{"id":10655,"date":"2026-04-27T10:35:32","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T10:35:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ereshkigal-2\/"},"modified":"2026-06-16T14:44:28","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T14:44:28","slug":"ereshkigal","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/","title":{"rendered":"Ereshkigal"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"10655\" class=\"elementor elementor-10655 elementor-1970 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ereshkigal, d\u00e9esse de la tradition m\u00e9sopotamienne<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ereshkigal est la d\u00e9esse de la tradition m\u00e9sopotamienne.<\/p><p>Ma\u00eetresse des Enfers, s\u0153ur d&rsquo;Ishtar, souveraine de Kur et d&rsquo;Irkalla. Ereshkigal est la d\u00e9esse la plus puissante des Enfers, non pas malveillante, mais inexorable.<\/p><p>Tandis que sa s\u0153ur Ishtar parcourt la terre et le ciel, Ereshkigal si\u00e8ge, intouchable, dans Irkalla, le royaume des morts, et r\u00e8gne avec son \u00e9poux Nergal sur tous ceux qui franchissent la fronti\u00e8re de l&rsquo;au-del\u00e0. Elle n&rsquo;accueille aucun visiteur facilement ; quiconque se pr\u00e9sente devant son tr\u00f4ne doit \u00eatre intr\u00e9pide, ou se trouve maudit.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Dieu \/ D\u00e9esse : puissance supr\u00eame personnifi\u00e9e dans le panth\u00e9on d'une culture, avec des attributions pr\u00e9cises, forces naturelles, destin, guerre, fertilit\u00e9. V\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par des cultes, des sacrifices et des institutions templi\u00e8res.\">D\u00e9esse<\/span><a href=\"\/fr\/mesopotamie\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Berceau de la religion document\u00e9e, Sumer, Akkad, Babylone, Assyrie (env. 3500 av. J.-C. jusqu'en 330 av. J.-C.).\">M\u00e9sopotamie<\/a><a href=\"\/fr\/divinites-des-morts\/\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Dieux des Enfers et de la mort, souverains de l'au-del\u00e0, juges des morts, guides des \u00e2mes.\">Divinit\u00e9 des morts<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable des mati\u00e8res\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Ouvrir la table des mati\u00e8res\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Fermer la table des mati\u00e8res\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-131147\" alt=\"Ereshkigal - dieux de la tradition m\u00e9sopotamienne, illustration historique\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ereshkigal<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aper\u00e7u rapide : Ereshkigal<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Type :<\/strong> Divinit\u00e9 principale m\u00e9sopotamienne, reine des Enfers<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'ensemble des dieux d'une religion ou d'une culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">Panth\u00e9on<\/span> : Sumer, Akkad\/Babylone\/Assur<br>Fonction : souveraine du royaume des morts (Kur, Irkalla), juge des morts, destin\u00e9e des d\u00e9funts<br>Attributs principaux : diad\u00e8me, manteau noir, tablette des destins, sept gardiens des portes<br>Principaux lieux de culte : Kutha (avec Nergal), pas de grands <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9difice consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 la v\u00e9n\u00e9ration d'une ou de plusieurs divinit\u00e9s.\" tabindex=\"0\">temples<\/span> propres<br>\u00c9poux : Nergal (d&rsquo;apr\u00e8s le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un r\u00e9cit transmis sur les dieux, les origines et l'ordre du monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythe<\/span> de la descente d&rsquo;Inanna)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contextualisation historique<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u00e9riode des textes<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ereshkigal est attest\u00e9e depuis le 3e mill\u00e9naire av. J.-C. (p\u00e9riode sum\u00e9rienne).<\/p><p>L&rsquo;apog\u00e9e de sa mythologie se situe \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque pal\u00e9o-babylonienne (d\u00e9but du 2e mill\u00e9naire av. J.-C.) avec deux mythes centraux. Le premier est la descente d&rsquo;Inanna aux Enfers : Inanna arrive aupr\u00e8s d&rsquo;Ereshkigal, est tu\u00e9e, puis ramen\u00e9e \u00e0 la vie par l&rsquo;interm\u00e9diaire d&rsquo;Ea. Son \u00e9poux Dumuzi doit descendre aux Enfers en expiation. Le second mythe est celui de Nergal et Ereshkigal : Nergal descend aux Enfers, est d&rsquo;abord maudit par elle, puis devient son \u00e9poux. Il s&rsquo;agit du sch\u00e9ma mythique d&rsquo;un patriarcat qui contraint l&rsquo;ancienne reine des Enfers \u00e0 une position matrimoniale.<\/p><p>Dans les traditions ult\u00e9rieures, on observe un net d\u00e9clin de la v\u00e9n\u00e9ration directe ; elle est crainte, non aim\u00e9e.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aire de diffusion<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9difice consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 la v\u00e9n\u00e9ration d'une ou de plusieurs divinit\u00e9s.\" tabindex=\"0\">temples<\/span> directement consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 Ereshkigal sont rarement document\u00e9s ; elle est une d\u00e9esse des morts redout\u00e9e. Son principal lieu de culte commun avec Nergal est <strong>Kutha<\/strong> (aujourd&rsquo;hui Tell Ibrahim, au nord de Babylone), la \u00ab cit\u00e9 de Nergal \u00bb, consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme l&rsquo;entr\u00e9e des Enfers.<\/p><p>Dans le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'ensemble des actes de v\u00e9n\u00e9ration religieuse envers une divinit\u00e9 ou une figure sacr\u00e9e.\" tabindex=\"0\">culte<\/span> personnel, elle \u00e9tait invoqu\u00e9e davantage dans les rites fun\u00e9raires et les textes d&rsquo;incantation que dans des temples propres. Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 re\u00e7ue dans la tradition magico-th\u00e9urgique gr\u00e9co-romaine (p. ex. PGM IV) comme d\u00e9esse d&rsquo;invocation puissante.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c9tat des sources<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sources principales : <em>La descente d&rsquo;Inanna aux Enfers<\/em> (sum\u00e9rien, 2e mill\u00e9naire av. J.-C.), <em>La descente d&rsquo;Ishtar aux Enfers<\/em> (version akkadienne, plus compacte), l&rsquo;\u00e9pop\u00e9e de <em>Nergal et Ereshkigal<\/em> (versions m\u00e9dio-assyrienne et n\u00e9o-babylonienne), <em>\u00c9pop\u00e9e de Gilgame\u0161<\/em> tablette XII (description des Enfers par Enkidu).<\/p><p>Litt\u00e9rature secondaire : Wolkstein\/Kramer, <em>Inanna<\/em> ; Lambert, <em>Babylonian Wisdom Literature<\/em> ; Bott\u00e9ro, <em>La plus vieille religion<\/em> ; Black\/Green, <em>Gods, Demons and Symbols<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">D\u00e9nomination et variantes orthographiques<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ereshkigal est souvent repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e tr\u00f4nant, majestueuse, avec une couronne \u00e0 cornes et un sceptre. Ses yeux brillent d&rsquo;un feu souterrain ou de t\u00e9n\u00e8bres. Elle porte des v\u00eatements noirs ou violet fonc\u00e9 et est entour\u00e9e de d\u00e9mons et des \u00e2mes des morts.<\/p><p>Parfois, elle si\u00e8ge aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de Nergal, son sombre \u00e9poux. Sa couronne (<em>Horngold<\/em>) la distingue de la noblesse mortelle. Le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un signe qui repr\u00e9sente par substitution une id\u00e9e ou une signification.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbole<\/span> de son pouvoir est la porte verrouill\u00e9e, infranchissable pour les vivants, in\u00e9vitable pour les mortels.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Description<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ereshkigal re\u00e7oit les \u00e2mes des d\u00e9funts et ordonne leur destin dans Irkalla. Elle n&rsquo;est pas sans douleur ni sans passion comme on la d\u00e9crit parfois, mais intelligente et courrouc\u00e9e ; quiconque transgresse les lois des Enfers conna\u00eet sa vengeance.<\/p><p>Dans le r\u00e9cit de la <em>descente d&rsquo;Ishtar<\/em>, elle agit comme une force morale : Ishtar tente de s&rsquo;introduire aux Enfers, et Ereshkigal punit cette tentative de mort. Il n&rsquo;y avait pas de grandes f\u00eates publiques en son honneur, mais on lui offrait des sacrifices lors de rites priv\u00e9s d&rsquo;hommage aux morts et pour apaiser son pouvoir.<\/p><h3>Apparence et symbolique<\/h3><p><em>Ereshkigal<\/em> est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e comme une d\u00e9esse sombre et somptueusement v\u00eatue, portant une couronne de cornes, symboles de son pouvoir royal. Sa peau est bleu fonc\u00e9 ou gris-noir, ses yeux brillent d&rsquo;une lumi\u00e8re inqui\u00e9tante.<\/p><p>Elle porte un lourd diad\u00e8me et si\u00e8ge sur un tr\u00f4ne de pierre ou d&rsquo;os. Son corps est majestueux, mais marqu\u00e9 par une sorte de tourment ou de col\u00e8re contenue. Un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00catre spirituel auquel on attribue une influence n\u00e9faste ou ambivalente.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9mon<\/span> \u00e0 huit bras ou un serpent peuvent \u00eatre ses serviteurs. Les t\u00e9n\u00e8bres elles-m\u00eames sont son v\u00eatement.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil : Ereshkigal<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les aspects les plus importants d&rsquo;Ereshkigal en un coup d&rsquo;\u0153il. Les champs suivants r\u00e9sument l&rsquo;origine, la fonction, l&rsquo;apparence, la v\u00e9n\u00e9ration, les symboles et les parall\u00e8les culturels.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tradition<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ereshkigal (sum\u00e9rien <em>Ere\u0161-ki-gal<\/em>, \u00ab ma\u00eetresse de la grande terre \u00bb = les Enfers) est la fille d&rsquo;Anu (le ciel) et de la d\u00e9esse de la terre. S\u0153ur d&rsquo;Inanna\/Ishtar (centrale dans le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un r\u00e9cit transmis sur les dieux, les origines et l'ordre du monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythe<\/span> de la descente), souveraine solitaire des Enfers dans la tradition ancienne, \u00e9pouse de Nergal dans la tradition tardive. M\u00e8re de <em>Ningishzida<\/em> (dieu-serpent des Enfers) et de <em>Namtar<\/em> (messager du destin). M\u00e8re de Ninazu dans certaines versions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Destinataires<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Souveraine du royaume des morts <em>Kur<\/em> ou <em>Irkalla<\/em>, au-del\u00e0 des sept portes des Enfers. Elle d\u00e9tient la <em>tablette des destins<\/em> (mes), sur laquelle est inscrit le sort de tous les d\u00e9funts.<\/p><p>Sans sa permission, nul ne peut quitter le royaume des morts (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un r\u00e9cit transmis sur les dieux, les origines et l'ordre du monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythe<\/span> de la descente d&rsquo;Inanna : c&rsquo;est seulement par l&rsquo;intervention d&rsquo;Ea et le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Don offert \u00e0 une divinit\u00e9 pour exprimer gratitude, supplication ou v\u00e9n\u00e9ration.\" tabindex=\"0\">sacrifice<\/span> expiatoire de Dumuzi qu&rsquo;Inanna peut revenir). Dans le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'ensemble des actes de v\u00e9n\u00e9ration religieuse envers une divinit\u00e9 ou une figure sacr\u00e9e.\" tabindex=\"0\">culte<\/span> personnel, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Le fait d'adresser une pri\u00e8re ou une invocation \u00e0 une divinit\u00e9 ou \u00e0 une puissance.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocation<\/span> dans les rites fun\u00e9raires et dans la tradition de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pratiques cherchant \u00e0 intervenir dans le cours des choses par des actes ou des formules particuliers.\" tabindex=\"0\">magie<\/span> noire (invocations PGM).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Apparence<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ereshkigal ne poss\u00e8de pas de repr\u00e9sentation iconographique fixe. Dans les textes mythologiques, elle est d\u00e9crite comme une figure sombre et sublime, diad\u00e8me, manteau noir, longue robe. Assise sur un tr\u00f4ne dans une salle obscure, entour\u00e9e de ses sept juges <em>Anunnaki<\/em>.<\/p><p>Lorsqu&rsquo;elle re\u00e7oit Inanna, son visage est bleu et d&rsquo;un jaune blafard (symboles de maladie et de mort). Attributs : tablette des destins, calame. Compagnons : Namtar (son vizir), Ningishzida (dieu-serpent, son fils).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L'influence d'Ereshkigal<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Domaine d&rsquo;influence :<\/strong> Ereshkigal \u00e9tait rarement invoqu\u00e9e directement, car elle \u00e9tait redout\u00e9e. Cependant, dans chaque <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un acte religieux \u00e9tabli et r\u00e9current.\" tabindex=\"0\">rite<\/span> fun\u00e9raire, elle \u00e9tait pr\u00e9sente en tant que r\u00e9ceptrice des d\u00e9funts. Dans la tradition des incantations (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00e9rie d'incantations akkadienne du 1er mill\u00e9naire av. J.-C. ; le recueil m\u00e9sopotamien le plus complet conserv\u00e9 de rituels contre la sorcellerie.\">Maqlu<\/span>, Shurpu), elle \u00e9tait invoqu\u00e9e comme auxiliaire redout\u00e9e contre la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pratiques cherchant \u00e0 intervenir dans le cours des choses par des actes ou des formules particuliers.\" tabindex=\"0\">magie<\/span> noire.<\/p><p>Dans la tradition magico-th\u00e9urgique gr\u00e9co-romaine (Papyri Graecae Magicae), elle est identifi\u00e9e sous le nom d&rsquo;<em>Ereschigal<\/em> dans des invocations avec H\u00e9cate. Dans la r\u00e9ception \u00e9sot\u00e9rique moderne, elle est souvent utilis\u00e9e comme <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un signe qui repr\u00e9sente par substitution une id\u00e9e ou une signification.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbole<\/span> du pouvoir infernal et de l&rsquo;inflexibilit\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La protection contre Ereshkigal<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Diad\u00e8me, manteau noir, tablette des destins (mes), sept gardiens des portes, Namtar (vizir), Ningishzida (dieu-serpent, fils). Plante sacr\u00e9e : asphod\u00e8le (dans la r\u00e9ception moderne). Nombre sacr\u00e9 : 7 (sept portes des Enfers, sept juges Anunnaki). Couleurs sacr\u00e9es : noir, bleu fonc\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00catres apparent\u00e9s<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Inanna\/Ishtar<\/em> (M\u00e9sopotamie, s\u0153ur, antagoniste dans le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un r\u00e9cit transmis sur les dieux, les origines et l'ordre du monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythe<\/span> de la descente), <em>Nergal<\/em> (M\u00e9sopotamie, \u00e9poux dans la tradition tardive), <em>Persephone<\/em> (Gr\u00e8ce, reine des Enfers), <em>Hekate<\/em> (Gr\u00e8ce, directement identifi\u00e9e \u00e0 Ereshkigal dans les textes PGM), <em>Hel<\/em> (germanique, souveraine des Enfers), <em>Mictecacihuatl<\/em> (azt\u00e8que), <em>Izanami<\/em> (Japon, reine de Yomi), <em>Hine-nui-te-p\u014d<\/em> (M\u0101ori). Le type de la souveraine f\u00e9minine des Enfers est pr\u00e9sent dans de nombreuses cultures, souvent associ\u00e9 \u00e0 la tension du double m\u00e8re\/fille (Ereshkigal-Inanna, D\u00e9m\u00e9ter-Pers\u00e9phone, Izanami-Amaterasu).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Protection pratique<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Rituels apotropa\u00efques<\/h3><p>Ereshkigal, en tant que ma\u00eetresse des Enfers (Kur-nu-gi-a, \u00ab pays sans retour \u00bb), n&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas v\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e directement, mais \u00e9vit\u00e9e de fa\u00e7on <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Apotropa\u00efque : qui \u00e9carte le malheur ; les symboles apotropa\u00efques (Pazuzu, Hamsa, Nazar) prot\u00e8gent contre la magie nuisible et le mauvais \u0153il.\">apotropa\u00efque<\/span> ; les rituels visent \u00e0 \u00e9loigner ses \u00e9missaires (Galla, Edimmu) par la purification des seuils. La s\u00e9rie purificatoire <em>b\u012bt rimki<\/em>, avec la mise \u00e0 nu du roi par l&rsquo;eau, visait sp\u00e9cifiquement \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger contre les puissances souterraines (cf. Bott\u00e9ro, <em>Mesopotamia<\/em>).<\/p><h3>Invocations<\/h3><p>Dans le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un r\u00e9cit transmis sur les dieux, les origines et l'ordre du monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythe<\/span> \u00ab La descente d&rsquo;Inanna-Ishtar aux Enfers \u00bb (akkadien, Foster, <em>Before the Muses<\/em>), apparaissent les invocations centrales d&rsquo;Ereshkigal ; \u00e0 travers sept portes, la d\u00e9esse est d\u00e9pouill\u00e9e de ses v\u00eatements, une auto-humiliation ritualis\u00e9e. Des textes d&rsquo;incantation tardifs provenant d&rsquo;Assur (1er mill\u00e9naire av. J.-C.) font appel \u00e0 Ereshkigal en tant que \u00ab \u0161\u0113pti-\u0161a-ir\u1e63itim \u00bb (celle qui trace les empreintes de la terre) pour mettre fin \u00e0 la maladie des morts.<\/p><h3>Amulettes et symboles de protection<\/h3><p><span data-nosnippet>Des \u00e9pingles en argile apotropa\u00efques portant une \u00ab <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un texte grav\u00e9 ou cisel\u00e9 dans un support solide.\" tabindex=\"0\">inscription<\/span> d&rsquo;entr\u00e9e \u00bb (\u00ab Qu&rsquo;Ereshkigal ne vienne pas jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 moi \u00bb) \u00e9taient enterr\u00e9es aux entr\u00e9es des maisons (fouilles de Nimrud, Mallowan 1953-57). Sur les sceaux \u00e0 balance de ka, on trouve le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un signe qui repr\u00e9sente par substitution une id\u00e9e ou une signification.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbole<\/span> de la lance renvers\u00e9e, indiquant la porte des Enfers. Des plaquettes de lapis-lazuli portant son nom \u00e9taient plac\u00e9es dans les tombes comme offrandes fun\u00e9raires.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ereshkigal, parall\u00e8les dans d'autres cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ereshkigal ressemble \u00e0 la Pers\u00e9phone grecque ou \u00e0 H\u00e9ra, qui exercent elles aussi un pouvoir souterrain ou invisible. Elle partage avec Had\u00e8s la souverainet\u00e9 sur le royaume des morts, mais s&rsquo;en distingue par sa f\u00e9minit\u00e9 et son autorit\u00e9 strat\u00e9gique.<\/p><p>La d\u00e9esse \u00e9gyptienne Isis et la d\u00e9esse indienne Kali pr\u00e9sentent des aspects similaires : des figures f\u00e9minines divines qui veillent sur la vie et la mort. L&rsquo;intouchabilit\u00e9 et la justice d&rsquo;Ereshkigal font d&rsquo;elle l&rsquo;une des divinit\u00e9s f\u00e9minines les plus complexes de l&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5fe2f09 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp5fe2f09\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1899066 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp1899066\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La descente d'Inanna aux Enfers : le mythe central<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb1e5f28 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpb1e5f28\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp25852c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp25852c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La source la plus importante pour Ereshkigal est le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un r\u00e9cit transmis sur les dieux, les origines et l'ordre du monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythe<\/span> sum\u00e9rien de la descente d&rsquo;Inanna aux Enfers, transmis sur des tablettes cun\u00e9iformes du d\u00e9but du deuxi\u00e8me mill\u00e9naire av. J.-C. Le r\u00e9cit d\u00e9crit comment la d\u00e9esse c\u00e9leste Inanna d\u00e9cide de descendre dans le royaume de sa s\u0153ur a\u00een\u00e9e Ereshkigal, le pays sans retour.<\/p><p>Aux sept portes des Enfers, Inanna doit d\u00e9poser successivement un v\u00eatement ou un ornement, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 se pr\u00e9senter nue, d\u00e9pouill\u00e9e de ses insignes de pouvoir, devant Ereshkigal et les sept juges des Enfers, les Anunna. Ceux-ci tournent vers elle le regard de la mort, et Inanna devient un cadavre suspendu \u00e0 un pieu.<\/p><p>Ce n&rsquo;est que par l&rsquo;intervention du sage dieu Enki, qui envoie aux Enfers deux \u00eatres asexu\u00e9s porteurs de la nourriture de vie et de l&rsquo;eau de vie, qu&rsquo;Inanna peut \u00eatre ranim\u00e9e. Elle ne peut cependant s&rsquo;\u00e9chapper qu&rsquo;en fournissant un substitut, ce qui frappe finalement son \u00e9poux Dumuzi.<\/p><p>Une version akkadienne apparent\u00e9e, le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un r\u00e9cit transmis sur les dieux, les origines et l'ordre du monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythe<\/span> de la descente d&rsquo;Ishtar aux Enfers, est plus br\u00e8ve et diverge sur certains d\u00e9tails. La <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La science qui \u00e9tudie les religions de mani\u00e8re comparative et sans engagement confessionnel.\" tabindex=\"0\">science des religions<\/span> a examin\u00e9 ce texte de fa\u00e7on approfondie, notamment au regard du <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9l\u00e9ment th\u00e9matique r\u00e9current dans l'art ou le r\u00e9cit.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> de la descente par d\u00e9nudation et de la question d&rsquo;un arri\u00e8re-plan rituel.<\/p><p>Au centre se trouve Ereshkigal en tant que ma\u00eetresse inexorable d&rsquo;un domaine dont les lois ne peuvent \u00eatre transgress\u00e9es impun\u00e9ment, m\u00eame par une grande d\u00e9esse.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1e15695 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp1e15695\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6f90e0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp6f90e0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ereshkigal et Nergal : le r\u00e9cit du mariage des souverains des Enfers<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpac150ca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpac150ca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0688c1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp0688c1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Un second <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un r\u00e9cit transmis sur les dieux, les origines et l'ordre du monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythe<\/span> important explique comment Ereshkigal obtint son \u00e9poux. Le texte de Nergal et Ereshkigal est conserv\u00e9 en plusieurs versions, dont une plus courte provenant de Tell el-Amarna en \u00c9gypte, datant du 14e si\u00e8cle av. J.-C., et une plus longue issue de la biblioth\u00e8que d&rsquo;Assurbanipal du 7e si\u00e8cle.<\/p><p>Le r\u00e9cit commence par un festin des dieux du ciel auquel Ereshkigal ne peut pas participer, car elle ne peut quitter les Enfers. Elle envoie son messager vers le haut pour recueillir sa part. Le dieu Nergal omet de se lever devant ce messager, ce qui est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une insulte.<\/p><p>En expiation, Nergal doit descendre aux Enfers. L\u00e0, une union a lieu entre lui et Ereshkigal. Dans la version longue, Nergal tente d&rsquo;abord de fuir, mais Ereshkigal menace d&rsquo;envoyer les morts d\u00e9vorer les vivants si on ne le lui rend pas. Finalement, Nergal revient et devient co-souverain des Enfers.<\/p><p>Ce r\u00e9cit est instructif du point de vue de l&rsquo;histoire des religions, car il montre que le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'ensemble des dieux d'une religion ou d'une culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">panth\u00e9on<\/span> m\u00e9sopotamien dotait \u00e9galement les Enfers d&rsquo;une structure de gouvernance ordonn\u00e9e. Les sources plus anciennes connaissent Ereshkigal comme unique souveraine, ou mentionnent Gugalanna comme \u00e9poux.<\/p><p>Le lien avec Nergal repr\u00e9sente vraisemblablement une syst\u00e9matisation th\u00e9ologique tardive qui a fusionn\u00e9 deux conceptions des Enfers. La recherche d\u00e9bat de la question de savoir si l&rsquo;on peut y voir \u00e9galement le reflet d&rsquo;\u00e9volutions politiques ou cultuelles.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbfb7dfc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpbfb7dfc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpede8ea1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpede8ea1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les Enfers des M\u00e9sopotamiens et le royaume d'Ereshkigal<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfe9f0b1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpfe9f0b1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8ee7cb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp8ee7cb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pour comprendre la position d&rsquo;Ereshkigal, la conception m\u00e9sopotamienne des Enfers est elle-m\u00eame d\u00e9terminante. Dans les textes, elle est d\u00e9crite comme un lieu obscur, le pays sans retour, o\u00f9 les morts mangent de la poussi\u00e8re et ont de l&rsquo;argile pour nourriture, v\u00eatus comme des oiseaux d&rsquo;un plumage de plumes.<\/p><p>Ce n&rsquo;est pas un lieu de ch\u00e2timent au sens moral, mais le destin commun et sans joie de tous les d\u00e9funts, ind\u00e9pendamment de leurs actes.<\/p><p>Ereshkigal r\u00e8gne sur ce royaume. Son nom signifie approximativement \u00ab ma\u00eetresse de la grande terre \u00bb ou \u00ab ma\u00eetresse du grand en-bas \u00bb, le \u00ab grand pays \u00bb \u00e9tant une p\u00e9riphrase des Enfers.<\/p><p>Elle r\u00e9side dans un palais portant des noms tels que Ganzir, gard\u00e9 par sept portes et son vizir Namtar, porteur du destin et de la pestilence. \u00c0 ses c\u00f4t\u00e9s se tiennent les Anunna en tant qu&rsquo;instance judiciaire.<\/p><p>Ce qui caract\u00e9rise la conception m\u00e9sopotamienne, c&rsquo;est la rigueur des lois des Enfers. Quiconque descend est soumis \u00e0 la r\u00e8gle selon laquelle seul un substitut permet de s&rsquo;\u00e9chapper. M\u00eame les dieux sont soumis \u00e0 ces lois, comme le montre le sort d&rsquo;Inanna. Ereshkigal incarne ainsi un ordre cosmique qui est incorruptible.<\/p><p>La c\u00e9l\u00e8bre \u00e9pop\u00e9e de <em>Gilgame\u0161<\/em> refl\u00e8te dans sa description du royaume des morts la m\u00eame conception sombre. La <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La science qui \u00e9tudie les religions de mani\u00e8re comparative et sans engagement confessionnel.\" tabindex=\"0\">science des religions<\/span> voit en Ereshkigal moins une figure malveillante qu&rsquo;une figure n\u00e9cessaire, qui occupe le p\u00f4le in\u00e9vitable de la mort au sein d&rsquo;une vision du monde par ailleurs tourn\u00e9e vers la vie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Liens compl\u00e9mentaires<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"\/fr\/ishtar\/\">Ishtar, s\u0153ur akkadienne<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/nergal\/\">Nergal, \u00e9poux dans la tradition tardive<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/persephone\/\">Persephone, parall\u00e8le grec<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/hekate\/\">Hekate, identifi\u00e9e \u00e0 Ereshkigal dans la tradition PGM<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/mesopotamie\/\">M\u00e9sopotamie, aper\u00e7u du panth\u00e9on<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/divinites-des-morts\/\">Divinit\u00e9s des morts, sous-cat\u00e9gorie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/dieux\/\">Dieux, aper\u00e7u des classes<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sources et bibliographie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Wolkstein, Diane \/ Kramer, Samuel Noah : <em>Inanna. Queen of Heaven and Earth<\/em>. New York 1983.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Betz, Hans Dieter (\u00e9d.) : <em>The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation<\/em>. Chicago 1986 (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Fusion de repr\u00e9sentations ou de divinit\u00e9s issues de diff\u00e9rentes traditions religieuses.\" tabindex=\"0\">syncr\u00e9tisme<\/span> Ereshkigal-H\u00e9cate).<\/span><\/li><li>Walde, Christine (\u00e9d.) : <em>Der Neue Pauly<\/em> (notice \u00ab Ereschkigal \u00bb).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>D&rsquo;autres ouvrages de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence dans la <a href=\"\/fr\/bibliographie\/\">bibliographie<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1735,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Ereshkigal","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ereshkigal \u2013 Ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Ereshkigal, ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens. S\u0153ur d'Ishtar, \u00e9pouse de Nergal \u2013 souveraine des morts et des sept portes des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"mesopotamien","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[27,25,59],"class_list":["post-10655","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-goetter","category-kulturen","category-mesopotamien"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ereshkigal \u2013 Ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ereshkigal, ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens. S\u0153ur d&#039;Ishtar, \u00e9pouse de Nergal \u2013 souveraine des morts et des sept portes des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ereshkigal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ereshkigal, ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens. S\u0153ur d&#039;Ishtar, \u00e9pouse de Nergal \u2013 souveraine des morts et des sept portes des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-16T14:44:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/\",\"name\":\"Ereshkigal \u2013 Ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-04-27T10:35:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-16T14:44:28+00:00\",\"description\":\"Ereshkigal, ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens. S\u0153ur d'Ishtar, \u00e9pouse de Nergal \u2013 souveraine des morts et des sept portes des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Dieux de la tradition m\u00e9sopotamienne.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/home\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ereshkigal\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Ereshkigal\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-04-27T10:35:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-16T14:44:28+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fr\\\/ereshkigal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"Goetter\",\"Kulturen\",\"Mesopotamien\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"description\":\"Ereshkigal, ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens. S\u0153ur d'Ishtar, \u00e9pouse de Nergal \u2013 souveraine des morts et des sept portes des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ereshkigal \u2013 Ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens","description":"Ereshkigal, ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens. S\u0153ur d'Ishtar, \u00e9pouse de Nergal \u2013 souveraine des morts et des sept portes des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Ereshkigal","og_description":"Ereshkigal, ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens. S\u0153ur d'Ishtar, \u00e9pouse de Nergal \u2013 souveraine des morts et des sept portes des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-06-16T14:44:28+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Ereshkigal","datePublished":"2026-04-27T10:35:32+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-16T14:44:28+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp","articleSection":["Goetter","Kulturen","Mesopotamien"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","description":"Ereshkigal, ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens. S\u0153ur d'Ishtar, \u00e9pouse de Nergal \u2013 souveraine des morts et des sept portes des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/","name":"Ereshkigal \u2013 Ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp","datePublished":"2026-04-27T10:35:32+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-16T14:44:28+00:00","description":"Ereshkigal, ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens. S\u0153ur d'Ishtar, \u00e9pouse de Nergal \u2013 souveraine des morts et des sept portes des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Dieux de la tradition m\u00e9sopotamienne."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/home\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ereshkigal"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Ereshkigal","datePublished":"2026-04-27T10:35:32+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-16T14:44:28+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/ereshkigal\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_ereshkigal.webp","articleSection":["Goetter","Kulturen","Mesopotamien"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","description":"Ereshkigal, ma\u00eetresse des Enfers m\u00e9sopotamiens. S\u0153ur d'Ishtar, \u00e9pouse de Nergal \u2013 souveraine des morts et des sept portes des t\u00e9n\u00e8bres."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10655","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10655"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10655\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1735"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10655"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10655"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}