{"id":200336,"date":"2026-09-07T14:09:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T14:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=200336"},"modified":"2026-09-07T14:13:09","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T14:13:09","slug":"mahr","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/","title":{"rendered":"Mahr"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"200336\" class=\"elementor elementor-200336 elementor-1032\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mahr, tradizio germaniarraren izpiritua<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mahr tradizio germaniarraren <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Munduan eragina izatea egozten zaion gorputz gabeko izakia.\" tabindex=\"0\">izpiritua<\/span> da.<\/p><p><strong>Gaueko emakumezko itogilea, hizkuntzaz kontserbatutako jatorrizko irudia.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Izpiritua: Gorpuzgabeko edo erdi-gorpuzdun izakia, hilak, natura-izakiak, etxe-izpirituak edo atalaseen zaindariak. Eguneroko bizitzan eragiten du, askotan leku edo familiei loturik.\">Izpiritua<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/germaniar\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Ipar eta Europa erdialdeko kristautasunaren aurreko jainko eta izpirituen mundua.\">Germaniarra<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Orrialde honetan ez da izenbururik aurkitu.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tAurkibidea\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-202726\" alt=\"Mahr - Germaniar tradizioko izakiak, ilustrazio historikoa\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mahr<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mahr (edo Mahr emakumezkoa, tradizioz emakumezkoa) germaniar herri sinesmenaren Alp-arekin estuki lotutako izaki bat da.<\/p><p>Biak dira gaueko presio-espirituak, biek eragiten dituzte amesgaiztoak eta <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/lo-paralisia\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Pertzepzio-egoera, non kontzientzia esnatzen den baina gorputza REM atoniagatik oraindik paralizatuta dagoen; askotan haluzinazioekin lotuta.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">lo-paralisia<\/a>. Aldea hizkuntza-historikoa da: Mahr geruza zaharrago, jatorrizko germaniar batetik dator (germ. <em>*maran-<\/em>), ingeles zaharreko <em>m\u00e6re<\/em>-n, eskandinaviar zaharreko <em>mara<\/em>-n, alemaniar goi zaharreko <em>mara<\/em>-n gordeta. Ingelesezko <em>nightmare<\/em> eta frantsesezko <em>cauchemar<\/em> hitzek hitza gaur egun arte daramate.<\/p><div><p><strong>Emakumezko irudia eskandinaviar eta alemaniar <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belaunaldiz belaunaldi transmititutako jakintza eta kondairen multzoa.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradizioan<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p>Mahr eskandinaviar eta alemaniar <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belaunaldiz belaunaldi transmititutako jakintza eta kondairen multzoa.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradizioan<\/span> gaueko emakumezko irudi gisa agertzen da askotan. Snorri Sturlusonen <em>Prosa-Edda<\/em>-n (1220 inguruan idatzia) izaera magiko-demoniozko emakumezko figurak deskribatzen dira, jainkosaren eta demoniaren artean kokatzen dena.<\/p><p>Edda-k Mahr izenez esplizituki aipatzen ez badu ere, deskribatzen diren gaueko erasoak emakumezko izakiek eginda geroago dokumentatutako Mahr-ren berrien parekoak dira. Suediar eta alemaniar Aro Modernoko herri tradizioak figura hori zehaztu zuen gero.<\/p><p>Jacobus Sprengerrek eta Sorginen Mailuko beste demonologo batzuek gaueko emakumezko d\u00e6monak deskribatu zituzten, gizonak erasotzen eta haiekin harremanetan sartzen zirenak. Izaki horiek kasu batzuetan M\u00e4hre edo Mahr gisa identifikatu ziren, eta horrek tradizio paganoa eta demonologia kristaua arteko jarraipena iradokitzen du.<\/p><p>Beraz, Mahr ez zen batez ere kanpoko tradizioetatik hartutako zerbait, baizik eta bere historia sakoneko tokiko produktu bat.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ikuspegi orokorra: Mahr<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Mota:<\/strong> Gaueko emakumezko itogile-izpiritua<br>Jatorria: geruza germaniar zaharra (<em>*maran-<\/em>)<br>Testuak: eskandinaviar zaharra, ingeles zaharra, alemaniar erdiko goikoa; Grimm, ikerketa herrikoiak<br>Aroa: goi Erdi Arotik gaur egunera (hizkuntzan gaur arte)<br>Babesa: Alp-en kasuan bezala, Drudenfu\u00df, oinetakoak, altzairua, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gizakiak jainkotasun bati zuzentzen dion hizketaldia.\" tabindex=\"0\">otoitza<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kokapena<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Testuen garaia<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hizkuntzaz jatorrizko germaniar aztarnak ditu (erro komuna eskandinaviar zaharrean, ingeles zaharrean, alemaniar zahar goikoan). Erdi Aroko lekukotasunak literaturan eta zuzenbide-iturrietan. XIX. mendean oparo dokumentatua (Grimm). Gaur egun arte bizirik dago \u00abnightmare\u00bb \/ \u00abcauchemar\u00bb \/ \u00abAlbtraum\u00bb hitzetan (azken hori bi irudien sinonimo gisa).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hedapen-eremua<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Germaniar eremu osoa, izen erregionalekin: Mahr (alemanieraz), mare (ingelesez, <em>nightmare<\/em> hitzean), mara (eskandinaviar\/suediar), Mart\/M\u00e5rt, Mahrt, nederlanderaz <em>nachtmerrie<\/em>. Frantsesezko <em>cauchemar<\/em> bidez hizkuntza erromantzeetara zabaldu zen.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Iturri-egoera<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ingeles zaharreko testu medikoak, eskandinaviar zaharreko sagak (Ynglinga saga-n Vanlandi erregea Mara batek hiltzen du), alemaniar erdiko goikoko zuzenbide-iturriak, Grimm anaien <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kultura baten jainko-kontakizun jasoen multzoa.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span>, XIX.\/XX. mendeko ikerketa herrikoiaren artxiboak.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Izena<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Eskandinaviar zaharra:<\/strong> <em>mara<\/em>, plurala <em>marur<\/em>.<br>Ingeles zaharra: <em>m\u00e6re<\/em>.<br>Alemaniar zahar goikoa: <em>mara<\/em>.<br>Forma modernoak: Nachtmahr, Nachtmar, Mart, M\u00e5rt, Mahrt, ingelesez <em>nightmare<\/em>, frantsesez <em>cauchemar<\/em>.<br>Ahaidea: Alp (maskulinoa, askotan sinonimo gisa).<\/p><p>Ynglinga saga-k kontatzen du nola Hulda suediar erregina-sorgin batek Mara bat bidaltzen dion Vanlandi erregeari, oheratuta lo dagoela zapalduta hiltzen dena. Hori da literatura-lekukotasun zaharrenetako bat, eta irudiaren indar hilgarria erakusten du.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Izaera-ezaugarriak<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Itxura<\/strong><\/p><p>Emakumezko irudia, txikia, ile luze eta korapilatua duena. Animalia forma hartu dezake: katua, txakurra, armiarma. Giltzarrapo zuloetatik, tximiniatik, ate-arrakaletatik sartzen da. Eskualde batzuetan emakume gazte eder gisa deskribatzen da, beste batzuetan emakume zahar zimeldu gisa.<\/p><p><strong>Jokabidea<\/strong><\/p><p>Lotan dagoenaren bularrean eserita, presionatzen du, arnasa lapurtzen du, amesgaizto egoerak eragiten ditu. Zaldiak &#8220;gidatu&#8221; ditzake, eta goizean krin nahasiak agertzen dira (&#8220;Mahr trentzak&#8221;) eta animalia nekatuak. Kasurik larrienetan heriotza dakar (Ynglinga saga).<\/p><p><strong>Eragin eremua<\/strong><\/p><p>Logela, zaldi ukuiluak. Gau jakin batzuk (mugarri egunak, ostegun gauak) bereziki arriskutsutzat jotzen dira. Herri sinesmenean, zirkulazio ahuleko pertsonak, jan astun ondoren, bizkarrez etzanda daudenak arrisku handiagoan daude.<\/p><p><strong>Sailkapen mitologikoa<\/strong><\/p><p>Jatorrizko germaniarra. Agian arima nomada baten irudiarekin lotuta (<em>mara<\/em>, gauez zehar dabilen emakumezko arima banandu gisa). Tradizio eslaviarrean oso antzeko figurak daude (Mora, Mura).<\/p><p><strong>Itxura eta sinbolismoa<\/strong><\/p><p>Mahr-ak itzal ilun gisa deskribatzen dira, lotan daudenen gainean esertzen direnak. Batzuetan izaki elfoak bezala agertzen dira. Alp-ek animalia forma har dezakete: zaldia, hegazti edo katua. Itotasuna eta arnasa paralisia dira haien ezaugarriak. Burdinak babesa ematen duela uste da.<\/p><div><p><strong>Sorginkeria eta Aro Modernoko herri tradizioa<\/strong><\/p><p>XVI. eta XVIII. mendeetako alemanieran, Mahr sorginkeriarekin estuki lotuta zegoen. Salatutako sorginak, besteak beste, gauez Mahr gisa lo dauden pertsonen gainera joan izana leporatzen zitzaien, amesgaiztoak eragin eta gizonak liluratu izana.<\/p><p>Izaera demoniozko izaki baten eta forma horretan magikoki eraldatzen den sorgin baten arteko muga askotan lausotu egiten zen. Herriko kondairek <em>Mahr fahren<\/em> egin zezaketen emakumeez hitz egiten zuten, hau da, beren arima forma horretan bidaltzen zuten gorputz fisikoa lotan zegoen bitartean.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Sinesmen hori ez zen eskualde bakar batera mugatzen, baizik eta alemanieraz hitz egiten den eremu osoan eta Eskandinavian zabalduta zegoen. Jakob Grimmek <em>Deutsche <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kultura baten jainko-kondairen multzoa.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mythologie<\/span><\/em> lanean (1835) hainbat eskualdetako ehunka Mahr-ren berri dokumentatu zituen, eta erakutsi zuen Mahr tradizioa garaiko arreta akademikoak uste baino luzeagoa eta zabalduagoa zela.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fitxa: Mahr<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mahr-en alderdi nagusiak begi-kolpe batean.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kultura-testuingurua<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Germaniar jatorrizko geruza; baliteke arima ibiltari emakumezko itxura izatea. Hizkuntzan gaur egun ere gorde da, &#8220;nightmare&#8221; eta &#8220;cauchemar&#8221; hitzetan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hartzaileak<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lo dauden pertsonak (bizkarrez etzanda, bazkari astun ondoren), ukuiluko zaldiak. Mugako gau jakin batzuk bereziki arriskutsuak.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mahr-en itxura<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Emakumezkoa, txikia, ile luze eta korapilatsua. Animalia-itxura hartzeko gaitasuna du (katua, armiarma). Eskualdeka emakume eder edo zahar gisa deskribatzen da.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funtzioa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Estutzen du, arnasa kentzen du, amesgaiztoak eragiten ditu. Zaldiak &#8220;zaldiztatzen&#8221; ditu. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belaunaldiz belaunaldi jakintza eta kontakizunak transmititzea.\" tabindex=\"0\">Tradizio<\/span> literarioan hilgarria izan daiteke (Ynglinga saga).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Babesa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Alp-en aurkakoa bezala: Drudenfu\u00df, oinetakoak ohearen aurrean alderantziz, labana buruko azpian. Gainera: kantutegi edo salterio bat buruko azpian, gurutzea egitea etzatean.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Antzekoak<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Alp (senide hurbila), eslaviar Mora\/Mura, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/lilu-eta-lilitu\/\">Lil\u016b eta Lil\u012btu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/lilith\/\">Lilith<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/empusa\/\">Empusa<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/striga\/\">Striga<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Babesa eta interpretazioa<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Babes-praktika<\/strong><\/p><p>Alp-en babesaren berdina: Drudenfu\u00df, oinetakoak alderantziz, labana buruko azpian, salterioa edo Biblia buruaren azpian. Eskualdeka: erratz bat, txirikordak gora begira, txokoan; lastozko panpina bat ukuiluan.<\/p><p><strong>Zaldien babesa<\/strong><\/p><p>Ukuiluan, Mahr-ek &#8220;zaldiztatzea&#8221; ekiditeko: Alpspiegel (ispilu zati bat zaldiaren lepoan), amuleto bedeinkatuak, ukuiluko linterna piztuta. Goizean zaldien adats nahasiak Mahr-en bisita baten seinale garbitzat jotzen ziren.<\/p><p><strong>Interpretazio modernoa<\/strong><\/p><p>Alp-en kasuan bezala, gaur egun Mahr <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/lo-paralisia\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Esna-egoera muskuluen REM atonia egoerarekin batera; mundu osoan izpiritu-esperientzia gisa interpretatua (Mahr, Old Hag, Kanashibari), neurologikoki azalgarria.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">Loaren Paralisia<\/a> fenomeno gisa ulertzen da. Ikerketa etnologikoak (David Hufford eta beste) erakutsi du esperientziaren fenomenologia kulturaz kultura egonkorra dela: irudi mitologikoak aldatu egiten dira, esperientzia bera mantendu egiten da.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralelismoak eta harrera<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p><strong>Pan-germaniar eta esalabiar paralelismoak<\/strong><\/p><p>Alp esparru germaniar hizkuntzetan, <em>mare<\/em> ingelesez, <em>mara<\/em> eskandinaviarrez, <em>mora<\/em>\/<em>mura<\/em> esparru esalabiarrean. Guztiek geruza indoeuropar komun bat, edo are zaharragoa, adierazten dute.<\/p><p><strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kultura greziar eta erromatarraren garaia, K.a. 800 inguru arte K.o. 600 arte.\" tabindex=\"0\">Antzinaroko<\/span> paralelismoak<\/strong><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/lilu-eta-lilitu\/\">Lil\u016b eta Lil\u012btu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/lilith\/\">Lilith<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/empusa\/\">Empusa<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/striga\/\">Striga<\/a>k Mahrarekin egitura eta funtzioa partekatzen dituzte. Lo dagoena hertsatzen duen gau-irudi emakumezkoa mundu osoan zabaldutako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Artean edo narrazioan errepikatzen den eduki-elementu bat.\" tabindex=\"0\">motibo<\/span> bat da.<\/p><p><strong>Harrera<\/strong><\/p><p>F\u00fcssliren <em>Nachtmahr<\/em> (1781) da irudikapen artistikoetan ezagunena. Heineren lirikak eta Goetheren Erlk\u00f6nig-ek <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Artean edo narrazioan errepikatzen den eduki-elementu bat.\" tabindex=\"0\">motibo<\/span> hori jasotzen dute. Beldurrezko literatura eta film modernoek irudi hau maiz berreskuratzen dute.<\/p><p><strong>Iraupena eta harrera:<\/strong> Mahrren tradizioa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Espirituen munduarekin harremanetan jartzen diren aditu-espezialistadun sistema erlijiosoa.\" tabindex=\"0\">xamanismo<\/span> modernoan bizirik dirau. Amesgaizto-fenomenoak batzuetan berari egozten zaizkio. Mendebaldeko psikologian, Alb kultura arteko fenomenotzat hartzen da. Fantasian, Mahrak sarritan elfo antzeko trikimailu-egileak dira. Alp kultura bizirik dago oraindik Bavarian.<\/p><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer><div><p><strong>Mahrren izaera fisikoa eta demoniakoa<\/strong><\/p><p>Errepikatzen den <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Artean edo narrazioan errepikatzen den eduki-elementu bat.\" tabindex=\"0\">motibo<\/span> bat kontakizunetan Mahrren presentzia fisiko anbibalentea da. Zenbait narraziok izaki hunkigarri baten berri ematen dute, azazkal luzeko eta aurpegi zurbileko emakume argal baten itxuran, itotze-mugimenduak eginez.<\/p><p>Beste kontakizun batzuek presentzia espiritual edo iheskorra iradokitzen dute gehiago, barneratutako beldur-forma baten antzeko zerbait, objektu fisiko bihurtzeari ihes egiten diona. Anbibalentzia horrek Mahr ez du erabat espirituala ez erabat fisikoa bihurtzen, bien mugan dagoen zerbait baizik.<\/p><p>Mahr izaki demoniakotzat, giza beldurraren islapentzat edo lo-nahasmendu mediko baten ondoriotzat hartu behar den galderari erantzun ezberdinak eman zaizkio folkloristikan. Gaur egungo <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Erlijioak konparatiboki eta sinesmenetatik at aztertzen dituen zientzia.\" tabindex=\"0\">erlijio-zientziak<\/span> anbibalentzia hori aitortzen du, ebazteke, eta Mahr gizarte- eta psikologia-funtzio errealak dituen kultura-produktu gisa hartzen du.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf76f55e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpf76f55e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp607ca10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp607ca10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mahr eta amesgaiztorako europar hitza<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpee16b4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpee16b4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp91fe14d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp91fe14d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Mahr<\/em> germaniar <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belaunaldiz belaunaldi transmititutako jakintza eta kondairen multzoa.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradizioaren<\/span> izaki espiritual eragin handieneko izenetako bat da hizkuntzaren aldetik. Bere izena ingelesezko <em>nightmare<\/em>-n, frantsesezko <em>cauchemar<\/em>-en eta Europako beste hainbat hitzetan gordetzen da amesgaiztoa adierazteko. Aztarna horiek erakusten dute lotan dagoena gauez estutzen duen emakumezko presio-espirituaren irudia Mendebaldeko Europan oso zabalduta zegoela eta erro sakonak zituela.<\/p><p>Hitz familia ondo dokumentatuta dago hizkuntza germaniarretan zehar: alemaniar goi zaharrean, ingeles zaharrean <em>m\u00e6re<\/em> gisa, eskandinaviar zaharrean <em>mara<\/em> gisa. Literatura eskandinaviar zaharrak kondaira bikain bat ezagutzen du Snorri Sturlusonen <em>Ynglinga saga<\/em>-n: Vanlandi errege bat <em>mara<\/em> batek heriotzaraino estutzen du, lehenik hankak eta gero burua zapalduz.<\/p><p>Pasarte hau irudi honen lekukotasun literario zabalenetako eta zaharrenetako bat da, eta erakusten du Erdi Aroan jada Mahr mehatxu hilgarritzat har zitekeela.<\/p><p>Ikerketa hizkuntzalaritzak errotik interpretazio ezberdinak proposatu ditu, besteak beste &#8220;birrindu&#8221; edo &#8220;zapaldu&#8221; esanahia duen aditz batekin lotura bat, eta hori ondo egokitzen litzateke presio-espirituaren funtzioarekin. Ez dago erabat ziurtatutako etimologiarik. Hitzaren hedadura geografiko eta denborazko zabala, ordea, ziurtatuta dago.<\/p><p>Mahr, beraz, adibide bat da nola izaki espiritual batek hizkuntzaren bidez eragina zabaltzen duen, jatorrizko sinesmen-oinarria luze gaindituz. Gaur egun amesgaizto batez hitz egiten duenak, jakin gabe, antzinako presio-espiritu baten izena erabiltzen du.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp599ff74 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp599ff74\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpcaa6cd3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpcaa6cd3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mahr, izaki espirituala eta bidalitako arima artean<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5ca891c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp5ca891c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp888ab8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp888ab8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mahrren buruzko tradizio herrikoi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belaunaldiz belaunaldi jakintza eta narrazioak transmititzea.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradizioa<\/span> ez da bateratua, bi azalpen-eredu desberdin uztartzen ditu. Batzuen arabera, Mahr kanpotik datorren izaki espiritual bat da, lo dagoena hertsatzen duena.<\/p><p>Besteen arabera, Mahr bizirik dagoen pertsona baten bidalitako arima edo bidalitako nahia da. Bigarren interpretazio honetan, pertsona batek, askotan jakin gabe, lo dagoen bitartean beste bat torturatzen du, bere zati batek gorputza uzten duenean eta Mahr gisa ibiltzen denean.<\/p><p>Bigarren ideia horretatik narrazio-eredu zehatzak sortu ziren. Narrazio-mota zabaldu batek dio Mahr gela zulo txiki batetik sartzen dela, adibidez adar zulo batetik. Zuloa itxiz, ezin da irten eta harrapatuta geratzen da.<\/p><p>Goizean, leku horretan pertsona bat aurkitzen da, askotan emakume bat, Mahr gisa agerrarazia. Bertsio batzuetan, gizonak emakume horrekin ezkontzen da, baina behin lehen itxita zegoen zuloa berriro irekitzen denean, bide beretik desagertzen da.<\/p><p>Narrazio hauek Mahr sorginkeriarekin eta arima libre mugigarriaren ideiarekin lotzen dute estu. Erlijio-zientziaren eta folkloristikaren ikerketak hainbat geruzen bat-egite bat ikusten du hor: hertsatze-espiritu gaueko zahar baten ideia bat, bidalitako arimaren ideia bat eta aro modernoaren hasierako sorginkeriaren ideia bat.<\/p><p>Mahr, beraz, ez da biografia argia duen izaki argi mugatu bat, hainbat sinesmen-ideia gurutzatzen diren korapilo bat baizik. Konplexutasun horrek, hain zuzen, sinesmen espiritual herrikoia ikertzeko oso baliagarria bihurtzen du.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpaac957d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpaac957d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp91fb037 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp91fb037\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zaldiztatutako biktimak: Mahr, animalia eta gizakia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp75a2800 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp75a2800\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa41a19d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa41a19d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mahr-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belaunaldiz belaunaldi transmititutako jakintza eta kontakizunak.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradizioaren<\/span> haria berezi bat ez dagokio gizakiari, aziendari baizik. Alemanaren hizkuntza-eremuko zati zabaletan eta Eskandinavian, Mahr zaldien izurritzat ere hartzen zen.<\/p><p>Goizean nekaturik, izerditan eta adats nahasturik agertzen zen zaldia Mahrek gaupasa egindakotzat jotzen zen. Adatsean sortutako korapilo eta nahasketei <em>Mahrlocken<\/em> (Mahr-txirikordak) edo antzeko izenak ematen zitzaien, eta gaueko bisitaren froga ikusgarritzat interpretatzen ziren.<\/p><p>Ustekizun horrek benetako behaketa nekazari bat azaltzen du: zaldiak, egiaz, gauean izerditan eta adatsa nahasturik ager daitezke, gaixotasun, urduritasun edo parasitoen ondorioz.<\/p><p>Mahr-sinesmenaren testuinguruan, behaketa hori izpirituaren bisitaren berrespen bihurtu zen. Horren ondorioz, ukuiluetan babes-neurriak hartzen ziren: gauza jakin batzuk zintzilikatzen ziren, egurrean seinaleak marrazten ziren, edo babes-landareen bidez Mahr urrutiratzen saiatzen ziren.<\/p><p>Zenbait eskualdetan, adats nahastuari zegokion terminoa gizakiari ere aplikatu izan zaio, oso nahasturik eta askagaitza zen ilearekin. Folklore-ikerketak ongi dokumentatu du Mahr-ustekizunaren zabalpen hori, logelatik ukuilura eta lo-paralisiaren esperientziatik animalian egindako behaketara.<\/p><p>Argi erakusten du behin ezarritako azalpen-eredu batek nolako gaitasuna duen etengabe fenomeno berrietara zabaltzeko. Mahrek jatorriz azaltzen zuena gizakiaren gaueko itotze-beldurra zen. Gainera azaltzen zuena beste hainbat behaketa deigarri eta azalpen gabekoren multzoa zen, interpretazio-eredu berean sartzen zirenak.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lotura osagarriak<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gomendatutako barne-loturak:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/germaniar\/\">Germaniarra<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/alp\/\">Alp<\/a> (ahaidetasunik hurbilena), <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/draugr\/\">Draugr<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/nix\/\">Nix<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/troll\/\">Troll<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/lilu-eta-lilitu\/\">Lil\u016b eta Lil\u012btu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/lilith\/\">Lilith<\/a><\/li><li><a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/lo-paralisia\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Esna egotea giharren REM atonia dagoela; munduan zehar izpiritu-esperientzia gisa interpretatua (Mahr, Old Hag, Kanashibari) \u2013 neurologikoki azalgarria.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">Lo-paralisiaren<\/a> ikerketa<\/li><li>F\u00fcssli, \u201eDer Nachtmahr\u201c<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliografia (aukeraketa)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Mahrri buruzko lan nagusien aukeraketa:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Hufford, David J.: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pennpress.org\/9780812213058\/the-terror-that-comes-in-the-night\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Terror That Comes in the Night<\/a><\/em>. Philadelphia 1982.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Roscher, Wilhelm Heinrich: <em>Ephialtes<\/em>. Leipzig 1900.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Grimm, Jacob: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deutsche_Mythologie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Deutsche Mythologie<\/a><\/em>. Berlin 1875, 78.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Kvideland, Reimund \/ Sehmsdorf, Henning: <em>Scandinavian Folk Belief and Legend<\/em>. Minneapolis 1988.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Beste oinarrizko lan gehiago <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/literatura\/\">bibliografian<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-mahr-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-mahr-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-mahr\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-mahr-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-mahr-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">Hemen deskribatutako babes-praktika tradizio historikoen erlijio-zientzien araberako sailkapena da. iWell Guard tradizio kultural-historiko honi lotzen zaio, gorputzean eramaten diren babes-objektuen ildoari, eta horren gaur egungo forma bat aurkezten du. <a href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">iWell Guard-i buruz gehiago \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1681,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Mahr","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Mahr - Gaueko emakumezko itogilea","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Mahr, tradizio germaniarraren gaueko emakumezko itogilea. Hizkuntzaz kontserbatutako jatorrizko irudia, ito-amesekin eta gau-amesgaiztoekin lotua.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"germanisch","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-200336","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mahr - Gaueko emakumezko itogilea<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mahr, tradizio germaniarraren gaueko emakumezko itogilea. Hizkuntzaz kontserbatutako jatorrizko irudia, ito-amesekin eta gau-amesgaiztoekin lotua.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mahr\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mahr, tradizio germaniarraren gaueko emakumezko itogilea. Hizkuntzaz kontserbatutako jatorrizko irudia, ito-amesekin eta gau-amesgaiztoekin lotua.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-07T14:13:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/\",\"name\":\"Mahr - Gaueko emakumezko itogilea\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-07T14:09:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-07T14:13:09+00:00\",\"description\":\"Mahr, tradizio germaniarraren gaueko emakumezko itogilea. Hizkuntzaz kontserbatutako jatorrizko irudia, ito-amesekin eta gau-amesgaiztoekin lotua.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"eu\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"eu\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Germaniar tradizioko izpirituak.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/?page_id=200284\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Mahr\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"eu\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"eu\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Mahr\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-07T14:09:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-07T14:13:09+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/eu\\\/mahr\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"eu\",\"description\":\"Mahr, tradizio germaniarraren gaueko emakumezko itogilea. Hizkuntzaz kontserbatutako jatorrizko irudia, ito-amesekin eta gau-amesgaiztoekin lotua.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Mahr - Gaueko emakumezko itogilea","description":"Mahr, tradizio germaniarraren gaueko emakumezko itogilea. Hizkuntzaz kontserbatutako jatorrizko irudia, ito-amesekin eta gau-amesgaiztoekin lotua.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Mahr","og_description":"Mahr, tradizio germaniarraren gaueko emakumezko itogilea. Hizkuntzaz kontserbatutako jatorrizko irudia, ito-amesekin eta gau-amesgaiztoekin lotua.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-07T14:13:09+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Mahr","datePublished":"2026-09-07T14:09:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T14:13:09+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp","inLanguage":"eu","description":"Mahr, tradizio germaniarraren gaueko emakumezko itogilea. Hizkuntzaz kontserbatutako jatorrizko irudia, ito-amesekin eta gau-amesgaiztoekin lotua."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/","name":"Mahr - Gaueko emakumezko itogilea","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-07T14:09:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T14:13:09+00:00","description":"Mahr, tradizio germaniarraren gaueko emakumezko itogilea. Hizkuntzaz kontserbatutako jatorrizko irudia, ito-amesekin eta gau-amesgaiztoekin lotua.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"eu","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"eu","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Germaniar tradizioko izpirituak."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/?page_id=200284"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Mahr"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"eu"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"eu","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"eu","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Mahr","datePublished":"2026-09-07T14:09:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T14:13:09+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/mahr\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_mahr.webp","inLanguage":"eu","description":"Mahr, tradizio germaniarraren gaueko emakumezko itogilea. Hizkuntzaz kontserbatutako jatorrizko irudia, ito-amesekin eta gau-amesgaiztoekin lotua."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/200336","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=200336"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/200336\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1681"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=200336"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=200336"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}