{"id":188292,"date":"2026-09-07T03:35:43","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T03:35:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=188292"},"modified":"2026-09-07T03:39:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T03:39:33","slug":"proserpina","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/proserpina\/","title":{"rendered":"Proserpina"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"188292\" class=\"elementor elementor-188292 elementor-1979 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Proserpina, bandia de thraidisi\u00fan na R\u00f3imhe<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is \u00ed Proserpina bandia an domhain \u00edochtaraigh agus na hais\u00e9ir\u00ed i dtraidisi\u00fan na R\u00f3imhe. Is \u00ed c\u00e9ile Phluto \u00ed agus flaitheas an domhain marbh aici, ach fanann s\u00ed ceangailte le rotha\u00ed an d\u00falra d\u00e1 filleadh bliant\u00fail ar an domhan uachtarach. \u00d3 thaobh na reiligi\u00faneola\u00edochta de, is ionann\u00fa \u00ed Proserpina den aistri\u00fa idir an bheatha agus an b\u00e1s, idir an domhan uachtarach agus an domhan \u00edochtarach.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Dia \/ Bandia: Cumhacht uachtarach phearsantaithe i bpaint\u00e9on cult\u00fair, le freagrachta\u00ed soil\u00e9ire, f\u00f3rsa\u00ed an d\u00falra, cinni\u00faint, cogadh, torth\u00falacht. Adhradh tr\u00ed chultais, \u00edobairt\u00ed agus institi\u00faid\u00ed teampaill.\">Bandia<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/an-roimh\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Reiligi\u00fan R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach \u00f3n r\u00edthiacht go dt\u00ed an tr\u00e9imhse \u00e1rsa dh\u00e9anach, sioncr\u00e9iseach le sraitheanna Gr\u00e9agach agus Etr\u00fascach.\">An R\u00f3imh<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/deithe-marbh\/\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"D\u00e9ithe an domhain \u00edochtaraigh agus an bh\u00e1is, flaithis an tsaoil eile, breithi\u00fana na marbh, treoraithe anamacha.\">Diagacht an Bh\u00e1is<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 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data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_proserpina-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-190497\" alt=\"Proserpina \u2013 d\u00e9ithe \u00f3 thraidisi\u00fan na R\u00f3imhe, l\u00e9irithe go stairi\u00fail\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_proserpina-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_proserpina-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_proserpina-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_proserpina.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Proserpina<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u00e9ir\u00edonn Proserpina an d\u00e9chine\u00e1l idir maighdeanas agus p\u00f3sadh, idir neamhurch\u00f3ideacht agus \u00fadar\u00e1s r\u00edoga. Is in\u00edon \u00ed le Ceres (arbhar), c\u00e9ile Phluto agus flaitheas ar na mairbh.<\/p><p>M\u00edn\u00edonn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi na d\u00e9ithe, t\u00fas na cruthaitheachta agus ord an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">miotas<\/span> a fuadaigh ag Pluto na hathruithe s\u00e9as\u00faracha sa d\u00falra agus strucht\u00far na bliana. Is iad torth\u00falacht, aibi\u00fa, aistri\u00fa agus cead\u00fa beatha nua \u00f3n domhan marbh a gn\u00e9ithe l\u00e1rnacha. Cheili\u00fair na Mist\u00e9ir\u00ed Eiles\u00edneacha a r\u00f3l san athnuachan chosmach.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gearrphr\u00f3if\u00edl: Proserpina<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Foins\u00ed: Metamorphoses Naoi go h\u00daimhir 5 le Ovid, Georgica le Virgil, De Natura Deorum le Cicero, Metamorphoses le Apuleius, iomainn do Proserpina, inscr\u00edbhinn\u00ed Laidine agus feartlaoithe ar leacacha uaighe. Litr\u00edocht th\u00e1naisteach: Georg Wissowa, Karl Latte, Walter Burkert (maidir leis an chumasc le Persephone), Hubert Cancik. Bh\u00ed adhradh Proserpina l\u00e1idir sna cultais Eiles\u00edneacha, ach bh\u00ed s\u00e9 coitianta freisin i dtithe pr\u00edobh\u00e1ideacha san Iod\u00e1il, sa Ghaill agus san Afraic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comhth\u00e9acs<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tr\u00e9imhse na dt\u00e9acsanna<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>D&#8217;fhan Proserpina i l\u00e1thair fi\u00fa tar \u00e9is deireadh an chultais \u00e1rsa. Chuir cur s\u00edos Ovid ar an fhuadach ina Metamorphoses agus eipic dh\u00e9anach Claudian, De raptu Proserpinae, br\u00ed bheo leis an \u00e1bhar, agus th\u00f3g p\u00e9int\u00e9ir\u00ed agus dealbh\u00f3ir\u00ed \u00f3n Renaissance go Bernini agus Rossetti \u00e9 ar aghaidh. Scr\u00edobh Goethe monadr\u00e1ma faoi. Cro\u00edl\u00e1r an mhiotais, an bhliain roinnte idir an domhan uachtarach agus an domhan \u00edochtarach, is \u00e9 an l\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa \u00e1rsa is aithnidi\u00fala ar na s\u00e9as\u00fair go dt\u00ed an l\u00e1 inniu.<\/p><h3>Su\u00edomh miotaseola\u00edoch<\/h3><p>Is \u00ed Proserpina bandia R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach an earraigh agus an domhain \u00edochtaraigh, in\u00edon Ceres. T\u00e1 a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi na d\u00e9ithe, t\u00fas na cruthaitheachta agus ord an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">miotas<\/span>, an fuadach ag Pluto agus an filleadh, l\u00e1rnach do thuiscint na s\u00e9as\u00far. N\u00ed neach gan chumhacht \u00ed, ach flaitheas an domhain \u00edochtaraigh in \u00e9ineacht le Pluto. Is figi\u00far d\u00e9bhr\u00edoch \u00ed an athraithe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">R\u00e9imse leathnaithe<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bh\u00ed Proserpina aithnidi\u00fail agus adhrata n\u00f3 eaglaithe le meas ar fud domhan ioml\u00e1n na R\u00f3imhe, gan teorainn le r\u00e9igi\u00fain n\u00f3 l\u00e1ithreacha faoi leith. B\u00edodh s\u00e9 i m\u00f3rionaid uirbeach n\u00f3 i r\u00e9igi\u00fan tuaithe imeallach, ag an uasaicme sh\u00f3isialta n\u00f3 ag an ngn\u00e1thphobal, bh\u00ed t\u00e1bhacht spiorad\u00e1lta n\u00f3 chult\u00fartha na diagachta seo aitheanta go lean\u00fanach agus go huil\u00edoch.<\/p><p>Ba chinneadh st\u00e1it \u00e9 glacadh le Proserpina sa R\u00f3imh: ar ord\u00fa na Leabhair Shibileacha, buna\u00edodh a cultas i 249 R.Ch. in \u00e9ineacht le cultas Dis Pater chun tubaiste a sheachaint \u00f3n bpobal. Th\u00e1inig a r\u00e9amhshamhail Ghr\u00e9agach Persephone go dt\u00ed an R\u00f3imh tr\u00ed choil\u00edneachta\u00ed na hIod\u00e1ile Theas agus na Sicile; l\u00e9ir\u00edonn tearmann Locri agus l\u00e1ithreacha cultais na Sicile conas a leathnaigh agus a chomhchuibhigh tr\u00e1d\u00e1il agus coil\u00edni\u00fa an adhradh ar fud na Me\u00e1nmhara.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Staid na bunfhoins\u00ed<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bunfhoins\u00ed: Metamorphoses 5 le Ovid (Fuadach Phroserpina), Georgica agus Aeneis le Virgil, Iomann H\u00f3im\u00e9ar chuig Deim\u00e9itear (a chomhionann Gr\u00e9agach), De Natura Deorum le Cicero, trag\u00f3id\u00ed Seneca.<\/p><p>Tr\u00e9imhse: an 5\u00fa haois R.Ch. go dt\u00ed an 6\u00fa haois I.Ch. Taighdeoir\u00ed: Georg Wissowa, Karl Latte (Stair Reiligi\u00fain na R\u00f3imhe), Walter Burkert (Reiligi\u00fan na Gr\u00e9ige), Manfred Clauss (Cultais). Fianaise seand\u00e1la\u00edochta: tearmainn Eiles\u00edneacha, s\u00e9adchomhartha\u00ed uaighe \u00f3n tr\u00e9imhse R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach, deficsi\u00fain a bhfuil ainm Phroserpina orthu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ainmni\u00fa agus leaganacha litrithe<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u00e9ir\u00edtear Proserpina i bhfoins\u00ed \u00e9ags\u00fala agus i dtraidisi\u00fain eala\u00edne le heilimint\u00ed \u00edoc\u00f3nagrafa\u00edochta athfhillteach \u00e1irithe a fhanann seasmhach go leor thar na deich mbliana agus thar r\u00e9igi\u00fain gheografacha \u00e9ags\u00fala. T\u00e1 na heilimint\u00ed seo c\u00f3daithe go domhain siombalach agus t\u00e1 t\u00e1bhacht mh\u00f3r ag baint leo; n\u00ed f\u00e9idir iad a mh\u00edni\u00fa mar mhaisi\u00fa neamhurch\u00f3ideach n\u00f3 mar rogha randamach.<\/p><p>Sna h\u00edomh\u00e1nna de Phroserpina, l\u00e9ir\u00edtear a d\u00fachine\u00e1l. L\u00e9ir\u00edonn diasa, bl\u00e1thanna agus an phomagr\u00e1n\u00e1it torth\u00falacht agus f\u00e1sra, agus ag an am c\u00e9anna an toradh a cheangail \u00ed leis an domhan \u00edochtarach. Baineann an t\u00f3irse le cuardach a m\u00e1thar Ceres, agus l\u00e9ir\u00edonn an r\u00edchathaoir in aice Phluto \u00ed mar bhanr\u00edon an domhain marbh. Duine a bh\u00ed eolach ar an miotas, d&#8217;aithin siad c\u00e9im de a sc\u00e9al i ngach ceann de na comhartha\u00ed seo: fuadach, cuardach, pomagr\u00e1n\u00e1it, an bhliain roinnte. Ins\u00edonn na hair\u00edonna miotas na s\u00e9as\u00far i bhfoirm chomhbhr\u00faite.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cur s\u00edos<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bh\u00ed Proserpina l\u00e1rnach i gcleachtas reiligi\u00fanach na R\u00f3imhe, i ngn\u00e1thdheasghn\u00e1tha an tsaoil laeth\u00fail agus i dtuiscint choitianta na ndaoine. D&#8217;iompaigh daoine i dtreo na haon\u00e1ide seo in amanna critici\u00fala n\u00f3 cinntitheacha den saol, n\u00f3 ag s\u00e9as\u00faracha deasghn\u00e1tha \u00e1irithe, le deasghn\u00e1tha strucht\u00fartha, minic saothraithe, gu\u00edonna n\u00f3 ofr\u00e1lacha.<\/p><p>Bh\u00ed cultas Proserpina go daingean rialaithe sa R\u00f3imh. Sa bhliain 249 R.Ch. tugadh a hadhradh isteach go hoifigi\u00fail in \u00e9ineacht le Dis Pater, agus lean na h\u00edobairt\u00ed ag an alt\u00f3ir faoi thalamh de Tarentum i R\u00e9im an Mhairs riail dheasghn\u00e1tha shonrach. Sna mist\u00e9ir\u00ed faoi thionchar na Gr\u00e9ige, a bhain lena samhail Persephone, sti\u00fair oifigigh chultais a ceapadh go sonrach na t\u00edolactha\u00ed; bh\u00ed rannph\u00e1irt\u00edocht agus imeacht na deasghn\u00e1tha faoi r\u00e9ir rialacha dochta.<\/p><p>Ba iad na deasghn\u00e1tha do Proserpina a chomhl\u00edon feidhmeanna nithi\u00fala ar feadh na gc\u00e9adta bliain. Mar bhandia f\u00e1sra, glaodh uirthi in \u00e9ineacht le Ceres ar mhaithe le rath an s\u00edl, is \u00e9 sin le r\u00e1, ar mhaithe le bun\u00fas cothaithe an phobail. Mar bhanr\u00edon an tsaoil eile, ghlac s\u00ed le t\u00edolactha\u00ed a bh\u00ed ceaptha glacadh tr\u00f3caireach na marbh a chinnti\u00fa. L\u00e9irigh a miotas faoin ard\u00fa agus an dul faoi bliant\u00fail dul chun cinn na s\u00e9as\u00far freisin, agus thug s\u00e9 foirm inl\u00e1imhsithe don aistri\u00fa idir an bheatha agus an b\u00e1s.<\/p><h3>Cuma agus siombalachas<\/h3><p>L\u00e9ir\u00edtear Proserpina i gc\u00e9imeanna aistrithe, uaireanta \u00f3g agus earrach\u00fail, uaireanta dorcha. Caitheann s\u00ed cor\u00f3in agus is minic a bh\u00edonn eochracha aici. Is \u00e9 an pomegranate a hair\u00edonna (s\u00edolta na filleadh). Baineann diasa eorna agus bl\u00e1thanna l\u00e9i freisin. Is \u00e9 a d\u00e9bhr\u00edocht a neart.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sonra\u00ed: Proserpina<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u00edn\u00edonn na sonra\u00ed seo d\u00falra Proserpina tr\u00ed sh\u00e9 ghn\u00e9: a bun\u00fas miotaseola\u00edoch agus a leathadh, na foirmeacha adhartha aici sa reiligi\u00fan agus sa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cleachtais a fh\u00e9achann le cur isteach ar ch\u00farsa na n-imeachta\u00ed tr\u00ed ghn\u00edomhartha n\u00f3 foirmeacha faoi leith.\" tabindex=\"0\">dra\u00edocht<\/span>, a l\u00e9iri\u00fa tr\u00e9ithi\u00fail san eala\u00edn agus i siombail\u00ed, t\u00e1bhacht na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Aitheasc achain\u00edoch n\u00f3 agairtheach chuig dia n\u00f3 cumhacht.\" tabindex=\"0\">agartha<\/span> agus na measa, figi\u00fair\u00ed gaolmhara i gcult\u00fair chomharsanachta agus forbhreathn\u00fa deiridh ar a feidhm chosmach mar bhandia an aistrithe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bun\u00fas Proserpina<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is \u00ed Proserpina an leagan R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach den Persephone Gr\u00e9agach, agus tagann s\u00ed \u00f3 mhiotais Ind-Eorpach faoi bhand\u00e9ithe torth\u00falachta. Bh\u00ed an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al a tugadh anuas faoi na d\u00e9ithe, faoi bhun\u00fasanna agus faoi ord an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">miotas<\/span> fuadaigh (Laidin: raptus) ina m\u00edni\u00fa bunaidh ar thimthriallta s\u00e9as\u00faracha na f\u00e1sra. Sa R\u00f3imh, adhradh Proserpina mar ch\u00e9ile Pl\u00fata, neamhsple\u00e1ch agus cumhachtach.<\/p><p>T\u00e9ann na tagairt\u00ed is luaithe siar go dt\u00ed an 5\u00fa haois R.Ch., ach neartaigh siad faoi thionchar na Gr\u00e9ige (2\u00fa-1\u00fa haois R.Ch.). Leath cultais mist\u00e9ireacha Eil\u00edsise \u00ed ar fud an domhain <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tr\u00e9imhse an chult\u00fair Ghr\u00e9agaigh agus R\u00f3mh\u00e1naigh, timpeall 800 R.Ch. go 600 A.D.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00e1rsa<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Spriocphobal Proserpina<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ghlaoigh feirmeoir\u00ed ar Proserpina ag am cur s\u00edl agus ag am an fh\u00f3mhair, mn\u00e1 torracha (mar r\u00e1tha\u00ed na beatha nua), agus daoine faoi bhr\u00f3n (chun na mairbh a chi\u00fan\u00fa).<\/p><p>Bh\u00ed na Mist\u00e9ir\u00ed Eil\u00edsise faoi r\u00fan dian, ach thuairiscigh a rannph\u00e1irtithe r\u00f3l Proserpina mar bhringer d\u00f3chais i ndiaidh an bh\u00e1is. I dtithe pr\u00edobh\u00e1ideacha, ghuigh daoine chuici ar mhaithe le torth\u00falacht agus cosaint na bp\u00e1ist\u00ed. Bh\u00ed an Anthesteria (f\u00e9ile na mbl\u00e1thanna) ina f\u00e9ile bhliant\u00fail ina hon\u00f3ir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L\u00e9iri\u00fa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u00e9ir\u00edtear Proserpina mar bhean \u00f3g n\u00f3 mar bhanr\u00edon aib\u00ed, ag brath ar ch\u00e9im an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al a tugadh anuas faoi na d\u00e9ithe, faoi bhun\u00fasanna agus faoi ord an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">mhiotais<\/span>, \u00f3g le linn an fhuadaigh, aib\u00ed agus cor\u00f3naithe mar rialt\u00f3ir an tsaoil eile.<\/p><p>Is iad a hair\u00edonna cloigeann na poip\u00edne (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Comhartha a sheasann in ionad smaoineamh n\u00f3 br\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">siombail<\/span> na codlata agus an bh\u00e1is), an chornucopia (raidhse), an tslat r\u00edoga, agus an t\u00f3irse (lasann s\u00ed sa dorchadas sa saol eile). Ar bhoinn, su\u00edonn s\u00ed in aice le Pl\u00fata n\u00f3 caitheann s\u00ed cor\u00f3in. Ar leacht uaighe, is siombail \u00ed ar aistri\u00fa agus ar dh\u00f3chas maireacht\u00e1la.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gn\u00edomha\u00edocht<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>R\u00e9imse feidhme:<\/strong> Is \u00ed Proserpina (Persephone freisin, Gr\u00e9igis) bandia an tsaoil eile sa R\u00f3imh, in\u00edon Ceres (Demeter) agus c\u00e9ile Pl\u00fata (Hades).<\/p><p>L\u00e9ir\u00edonn s\u00ed an aistri\u00fa idir na s\u00e9as\u00fair, idir an bheatha agus an b\u00e1s. M\u00edn\u00edonn a fuadach chun an tsaoil eile agus a filleadh bliant\u00fail chuig a m\u00e1thair aistri\u00fa an tsamhraidh agus an gheimhridh. N\u00ed bh\u00edonn s\u00ed gan chumhacht n\u00e1 fulangach; i m\u00f3r\u00e1n t\u00e9acsanna, is \u00ed rialt\u00f3ir an tsaoil eile \u00ed, bean ph\u00f3sta lena r\u00edocht f\u00e9in.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uirlis\u00ed cosanta<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bh\u00ed Proserpina faoi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Aitheasc achain\u00edoch n\u00f3 agairtheach chuig dia n\u00f3 cumhacht.\" tabindex=\"0\">agartha<\/span> agus adhradh cosantach, mar idirghabh\u00e1la\u00ed idir an bheatha agus an b\u00e1s, n\u00ed bandia dh\u00edobh\u00e1lach \u00ed. B&#8217;iad na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bronntanas chuig dia chun bu\u00edochas, achain\u00ed n\u00f3 adhradh a l\u00e9iri\u00fa.\" tabindex=\"0\">h\u00edobairt\u00ed<\/span> poip\u00edn, mil, tortha\u00ed agus ainmhithe dubha.<\/p><p>Ag \u00f3c\u00e1id\u00ed br\u00f3in, ghuigh daoine chuici chun na mairbh a chur faoi a r\u00e9im agus chun s\u00edoch\u00e1in a thabhairt d\u00f3ibh. Chaith mn\u00e1 torracha amul\u00e9id le h\u00edomh\u00e1 di. Bhain <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cleachtais a fh\u00e9achann le cur isteach ar ch\u00farsa na n-imeachta\u00ed tr\u00ed ghn\u00edomhartha n\u00f3 foirmeacha faoi leith.\" tabindex=\"0\">dra\u00edocht<\/span> \u00fas\u00e1id go minic a hainm chun <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Deasghn\u00e1th teanga at\u00e1 ceaptha cumhacht a ghlaoch n\u00f3 a cheangal.\" tabindex=\"0\">agairt<\/span> a dh\u00e9anamh n\u00f3 chun cosaint ar dhrochspioraid a fh\u00e1il.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ruda\u00ed Inchompar\u00e1ide<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is \u00ed Persephone (Gr\u00e9igis) an tsamhail dh\u00edreach agus fanann s\u00ed strucht\u00farach comhionann. T\u00e1 Inanna\/Ishtar sa Mheasapat\u00e1im cos\u00fail l\u00e9i ina turas chun an tsaoil eile, ach n\u00ed ina ceangal s\u00e9as\u00farach. I r\u00e9imse na h\u00c9igipte, l\u00e9ir\u00edonn Osiris (fireann) feidhmeanna cos\u00fail l\u00e9i mar bhreithi\u00fanas na marbh agus mar fhigi\u00far d\u00f3chais. Is rialt\u00f3ir an tsaoil eile n\u00edos l\u00fa d\u00e9bhr\u00edoch \u00ed Hel sa traidisi\u00fan Gearm\u00e1nach.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Proserpina, cos\u00falachta\u00ed i gcult\u00fair eile<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is \u00e9 Proserpina an leagan R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach den Persephone Ghr\u00e9agach; nascadh a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi dh\u00e9ithe, faoi bhun\u00fas ruda\u00ed agus faoi eagar an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">mhiotas<\/span> le f\u00e9ilire s\u00edolchuir na R\u00f3imhe agus leis na hEileuis\u00ednigh. C\u00e9 go bhfanann Persephone ina pr\u00edomhfhigi\u00far br\u00f3in sa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi dh\u00e9ithe, faoi bhun\u00fas ruda\u00ed agus faoi eagar an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">mhiotas<\/span> ceithre-sh\u00e9as\u00farach, ghlac Proserpina i gcleachtas na R\u00f3imhe le c\u00faraim\u00ed cosanta breise don ph\u00f3sadh agus don teaghlach.<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>Traidisi\u00fan Gi\u00fadach:<\/strong> Sa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ioml\u00e1n na sc\u00e9alta d\u00e9ithe traidisi\u00fanta de chult\u00far ar bith.\" tabindex=\"0\">mhiotaseola\u00edocht<\/span> Ghi\u00fadach n\u00edl aon bandia den domhan \u00edochtair ann. Is r\u00edocht neafaiseach neamhbheo \u00e9 an Sheol gan bhainisteoir pearsanaithe. N\u00ed luaitear cr\u00e9at\u00fair aingealda ach amh\u00e1in sa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sruth i mist\u00edceacht na nGi\u00fadach le m\u00f3rshaothair mar Sefer Jezira agus Sohar.\" tabindex=\"0\">Chabala<\/span> agus san aipocailipteachas n\u00edos d\u00e9ana\u00ed, ach n\u00ed bh\u00edonn a leathbhreac de Proserpina i l\u00e1thair.<\/p><p><strong>An Domhan Gr\u00e9agach-R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach:<\/strong> Is \u00e9 Persephone an bunleagan Gr\u00e9agach de Proserpina. I gcultanna comhroinnte (go h\u00e1irithe \u00f3n 3\u00fa haois R.Ch. ar aghaidh) chumaisc na hainmneacha agus na feidhmeanna, ach d&#8217;fhan an strucht\u00far mar a ch\u00e9ile. Chuir d\u00e9ithe eile den domhan \u00edochtair (Hecate) leo, gan Persephone a dh\u00edl\u00e1ithri\u00fa.<\/p><p><strong>Mesopot\u00e1im:<\/strong> T\u00e9ann Inanna\/Ishtar ar thuras chun an domhain \u00edochtair agus gabhtar go sealadach \u00ed ansin, ach filleann s\u00ed ar ais, rud at\u00e1 cos\u00fail \u00f3 thaobh strucht\u00fair le timthriall s\u00e9as\u00farach Proserpina, ach n\u00edos dr\u00e1mata\u00ed agus n\u00edos l\u00fa athnuachana.<\/p><p><strong>An India\/an \u00c1ise:<\/strong> San Hiond\u00fachas, l\u00e9ir\u00edonn Kali scrios agus athnuachan, ach n\u00ed roinneann s\u00ed r\u00f3l nithi\u00fail Proserpina mar ch\u00e9ile an dia mairbh. San Bh\u00fadachas luath, n\u00edl a leith\u00e9id de fhigi\u00far ann; is l\u00fa a bh\u00edonn an domhan \u00edochtair pearsanaithe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp96567ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp96567ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp39824e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp39824e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fuadach Proserpina go mion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp625c136 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp625c136\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp57771b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp57771b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Is \u00e9 an t-imeacht l\u00e1rnach a bhaineann le Proserpina an fuadach a d&#8217;imir Pl\u00fat\u00f3n, tiarna an domhain \u00edochtair, uirthi. Cuireann Ovid an sc\u00e9al os \u00e1r gcomhair go mion sa ch\u00faigi\u00fa leabhar de <em>Metamorphoses<\/em>, agus tugann s\u00e9 leagan eile, at\u00e1n athraithe beag\u00e1n, in <em>Fasti<\/em>. De r\u00e9ir Ovid, bh\u00ed Proserpina i mbun bl\u00e1thanna a phiocadh lena comp\u00e1naigh i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gr\u00fapa crann coisricthe a d'fheidhmigh mar \u00e1it chult\u00fartha.\" tabindex=\"0\">garr\u00e1n<\/span> in aice le loch Pergus na Sicile, gar do Henna.<\/p><p>Buaileann Pl\u00fat\u00f3n, faoi thionchar saighead Cupid, l\u00e9i, breith s\u00e9 uirthi agus tugann s\u00e9 l\u00e9i go domhain s\u00edos i gcarr. Oscla\u00edonn an talamh ag loch Cyane, agus d\u00e9anann nimf an locha sin iarracht in aisce cur i gcoinne.<\/p><p>Cuarda\u00edonn Ceres, an mh\u00e1thair, ar fud an domhain ar fad ar lorg a hin\u00edne. In a cuthach, d\u00e9anann s\u00ed, dar le Ovid, an tSicil a dh\u00e9anamh neamhthorth\u00fail. N\u00ed h\u00e9 go dt\u00ed go dtugann an nimf Arethusa sc\u00e9al di, \u00e1 r\u00e1 go bhfaca s\u00ed Proserpina mar bhanr\u00edon an domhain \u00edochtair. Casann Ceres i dtreo Jupiter.<\/p><p>Ach teipeann ar an fhilleadh de bharr coinn\u00edoll na Parcae: an duine a d&#8217;ith bia sa domhan \u00edochtair, n\u00ed f\u00e9idir leis filleadh ar ais. D&#8217;ith Proserpina seacht s\u00edol de \u00fall gr\u00e1inne, agus bh\u00ed Ascalaphus ag faire, a chas s\u00ed mar sin ina ulchabh\u00e1n m\u00f3r.<\/p><p>Idirghabhann Jupiter comhr\u00e9iteach. Caitheann Proserpina cuid den bhliain ar domhan uachtair lena m\u00e1thair, agus cuid eile sa domhan \u00edochtair le Pl\u00fat\u00f3n. Luann Ovid in <em>Fasti<\/em> roinnt cothrom, ach in <em>Metamorphoses<\/em> luann s\u00e9 c\u00f3imheas dh\u00e1 chuid go haon cheann i bhfabhar an domhain uachtair.<\/p><p>L\u00e9ir\u00edonn an t-athr\u00fa seo, at\u00e1 le f\u00e1il sna foins\u00ed \u00e1rsa f\u00e9in, nach raibh aon fhoirm chan\u00f3nach shocraithe leis an sc\u00e9al. T\u00e1 dl\u00fathbhaint idir an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi dh\u00e9ithe, faoi bhun\u00fas ruda\u00ed agus faoi eagar an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">mhiotas<\/span> agus an t-\u00e1bhar Gr\u00e9agach Deim\u00e9itear-Persephone, a bhfuil an leagan is ioml\u00e1ine le f\u00e1il sa <em>Deim\u00e9itear-Aoir Homaireach<\/em>. Ghlac litr\u00edocht na R\u00f3imhe leis an \u00e1bhar sin go m\u00f3r, ach chuir s\u00ed an su\u00edomh sa tSicil, a bh\u00ed ina l\u00e1rionad cult\u00fartha do Ceres.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5c9ee0b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp5c9ee0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4f63d12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp4f63d12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Proserpina agus miotas na s\u00e9as\u00far<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp39c0a19 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp39c0a19\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp45c5234 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp45c5234\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u00e9adh sc\u00e9al Proserpina, a bh\u00ed ina c\u00f3na\u00ed roinnte, san <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tr\u00e9imhse chult\u00far na Gr\u00e9ige agus na R\u00f3imhe, \u00f3 thart ar 800 R.Ch. go 600 A.D.\" tabindex=\"0\">seaniarsma\u00ed<\/span> f\u00e9in mar mh\u00edni\u00fa ar athr\u00fa na s\u00e9as\u00far. Freagra\u00edonn a tr\u00e9imhse sa domhan \u00edochtair don tr\u00e9imhse gan f\u00e1s f\u00e1sra, agus freagra\u00edonn a fillte chuig a m\u00e1thair don fh\u00e1s.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 an l\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa seo bun\u00fasach sna t\u00e9acsanna \u00e1rsa, mar shampla nuair a nascann Ovid br\u00f3n Ceres le neamhthorth\u00falacht na tal\u00fan. Th\u00f3g an taighde reiligi\u00fanach den 19\u00fa agus t\u00fas an 20\u00fa haois, go h\u00e1irithe timpeall James Frazer agus na Cambridge Ritualists mar a tugadh orthu, teoiric chuimsitheach ar dh\u00e9ithe f\u00e1sra a fhaigheann b\u00e1s agus a fhilleann.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 an taighde nua\u00ed n\u00edos c\u00farama\u00ed faoin l\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa seo. L\u00e9ir\u00edonn s\u00e9 go bhfuada\u00edtear Proserpina agus go riala\u00edonn s\u00ed, seachas b\u00e1s a fh\u00e1il, agus nach lu\u00edonn timthriall aer\u00e1ide na Me\u00e1nmhara, le samhradh tirim agus geimhreadh fliuch, go h\u00e9asca leis an teoiric sin.<\/p><p>L\u00e9ann roinnt scol\u00e1ir\u00ed an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi dh\u00e9ithe, faoi bhun\u00fas ruda\u00ed agus faoi eagar an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">mhiotas<\/span> mar sc\u00e9al tionscnaimh agus p\u00f3sta seachas sin: d\u00e9anann Proserpina an t-aistri\u00fa \u00f3 chail\u00edn go bean, \u00f3 theach a m\u00e1thar go teach a fir ch\u00e9ile. Taca\u00edonn an \u00fall gr\u00e1inne, a bhaintear go minic le torth\u00falacht agus le p\u00f3sadh, leis an l\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa seo.<\/p><p>N\u00ed chuireann an d\u00e1 l\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa in aghaidh a ch\u00e9ile. D&#8217;fh\u00e9adfadh cultanna na <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tr\u00e9imhse chult\u00far na Gr\u00e9ige agus na R\u00f3imhe, \u00f3 thart ar 800 R.Ch. go 600 A.D.\" tabindex=\"0\">seaniarsma\u00ed<\/span> an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi dh\u00e9ithe, faoi bhun\u00fas ruda\u00ed agus faoi eagar an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">mhiotas<\/span> c\u00e9anna a thuiscint ar leibh\u00e9il \u00e9ags\u00fala. I gc\u00e1s on\u00f3ir Ceres-Proserpina sa R\u00f3imh, bh\u00ed an nasc talmha\u00edochta l\u00e1rnach ar aon n\u00f3s, mar a l\u00e9ir\u00edonn f\u00e9ile na <em>Cerialia<\/em> i m\u00ed Aibre\u00e1in.<\/p><p>Chomh maith leis sin, bh\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An dearcadh agus an cleachtas reiligi\u00fanach a bh\u00ed ag duine ina shaol f\u00e9in.\" tabindex=\"0\">cr\u00e1ifeacht<\/span> n\u00edos pearsanta agus n\u00edos d\u00edrithe ar an saol eile ann, a bh\u00ed lonnaithe sna cultanna mist\u00e9ire agus a dh\u00edrigh ar dh\u00f3chas an duine aonair thar an mb\u00e1s. N\u00ed f\u00e9idir na naisc dhl\u00fath seo i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ioml\u00e1n na ngn\u00edomhartha on\u00f3ra reiligi\u00fanacha do dhia n\u00f3 do fhigi\u00far coisricthe ar bith.\" tabindex=\"0\">chultas<\/span> na R\u00f3imhe a at\u00f3g\u00e1il go hioml\u00e1n \u00f3 na foins\u00ed easnamhach.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa45d7ca e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpa45d7ca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp26d5ef9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp26d5ef9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cultas agus mist\u00e9ir\u00ed Ceres agus Proserpina sa R\u00f3imh<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp09178ee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp09178ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp875fb57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp875fb57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sa R\u00f3imh is annamh a bh\u00ed Proserpina ina haonar mar \u00e1bhar adhartha. Is minice a l\u00e1ithr\u00edonn s\u00ed in \u00e9ineacht le Ceres. Bh\u00ed an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Foirgneamh a dh\u00e9antar chun \u00f3m\u00f3s a thabhairt do dhia n\u00f3 do dh\u00e9ithe amh\u00e1in n\u00f3 n\u00edos m\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teampall<\/span> is t\u00e1bhachta\u00ed ag an d\u00e1 bhandia ar Chnoc Aventine, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"T\u00edolactha do rud sacr\u00e1ilte tr\u00ed ghn\u00edomh reiligi\u00fanach, agus d\u00e1 bharr sin t\u00f3gtha amach \u00f3n saol laeth\u00fail.\" tabindex=\"0\">t\u00edolacadh<\/span> de r\u00e9ir an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An t-eolas agus na sc\u00e9alta a chuirtear ar aghaidh \u00f3 ghl\u00fain go gl\u00fain.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradisi\u00fain<\/span> go luath sa ch\u00faigi\u00fa haois roimh r\u00e9, in \u00e9ineacht le Liber.<\/p><p>Measadh gur macasamhail phl\u00e9ibi\u00fail den tr\u00edonna paitrisiach ar an Chapitoline a bh\u00ed sa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Comhioml\u00e1n na ngn\u00edomhartha reiligi\u00fanach \u00f3m\u00f3is do dhia n\u00f3 do dhuine sacr\u00e1ilte.\" tabindex=\"0\">chult<\/span> seo ar Aventine, agus mar sin bh\u00ed gn\u00e9 sh\u00f3isialta agus pholaiti\u00fail ag baint leis freisin.<\/p><p>Bh\u00ed foirm ar leith ag na <em>sacra Cereris<\/em>, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Comhioml\u00e1n na ngn\u00edomhartha reiligi\u00fanach \u00f3m\u00f3is do dhia n\u00f3 do dhuine sacr\u00e1ilte.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> le m\u00fanla Gr\u00e9agach, a bh\u00ed, de r\u00e9ir Cicero, faoi ch\u00faram sagartbhean Ghr\u00e9agach \u00f3 dheisceart na hIod\u00e1ile agus nach raibh oscailte ach do mhn\u00e1 amh\u00e1in. Bh\u00ed baint ag an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sraith rialta gn\u00edomhartha siombalacha a bhfuil br\u00ed reiligi\u00fanach n\u00f3 cult\u00fartha leo.\" tabindex=\"0\">deasghn\u00e1th<\/span> seo leis na tuiscint\u00ed Eleuis\u00edneacha, ach thug s\u00e9 leis go hithir na R\u00f3imhe iad.<\/p><p>Ina theannta sin, i R\u00e9 na Poblachta, i dtr\u00e9imhs\u00ed g\u00e9arch\u00e9ime, choinn\u00edt\u00ed deasghn\u00e1th caointe do Ceres agus Proserpina, a bhf\u00e9adfa\u00ed, de r\u00e9ir Livy, \u00e9 a chur ar ceal in am g\u00e9arch\u00e9ime poibl\u00ed thromch\u00fais\u00ed, mar go measta\u00ed gur mh\u00ed-oiri\u00fanach an caoineadh in amanna mar sin.<\/p><p>\u00d3 R\u00e9 na Impireachta anuas t\u00e1 f\u00e9ile o\u00edche eile f\u00e1gtha againn freisin, an <em>F\u00e9ile S\u00e6cularis<\/em> a cheili\u00faradh \u00f3 am go ch\u00e9ile, ina raibh <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"T\u00edolacadh do dhia chun bu\u00edochas, achain\u00ed n\u00f3 \u00f3m\u00f3s a chur in i\u00fal.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00edobairt\u00ed<\/span> do Proserpina mar bhandia an Domhain \u00cdochtaraigh mar chuid th\u00e1bhachtach di. T\u00e1 an fhoins\u00edocht maidir le mionsonra\u00ed na deasghn\u00e1tha seo teoranta, \u00f3 n\u00e1r choinnigh na cultanna r\u00fandiamhra a n-\u00e1bhar i scr\u00edbhinn d&#8217;aon ghn\u00f3.<\/p><p>An m\u00e9id at\u00e1 ar eolas againn, is \u00f3 thagairt\u00ed neamhdh\u00edreacha Cicero, \u00f3 pholaimic Chr\u00edosta\u00ed agus \u00f3 fhianaise inscr\u00edofa agus seand\u00e1la\u00edochta a thagann s\u00e9 den chuid is m\u00f3. Fanann an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An ord seasta a leagtar amach do sheirbh\u00eds reiligi\u00fanach pobail chreidimh.\" tabindex=\"0\">liot\u00fairge<\/span> beacht anaithnid den chuid is m\u00f3. T\u00e1 strucht\u00fair inchompar\u00e1ide le f\u00e1il i gc\u00e1s Persephone Ghr\u00e9agach (<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/persephone\/\">Persephone<\/a>), a bhfuil a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Comhioml\u00e1n na ngn\u00edomhartha reiligi\u00fanach \u00f3m\u00f3is do dhia n\u00f3 do dhuine sacr\u00e1ilte.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> Eleuis\u00edneach doicim\u00e9adaithe rud beag n\u00edos fearr.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3f2b3a9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp3f2b3a9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2b5008f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2b5008f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Proserpina sna hEala\u00edona Amhairc agus ar Sarcaf\u00e1in<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9688396 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp9688396\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1c2e52e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp1c2e52e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00e1 fuadach Proserpina ar cheann de na miotais is minice a l\u00e9ir\u00edtear in eala\u00edn na R\u00f3imhe. T\u00e1 an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Eilimint \u00e1bhair a fhilleann ar\u00eds is ar\u00eds eile in eala\u00edn n\u00f3 i sc\u00e9ala\u00edocht.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00f3it\u00edf<\/span> seo an-choitianta go h\u00e1irithe ar chairn\u00e9is\u00ed \u00f3 l\u00e1r agus deireadh na tr\u00e9imhse impiri\u00fala. L\u00e9ir\u00edonn an radharc go hiond\u00fail Pl\u00fat\u00f3n ag tarraingt Proserpina isteach ina charbad arna tharraingt ag capaill, agus Minerva, Diana agus Cyane, a chuireann i gcoinne na heachtra, ina dteannta.<\/p><p>Tugann rogha na m\u00f3it\u00edfe seo don chomhth\u00e9acs uaighe l\u00e9argas suntasach: thug an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi dh\u00e9ithe, faoi bhun\u00fas an domhain agus faoina ord.\" tabindex=\"0\">miotas<\/span> faoin aistri\u00fa \u00e9igeantach go dt\u00ed an fo-shaol agus faoin bhfilleadh p\u00e1irteach teanga \u00edomh\u00e1nna don bh\u00e1s a chuir d\u00f3chas in i\u00fal chomh maith le caillteanas.<\/p><p>Ina theannta sin, t\u00e1 picti\u00fair bhalla ann, mar shampla \u00f3 Pompeii, agus m\u00f3s\u00e1ic\u00ed a l\u00e9ir\u00edonn an fuadach n\u00f3 Proserpina ina su\u00ed ar a r\u00edchathaoir mar rialt\u00f3ir an fho-shaoil. Mar Bhanr\u00edon an Fho-shaoil, is minic a chaitheann s\u00ed diaid\u00e9im n\u00f3 polos, agus uaireanta d\u00e9antar l\u00e9iri\u00fa uirthi le diasa arbhair n\u00f3 le pomagr\u00e1nait mar aitreab\u00faid.<\/p><p>Ina r\u00f3l mar rialt\u00f3ir, su\u00edonn s\u00ed in aice le Pl\u00fat\u00f3n ar an r\u00edchathaoir, agus is minic Cerberus, an madra tr\u00ed-chinn, ina lu\u00ed ag a cosa.<\/p><p>Leanann an glacadh l\u00e9i i bhfad thar an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tr\u00e9imhse chult\u00far na Gr\u00e9ige agus na R\u00f3imhe, timpeall 800 R.Ch. go 600 A.D.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00c1rsa\u00edocht<\/span>. Is \u00e9 an l\u00e9iri\u00fa nua-aoiseach is c\u00e1ili\u00fala an gr\u00fapa marmair <em>Ratto di Proserpina<\/em> le Gianlorenzo Bernini, a crutha\u00edodh timpeall na mblianta 1621 go 1622 agus a l\u00e9ir\u00edonn n\u00f3im\u00e9ad an ghreamaithe le corra\u00edl mh\u00f3r.<\/p><p>I bp\u00e9int\u00e9ireacht, th\u00f3g Rembrandt agus, ina dhiaidh sin, na R\u00e9amh-Raifil\u00e9itigh, mar shampla Dante Gabriel Rossetti lena shaothar <em>Proserpine<\/em>, an t-\u00e1bhar seo suas. Baineadh \u00fas\u00e1id as an \u00e1bhar sa cheol freisin, mar shampla in ceoldr\u00e1ma\u00ed Bar\u00f3cacha. Le ch\u00e9ile, d\u00e9anann na fianais\u00ed seand\u00e1la\u00edochta agus staire eala\u00edne Proserpina ar cheann de na gn\u00e9ithe is m\u00f3 a bhfuil doicim\u00e9ad\u00fa \u00edomh\u00e1 orthu i miotaseola\u00edocht na R\u00f3imhe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1d56957 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp1d56957\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp521bb21 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp521bb21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sanasa\u00edocht agus an gaol le Persephone<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp47a25ab e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp47a25ab\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp88c9301 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp88c9301\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>N\u00ed l\u00e9ir go hioml\u00e1n \u00f3 thaobh sanasa\u00edochta an ainm Proserpina. Rinne an bh\u00e9altriail phoibl\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tr\u00e9imhse an chult\u00fair Ghr\u00e9agaigh agus R\u00f3mh\u00e1naigh, \u00f3 thart ar 800 R.Ch. go 600 A.D.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00e1rsa<\/span> nasc idir \u00e9 agus an bhriathar Laidine <em>proserpere<\/em>, a chialla\u00edonn \u201cteacht amach ag l\u00e1mhac\u00e1n,\u201d agus l\u00e9irmh\u00ednigh siad \u00e9 mar thagairt do ph\u00e9acadh an ts\u00edl. Faightear an l\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa seo i saothar Cicero agus Varro. Measann an teanga-eola\u00edocht nua-aoiseach gur l\u00e9irmh\u00edni\u00fa t\u00e1naisteach \u00e9 seo.<\/p><p>Is d\u00f3ich\u00ed gur athmh\u00fanl\u00fa f\u00f3neola\u00edoch \u00e9 <em>Proserpina<\/em> ar an ainm Gr\u00e9agach <em>Persephone<\/em>, agus b\u2019fh\u00e9idir gur tr\u00edd an Eatr\u00fascis a th\u00e1inig s\u00e9 isteach sa Laidin. Ar sc\u00e1th\u00e1in Eatr\u00fascacha, feictear an f\u00edor faoin ainm <em>Phersipnai<\/em> n\u00f3 foirmeacha cos\u00fala, rud a fh\u00e1gann inchreidte gur tr\u00ed bhealach Eatr\u00fascach a rinneadh an idirghabh\u00e1il.<\/p><p>Meastar go bhfuil an ainm Gr\u00e9agach <em>Persephone<\/em> f\u00e9in doil\u00e9ir freisin, agus is d\u00f3cha gur \u00f3 thr\u00e9imhse r\u00e9amh-Ghr\u00e9agach a sh\u00edolraigh s\u00e9. Bh\u00ed a fhios ag na Gr\u00e9agaigh f\u00e9in faoi go leor leaganacha malartacha, mar shampla <em>Persephatta<\/em> n\u00f3 <em>Pherrephatta<\/em>, rud a thugann le fios gur ainm \u00e1rsa \u00e9 at\u00e1 deacair a mh\u00edni\u00fa. L\u00e9ir\u00edonn na leaganacha iomad\u00fala seo nach raibh an f\u00edor riamh socraithe go hioml\u00e1n \u00f3 thaobh na teanga sa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tarchur an eolais agus na sc\u00e9alta thar ghl\u00faine.\" tabindex=\"0\">traidisi\u00fan<\/span>.<\/p><p>I reiligi\u00fan na R\u00f3imhe, cumascadh Proserpina go luath leis an tuiscint dh\u00fachasach ar an bheatha eile, ach chomh maith leis sin cuireadh ar comhch\u00e9im \u00ed leis an bandia iod\u00e1lach Libera, an macasamhail bhaininscneach de Liber. N\u00ed gn\u00e1thghn\u00edomh cinntitheach \u00e9 an t-aitheantas seo, agus l\u00e9ir\u00edonn s\u00e9 conas a chuaigh sruthanna traidisi\u00fain \u00e9ags\u00fala i bhfeidhm ar an bhf\u00edor.<\/p><p>D\u00e1 bhr\u00ed sin, is sampla maith \u00e9 Proserpina sa staid\u00e9ar eola\u00edoch ar an chaoi ar ionchorpra\u00edodh <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sc\u00e9al traidisi\u00fanta faoi dh\u00e9ithe, bun\u00fas agus ord an domhain.\" tabindex=\"0\">miotas<\/span> Gr\u00e9agach isteach i gc\u00f3ras na R\u00f3imhe tr\u00ed chult\u00fair idirghabh\u00e1lacha, agus \u00e9 ceangailte le heilimint\u00ed d\u00fachasacha a bh\u00ed ann cheana f\u00e9in. N\u00ed f\u00e9idir, sna foins\u00ed at\u00e1 tagtha anuas chugainn, an f\u00edor R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach agus an f\u00edor Ghr\u00e9agach a scaradh go hioml\u00e1n \u00f3na ch\u00e9ile.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa0b2c61 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpa0b2c61\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1225fc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp1225fc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Proserpina mar bhanr\u00edon na beatha eile agus i gcleachtas na mallachta<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3d58d11 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp3d58d11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9a4fb59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp9a4fb59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Chomh maith lena r\u00f3l sa mhiotas s\u00e9as\u00farach, bh\u00ed feidhm neamhsple\u00e1ch ag Proserpina mar bhanr\u00edon r\u00edocht na marbh.<\/p><p>Sa r\u00f3l seo, feictear \u00ed i gcine\u00e1l foinse a thugann l\u00e9argas ar leith ar shaol laeth\u00fail na R\u00f3imhe: na t\u00e1ibl\u00e9id mhallachta, a tugadh <em>defixiones<\/em> orthu sa Laidin. Scr\u00edobhadh na t\u00e9acsanna seo, den chuid is m\u00f3, ar th\u00e1ibl\u00e9id luaidhe, agus leagadh iad i mbailte, i dtoibreacha n\u00f3 i bhfoins\u00ed uisce, ag glaoch ar chumhachta\u00ed na beatha eile chun dochar a dh\u00e9anamh do dhuine, chun tionchar a imirt ar ch\u00e1s c\u00fairte, n\u00f3 chun maoin ghoidte a fh\u00e1il ar ais.<\/p><p>I l\u00edon m\u00f3r t\u00e1ibl\u00e9ad at\u00e1 tagtha anuas chugainn, glaotar ar Proserpina in \u00e9ineacht le Pluto n\u00f3 Dis Pater. Feictear \u00ed ansin faoi th\u00e9arma\u00ed gairme \u00e9ags\u00fala, agus uaireanta amh\u00e1in cumascaithe le f\u00edoracha\u00ed eile den bheatha eile.<\/p><p>T\u00e1 teanga na dt\u00e9acsanna seo foirmi\u00fail agus leanann siad patr\u00fain sonraithe, rud a thugann le fios go raibh m\u00fanla\u00ed n\u00f3 scr\u00edobhaithe speisialaithe ann. Is fi\u00fantach na <em>defixiones<\/em> don taighde, mar go ndoicim\u00e9ada\u00edonn siad <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An dearcadh agus an cleachtas reiligi\u00fanda mar a chuireann duine i bhfeidhm iad ina shaol.\" tabindex=\"0\">creidi\u00fanacht<\/span> a sh\u00e1ra\u00edonn na cultacha oifigi\u00fala st\u00e1it, agus l\u00e9ir\u00edonn siad conas a rinne daoine tarraingt go nithi\u00fail ar na d\u00e9ithe.<\/p><p>Bh\u00ed baint freisin ag Proserpina le luach saothair agus pion\u00f3s sa saol eile. I dtuiscint\u00ed na r\u00fandiamhra, at\u00e1 inaimsithe go h\u00e1irithe sna t\u00e1ibl\u00e9id \u00f3rga Orfaice-Bhac\u00fasacha, is ann a bh\u00edonn r\u00f3l ag banr\u00edon na beatha eile mar bhinse os comhair a mb\u00edonn an t-anam \u00e9agach ag seasamh n\u00f3 ag teip.<\/p><p>An \u00e9 go dtagra\u00edonn na t\u00e1ibl\u00e9id seo do Proserpina sa chiall R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach chruinn, n\u00f3 do bhandia ginear\u00e1lta den bheatha eile a bh\u00ed faoi thionchar na Gr\u00e9ige, is deacair a chinneadh in aon ch\u00e1s faoi leith. San ioml\u00e1n, l\u00e9ir\u00edonn an ghr\u00fapa foins\u00ed seo go raibh Proserpina ina foisceann ar chleachtas f\u00edri\u00fail deasghn\u00e1tha, thar an bhfigi\u00far miotasach liteartha amh\u00e1in, \u00f3 dhra\u00edocht ghr\u00e1 go d\u00f3chas an tsaoil eile.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Naisc bhreise<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/an-roimh\/\">An R\u00f3imh, Cult\u00far<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/pluto\/\">Pluto, Fear c\u00e9ile agus R\u00ed na Beatha Eile<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/persephone\/\">Persephone, Bunfhoirm Ghr\u00e9agach<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L\u00e9ann taighde<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Beard, Mary \/ North, John \/ Price, Simon: <em>Religions of Rome<\/em>. Cambridge University Press, 1998.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Foley, Helene P. (Hrsg.): <em>The Homeric Hymn to Demeter: Translation and Commentary<\/em>. Princeton University Press, 1994.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Caldwell, Richard S.: <em>The Psychology of Religion. A Jungian Perspective<\/em>. Routledge, 1991.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-proserpina e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-proserpina\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-proserpina-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-proserpina-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mar <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"F\u00edor a bhfuil \u00f3m\u00f3s d\u00f3 mar dhia laistigh de reiligi\u00fan.\" tabindex=\"0\">dhiafh\u00edor<\/span><\/em> de thraidisi\u00fan na R\u00f3imhe, freagra\u00edonn Proserpina do Persephone na Gr\u00e9ige agus roinneann s\u00ed a bliain idir an domhan os cionn talaimh agus an bheatha eile; mh\u00fanlaigh a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ioml\u00e1n na ngn\u00edomhartha adhartha reiligi\u00fanda a dh\u00e9antar do dhia n\u00f3 do fh\u00edor naofa.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> na f\u00e9ilte f\u00f3mhair agus na <em>libri Sibyllini<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1738,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Proserpina","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Proserpina \u2013 bandia R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach an domhain \u00edochtaraigh","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Proserpina, bandia R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach an domhain \u00edochtaraigh: fuadach ag Pluto, an pomagr\u00e1nait agus miotas na s\u00e9as\u00far, stair an chultais \u00f3n R\u00f3imh go leacacha mallachta.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"2","wesen_kultur":"rom","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-188292","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Proserpina \u2013 bandia R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach an domhain \u00edochtaraigh<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Proserpina, bandia R\u00f3mh\u00e1nach an domhain \u00edochtaraigh: fuadach ag Pluto, an pomagr\u00e1nait agus miotas na s\u00e9as\u00far, stair an chultais \u00f3n R\u00f3imh go leacacha mallachta.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ga\/proserpina\/\" \/>\n<meta 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