{"id":6535,"date":"2026-05-13T20:29:14","date_gmt":"2026-05-13T20:29:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/uelgen-god-of-light-of-the-altai-peoples\/"},"modified":"2026-06-04T09:31:02","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T09:31:02","slug":"uelgen-god-of-light-of-the-altai-peoples","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/uelgen-god-of-light-of-the-altai-peoples\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dclgen: God of Light of the Altai Peoples"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"6535\" class=\"elementor elementor-6535 elementor-2637 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00dclgen, Altaic God of Light and Creator of the Upper World<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00dclgen (Old Turkic <em>\u00dclg\u00e4n<\/em>) is, in the South Siberian-Tengrist faith, the creator and god of light of the upper world, guardian of the white shamans, and mythological counterpart of the underworld ruler <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/erlik-khan-ruler-of-the-altaic-underworld\/\">Erlik Khan<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Creator of the tradition Siberia \/ Tengrism.\">Creator<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/siberian-shamanism-and-tengrism-steppe-and-taiga\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mythology of the tradition Siberia \/ Tengrism.\">Siberia \/ Tengrism<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"High deity.\">High Deity<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-uelgen-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-uelgen-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-uelgen-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_uelgen-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6536\" alt=\"Uelgen - Gods from the Siberian Tengrism tradition, historical-illustrative\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_uelgen-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_uelgen-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_uelgen-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_uelgen.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-sec-iwgcomp-uelgen elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"sec-iwgcomp-uelgen\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-col-iwgcomp-uelgen\" data-id=\"col-iwgcomp-uelgen\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcomp-uelgen elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcomp-uelgen\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uelgen, the <strong>Altai god of light<\/strong>, is regarded in Altai <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious system in which specialists communicate with the spirit world.\" tabindex=\"0\">shamanism<\/span> as creator and supreme high <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A being venerated as divine within a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">deity<\/span> of the upper world.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Classification and Brief Profile<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00dclgen is a specialization of the high-deity complex <a href=\"\/en\/tengri-sky-god-of-the-tengrists\/\">Tengri<\/a> within the Altaic, Telengit, Shor, and Tuvan <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic discipline that studies religions comparatively and without confessional commitment.\" tabindex=\"0\">religion<\/span>.<\/p><p>While Tengri encompasses the entire vault of heaven, \u00dclgen inhabits the uppermost nine heavens and is regarded as a personally addressable creator agent. Anokhin described him in 1924 as &#8220;the high god of the Altai peoples who is actually <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address to a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invoked<\/span>.&#8221;<\/p><p>Within the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/siberian-shamanism-and-tengrism-steppe-and-taiga\/\">Siberian-Tengrist tradition<\/a>, \u00dclgen is the upper apex of a multi-tiered <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of the gods of a religion or culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">pantheon<\/span> of gods; <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/erlik-khan-ruler-of-the-altaic-underworld\/\">Erlik Khan<\/a> is his dual counterpart, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/yer-sub-earth-and-water-spirit-of-the-turkic-peoples\/\">Yer-Sub<\/a> his earth-bound complement.<\/p><p>The religious-sociological significance of \u00dclgen is that, unlike the remote Tengri, he represents an active creator agent who can be directly invoked.<\/p><p>He thereby fills a gap that the <em>deus otiosus<\/em> Tengri leaves open; in this function he is typologically more comparable to the Greek Zeus or the Norse Odin than to the immeasurable sky itself.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Name and Etymology<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The word <em>\u00fclg\u00e4n \/ \u00fclgen<\/em> is Old Turkic and is associated in scholarship with the meanings &#8220;great, sublime, mighty&#8221;; in some lexicons also &#8220;the distributor, the apportioner&#8221; (from <em>\u00fcl\u0113-<\/em> &#8220;to divide, to distribute&#8221;), which fits the conception that he distributes life-portions to human beings. Related forms are Khakas <em>\u00dclg\u00e4n<\/em>, Shor <em>\u00dclgen<\/em>.<\/p><p>Among the Mongols, no direct equivalent appears; there the role is partly taken over by <em>M\u00f6ngke Tngri<\/em> and partly by Bodhisattvas of Buddhist influence such as <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/khormusta-supreme-sky-god-of-the-mongols\/\">Khormusta<\/a>. This asymmetry makes \u00dclgen a specifically South Siberian-Turkic phenomenon.<\/p><p>An alternative etymology connects the name with <em>\u00fcligen<\/em>, &#8220;the bestowing one,&#8221; which fits the mythological conception that \u00dclgen distributes wealth and fertility. Both etymologies are linguistically compatible and may have historically reinforced each other.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Description and Iconography<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00dclgen is described as an elderly, white-bearded man on a golden throne in the uppermost heaven. He wears a cloak embroidered with the sun and moon, holds in his right hand a luminous bow made of rainbow material and in his left a cup full of mare&#8217;s milk. His messenger is the white eagle.<\/p><p>In the Altaic drum diagrams recorded by Anokhin and Potapov, \u00dclgen stands at the very top; below him branch nine daughters (the <em>Kysh-Kyz<\/em>) and nine sons who govern individual celestial domains.<\/p><p>This <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of the transmitted divine narratives of a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span> of nine sons and daughters is a classic Siberian high-deity <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The study of pictorial content and its meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconography<\/span> that recurs in the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span> of <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/erlik-khan-ruler-of-the-altaic-underworld\/\">Erlik Khan<\/a> as well, though mirrored downward.<\/p><p>In the modern Altai Republic context, the iconography of \u00dclgen has been consolidated; a well-known mural in the cultural center of Gorno-Altaysk depicts him in the standard white-bearded form. This modern iconography draws on Anokhin&#8217;s ethnographic sketches and creates a coherent visual form that never existed in quite such unified fashion in the historical material.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mythological Narratives<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Altaic creation narrative describes \u00dclgen drifting alone on the primordial waters, commissioning a bird (sometimes a duck, sometimes Erlik in bird form) to fetch mud from the bottom, and shaping the earth from it. After Erlik has become separate, \u00dclgen creates the first human being from clay and animates him by placing the sun inside his head, a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring thematic element in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> that has parallels in Christian creation thought but was certainly formulated independently.<\/p><p>A second narrative describes the erection of the world tree, a cosmic larch whose roots reach into Erlik&#8217;s realm and whose crown meets beneath \u00dclgen&#8217;s throne. Along this axis the white <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious specialist attributed with the ability to mediate between human beings and the spirit world.\" tabindex=\"0\">shaman<\/span> moves during his upward journey. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Romanian scholar of religion (1907-1986); shaped the phenomenological method in religious studies.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mircea Eliade<\/span> made this <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring thematic element in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> the central category of his <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious system in which specialists communicate with the spirit world.\" tabindex=\"0\">shamanism<\/span> model under the term &#8220;Axis Mundi.&#8221;<\/p><p>A third narrative describes a dispute between \u00dclgen and Erlik over the first human being: Erlik attempts to breathe his breath into the clay body, but \u00dclgen acts first. In his fury, Erlik creates the first diseases and mosquitoes, a typical etiological <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins, and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> that explains the existence of evil without moral dualism.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cult and Veneration<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The \u00dclgen <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of religious acts of veneration for a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> was a public spring cult in the Altaic highlands.<\/p><p>On a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belonging to the divine and thereby withdrawn from everyday use.\" tabindex=\"0\">sacred<\/span> mountain in May a young light-colored horse (white or pale yellow) was sacrificed; shamans &#8220;rode through the nine heavens&#8221; in ecstatic sessions and conveyed the requests of the tribe to \u00dclgen. Anokhin documented one such session in detail (1909, published 1924).<\/p><p>In the personal sphere, \u00dclgen was the central <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The beseeching or conjuring address directed at a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocation<\/span> of the white shamans (<em>aq kam<\/em>), while the black shamans turned to <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/erlik-khan-ruler-of-the-altaic-underworld\/\">Erlik Khan<\/a>. His feast day often fell on the summer solstice celebration and overlapped with the later Naadam complex of Mongolia.<\/p><p>A special form of \u00dclgen veneration was the <em>tagyl<\/em> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A regulated sequence of symbolic actions with religious or cultural significance.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span>: on a flat rock a small stone <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An elevated place or table for offerings and religious acts.\" tabindex=\"0\">altar<\/span> was erected and tended with mare&#8217;s milk and butter pastries.<\/p><p>Such rock altars are archaeologically partially preserved in the South Siberian highlands and may reach back to the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A prehistoric era in which bronze was the most important metal for tools.\" tabindex=\"0\">Bronze Age<\/span>, without the religious identification necessarily being continuous.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Protective Practice and the Apotropaic<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Protective practice within the \u00dclgen complex was positively connoted: the emphasis was less on warding off than on &#8220;setting things in order.&#8221; <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Warding off evil: of signs and objects intended to keep harmful influences away.\" tabindex=\"0\">Apotropaic<\/span> elements included tying white cloth strips (<em>kyira<\/em>) to larches at mountain passes, erecting small stone pyramids (<em>obo<\/em>), and avoiding noise and conflict on the passes.<\/p><p>In the case of a child&#8217;s illness, a white <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious specialist attributed with the ability to mediate between human beings and the spirit world.\" tabindex=\"0\">shaman<\/span> could be called upon to ask \u00dclgen for the &#8220;return of a life-portion.&#8221; In conceptual terms this is a cosmic appeal for order, not a promise of healing.<\/p><p>From a religious-studies perspective, this practice belongs to the category of &#8220;restoration rituals&#8221; documented in many other indigenous traditions as well.<\/p><p>Central to understanding this is the distinction: \u00dclgen was the addressee of petitions, not the healer himself. Healing was the responsibility of the shaman as intermediary, an important religious-sociological distinction that Roberte Hamayon (1990) articulated sharply in her critique of Eliade&#8217;s model.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Parallels in Other Cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Structurally comparable to the Germanic Tyr, the Vedic Varuna in his light function, the Roman Iuppiter as god of law and order, and, in Siberia, the Yakut <em>Aar Tojon<\/em>.<\/p><p>From a phenomenology-of-religion perspective, it is notable that \u00dclgen, unlike the remote Tengri, possesses a concrete creation narrative without thereby becoming a creator-demiurge in the manner of Yaldabaoth in Gnosticism.<\/p><p>A close parallel is found in the Finnish Ukko, who likewise functions as a &#8220;more active high deity&#8221; beneath an abstract celestial layer. The Finnish Kalevala scholar Juha Pentik\u00e4inen drew typological comparisons between Siberian and Finno-Ugric high deities in <em>Shamanism and Culture<\/em> (1998).<\/p><p>The specifically Altaic feature is the strict division into &#8220;white&#8221; and &#8220;black&#8221; shamans with separate invocation addresses. This model is rare in Siberian comparison and makes \u00dclgen particularly interesting from the standpoint of the phenomenology of religion.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contemporary Reception and Research<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In modern Altaic cultural work, \u00dclgen has been reclaimed; he adorns postage stamps, folk festivals, and school textbooks of the Altai Republic. Scholarly standard treatments include: Anokhin (1924), L. P. Potapov (<em>Altaiskij schamanizm<\/em>, 1991), Mircea Eliade (1951), Vladimir Basilov (1984), and more recently Andrei Znamenski (2007).<\/p><p>The Finnish scholar of religion Juha Pentik\u00e4inen (<em>Shamanism and Culture<\/em>, 1998) situates \u00dclgen within a broader circumpolar series of light deities.<\/p><p>In the contemporary Altai context, the \u00dclgen <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of religious acts of veneration for a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> exists in tension: on one hand it is positioned as &#8220;genuine indigenous religion&#8221; in contrast to Russian Christianity, while on the other hand it is itself overlaid with New Age elements not grounded in the ethnographic tradition.<\/p><p>Andrei Znamenski has analyzed this tension in detail in his Oxford volume.<\/p><p>A separate research strand concerns the archaeological traces of \u00dclgen-centered rituals; M. P. Gryaznov and V. D. Kubarev have documented rock images in Tuva and the Altai that have been interpreted as \u00dclgen riders, though the identification remains uncertain.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Research Debates and Open Questions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Three research debates shape \u00dclgen studies. First: is \u00dclgen a split from Tengri or an independent Altaic layer? Anokhin and Potapov tended toward the former reading, Roux and Hamayon toward the latter.<\/p><p>Second: how continuous is the veneration of \u00dclgen from the pre-Islamic period through the 19th and 20th centuries? Written sources are largely absent; the ethnographic <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The transmission of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span> has only been systematically recorded since Radloff in the 1860s.<\/p><p>Third: what share does Russian collecting activity itself have in consolidating the image of \u00dclgen? Andrei Znamenski has offered an important self-critical reflection here: much of what we know about \u00dclgen is also a product of Tsarist and Soviet ethnography and not solely of the Altaic insider perspective.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00dclgen Compared with High Deities of Neighboring Peoples<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A systematic comparison of \u00dclgen with other Siberian high deities is illuminating from a religious-studies perspective.<\/p><p>Compared to the Tungusic <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/buga-high-god-of-the-evenki-tungus\/\">Buga<\/a>, \u00dclgen is distinctly more personal and endowed with a richer mythology; compared to the Yakut <em>\u00dcr\u00fcn Aar Tojon<\/em>, he is conceived as more actively creative. Compared to the Mongolian <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/khormusta-supreme-sky-god-of-the-mongols\/\">Khormusta<\/a>, the Iranian-Buddhist layers are absent.<\/p><p>These comparisons show that South Siberian religion is not a homogeneous stratum but rather a spectrum of differently profiled high-deity figures, each with its own mythology, iconography, and ritual practice. Vladimir Basilov offered a first systematic comparative study in <em>Shamanism in Siberia<\/em> (1984).<\/p><p>From the standpoint of the phenomenology of religion, \u00dclgen is especially interesting because he fills the gap between the remote Tengri and the specific specialized deities. This intermediary role makes him one of the &#8220;most vital&#8221; high deities of Siberia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s10 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s10\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s10h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s10h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sources and Connection to the Culture Hub<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s10c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s10c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s10t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s10t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Those wishing to study the \u00dclgen complex in its breadth will find on the overview page <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/siberian-shamanism-and-tengrism-steppe-and-taiga\/\">Siberian-Tengrist Tradition<\/a> the most important cross-references to related figures such as <a href=\"\/en\/tengri-sky-god-of-the-tengrists\/\">Tengri<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/erlik-khan-ruler-of-the-altaic-underworld\/\">Erlik Khan<\/a>, and the protective mother figure <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/umai-mother-and-child-goddess-of-the-turkic-peoples\/\">Umai<\/a>.<\/p><p>A. V. Anokhin&#8217;s <em>Materials on the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious system in which specialists communicate with the spirit world.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shamanism<\/span> of the Altai Peoples<\/em> (1924) is the most important primary source and provides detailed descriptions of six complete shamanic sessions that he personally documented. L. P. Potapov&#8217;s <em>Altaiskij schamanizm<\/em> (1991) is the most important Soviet-Russian synthesis.<\/p><p>For the circumpolar context, reference is made to Juha Pentik\u00e4inen&#8217;s <em>Shamanism and Culture<\/em> (1998), which situates \u00dclgen within a broader series of light deities from Scandinavia to Siberia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s11 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s11h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s11h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Phenomenology of Religion: Light<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s11c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s11c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s11t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s11t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00dclgen is an instructive example of the phenomenology-of-religion category &#8220;god of light,&#8221; which Wilhelm Schmidt elaborated in his high-deity doctrine and which Friedrich Heiler later developed in <em>Erscheinungsformen und Wesen der Religion<\/em> (1961). Characteristic is the association of light, height, creation, and ethical order.<\/p><p>Compared to other deities of light, such as the Vedic Surya, the Egyptian Ra, and the Zoroastrian Hvar Khshaeta, \u00dclgen lacks direct identification with the solar disk; he is more the &#8220;luminous high deity&#8221; behind the astral phenomena.<\/p><p>This places him typologically closer to Indo-European high deities such as Varuna or Tyr than to Indo-Iranian solar deities.<\/p><p>The connection with the world tree is a core motif that decisively shaped Eliade&#8217;s concept of the &#8220;Axis Mundi.&#8221; Even if Eliade&#8217;s theory is now viewed critically, the material from the \u00dclgen complex remains one of the most compelling examples of vertical cosmic mediation structures.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s12 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s12h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s12h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Methodological Reflection<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s12c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s12c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s12t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s12t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00dclgen research raises several methodological problems. First: Altaic religion was recorded in the 19th century mainly by Russian Orthodox missionaries and somewhat later by Russian ethnographers. Both groups had interpretive preconceptions that distort the transmitted picture.<\/p><p>Second: Anokhin&#8217;s detailed session protocols (1909) are an outstanding source, but they are shaped by the presence of the observer himself. The methodological discussion around &#8220;participant observation&#8221; in the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The discipline that studies cultures and societies comparatively.\" tabindex=\"0\">ethnology<\/span> of religion bears directly on Anokhin&#8217;s material.<\/p><p>Third: the contemporary re-Tengrization in the Altai Republic is constructing a consolidated \u00dclgen image tradition that never existed in such closed form in the historical material. This construction is of sociological-religious interest, but should not be confused with the historical layer.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s13 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s13\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s13h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s13h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00dclgen and the World Tree Concept<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s13c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s13c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s13t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s13t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A central religious-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sign that stands representatively for a concept or meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbolic<\/span> concept in the \u00dclgen complex is the world tree, the <em>baj-terek<\/em>: a cosmic larch or birch whose roots reach into the underworld and whose crown meets beneath \u00dclgen&#8217;s throne. Along this axis the white <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious specialist attributed with the ability to mediate between human beings and the spirit world.\" tabindex=\"0\">shaman<\/span> performs his ascent.<\/p><p>Mircea Eliade made this <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring thematic element in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> the central category of his <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious system in which specialists communicate with the spirit world.\" tabindex=\"0\">shamanism<\/span> model and systematically developed it under the term &#8220;Axis Mundi&#8221; in <em>Le sacr\u00e9 et le profane<\/em> (1957) and <em>Le chamanisme<\/em> (1951).<\/p><p>Even if Eliade&#8217;s model is now viewed critically, the \u00dclgen world tree remains one of the most compelling examples of vertical cosmic mediation structure in an indigenous religion.<\/p><p>Contemporary Altaic artists take up the world tree concept; it appears on numerous murals, souvenirs, and in folk-art exhibitions. This reception is of sociological-religious interest because it transforms a religious <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring thematic element in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> into a marker of cultural identity.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s14 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s14\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s14h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s14h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00dclgen in the Mirror of Contemporary Research Debates<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s14c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s14c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-s14t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-s14t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Contemporary \u00dclgen research stands within several productive tensions. On one side is the established Russian-Soviet school (Potapov, Tokarev), working with its wealth of empirical material; on the other is Western phenomenology of religion (Eliade, Pentik\u00e4inen), searching for general religious structures.<\/p><p>Both schools complement each other without being coextensive. Roberte Hamayon made their tension explicit in <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em> (1990), arguing for a third, socio-economically grounded reading.<\/p><p>Andrei Znamenski, in his works since 2003, has systematically addressed the methodological problems of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious system in which specialists communicate with the spirit world.\" tabindex=\"0\">shamanism<\/span> research: how much of the research image is itself an effect of the research? This reflexive turn now also shapes \u00dclgen scholarship. For young scholars of religion, this is an instructive example.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2bb9b29e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2bb9b29e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp26f84b97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp26f84b97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00dclgen in the Religion of the Altai Turks: Sources and Recorders<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp237ddc15 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp237ddc15\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp28067a54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp28067a54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A being venerated as divine within a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">deity<\/span> \u00dclgen, also written <em>\u00dclg\u00e4n<\/em> or <em>Bai \u00dclgen<\/em>, is known primarily from the religion of the Turkic-speaking peoples of the Altai Mountains. The most important descriptions derive from the ethnography of the 19th and early 20th centuries.<\/p><p>Particular significance attaches to the work of the scholar Wilhelm Radloff and of the missionary and linguist Vasily Verbitsky, who were active among the Altai peoples in the 19th century and collected texts, prayers, and descriptions of ritual practice.<\/p><p>In these sources \u00dclgen appears as a high, benevolent sky god who resides in one of the upper celestial layers. In many traditions he is contrasted with Erlik, the lord of the underworld.<\/p><p>\u00dclgen is associated with creation, fertility, livestock, and the well-being of human beings. Unlike a remote, inactive sky god, \u00dclgen was the addressee of concrete rituals; animal <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An offering to a deity to express gratitude, petition, or veneration.\" tabindex=\"0\">sacrifices<\/span> were offered to him, especially horses, and the shamanic specialist entered into contact with him through ritual songs.<\/p><p>When using these sources it should be borne in <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An incorporeal being to which effects in the world are attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">mind<\/span> that Verbitsky was a missionary who viewed Altaic religion from a Christian perspective, while Radloff was more interested in linguistics and ethnology. Both also documented a religion already influenced by contact with Buddhism, Christianity, and Russian rule.<\/p><p>Some scholars have even suspected a possible Iranian-Zoroastrian or Christian influence in the dualistic juxtaposition of \u00dclgen and Erlik. This question has not been conclusively resolved, but it cautions against accepting the transmitted image of \u00dclgen uncritically as <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epoch of Greek and Roman culture, roughly 800 BC to 600 AD.\" tabindex=\"0\">ancient<\/span> and uninfluenced. Related sky deities are also known in neighboring <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/siberian-shamanism-and-tengrism-steppe-and-taiga\/\">Inner Asian cultures<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp299b431d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp299b431d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp206c9790 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp206c9790\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Shamanic Journey to Heaven to Reach \u00dclgen: A Ritual Text in Detail<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp262fe7ef e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp262fe7ef\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp213fcfa0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp213fcfa0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Among the most impressive testimonies of Altaic religion is the description of a ritual journey to heaven to reach \u00dclgen, as transmitted among others by Wilhelm Radloff and as the scholar of religion Mircea Eliade subsequently treated in detail in his study of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious system in which specialists communicate with the spirit world.\" tabindex=\"0\">shamanism<\/span>.<\/p><p>The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A regulated sequence of symbolic actions with religious or cultural significance.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> served the purpose of presenting a horse <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An offering to a deity to express thanks, request, or veneration.\" tabindex=\"0\">sacrifice<\/span> to \u00dclgen and was intended to secure his goodwill for the community.<\/p><p>The sequence of events as described in the sources is multi-staged. Following preparations that included the selection and ritual treatment of the sacrificial animal, the shamanic specialist symbolically ascended a series of notches cut into a birch tree representing the successive celestial layers.<\/p><p>In ritual songs he described the ascent from layer to layer, encountered various beings along the way, and finally approached the seat of \u00dclgen. At this point he presented the community&#8217;s petitions and sought to gain information about the future from the responses, such as the coming harvest or the increase of the herds.<\/p><p>Caution is appropriate when evaluating this account. The text that Radloff recorded is a concrete performance bound to a specific place and time, not a timeless script. Eliade generalized it as a model example of the shamanic heavenly journey, but later research has criticized his tendency toward unification.<\/p><p>What can be stated is that \u00dclgen in Altaic practice was not merely a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic study of God and the doctrines of a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">theological<\/span> concept but the destination of an elaborate ritual act in which the layering of the heavens and the specialist&#8217;s ascent were concretely staged.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp25359e9f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp25359e9f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp239a60e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp239a60e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00dclgen and Erlik: The Dualistic Structure and Its Interpretations<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2c94b71a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2c94b71a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp27d463c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp27d463c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Characteristic of the transmitted image of \u00dclgen is his close connection with the counterpart figure <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/siberian-shamanism-and-tengrism-steppe-and-taiga\/\">Erlik<\/a>. In numerous Altaic narratives the two appear as a complementary pair: \u00dclgen above in the sky, associated with light, creation, and life; Erlik below, with the underworld, illness, and death.<\/p><p>Some creation narratives have both participate in the making of the world, with Erlik&#8217;s contribution often bringing the imperfect or harmful into existence.<\/p><p>This dualistic structure has occupied scholarship intensively. One question is whether the pronounced dualism is an original feature of Altaic religion or whether it was reinforced through contacts with dualistic religious systems, perhaps with Zoroastrian ideas via the Inner Asian trade routes or with Christian notions of God and the devil through the Russian mission.<\/p><p>A definitive answer is not possible, since the sources date only from a period in which such contacts had long existed.<\/p><p>It is also important not to misunderstand the opposition between \u00dclgen and Erlik as a simple struggle between good and evil. In many narratives Erlik is not a pure adversary but a necessary part of the world order, with whom one had to come to terms just as with \u00dclgen.<\/p><p>Shamanic specialists communicated with both the upper and the lower world. The relationship between the two powers is therefore better described as a tension-filled complementarity than as moral dualism.<\/p><p>For the classification of \u00dclgen, it follows that his significance is only fully apparent in relation to Erlik: he is the celestial pole of a two-pole interpretation of the world.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Selected Bibliography<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>A. V. Anokhin: <em>Materials on the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious system in which specialists communicate with the spirit world.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shamanism<\/span> of the Altai Peoples<\/em> (1924)<\/li><li>L. P. Potapov: <em>Altaiskij schamanizm<\/em> (1991)<\/li><li>Mircea Eliade: <em>Le chamanisme<\/em> (1951)<\/li><li>Vladimir Basilov: <em>Shamanism in Siberia<\/em> (1984)<\/li><li>Juha Pentik\u00e4inen: <em>Shamanism and Culture<\/em> (1998)<\/li><li>Andrei Znamenski: <em>Shamanism and Western Imagination<\/em> (2007)<\/li><li>Roberte Hamayon: <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em> (1990)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw-add-uelgen e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw-add-uelgen\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw-add-uelgen-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw-add-uelgen-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Altaic god of light is rendered in the sources with two common transliterations: <strong>\u00dclgen<\/strong> in the standard Turkological form and <strong>Uelgen<\/strong> in German-language texts without special characters.<\/p><p>Both spellings refer to the same figure, who appears in the records of Wilhelm Radloff and later Siberian religious scholarship as creator of the upper world and counterpart of the subterranean Erlik. The dual spelling facilitates locating references in older bibliographies and digital catalogs where umlauts are processed differently.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-uelgen e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-uelgen\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-uelgen-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-uelgen-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <em>Altaic<\/em> creation myth presents \u00dclgen as the luminous lord of the upper world, whose adversary Erlik rules the underworld; the ethnographic records of Wilhelm Radloff in the nineteenth century document the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of the gods of a religion or culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">pantheon<\/span> in detail.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Related key terms: \u00dclgen Aq Kam white shamans nine heavens Altaic creation.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-uelgen\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard and Protective Traditions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard draws on the cultural-historical tradition of wearable protective objects, in the tradition of <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/siberian-shamanism-and-tengrism-steppe-and-taiga\/\">Siberia \/ Tengrism<\/a> and many other cultures worldwide. 41 layers, real gold, platinum, silver, crafted in Germany. 30-day return policy.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/about-iwell-guard-the-protective-pendant-in-detail\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">Learn More About the iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">Learn More About the iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Personal experiences may vary. Not a medical device. No promise of healing.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-uelgen-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-uelgen-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard is <strong>not a medical device<\/strong> and does not replace medical or psychotherapeutic treatment. The religious-studies content is cultural-historical classification, not a recommendation for spiritual practice.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dclgen, Altaic God of Light and Creator of the Upper World \u00dclgen (Old Turkic \u00dclg\u00e4n) is, in the South Siberian-Tengrist faith, the creator and god of light of the upper world, guardian of the white shamans, and mythological counterpart of the underworld ruler Erlik Khan. CreatorSiberia \/ TengrismHigh Deity Table of Contents Uelgen, the Altai [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6536,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"\u00dclgen god of light Altai","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Uelgen: Altai God of Light, Creation and Sources","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"\u00dclgen is the creator and god of light of the upper world in South Siberian Tengrism. Classification with mythology and cult.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"class_list":["post-6535","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gods"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Uelgen: Altai God of Light, Creation and Sources<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00dclgen is the creator and god of light of the upper world in South Siberian Tengrism. 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