{"id":25861,"date":"2026-07-15T23:20:56","date_gmt":"2026-07-15T23:20:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/basajaun\/"},"modified":"2026-07-20T12:09:43","modified_gmt":"2026-07-20T12:09:43","slug":"basajaun","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/","title":{"rendered":"Basajaun"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"25861\" class=\"elementor elementor-25861 elementor-19400\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Basajaun, le seigneur velu des for\u00eats pyr\u00e9n\u00e9ennes<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le Basajaun est un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00eatre sans corps, auquel on attribue une action dans le monde.\">esprit<\/span> de la tradition basque.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Son sifflement avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Esprit : entit\u00e9 incorporelle ou semi-corporelle, d\u00e9funt, \u00eatre de la nature, esprit domestique ou gardien de seuil. Agit dans la vie quotidienne, souvent li\u00e9 \u00e0 des lieux ou \u00e0 des familles.\">Esprit<\/span><span class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mythologie basque avec des divinit\u00e9s pr\u00e9chr\u00e9tiennes et des sanctuaires de montagne.\">Pays basque<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable des mati\u00e8res\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-25862\" alt=\"Basajaun, esprit de la tradition basque\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Basajaun<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le Basajaun, litt\u00e9ralement Seigneur de la for\u00eat, est la grande figure de la nature sauvage dans la tradition basque : un gardien des for\u00eats et des troupeaux, de haute taille et enti\u00e8rement couvert de poils. Il avertit les bergers des temp\u00eates et des loups et passe aussi pour avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 le premier possesseur de biens culturels comme le bl\u00e9, le moulin et la scie.<\/p>\n<p>Il est attest\u00e9 dans la tradition orale du Pays basque des deux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es, par \u00e9crit depuis 1877 ; la documentation syst\u00e9matique a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e au XXe si\u00e8cle par l&rsquo;ethnographe Jos\u00e9 Miguel de Barandiar\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">En un coup d'\u0153il : Basajaun<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Type :<\/strong> gardien de la nature sauvage, protecteur des troupeaux et possesseur culturel primordial<br \/>Origine : Pays basque des deux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es, notamment Gipuzkoa, Navarre, for\u00eat d&rsquo;Irati<br \/>Textes : Basque Legends de Webster (1877), ethnographie de Barandiar\u00e1n au XXe si\u00e8cle<br \/>P\u00e9riode : tradition orale, par \u00e9crit \u00e0 partir de 1877<br \/>Apparence : homme sauvage de taille humaine \u00e0 gigantesque, enti\u00e8rement couvert de poils, chevelure descendant jusqu&rsquo;aux genoux<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contexte historique<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u00e9riode des textes<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La figure appartient \u00e0 la tradition orale et ne devient tangible par \u00e9crit que tardivement : Wentworth Webster inclut en 1877 plusieurs r\u00e9cits sur le Basa-Jaun dans son recueil, tandis que Barandiar\u00e1n en r\u00e9alise une documentation syst\u00e9matique au XXe si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aire de diffusion<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le Pays basque des deux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es, en particulier Gipuzkoa, la Navarre et les vall\u00e9es du Pays basque nord, avec des centres narratifs autour d&rsquo;Ataun, du massif de Gorbea et de la for\u00eat d&rsquo;Irati.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c9tat des sources<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>De riches corpus de l\u00e9gendes et de contes issus de l&rsquo;ethnographie, mais aucun texte m\u00e9di\u00e9val ; la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e reste la documentation pr\u00e9cise, lieu par lieu et grotte par grotte, de Barandiar\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nom et variantes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Basque :<\/strong> Basajaun, de <em>baso<\/em>, for\u00eat, et <em>jaun<\/em>, seigneur : seigneur de la for\u00eat. Le pluriel est <em>Basajaunak<\/em>, l&rsquo;\u00e9quivalent f\u00e9minin <em>Basandere<\/em>, qui appara\u00eet plus rarement dans les sources et reste plus effac\u00e9.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Apparence et habitat<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Apparence<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les r\u00e9cits d\u00e9crivent le Basajaun comme un \u00eatre de taille humaine \u00e0 gigantesque, tout le corps couvert de poils ; la crini\u00e8re tombe par-devant jusqu&rsquo;aux genoux et dissimule le visage et la poitrine. Il est d&rsquo;une force et d&rsquo;une agilit\u00e9 inhabituelles, franchit les ravins en quelques pas et se d\u00e9place sans bruit dans les fourr\u00e9s \u00e9pais. Ses lieux de r\u00e9sidence sont des grottes et des for\u00eats d&rsquo;altitude isol\u00e9es. Malgr\u00e9 son aspect sauvage, il se comporte le plus souvent de mani\u00e8re droite, taciturne et r\u00e9gl\u00e9e ; ce n&rsquo;est pas un monstre informe mais le ma\u00eetre de son domaine.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Action<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Au c\u0153ur de la tradition, le Basajaun est un gardien. Lorsqu&rsquo;un orage approche ou qu&rsquo;une meute de loups traverse les montagnes, il pousse des cris et des sifflements qui avertissent les bergers ; lorsque les brebis agitent leurs cloches comme sur un signal, son approche s&rsquo;annonce, et les bergers pouvaient aller dormir. \u00c0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de cela existent des contes o\u00f9 un Basajaun poursuit des humains ou les retient prisonniers, et o\u00f9 il est finalement vaincu par la ruse ; la figure se confond alors avec le g\u00e9ant borgne Tartalo. Un pr\u00e9judice caus\u00e9 de son propre chef \u00e0 des personnes respectueuses est rarement racont\u00e9.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil : Basajaun<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les aspects les plus importants du seigneur de la for\u00eat en un coup d&rsquo;\u0153il.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contexte culturel<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Figure de la nature sauvage dans la vision pastorale du monde pyr\u00e9n\u00e9en ; il incarne symboliquement la nature sauvage sous sa double forme, \u00e0 la fois mena\u00e7ante et fiable.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Concerne<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bergers, charbonniers et paysans des vall\u00e9es de montagne : c&rsquo;est \u00e0 eux que s&rsquo;adresse son avertissement face aux changements de temps et aux loups, et avec eux qu&rsquo;il entretient une paix d&rsquo;\u00e9change silencieuse.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Repr\u00e9sentation<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Homme sauvage de taille humaine \u00e0 gigantesque, enti\u00e8rement couvert de poils, la chevelure tombant jusqu&rsquo;aux genoux ; fort, agile et silencieux, chez lui dans les grottes et les for\u00eats d&rsquo;altitude.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fonction<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Avertisseur et gardien des troupeaux ; dans les l\u00e9gendes culturelles, \u00e9galement premier possesseur du bl\u00e9, du moulin et de la scie, dont les hommes lui ont soustrait le savoir.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pratique<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Distance respectueuse et paix d&rsquo;\u00e9change : on \u00e9vitait ses grottes, on lui laissait du pain, du lait ou du fromage, et l&rsquo;on acceptait en retour ses cris d&rsquo;avertissement et sa surveillance des troupeaux.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00catres comparables<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le Leshy slave comme gardien de la for\u00eat, le Tengu japonais comme seigneur s\u00e9v\u00e8re de la montagne, et l&rsquo;homme sauvage de l&rsquo;art m\u00e9di\u00e9val comme jumeau iconographique.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gardien de la nature sauvage et possesseur culturel d\u00e9pouill\u00e9<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sur le fond, deux fils se m\u00ealent dans la tradition. L&rsquo;un montre le gardien farouche de la nature sauvage, qui conna\u00eet le temps et les loups et veille sur les troupeaux. L&rsquo;autre en fait le possesseur culturel primordial : selon les r\u00e9cits connus, les Basajaunak poss\u00e9daient d&rsquo;abord le bl\u00e9, le moulin et la scie, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 ce que le saint populaire rus\u00e9 San Martin Txiki leur en d\u00e9robe les secrets, notamment en sautant avec de larges bottes dans les tas de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales et en emportant les grains dans ses tiges.<\/p>\n<p>La figure ne devient tangible par \u00e9crit que tardivement : Wentworth Webster inclut en 1877 plusieurs r\u00e9cits sur le Basa-Jaun dans son recueil de l\u00e9gendes basques, et le pr\u00eatre et ethnographe Jos\u00e9 Miguel de Barandiar\u00e1n documente syst\u00e9matiquement au XXe si\u00e8cle des l\u00e9gendes, des r\u00e9f\u00e9rences locales et des grottes attribu\u00e9es au Basajaun, dont la grotte de Muskia pr\u00e8s d&rsquo;Ataun. Dans les l\u00e9gendes de retrait, les gens sauvages disparaissent des vall\u00e9es avec la progression du christianisme.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Entre figure identitaire et l\u00e9gende de type Bigfoot<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Aujourd&rsquo;hui, le Basajaun se lit de deux mani\u00e8res. Dans la pr\u00e9servation de la culture basque, il est une figure identitaire pour la for\u00eat et la montagne, pr\u00e9sente dans les livres pour enfants, sur les sentiers sculpturaux et lors des f\u00eates. Par ailleurs, la cryptozoologie et la culture internet en ont fait le cousin basque du Y\u00e9ti et de Bigfoot ; on voit parfois circuler la sp\u00e9culation selon laquelle il porterait un souvenir populaire de l&rsquo;homme de N\u00e9andertal. Ni l&rsquo;une ni l&rsquo;autre de ces lectures ne sont scientifiquement soutenables, mais elles montrent l&rsquo;attrait persistant de la figure ; la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e reste l&rsquo;ethnographie de Barandiar\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>Du point de vue des sciences des religions, le Basajaun r\u00e9unit deux r\u00f4les classiques : le ma\u00eetre des animaux, qui surveille la nature sauvage et les troupeaux, et le possesseur culturel primordial, \u00e0 qui un h\u00e9ros humain rus\u00e9 soustrait les biens de la civilisation, un type narratif dont les parall\u00e8les remontent jusqu&rsquo;au r\u00e9cit de Prom\u00e9th\u00e9e. Une pr\u00e9cision est ici importante : comme le basque n&rsquo;est pas une langue indo-europ\u00e9enne, la figure est volontiers interpr\u00e9t\u00e9e comme un vestige de la religion europ\u00e9enne la plus ancienne ; les motifs eux-m\u00eames sont cependant r\u00e9pandus dans toute l&rsquo;Europe, ce qui incite la recherche \u00e0 rester prudente quant aux affirmations d&rsquo;anciennet\u00e9. Ce qui est \u00e9tabli, c&rsquo;est sa place solide dans la vision pastorale du monde pyr\u00e9n\u00e9en.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9a031aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9a031aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9193514 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9193514\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Distance respectueuse et paix d'\u00e9change<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02ca0ee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02ca0ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp444e0f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp444e0f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Il n&rsquo;existe pas de v\u00e9ritable tradition de d\u00e9fense, car le Basajaun \u00e9tait surtout consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un gardien. Les r\u00e9cits connaissent avant tout la distance respectueuse : on \u00e9vitait ses grottes, on le laissait tranquille et l&rsquo;on ne cherchait pas la rencontre. \u00c0 cela s&rsquo;ajoute une paix d&rsquo;\u00e9change tacite ; les bergers lui laissaient du pain ou une part de lait et de fromage et acceptaient en retour ses cris d&rsquo;avertissement et sa surveillance du troupeau. Dans les contes de danger, ce n&rsquo;est pas l&rsquo;arme qui sauve, mais la ruse par laquelle les humains \u00e9chappent \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00eatre plus fort. Enfin, les l\u00e9gendes de retrait font c\u00e9der les gens sauvages devant les cloches d&rsquo;\u00e9glise et les signes chr\u00e9tiens ; le motif raconte la fin de leur temps, mais \u00e9tait aussi compris dans la croyance populaire comme un savoir protecteur.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp11de5b2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp11de5b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8d35271 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp8d35271\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gens sauvages et seigneurs de la for\u00eat ailleurs<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02f26b8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02f26b8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp58c4390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp58c4390\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Presque chaque r\u00e9gion montagneuse conna\u00eet des gardiens sauvages couverts de poils. Le <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/leshy\/\">Leshy<\/a> slave partage le r\u00f4le de gardien et le lien aux troupeaux, le Stallo s\u00e2me la stature gigantesque \u00e0 la note mena\u00e7ante, le <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/troll\/\">Troll<\/a> nordique la vie dans la roche et la for\u00eat \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cart des humains. Le <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/tengu\/\">Tengu<\/a> japonais associe, comme le Basajaun, nature sauvage montagnarde, savoir sup\u00e9rieur et s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 \u00e9ducative. L&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wilder-mann\/\">homme sauvage<\/a> de l&rsquo;art m\u00e9di\u00e9val europ\u00e9en est le jumeau iconographique de cette figure.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp406577c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp406577c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdd9c543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpdd9c543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Questions fr\u00e9quentes sur le Basajaun<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9e731bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp9e731bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa7c898c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa7c898c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Le Basajaun est-il dangereux ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dans la tradition principale, non. Il est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le gardien des troupeaux et l&rsquo;avertisseur des bergers ; il devient surtout mena\u00e7ant dans une couche de contes distincte, qui le rapproche du g\u00e9ant Tartalo. Qui garde ses distances et son respect passe, dans les l\u00e9gendes, pour \u00eatre en s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Que signifie le nom Basajaun ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Baso signifie for\u00eat, jaun seigneur : seigneur de la for\u00eat. Le pluriel Basajaunak d\u00e9signe le peuple sauvage dans son ensemble, Basandere son \u00e9quivalent f\u00e9minin.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Le Basajaun a-t-il un lien avec le Y\u00e9ti ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Seulement en surface. Les gens sauvages couverts de poils constituent un type narratif r\u00e9pandu dans le monde entier, non un constat zoologique. Les sources basques d\u00e9crivent un \u00eatre l\u00e9gendaire ayant une fonction sociale dans la vie pastorale, non un primate non d\u00e9couvert.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Liens pour approfondir<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Liens internes recommand\u00e9s :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/leshy\/\">Leshy<\/a> \u2013 le seigneur slave de la for\u00eat aux fonctions de gardien similaires<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/tengu\/\">Tengu<\/a> \u2013 le s\u00e9v\u00e8re seigneur des montagnes du Japon<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wilder-mann\/\">Wilder Mann<\/a> \u2013 le jumeau iconographique de l&rsquo;art europ\u00e9en<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/cloches-sonnailles\/\">Cloches<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/protection-seuil\/\">Protection du seuil<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/amulette\/\">Amulette<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/encensement\/\">Fumigation<\/a> \u2013 moyens de protection traditionnels<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/boussole-protection\/\">Boussole de protection<\/a> \u2013 vue d&rsquo;ensemble des moyens de protection<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliographie (s\u00e9lection)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Une s\u00e9lection de sources et d&rsquo;\u00e9tudes centrales :\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Barandiar\u00e1n, Jos\u00e9 Miguel de : <em>Mitolog\u00eda vasca<\/em>. Madrid 1960.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Webster, Wentworth : <em>Basque Legends<\/em>. London 1877.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Caro Baroja, Julio : <em>Los vascos<\/em>. San Sebasti\u00e1n 1949.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/footer><br><p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet=\"\">D&rsquo;autres ouvrages de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence dans la <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/bibliographie\/\">bibliographie<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le Basajaun montre \u00e0 quel point le seigneur de la for\u00eat relie \u00e9troitement la mythologie basque \u00e0 la vie quotidienne des bergers. La tradition qualifie les Basajaunak de gens sauvages, mais c&rsquo;est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment ce seigneur sauvage qui veillait le plus fid\u00e8lement sur les troupeaux et les vall\u00e9es des Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Basajaun, le seigneur velu des for\u00eats pyr\u00e9n\u00e9ennes Le Basajaun est un esprit de la tradition basque. Son sifflement avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup. EspritPays basque Table des mati\u00e8res Basajaun Le Basajaun, litt\u00e9ralement Seigneur de la for\u00eat, est la grande figure de la nature sauvage dans la tradition basque : un gardien [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":25862,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"basajaun","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Basajaun \u2013 seigneur de la for\u00eat des Basques","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Basajaun, le seigneur velu de la for\u00eat des Basques, avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup. Origine, motifs l\u00e9gendaires et coutumes traditionnelles en un coup d'\u0153il.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[495,305,306],"class_list":["post-25861","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-basque","category-cultures","category-esprits"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Basajaun \u2013 seigneur de la for\u00eat des Basques<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Basajaun, le seigneur velu de la for\u00eat des Basques, avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup. Origine, motifs l\u00e9gendaires et coutumes traditionnelles en un coup d&#039;\u0153il.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Basajaun\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Basajaun, le seigneur velu de la for\u00eat des Basques, avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup. Origine, motifs l\u00e9gendaires et coutumes traditionnelles en un coup d&#039;\u0153il.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-20T12:09:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/\",\"name\":\"Basajaun \u2013 seigneur de la for\u00eat des Basques\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-15T23:20:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-20T12:09:43+00:00\",\"description\":\"Basajaun, le seigneur velu de la for\u00eat des Basques, avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup. Origine, motifs l\u00e9gendaires et coutumes traditionnelles en un coup d'\u0153il.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Basajaun, esprit de la tradition basque\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/home\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Basajaun\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Basajaun\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-15T23:20:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-20T12:09:43+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1868,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/basajaun\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"Basque\",\"Cultures\",\"Esprits\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"description\":\"Basajaun, le seigneur velu de la for\u00eat des Basques, avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup. Origine, motifs l\u00e9gendaires et coutumes traditionnelles en un coup d'\u0153il.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Basajaun \u2013 seigneur de la for\u00eat des Basques","description":"Basajaun, le seigneur velu de la for\u00eat des Basques, avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup. Origine, motifs l\u00e9gendaires et coutumes traditionnelles en un coup d'\u0153il.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Basajaun","og_description":"Basajaun, le seigneur velu de la for\u00eat des Basques, avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup. Origine, motifs l\u00e9gendaires et coutumes traditionnelles en un coup d'\u0153il.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-07-20T12:09:43+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"9 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Basajaun","datePublished":"2026-07-15T23:20:56+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-20T12:09:43+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/"},"wordCount":1868,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp","articleSection":["Basque","Cultures","Esprits"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","description":"Basajaun, le seigneur velu de la for\u00eat des Basques, avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup. Origine, motifs l\u00e9gendaires et coutumes traditionnelles en un coup d'\u0153il."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/","name":"Basajaun \u2013 seigneur de la for\u00eat des Basques","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp","datePublished":"2026-07-15T23:20:56+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-20T12:09:43+00:00","description":"Basajaun, le seigneur velu de la for\u00eat des Basques, avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup. Origine, motifs l\u00e9gendaires et coutumes traditionnelles en un coup d'\u0153il.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Basajaun, esprit de la tradition basque"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/home\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Basajaun"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Basajaun","datePublished":"2026-07-15T23:20:56+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-20T12:09:43+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/"},"wordCount":1868,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/basajaun\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp","articleSection":["Basque","Cultures","Esprits"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","description":"Basajaun, le seigneur velu de la for\u00eat des Basques, avertit les bergers de la temp\u00eate et du loup. Origine, motifs l\u00e9gendaires et coutumes traditionnelles en un coup d'\u0153il."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25861","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25861"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25861\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25863,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25861\/revisions\/25863"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25862"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25861"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25861"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}