{"id":144615,"date":"2026-09-03T12:37:19","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T12:37:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=144615"},"modified":"2026-09-03T13:03:31","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T13:03:31","slug":"tunupa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/","title":{"rendered":"Tunupa"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"144615\" class=\"elementor elementor-144615 elementor-19010\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tunupa, vaeltajajumala ja tulivuori suolaj\u00e4rven \u00e4\u00e4rell\u00e4<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tunupa on <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Personifioitu korkein voima kulttuurin jumaltarustossa, jota palvotaan kulttien ja uhrien kautta.\" tabindex=\"0\">jumala<\/span> aymaroiden perinteess\u00e4.<\/p><p><strong>Vanha vaeltaja- ja tulijumaluus, jonka nimi on annettu tulivuorelle.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Jumala \/ Jumalatar: Kulttuurin pantheonin persoonoitunut korkein voima, jolla on selke\u00e4t vastuualueet, kuten luonnonvoimat, kohtalo, sota ja hedelm\u00e4llisyys. Palvotaan kulttien, uhrien ja temppeli-instituutioiden kautta.\">Jumala<\/span><span class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Aymaroiden andilainen uskomusmaailma Altiplanolla, jossa on achachiloita ja vuorenpalvontaa.\">Aymara<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;T\\u00e4lt\\u00e4 sivulta ei l\\u00f6ytynyt otsikoita.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSis\u00e4llysluettelo\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-148291\" alt=\"Tunupa, vanha Andien jumaluus suolaj\u00e4rven \u00e4\u00e4rell\u00e4\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tunupa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tunupa on inkoja edelt\u00e4v\u00e4 Titicaca-alueen aymarajumaluus, joka yhdistet\u00e4\u00e4n tuleen, ukkoseen ja tulivuoritoimintaan, ja samalla Salar de Uyunin tulivuoren nimi. Vuori ja jumaluus on pidett\u00e4v\u00e4 tarkasti erill\u00e4\u00e4n: jumaluus on vanhempi ja koko j\u00e4rvialueen yhteinen, tulivuori on noin 5321 metri\u00e4 korkea.<\/p><p>Myytti kertoo vanhasta, parrakkaasta, valkoisesta vaeltajasta sauvoineen, joka kulkee pohjoisesta etel\u00e4\u00e4n, tekee ihmeit\u00e4, saarnaa ja her\u00e4tt\u00e4\u00e4 vihaa, kunnes h\u00e4net sidotaan lautalle ja heitet\u00e4\u00e4n j\u00e4rveen, jolloin R\u00edo Desaguadero-joki avautuu. Bertonio kirjoittaa vuonna 1612, ett\u00e4 Tunupan sanominen tarkoittaa Jumalan sanomista.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yleiskatsaus: Tunupa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Tyyppi:<\/strong> aymaroiden vaeltaja-, tuli- ja tulivuorijumaluus<br>Alkuper\u00e4: Titicaca- ja Collao-alue, inkoja edelt\u00e4v\u00e4<br>Tekstit: siirtomaa-ajan kronikat 1603 alkaen, Bertonio 1612, Ramos Gavil\u00e1n 1621<br>Ajanjakso: vanhempi myytti, kirjattu siirtomaa-aikana<br>Ilmiasu: vanha, parrakas, valkoinen vaeltaja sauvoineen; samalla tulivuori<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tekstihistoria<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tekstien ajanjakso<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nimi esiintyy l\u00e4hteiss\u00e4 nimenomaisesti vasta vuodesta 1603 alkaen; vanhempia nimivariantteja ovat Taguapaca ja Tuapaca. Itse myytin katsotaan olevan huomattavasti vanhempi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Levinneisyysalue<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Titicaca- ja Collao-alue sek\u00e4 Salar de Uyuni Boliviassa, jonka pohjoisreunalla Volc\u00e1n Tunupa sijaitsee.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L\u00e4hdetilanne<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jumaluudesta hyvin dokumentoitua: siirtomaa-ajan kronikat 1603 alkaen, Bertonio ja Ramos Gavil\u00e1n; vuori ja jumaluus on t\u00e4ss\u00e4 yhteydess\u00e4 aina pidett\u00e4v\u00e4 erill\u00e4\u00e4n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nimi ja muodot<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Aymara:<\/strong> Etymologia on ep\u00e4varma; suosittu tulkinta on ukkonen tai salama, Ramos Gavil\u00e1n selitt\u00e4\u00e4 nimen tarkoittavan suurta viisasta ja herraa. Vanhempia nimivariantteja ovat Taguapaca ja Tuapaca. Bertonio kirjoittaa vuonna 1612, ett\u00e4 Tunupan sanominen tarkoittaa Jumalan sanomista.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vaeltajan hahmo<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ilmiasu<\/strong><\/p><p>Jumaluus ilmenee vanhana, parrakkaana, valkoisena vaeltajana sauvoineen. Volc\u00e1n Tunupa on puolestaan Salar de Uyunin pohjoisreunalla sijaitseva sammunut tulivuori, jossa on muumioita sis\u00e4lt\u00e4v\u00e4 luola; sit\u00e4 pidet\u00e4\u00e4n nyky\u00e4\u00e4n pyh\u00e4n\u00e4 Achachilana.<\/p><p><strong>Vaikutus<\/strong><\/p><p>Tunupa yhdistet\u00e4\u00e4n tuleen, ukkoseen ja tulivuoritoimintaan, ja sen vaikutus on kulttuuria muovaava. Suolaj\u00e4rven legendassa, joka on osittain aito, osittain matkailun muotoilema, j\u00e4rve\u00e4 ymp\u00e4r\u00f6iv\u00e4t vuoret ovat personifioituja j\u00e4ttil\u00e4isi\u00e4, ja Tunupan maito tai kyyneleet muodostavat suolatasangon.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Perustiedot: Tunupa<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vanhan Andien jumaluuden t\u00e4rkeimm\u00e4t piirteet yhdell\u00e4 silm\u00e4yksell\u00e4.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Perinne<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Inkoja edelt\u00e4v\u00e4 Titicaca-alueen aymarajumaluus, joka kirjattiin siirtomaa-aikana vuodesta 1603 alkaen ja tulkittiin varhain uudelleen kristillisitt\u00e4in.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kohdistuu<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Collaon andilaiskansat: Tunupa vaeltaa heid\u00e4n maassaan, tekee ihmeit\u00e4, saarnaa ja her\u00e4tt\u00e4\u00e4 vihaa.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Esitt\u00e4minen<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vanha, parrakas, valkoinen vaeltaja sauvoineen; sen lis\u00e4ksi sammunut tulivuori muumioluolineen suolaj\u00e4rven pohjoisreunalla.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vaikutusalue<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tuli, ukkonen ja tulivuoritoiminta sek\u00e4 kulttuuria muovaava vaikutus pohjoisesta etel\u00e4\u00e4n suuntautuvalla vaelluksella.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Suhtautuminen<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Itsen\u00e4inen kultti on k\u00e4yt\u00e4nn\u00f6ss\u00e4 sammunut tai kristillisen vaikutuksen peitt\u00e4m\u00e4; tulivuorella tuodaan nyky\u00e4\u00e4n despacho-uhreja kuten muillakin vuorilla.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vertailukohtia<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Alasita-juhlan runsauden jumala Ekeko; yhden hypoteesin mukaan Tunupa on vanhempi jumaluus inkojen Viracochan alla.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vaeltaja lautalla: myytti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nimi esiintyy l\u00e4hteiss\u00e4 nimenomaisesti vasta vuodesta 1603 alkaen, vanhempia nimivariantteja ovat Taguapaca ja Tuapaca; Bertonio kirjoittaa vuonna 1612, ett\u00e4 Tunupan sanominen tarkoittaa Jumalan sanomista. Suosittu nimitulkinta on ukkonen tai salama, Ramos Gavil\u00e1n selitt\u00e4\u00e4 nimen tarkoittavan suurta viisasta ja herraa.<\/p><p>Myytti kertoo vanhasta, parrakkaasta, valkoisesta vaeltajasta sauvoineen, joka kulkee pohjoisesta etel\u00e4\u00e4n, tekee ihmeit\u00e4, saarnaa ja her\u00e4tt\u00e4\u00e4 vihaa. H\u00e4net sidotaan lautalle ja heitet\u00e4\u00e4n j\u00e4rveen; t\u00e4ll\u00f6in R\u00edo Desaguadero-joki avautuu. Kroonikoitsija Ramos Gavil\u00e1n tulkitsi vaeltajan apostoliksi jo vuonna 1621, mik\u00e4 on varhainen esimerkki kristillisest\u00e4 uudelleentulkinnasta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Matkailulegenda ja tulkinta<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tulivuori Tunupa ja maitolegenda ovat Uyunin matkailun ansiosta voimakkaasti esill\u00e4, mik\u00e4 uhkaa syrj\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 monimutkaisen vanhan andilaishahmon; tieteellisesti Tunupaa on selvitetty ennen kaikkea andinistiikan avulla.<\/p><p>Uskontotieteellisesti Tunupa osoittautuu vanhaksi, monikerroksiseksi Andien jumaluudeksi, jonka p\u00e4\u00e4lle on kerrostunut matkailulegenda. Viisi selvennyst\u00e4: vuori, noin 5321 metri\u00e4, ja jumaluus on pidett\u00e4v\u00e4 erill\u00e4\u00e4n. Korkeus ei ole 6542 metri\u00e4, se on Sajaman korkeus. Maito- ja kyynellegenda ei ole siirtomaa-ajalta todistettu vanha myytti, vaan p\u00e4\u00e4asiassa moderni matkailukertomus. Siirtomaa-ajan l\u00e4hteiss\u00e4 todistettu Tunupa-hahmo on mies. Ja Tunupan rinnastaminen Viracochaan on hypoteesi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9a031aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9a031aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9193514 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9193514\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kultista despachoon tulivuorella<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02ca0ee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02ca0ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp444e0f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp444e0f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Itsen\u00e4inen Tunupa-kultti on k\u00e4yt\u00e4nn\u00f6ss\u00e4 sammunut tai kristillisen vaikutuksen peitt\u00e4m\u00e4; kroonikoitsija Ramos Gavil\u00e1n tulkitsi Tunupan apostoliksi vuonna 1621. Tulivuorella tuodaan nyky\u00e4\u00e4n despacho-uhreja kuten muillakin vuorilla. Imett\u00e4v\u00e4 maito- ja kyynellegenda on paikallinen kertomusperinne, jolla on todellinen ydin, mutta matkailuversiossa se on voimakkaasti yksinkertaistettu ja siirtomaa-ajan l\u00e4hteiss\u00e4 sit\u00e4 ei ole todistettu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp11de5b2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp11de5b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8d35271 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp8d35271\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ekeko, Viracocha ja Auringonportti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02f26b8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02f26b8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp58c4390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp58c4390\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tunupa yhdistet\u00e4\u00e4n runsauden jumalaan Ekekoon, joka el\u00e4\u00e4 nyky\u00e4\u00e4n Alasita-juhlassa. Yleisen hypoteesin mukaan Tunupa on vanhempi aymarajumaluus, jonka p\u00e4\u00e4lle on kerrostunut inkojen <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/viracocha-andien-luojajumala\/\">Viracocha<\/a>; jotkut tulkitsevat Tiwanakun Auringonportin sauvajumalahahmon Tunupaksi, mik\u00e4 on kuitenkin kiistanalaista. Vuorena Volc\u00e1n Tunupa sijoittuu <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/?page_id=144610\">Achachila<\/a>-hahmojen joukkoon, muiden huippujen kuten <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/?page_id=144614\">Sajaman<\/a> rinnalle.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp406577c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp406577c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdd9c543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpdd9c543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Usein kysytyt kysymykset Tunupasta<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9e731bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp9e731bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa7c898c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa7c898c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Kuka tai mik\u00e4 on Tunupa?<\/strong><\/p><p>Vanha aymaroiden vaeltaja-, tuli- ja tulivuorijumaluus sek\u00e4 samalla Salar de Uyunin tulivuoren nimi.<\/p><p><strong>Kuinka korkea tulivuori on?<\/strong><\/p><p>Noin 5321 metri\u00e4; usein mainittu 6542 metri\u00e4 kuuluu Sajamalle.<\/p><p><strong>Pit\u00e4\u00e4k\u00f6 suolaj\u00e4rven maitolegenda paikkansa?<\/strong><\/p><p>Sill\u00e4 on paikallinen ydin, mutta matkailuversiossa se on voimakkaasti yksinkertaistettu ja siirtomaa-ajan l\u00e4hteiss\u00e4 sit\u00e4 ei ole todistettu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aiheeseen liittyv\u00e4t linkit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Suositellut sis\u00e4iset linkit:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/?page_id=144610\">Achachila<\/a> \u2013 aymaroiden esi-is\u00e4vuorihenkien tyyppi<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/viracocha-andien-luojajumala\/\">Viracocha<\/a> \u2013 inkojen jumaluus kerrostumishypoteesissa<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/?page_id=144614\">Sajama<\/a> \u2013 usein sekoitettu Bolivian korkein vuori<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/suitsutus-ja-puhdistus\/\">Suitsutus<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/amuletti\/\">amuletti<\/a> \u2013 perinteiset suojakeinot<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/suoja-kompassi\/\">Suojakompassi<\/a> \u2013 suojakeinot yleiskatsauksena<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kirjallisuus (valikoima)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Valikoima keskeisi\u00e4 l\u00e4hteit\u00e4 ja tutkimuksia:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Medinacelli, Ximena: <em>Bertonio y el mito de Tunupa<\/em>. In: Revista Ciencia y Cultura 28. La Paz 2012.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Ponce Sangin\u00e9s, Carlos: <em>Tunupa y Ekako<\/em>. La Paz 1969.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Gisbert, Teresa: <em>Iconograf\u00eda y mitos ind\u00edgenas en el arte<\/em>. La Paz 1980.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Lis\u00e4\u00e4 keskeisi\u00e4 teoksia <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/kirjallisuus\/\">l\u00e4hdeluettelossa<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Andien vaeltavana jumalana ja Salar de Uyuninin tulivuorena Tunupalla on kaksinainen jatkoel\u00e4m\u00e4: toisaalta vanha, moniulotteinen jumaluus kronikoissa, toisaalta vuori, jonka maito-legenda kerrotaan nyky\u00e4\u00e4n jokaiselle Uyunin-matkailijalle.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":20035,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"tunupa","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Tunupa \u2013 vanha Andien jumaluus suolaj\u00e4rvell\u00e4","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Tunupa, vanha aymaroiden vaeltaja- ja tulijumaluus sek\u00e4 Salar de Uyunin tulivuori. Alkuper\u00e4, maitolegenda ja tieteellinen tulkinta.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"aymara","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-144615","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tunupa \u2013 vanha Andien jumaluus suolaj\u00e4rvell\u00e4<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tunupa, vanha aymaroiden vaeltaja- ja tulijumaluus sek\u00e4 Salar de Uyunin tulivuori. Alkuper\u00e4, maitolegenda ja tieteellinen tulkinta.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fi_FI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tunupa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tunupa, vanha aymaroiden vaeltaja- ja tulijumaluus sek\u00e4 Salar de Uyunin tulivuori. Alkuper\u00e4, maitolegenda ja tieteellinen tulkinta.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-03T13:03:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/\",\"name\":\"Tunupa \u2013 vanha Andien jumaluus suolaj\u00e4rvell\u00e4\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-03T12:37:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-03T13:03:31+00:00\",\"description\":\"Tunupa, vanha aymaroiden vaeltaja- ja tulijumaluus sek\u00e4 Salar de Uyunin tulivuori. Alkuper\u00e4, maitolegenda ja tieteellinen tulkinta.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fi\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Tunupa, vanha Andien jumaluus suolaj\u00e4rven \u00e4\u00e4rell\u00e4\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/?page_id=143815\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Tunupa\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fi\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Tunupa\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-03T12:37:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-03T13:03:31+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/fi\\\/tunupa\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"fi\",\"description\":\"Tunupa, vanha aymaroiden vaeltaja- ja tulijumaluus sek\u00e4 Salar de Uyunin tulivuori. Alkuper\u00e4, maitolegenda ja tieteellinen tulkinta.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Tunupa \u2013 vanha Andien jumaluus suolaj\u00e4rvell\u00e4","description":"Tunupa, vanha aymaroiden vaeltaja- ja tulijumaluus sek\u00e4 Salar de Uyunin tulivuori. Alkuper\u00e4, maitolegenda ja tieteellinen tulkinta.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/","og_locale":"fi_FI","og_type":"article","og_title":"Tunupa","og_description":"Tunupa, vanha aymaroiden vaeltaja- ja tulijumaluus sek\u00e4 Salar de Uyunin tulivuori. Alkuper\u00e4, maitolegenda ja tieteellinen tulkinta.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-03T13:03:31+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Tunupa","datePublished":"2026-09-03T12:37:19+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-03T13:03:31+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp","inLanguage":"fi","description":"Tunupa, vanha aymaroiden vaeltaja- ja tulijumaluus sek\u00e4 Salar de Uyunin tulivuori. Alkuper\u00e4, maitolegenda ja tieteellinen tulkinta."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/","name":"Tunupa \u2013 vanha Andien jumaluus suolaj\u00e4rvell\u00e4","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-03T12:37:19+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-03T13:03:31+00:00","description":"Tunupa, vanha aymaroiden vaeltaja- ja tulijumaluus sek\u00e4 Salar de Uyunin tulivuori. Alkuper\u00e4, maitolegenda ja tieteellinen tulkinta.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fi","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Tunupa, vanha Andien jumaluus suolaj\u00e4rven \u00e4\u00e4rell\u00e4"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/?page_id=143815"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Tunupa"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fi"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fi","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fi","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Tunupa","datePublished":"2026-09-03T12:37:19+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-03T13:03:31+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/tunupa\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/goetter_aymara_tunupa.webp","inLanguage":"fi","description":"Tunupa, vanha aymaroiden vaeltaja- ja tulijumaluus sek\u00e4 Salar de Uyunin tulivuori. Alkuper\u00e4, maitolegenda ja tieteellinen tulkinta."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/144615","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=144615"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/144615\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20035"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=144615"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=144615"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}