{"id":10405,"date":"2026-04-21T13:17:25","date_gmt":"2026-04-21T13:17:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=10405"},"modified":"2026-06-21T13:47:57","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T13:47:57","slug":"cheonyeo-gwishin","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fr\/cheonyeo-gwishin\/","title":{"rendered":"Cheonyeo-gwishin"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"10405\" class=\"elementor elementor-10405 elementor-1333\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cheonyeo-gwishin, esprit de la tradition cor\u00e9enne<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cheonyeo-gwishin est un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00eatre incorporel \u00e0 qui l'on attribue une action dans le monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">esprit<\/span> de la tradition cor\u00e9enne.<\/p><p>Esprit d&rsquo;une jeune femme d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e vierge dans la tradition cor\u00e9enne, un lien inaccompli comme raison de son retour.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Esprit : entit\u00e9 incorporelle ou semi-corporelle, d\u00e9funts, \u00eatres de la nature, esprits du foyer ou gardiens des seuils. Agit dans la vie quotidienne, souvent li\u00e9 \u00e0 des lieux ou \u00e0 des familles.\">Esprit<\/span><a href=\"\/fr\/coree\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Univers des dieux, des chamanes et des esprits populaires cor\u00e9ens.\">Korea<\/a><a href=\"\/fr\/esprits-des-morts\/\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"D\u00e9funts dont les esprits continuent d'agir dans ce monde, esprits du foyer, anc\u00eatres, morts sans repos.\">Esprit des morts<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable des mati\u00e8res\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Ouvrir la table des mati\u00e8res\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Fermer la table des mati\u00e8res\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_korea_cheonyeo-gwishin-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-131190\" alt=\"Cheonyeo Gwishin - esprits de la tradition cor\u00e9enne, illustration historique\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_korea_cheonyeo-gwishin-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_korea_cheonyeo-gwishin-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_korea_cheonyeo-gwishin-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_korea_cheonyeo-gwishin.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cheonyeo-gwishin<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le Cheonyeo-gwishin (\ucc98\ub140\uadc0\uc2e0, \u00ab esprit de la jeune femme non mari\u00e9e \u00bb) est une forme particuli\u00e8re du Gwishin cor\u00e9en. Il d\u00e9signe l&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;une jeune femme d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e sans s&rsquo;\u00eatre mari\u00e9e. Dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Joseon fortement marqu\u00e9e par le confucianisme, le mariage \u00e9tait consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le but essentiel de l&rsquo;existence ; mourir avant de se marier signifiait une vie incompl\u00e8te et l&rsquo;absence de descendants capables d&rsquo;accomplir les rites ancestraux (<em>jesa<\/em>).<\/p><p>Cette figure est l&rsquo;une des plus embl\u00e9matiques du motif cor\u00e9en des esprits : v\u00eatement de deuil blanc, longs cheveux noirs, visage dissimul\u00e9. Elle continue d&rsquo;influencer le K-Drama et le cin\u00e9ma d&rsquo;horreur cor\u00e9en jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 aujourd&rsquo;hui.<\/p><div><h3>L&rsquo;ordre confuc\u00e9en des sexes et le Han<\/h3><p>Le destin du <em>Cheonyeo-gwishin<\/em> est directement li\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;id\u00e9ologie confuc\u00e9enne des genres. Dans l&rsquo;\u00c9tat Joseon, le r\u00f4le de la femme en tant qu&rsquo;\u00e9pouse et m\u00e8re \u00e9tait normatif ; une femme non mari\u00e9e constituait une anomalie sociale. La mort pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e aggrave cet \u00e9tat d&rsquo;exception : elle n&rsquo;est int\u00e9gr\u00e9e dans la structure familiale ni comme \u00e9pouse ni comme m\u00e8re.<\/p><p>Son corps demeure dans une position ind\u00e9termin\u00e9e. Le Han du Cheonyeo na\u00eet de cette effacement structurel : elle n&rsquo;existe qu&rsquo;en tant que manque. Les interpr\u00e9tations f\u00e9ministes modernes du motif du Cheonyeo y lisent une confrontation critique avec les syst\u00e8mes patriarcaux. L&rsquo;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00eatre incorporel \u00e0 qui l'on attribue une action dans le monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">esprit<\/span> de la femme non mari\u00e9e devient l&rsquo;incarnation de toutes les filles et femmes \u00e0 qui la participation a \u00e9t\u00e9 refus\u00e9e.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aper\u00e7u rapide : Cheonyeo<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Type :<\/strong> Esprit des morts, sous-groupe du Gwishin<br>D\u00e9clencheur : Mort sans mariage, t\u00e2che de vie inaccomplie, absence de descendants<br>Origine : Ordre social confuc\u00e9en de la p\u00e9riode Joseon<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9l\u00e9ment th\u00e9matique r\u00e9current dans l'art ou le r\u00e9cit.\" tabindex=\"0\">Motif<\/span> : Retour pour clarifier l&rsquo;inaccomplissement ; mariage posthume comme r\u00e9solution<br>Protection : Mariage posthume, rites jesa, gut chamanique<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contexte<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u00e9riode des textes<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>La figure se consolide \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque Joseon (1392\u20131910) avec l&rsquo;imposition sociale des normes confuc\u00e9ennes familiales et rituelles. Dans cet ordre, le mariage est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le statut central qui r\u00e9git l&rsquo;appartenance au cercle ancestral.<\/span><\/p><p>Une femme d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e sans s&rsquo;\u00eatre mari\u00e9e est exclue de ce syst\u00e8me et ne peut \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9e ni dans le cercle ancestral de sa famille d&rsquo;origine ni dans celui de son (inexistant) mari.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Les recueils yadam de l&rsquo;\u00e9poque Joseon contiennent de nombreux r\u00e9cits de Cheonyeo-gwishin. Aux XX<sup>e<\/sup> et XXI<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cles, la figure est reprise de mani\u00e8re intensive dans le cin\u00e9ma, le K-Drama et le manhwa, notamment dans \u00ab A Tale of Two Sisters \u00bb (Janghwa, Hongryeon, 2003).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aire de diffusion<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les r\u00e9cits sont r\u00e9pandus dans toute la Cor\u00e9e, avec des corpus particuli\u00e8rement denses dans les r\u00e9gions \u00e0 forte tradition savante confuc\u00e9enne : Gyeongju, Andong, Jeonju. Les lieux d&rsquo;action sont souvent d&rsquo;anciennes cours de familles lettr\u00e9es, des <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9difice destin\u00e9 \u00e0 la v\u00e9n\u00e9ration d'une ou plusieurs divinit\u00e9s.\" tabindex=\"0\">temples<\/span> et des pi\u00e8ces vides dans la maison des parents de la d\u00e9funte.<\/p><p>Dans les versions modernes, les Cheonyeo-gwishin apparaissent \u00e9galement dans des \u00e9coles, des h\u00f4pitaux et des immeubles r\u00e9sidentiels \u2013 des lieux o\u00f9 de jeunes femmes pourraient vivre et mourir soudainement de nos jours.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c9tat des sources<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Sources importantes : recueils yadam et paesol de l&rsquo;\u00e9poque Joseon ; Kim Tae-gon, Han&rsquo;guk musok y\u014fn&rsquo;gu (1981) ; Kendall, Shamans, Housewives (1985) ; nombreux articles sur l&rsquo;ordre confuc\u00e9en des genres \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque Joseon.<\/span><\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Pour la r\u00e9ception cin\u00e9matographique et la culture populaire : travaux sur Janghwa, Hongryeon (2003) et sur le genre K-Horror des ann\u00e9es 2000 et 2010.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nom et variantes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Compos\u00e9 de \ucc98\ub140 (\u00ab jeune femme non mari\u00e9e, vierge \u00bb) et de \uadc0\uc2e0 (\u00ab esprit des morts \u00bb).<\/p><ul><li><strong>Son-gaksi<\/strong>, dans certains r\u00e9cits un synonyme ou une sous-cat\u00e9gorie.<\/li><li>Mongdal-gwishin, pendant masculin : homme d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 c\u00e9libataire.<\/li><li>Yeogwi (\uc5ec\uadc0), \u00ab esprit f\u00e9minin des morts \u00bb, terme plus large.<\/li><li>Jeoseung-gakssi, dans les r\u00e9cits populaires, d\u00e9signation de l&rsquo;\u00e9pouse dans l&rsquo;au-del\u00e0, \u00e9galement dans le contexte rituel du mariage posthume (<em>y\u014fnggy\u014fl<\/em>).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Description<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Apparence.<\/strong> Jeune femme en v\u00eatement de deuil blanc (<em>sobok<\/em>), longs cheveux noirs d\u00e9nou\u00e9s cachant le visage. Pieds nus ou en chaussettes traditionnelles. G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement sans visage visible ; l&rsquo;apparition communique par la posture et le geste.<\/p><p>Comportement. Appara\u00eet sur le lieu de sa mort, dans la maison de ses parents ou dans un endroit marqu\u00e9 par un d\u00e9sir inassouvi. Se plaint rarement ; se tient silencieuse, d\u00e9signe des lieux ou des objets qui portent une requ\u00eate.<\/p><p>Effets. Provoque chez les t\u00e9moins frayeur, maladie, \u00e9vanouissement, cauchemars. Dans les cas graves, la rencontre entra\u00eene la folie ou la mort.<\/p><div><h3>Constantes iconographiques et variations<\/h3><p>Le Cheonyeo-gwishin est caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 dans les traditions artistiques par des traits constants : v\u00eatement de deuil blanc (<em>sobok<\/em>), longs cheveux noirs, teint p\u00e2le ou bleut\u00e9, parfois des attributs de jeune fille non mari\u00e9e.<\/p><p>Dans certaines versions locales, elle porte encore sa robe de mari\u00e9e ou le costume de la fianc\u00e9e. Le v\u00eatement blanc n&rsquo;est pas seulement un symbole de deuil, il marque \u00e9galement sa sexualit\u00e9 comme intacte et donc dangereuse.<\/p><p>Dans les adaptations modernes, l&rsquo;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9tude des contenus iconographiques et de leur signification.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconographie<\/span> est souvent amplifi\u00e9e de fa\u00e7on grotesque : le Cheonyeo peut appara\u00eetre avec une robe de mari\u00e9e ensanglant\u00e9e ou des membres mutil\u00e9s. Cette variation entre repr\u00e9sentation classique m\u00e9lancolique et repr\u00e9sentation moderne agressive montre comment le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9l\u00e9ment th\u00e9matique r\u00e9current dans l'art ou le r\u00e9cit.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> originel du deuil est transform\u00e9 en source de puissance.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil : Cheonyeo<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les aspects essentiels du Cheonyeo-gwishin en un coup d&rsquo;\u0153il.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Origine du Cheonyeo<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jeune femme d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e sans \u00eatre mari\u00e9e ; lacune sociale et rituelle dans l&rsquo;ordre confuc\u00e9en.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cibles du Cheonyeo<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La famille et les proches ; les habitants de la maison parentale ; les t\u00e9moins fortuits ; dans la r\u00e9ception moderne : les colocataires et le personnel de service.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Forme<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u00eatue de blanc, aux longs cheveux, au teint p\u00e2le, sans visage visible ou aux yeux clos ; figure silencieuse et empreinte de chagrin.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fonction<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cauchemars, maladie, trouble dans la maison ; dans les cas graves, folie ou mort des t\u00e9moins ; hantise souvent durable.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Formes de protection<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mariage posthume (<em>y\u014fnggy\u014fl<\/em>) entre deux d\u00e9funts non mari\u00e9s ; <em>gut<\/em> chamanique ; c\u00e9r\u00e9monies fun\u00e9raires bouddhistes ; rites jesa pr\u00e9cis accomplis par la famille.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c9quivalents<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Onry\u014d<\/em> et <em>ubume<\/em> japonais ; <em>n\u01da gu\u01d0<\/em> chinois et traditions de la mari\u00e9e des morts mingqi ; la Dame blanche europ\u00e9enne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pratiques de protection<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Y\u014fnggy\u014fl.<\/strong> Le \u00ab mariage des esprits \u00bb posthume unit deux d\u00e9funts non mari\u00e9s afin que tous deux puissent \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9s dans le cercle ancestral d&rsquo;une maison commune. Le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Une action religieuse codifi\u00e9e et r\u00e9currente.\" tabindex=\"0\">rite<\/span> est encore vivant de nos jours dans certaines r\u00e9gions de Cor\u00e9e, parfois avec des poup\u00e9es, parfois avec des objets repr\u00e9sentant les d\u00e9funts.<\/p><p>Ssitgim-gut. Le gut chamanique de purification (notamment la variante de Jeolla et Jindo) lib\u00e8re le lien de l&rsquo;\u00e2me ; la mudang appelle, parle, guide l&rsquo;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00eatre incorporel \u00e0 qui l'on attribue une action dans le monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">esprit<\/span>.<\/p><p>Jesa. L&rsquo;offrande ancestrale confuc\u00e9enne est accomplie pour les d\u00e9funts non mari\u00e9s selon des formes particuli\u00e8res, afin de permettre leur int\u00e9gration dans le cercle ancestral.<\/p><p>Cheondo-jae. Rituel bouddhiste de transition destin\u00e9 \u00e0 conduire l&rsquo;\u00e2me du statut de Gwishin agit\u00e9 vers une situation de renaissance ordinaire.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cheonyeo, parall\u00e8les dans d'autres cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Japon.<\/strong> L&rsquo;<em>ubume<\/em>, la femme d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e en couches, partage le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9l\u00e9ment th\u00e9matique r\u00e9current dans l'art ou le r\u00e9cit.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> du r\u00f4le inaccompli. La tradition classique onry\u014d de l&rsquo;\u00e9poque Edo pr\u00e9sente une forte proximit\u00e9 iconographique.<\/p><p>Chine. Les mari\u00e9es des morts chinoises (<em>minghun<\/em>) sont unies par des rites de mariage posthumes ; le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9l\u00e9ment th\u00e9matique r\u00e9current dans l'art ou le r\u00e9cit.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> est partag\u00e9 avec la pratique cor\u00e9enne du y\u014fnggy\u014fl.<\/p><p>Europe. La Dame blanche des cercles de l\u00e9gendes germanophones et slaves \u2013 souvent une fianc\u00e9e abandonn\u00e9e ou une ch\u00e2telaine d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e pr\u00e9matur\u00e9ment \u2013 est fonctionnellement et iconographiquement apparent\u00e9e.<\/p><p>Vietnam. Des \u00ab esprits affam\u00e9s des morts \u00bb comparables de d\u00e9funtes non mari\u00e9es existent dans la tradition populaire vietnamienne.<\/p><div><h3>Transformations litt\u00e9raires et cin\u00e9matographiques<\/h3><p>Le Cheonyeo-gwishin est l&rsquo;une des figures les plus marquantes du genre cor\u00e9en de l&rsquo;horreur et du fantastique. Le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9l\u00e9ment th\u00e9matique r\u00e9current dans l'art ou le r\u00e9cit.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> permet aux cin\u00e9astes et aux auteurs d&rsquo;aborder des questions d&rsquo;identit\u00e9 de genre, de violence conjugale et de sexualit\u00e9 f\u00e9minine. Des drames comme <em>My Love from the Star<\/em> et <em>Tale of the Nine-Tailed<\/em> utilisent des personnages Cheonyeo pour explorer des th\u00e8mes d&rsquo;amour v\u00e9cu s\u00e9par\u00e9ment et de deuil.<\/p><p>Un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9l\u00e9ment th\u00e9matique r\u00e9current dans l'art ou le r\u00e9cit.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> moderne r\u00e9current est celui du Cheonyeo-gwishin qui s&rsquo;approche d&rsquo;une de ses rivales pour se venger. Le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9l\u00e9ment th\u00e9matique r\u00e9current dans l'art ou le r\u00e9cit.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> classique des proches en deuil, silencieux et \u00e9plor\u00e9s, est ici invers\u00e9 : la femme morte devient l&rsquo;agent de sa propre histoire.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc41b0e6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpc41b0e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0c537a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp0c537a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La morte non mari\u00e9e dans la Cor\u00e9e confuc\u00e9enne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8837bd4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp8837bd4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp154499e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp154499e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le <em>cheonyeo-gwishin<\/em> (\ucc98\ub140\uadc0\uc2e0), l&rsquo;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00eatre incorporel \u00e0 qui l'on attribue une action dans le monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">esprit<\/span> de la jeune femme d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e vierge, est l&rsquo;une des condensations les plus saisissantes de la logique sociale de la croyance cor\u00e9enne aux esprits. Dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 confuc\u00e9enne de la p\u00e9riode Joseon, la vocation d&rsquo;une femme \u00e9tait essentiellement le mariage et la maternit\u00e9.<\/p><p>Une femme d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e sans \u00eatre mari\u00e9e et sans descendants n&rsquo;avait pas, de ce point de vue, atteint son objectif social. De plus, elle \u00e9tait priv\u00e9e d&rsquo;une place rituelle dans le syst\u00e8me ancestral, car elle n&rsquo;appartenait de fa\u00e7on durable ni \u00e0 sa famille d&rsquo;origine ni \u00e0 une belle-famille qui lui aurait rendu des rites.<\/p><p>C&rsquo;est de cette double lacune que na\u00eet la conception du <em>cheonyeo-gwishin<\/em>. Son <em>han<\/em>, son ressentiment accumul\u00e9 et son d\u00e9sir inassouvi, est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme particuli\u00e8rement intense, car une vie compl\u00e8te lui a \u00e9t\u00e9 structurellement refus\u00e9e.<\/p><p>Le r\u00e9cit populaire en fait un \u00eatre sans repos qui se manifeste aupr\u00e8s des vivants \u2013 souvent aupr\u00e8s de la famille, en un lieu pr\u00e9cis ou aupr\u00e8s d&rsquo;une personne qui porte une responsabilit\u00e9 dans son destin.<\/p><p>La repr\u00e9sentation iconographique est hautement codifi\u00e9e : un v\u00eatement de deuil blanc, le <em>sobok<\/em> cor\u00e9en traditionnel, de longs cheveux noirs d\u00e9nou\u00e9s, souvent un visage bl\u00eame. Cette image renvoie directement \u00e0 la mort dans l&rsquo;\u00e9tat non mari\u00e9, car les cheveux d\u00e9nou\u00e9s marquent le mariage non accompli ; les femmes mari\u00e9es portaient les cheveux relev\u00e9s.<\/p><p>Le <em>cheonyeo-gwishin<\/em> porte ainsi sa condition sociale visiblement sur son corps. Il convient de distinguer, tout en lui reconnaissant une parent\u00e9, le <a href=\"\/fr\/gwishin\/\">gwishin<\/a> comme cat\u00e9gorie g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, dans laquelle l&rsquo;esprit de la jeune femme vierge s&rsquo;inscrit comme type sp\u00e9cifique.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1827522 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp1827522\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd27ff39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpd27ff39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sch\u00e9mas narratifs et le motif de la v\u00e9rit\u00e9 r\u00e9prim\u00e9e<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cped0dd33 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cped0dd33\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb740019 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpb740019\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dans les r\u00e9cits traditionnels, le <em>cheonyeo-gwishin<\/em> suit un sch\u00e9ma r\u00e9current. La femme est souvent devenue <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Offrande \u00e0 une divinit\u00e9 pour exprimer gratitude, supplication ou v\u00e9n\u00e9ration.\" tabindex=\"0\">victime<\/span> d&rsquo;une injustice tue : un viol, un meurtre, une fausse accusation, un suicide forc\u00e9 pour pr\u00e9server l&rsquo;honneur familial.<\/p><p>L&rsquo;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00eatre incorporel \u00e0 qui l'on attribue une action dans le monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">esprit<\/span> n&rsquo;appara\u00eet alors pas au hasard, mais de fa\u00e7on cibl\u00e9e \u00e0 un fonctionnaire ou une figure puissante \u2013 g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement pour faire \u00e9clater la v\u00e9rit\u00e9 r\u00e9prim\u00e9e. Ce n&rsquo;est que lorsque l&rsquo;injustice est publiquement reconnue et les coupables punis que l&rsquo;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00eatre incorporel \u00e0 qui l'on attribue une action dans le monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">esprit<\/span> peut trouver le repos.<\/p><p>Ce sch\u00e9ma est largement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 dans la litt\u00e9rature. Le r\u00e9cit de Janghwa et Hongryeon, deux s\u0153urs injustement calomni\u00e9es dont les esprits apparaissent \u00e0 un nouveau fonctionnaire et le poussent \u00e0 faire la lumi\u00e8re sur leur sort, est l&rsquo;un des r\u00e9cits populaires cor\u00e9ens les plus connus ; il a \u00e9t\u00e9 transcrit et adapt\u00e9 au cin\u00e9ma \u00e0 plusieurs reprises.<\/p><p>La structure ressemble \u00e0 une proc\u00e9dure judiciaire : l&rsquo;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00eatre incorporel \u00e0 qui l'on attribue une action dans le monde.\" tabindex=\"0\">esprit<\/span> porte plainte, l&rsquo;autorit\u00e9 comp\u00e9tente enqu\u00eate, le jugement r\u00e9tablit l&rsquo;ordre. Le <em>cheonyeo-gwishin<\/em> est en ce sens moins une figure d&rsquo;\u00e9pouvante qu&rsquo;une instance de justice qui intervient l\u00e0 o\u00f9 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des vivants a failli.<\/p><p>La culture populaire moderne a repris ce sch\u00e9ma tout en le d\u00e9pla\u00e7ant. Dans le cin\u00e9ma d&rsquo;horreur cor\u00e9en, l&rsquo;esprit de la jeune femme vierge appara\u00eet souvent d&rsquo;abord comme une pure menace, mais le d\u00e9nouement r\u00e9v\u00e8le r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement l&rsquo;injustice tue qui le retient.<\/p><p>L&rsquo;ancienne logique demeure ainsi pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e : la terreur est un moyen, non une fin. Lu sous l&rsquo;angle des sciences des religions, le <em>cheonyeo-gwishin<\/em> est un miroir des contraintes que le syst\u00e8me confuc\u00e9en des genres imposait aux femmes, et sa pr\u00e9sence culturelle persistante montre \u00e0 quel point ces contraintes sont ancr\u00e9es dans la m\u00e9moire collective.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Liens compl\u00e9mentaires<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Liens internes recommand\u00e9s :<\/p><ul><li>Page culturelle <strong>Korea<\/strong>.<\/li><li>Autres profils individuels de Cor\u00e9e : <a href=\"\/fr\/dokkaebi\/\">Dokkaebi<\/a>, <a href=\"\/fr\/gwishin\/\">Gwishin<\/a>, <a href=\"\/fr\/gumiho\/\">Gumiho<\/a>, <a href=\"\/fr\/jeoseung-saja\/\">Jeoseung Saja<\/a>.<\/li><li>Parall\u00e8les : Y\u016brei (Japon), <a href=\"\/fr\/gui\/\">Gui<\/a> (Chine), <a href=\"\/fr\/preta\/\">Preta<\/a> (bouddhisme).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliographie (s\u00e9lection)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Une s\u00e9lection concise de travaux essentiels sur le Cheonyeo-gwishin et les esprits cor\u00e9ens :<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Kendall, Laurel : <em>Shamans, Housewives, and Other Restless Spirits.<\/em> University of Hawai\u02bbi Press, Honolulu 1985.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Janelli, Roger L. \/ Janelli, Dawnhee Yim : <em>Ancestor Worship and Korean Society.<\/em> Stanford University Press, Stanford 1982.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Grayson, James Huntley : <em>Myths and Legends from Korea.<\/em> Routledge, Londres 2001.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Autres ouvrages de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence dans la <a href=\"\/fr\/bibliographie\/\">bibliographie<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-cheonyeo-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-cheonyeo-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-cheonyeo-gwishin\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-cheonyeo-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-cheonyeo-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">La pratique de protection d\u00e9crite ici constitue une mise en contexte historico-religieuse de traditions historiques. iWell Guard s&rsquo;inscrit dans cette lign\u00e9e culturelle et historique d&rsquo;objets de protection portables et en repr\u00e9sente une forme contemporaine. <a href=\"\/fr\/a-propos-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">En savoir plus sur l&rsquo;iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cheonyeo-gwishin, Geist der koreanischen Tradition Cheonyeo-gwishin ist Geist der koreanischen Tradition. Jungfrauen-Totengeist der koreanischen Tradition, unerf\u00fcllte Bindung als R\u00fcckkehrgrund. GeistKoreaTotengeist Inhaltsverzeichnis Cheonyeo-gwishin Der Cheonyeo-gwishin (\ucc98\ub140\uadc0\uc2e0, \u201eJungfrauen-Totengeist\u201c) ist eine besondere Auspr\u00e4gung des koreanischen Gwishin. Er bezeichnet den Totengeist einer jungen, unverheiratet verstorbenen Frau. In der stark konfuzianisch gepr\u00e4gten Joseon-Gesellschaft galt die Ehe als entscheidendes Lebensziel; der [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1692,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Cheonyeo-gwishin","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Cheonyeo-gwishin | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Cheonyeo-gwishin : esprit d'une femme non mari\u00e9e dans la religion populaire cor\u00e9enne, iconographie et moyens de protection.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"korea","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-10405","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ 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