) tr\u00ed Sib\u00e9ir (Num Sam\u00f3ideach, Buga Ebhencach) go Meirice\u00e1 Thuaidh (Manitou Algonquin, Sila Ion\u00faiteach). I ngach c\u00e1s, cumascann neamh, cruinne agus ard-dhiacht le ch\u00e9ile in aon choincheap amh\u00e1in.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 an craobh\u00fa imchiorclach seo ina \u00e1bhar taighde dianfheidhme. Shol\u00e1thair Juha Pentik\u00e4inen forbhreathn\u00fa c\u00f3rasach ina shaothar <em>Shamanism and Culture<\/em> (1998); leathnaigh Mih\u00e1ly Hopp\u00e1l an compar\u00e1id Ung\u00e1rach agus Sib\u00e9arach ina shaothar <em>Shamans and Traditions<\/em> (2007).<\/p><p>An bhfuil gaol g\u00e9initeach ann (sraitheanna Palaeosib\u00e9aracha a scaipeadh i ngach treo) n\u00f3 comhch\u00f3ineas\u00fa t\u00edopeola\u00edoch (na feidhmeanna c\u00e9anna faoi na coinn\u00edollacha \u00e9iceola\u00edocha c\u00e9anna), t\u00e1 s\u00e9 f\u00f3s faoi chonsp\u00f3id. T\u00e1 Buga ar cheann de na sampla\u00ed is fearr doicim\u00e9adaithe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s15 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s15\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s15h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s15h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga agus Geilleagar Tundra na nEbhencach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s15c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s15c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s15t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s15t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00e1 reiligi\u00fan na nEbhencach fite fuaite go dl\u00fath le geilleagar tundra na r\u00e9infhianna. Is \u00e9 Buga anseo an t-ard-dhia agus \u2018\u00fain\u00e9ir&#8217; na r\u00e9infhianna in \u00e9ineacht; gan a chead, n\u00ed cheada\u00edtear r\u00e9infhia a fhiach. N\u00ed \u00f3m\u00f3s amh\u00e1in, mar sin, an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gu\u00ed n\u00f3 agallamh achain\u00edoch le diacht n\u00f3 cumhacht.\" tabindex=\"0\">achain\u00ed<\/span> dheasghn\u00e1ch ar Buga roimh an fhiach, ach <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An dearcadh agus cleachtas reiligi\u00fanach a chaitheann duine ina shaol.\" tabindex=\"0\">cr\u00e1ifeacht<\/span> is cleachtas eacnama\u00edoch chomh maith.<\/p><p>Rinne A. F. Anisimov cur s\u00edos mionchruinn ar an idirnasc seo ina shaothar <em>Religia ewenkov<\/em> (1958). T\u00e1 s\u00e9 seasta i dtraidisi\u00fan leathan antraipeola\u00edocht an reiligi\u00fain nach dtuigeann reiligi\u00fan agus geilleagar mar sf\u00e9ir scartha, ach mar phr\u00f3iseas maireacht\u00e1la comhth\u00e1ite.<\/p><p>I gC\u00f3naidhm na R\u00faise sa l\u00e1 at\u00e1 inniu ann, t\u00e1 geilleagar tundra na nEbhencach faoi bhagairt mh\u00f3r \u00f3 mhianad\u00f3ireacht, \u00f3 bhaint ola agus \u00f3n athr\u00fa aer\u00e1ide. Leis, t\u00e1 coimpl\u00e9asc Buga i mbaol freisin, r\u00e9imse taighde reiligi\u00fan-\u00e9iceola\u00edochta den ch\u00e9ad rang.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2fe9c4aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2fe9c4aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2067a37d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2067a37d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga idir Neamh, Domhan agus an Uachtar\u00e1n Diaga<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2dfd4645 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2dfd4645\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2ebe964b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2ebe964b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Baineann an t\u00e9arma <em>Buga<\/em> le teangacha Tung\u00fasacha, go h\u00e1irithe leis an \u00c9avaincis, agus n\u00ed f\u00e9idir br\u00edshonrach amh\u00e1in a shocr\u00fa air. L\u00e9ir\u00edonn taifid eitneagrafa\u00edochta an focal in amanna mar neamh, in amanna mar dhomhan n\u00f3 ceantar, agus in amanna eile mar ainm ar uachtar\u00e1n dia a bhaineann leis an neamh.<\/p><p>N\u00ed earr\u00e1id aistri\u00fach\u00e1in \u00ed an leithne bhr\u00ed seo, ach l\u00e9ir\u00edonn s\u00ed tuiscint nach raibh scoite go docht idir an domhan beo, a sp\u00e1s f\u00e9in, agus an chumhacht uachtarach a bh\u00ed ag feidhmi\u00fa ann.<\/p><p>Is gann iad na foins\u00ed maidir le <em>Buga<\/em> agus is \u00f3n 19\u00fa agus \u00f3n 20\u00fa haois den chuid is m\u00f3 a thagann siad. Rinne taighdeoir\u00ed R\u00faiseacha agus oifigigh riarach\u00e1in, agus ina dhiaidh sin eiteagrafaithe S\u00f3iv\u00e9adacha ar n\u00f3s Sergei Shirokogorov, a scr\u00edobh saothair bhun\u00fasacha maidir leis na pobail Tung\u00fasacha agus leis an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00f3ras reiligi\u00fanach ina mb\u00edonn speisialt\u00f3ir\u00ed i gcumars\u00e1id leis an domhan spiorad\u00e1lta.\" tabindex=\"0\">seamanachas<\/span>, taifead a choime\u00e1d ar bhl\u00fair\u00ed de na tuiscint\u00ed reiligi\u00fanacha.<\/p><p>Ba \u00e9 Shirokogorov f\u00e9in a chuir b\u00e9im air, \u00e1fach, gur athmh\u00fanla\u00edodh cuid mh\u00f3r de na tuiscint\u00ed seo cheana f\u00e9in tr\u00ed theagmh\u00e1il leis an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An teagasc a aithn\u00edtear mar cheart-chreidmheach.\" tabindex=\"0\">Cheartchreidmheacht<\/span> R\u00faiseach agus le reiligi\u00fain comharsanacha. N\u00ed f\u00e9idir <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An l\u00e9ann eola\u00edoch faoi Dhia agus faoi chreideamh reiligi\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">diagacht<\/span> Tung\u00fasach \u00edon, gan cur isteach, a bhaint amach \u00f3 na foins\u00ed.<\/p><p>Ina theannta sin, bh\u00ed na h\u00c9avaincis scaipthe thar limist\u00e9ar ollmh\u00f3r \u00f3 l\u00e1r na Sib\u00e9ire go dt\u00ed an Aig\u00e9an Ci\u00fain agus iad eagraithe i ngr\u00fapa\u00ed beaga soghluaiste. Bh\u00ed na leaganacha \u00e1iti\u00fala de na tuiscint\u00ed, d\u00e1 bharr sin, \u00e9ags\u00fail go m\u00f3r, agus n\u00ed raibh institi\u00faid ann a shocr\u00f3dh teagasc aontaithe.<\/p><p>D&#8217;fh\u00e9adfadh s\u00e9 a bheith \u00e9ags\u00fail \u00f3 ghr\u00fapa go gr\u00fapa cad a thuigt\u00ed faoi <em>Buga<\/em>. D\u00e1 bhr\u00ed sin, aithn\u00edonn cur s\u00edos iontaofa <em>Buga<\/em> mar th\u00e9arma deacair a shaini\u00fa go beacht, t\u00e9arma a d&#8217;fh\u00e9adfadh, de r\u00e9ir an chomhth\u00e9acs, tagairt n\u00edos m\u00f3 don sp\u00e1s beo anam\u00fail n\u00f3 do dhia uachtarach, gan an d\u00e1 ghn\u00e9 sin a scaradh go glan \u00f3na ch\u00e9ile.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Litr\u00edocht (rogha)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Sergei Shirokogoroff: <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em> (1935)<\/li><li>A. F. Anisimov: <em>Religia ewenkov<\/em> (1958)<\/li><li>Mircea Eliade: <em>Le chamanisme<\/em> (1951)<\/li><li>Roberte Hamayon: <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em> (1990)<\/li><li>Andrei Znamenski: <em>Shamanism and Western Imagination<\/em> (2007)<\/li><li>Vladimir Basilov: <em>Shamanism in Siberia<\/em> (1984)<\/li><li>G. M. Vasilevich: <em>Ewenki<\/em> (1969)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-bugatungus e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-bugatungus\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-bugatungus-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-bugatungus-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ag na h\u00c9avaincis-Tung\u00fasaigh, meastar gur \u00e9 Buga an t-uachtar\u00e1n uilechoiteann a chuims\u00edonn neamh, talamh agus fo-dhomhan, agus is de \u00e9 a ghlaoitear i n-amhr\u00e1in seamain mar ch\u00falra dofheicthe, uilel\u00e1ithreach a bhaineann leis an uile bheo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Pr\u00edomhth\u00e9arma\u00ed gaolmhara: Buga \u00c9avaincis Tung\u00fasaigh Shirokogoroff Khargi seven Crann Beatha na Domhan.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-buga-tungus\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard agus traidisi\u00fain chosanta<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>T\u00e1 iWell Guard ag lean\u00faint traidisi\u00fan cult\u00farstaireach na n-oidhreachta\u00ed cosanta iniompartha, i dtraidisi\u00fan <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/seamanachas-tengrachas-na-siberia-an-steipe-an-taiga\/\">na Sib\u00e9ire \/ an Teingriachais<\/a> agus go leor cult\u00far eile ar fud an domhain. 41 leibh\u00e9al, f\u00edor\u00f3r, platanam, airgead, d\u00e9anta sa Ghearm\u00e1in. Ceart tuairisce\u00e1in 30 l\u00e1.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">Tuilleadh eolais faoin iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">Tuilleadh eolais faoin iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Pers\u00f6nliche Erfahrungen k\u00f6nnen unterschiedlich sein. Kein Medizinprodukt. Kein Heilversprechen.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">N\u00ed <strong>fearas m\u00edochaine<\/strong> \u00e9 iWell Guard agus n\u00ed chuireann s\u00e9 c\u00f3ire\u00e1il liachta n\u00f3 s\u00edceteiripe ar bith in ionad. Is l\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa stairi\u00fail-cult\u00fartha iad na h\u00e1bhair reiligi\u00fain-eola\u00edochta seo, n\u00ed moladh cleachtais spiorad\u00e1lta.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2862,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Buga Ard-Dhia Eibhinceach Tung\u00fasach","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Buga \u2013 Ard-Dhia Tung\u00fasach-Eibhinceach, Miotas agus Foins\u00ed","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Is \u00e9 Buga ard-dhia na nEibhinceach Tung\u00fasach, agus \u00e9 ionannaithe leis an sp\u00e9ir agus leis an cruinne. L\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa le miotas agus foins\u00ed.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"1","wesen_kultur":"sibirisch-tengrismus","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-188521","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Buga \u2013 Ard-Dhia Tung\u00fasach-Eibhinceach, Miotas agus Foins\u00ed<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Is \u00e9 Buga ard-dhia na nEibhinceach Tung\u00fasach, agus \u00e9 ionannaithe leis an sp\u00e9ir agus leis an cruinne. 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