{"id":6455,"date":"2026-05-13T20:31:55","date_gmt":"2026-05-13T20:31:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sedna-inuit-mistress-of-the-sea\/"},"modified":"2026-06-05T14:37:02","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T14:37:02","slug":"sedna-inuit-mistress-of-the-sea","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/sedna-inuit-mistress-of-the-sea\/","title":{"rendered":"Sedna: Inuit Mistress of the Sea"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"6455\" class=\"elementor elementor-6455 elementor-2654 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sedna: Mistress and Guardian of the Animals in the Inuit Pantheon<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sedna, known in the polar Inuit <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span> under numerous names such as Nuliajuk, Takannakapsaluk, or Arnakuagsak, is regarded as mistress of the sea animals and ranks among the most densely documented figures in the religious history of the circumpolar region.<\/p><p>Knud Rasmussen&#8217;s records from the Fifth Thule Expedition made her figure the key to any serious religious-studies examination of the Arctic subsistence societies.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Sea being of the Inuit tradition.\">Sea being<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/inuit-and-the-arctic-sedna-tornit-and-protective-practice\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mythology of the Inuit tradition.\">Inuit<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mistress of the animals.\">Mistress of the Animals<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-sedna-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-sedna-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-sedna-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_inuit_sedna-1-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6456\" alt=\"Sedna: gods from the Inuit tradition, historical-illustrative\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_inuit_sedna-1-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_inuit_sedna-1-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_inuit_sedna-1-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_inuit_sedna-1.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-sec-iwgcomp-sedna elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"sec-iwgcomp-sedna\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-col-iwgcomp-sedna\" data-id=\"col-iwgcomp-sedna\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcomp-sedna elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcomp-sedna\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of religious acts of veneration directed toward a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span><\/strong> of the Inuit mistress of the sea, Sedna, shapes the hunting and protective rituals of the Arctic region to this day.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Classification and Brief Profile<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sedna is the most prominent numinous figure of the central Arctic <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/inuit-and-the-arctic-sedna-tornit-and-protective-practice\/\">Inuit<\/a> tradition. According to the transmitted narratives, she resides at the bottom of the sea and controls the stocks of seals, whales, and walruses that are vital to subsistence.<\/p><p>Unlike many pan-Arctic deities, Sedna possesses a continuous narrative biography that identifies her as a formerly human woman whose mutilation and submersion transferred her into the position of mistress of the animals. This narrative depth makes her a case that is especially amenable to religious-studies analysis.<\/p><p>In religious-studies terms, Sedna is classified as an instance of the type of the mistress of the animals, which is widely distributed across Siberia and North America.<\/p><p>Knud Rasmussen, Ann Fienup-Riordan, and Daniel Merkur have shown in agreement that her control over the game animals marks the central economic and religious nexus of traditional Inuit society. According to Inuit teaching, whoever violates the taboos directed at her closes off the hunting grounds.<\/p><p>Sedna&#8217;s power is not morally judging in the Western sense, but reciprocally regulated. She withholds her animals or releases them, depending on whether the way of life of the people preserves her taboo system.<\/p><p>In scholarship this mechanism is discussed as a religious resource economy that interlocks social cohesion and the regulation of hunting. She is thus at once a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic study of God and the doctrines of a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">theological<\/span> and a sociopolitical authority, which distinguishes her from many other divine figures.<\/p><p>Because Sedna possesses an unusually self-contained narrative biography, more recent religious-studies research has tested its methodologically expanded approaches precisely on her: it interweaves ethnographic attention to detail, linguistic source criticism, and a comparative perspective.<\/p><p>Scholars from within the Inuit community itself are significantly involved today, reviewing and correcting older, in part colonially tinged interpretations of the mistress of the sea.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Name, Etymology, and Regional Variants<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The name Sedna that is common today stems from the Inuktitut of the Baffin region and became <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belonging to the bindingly recognized body of scriptures of a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">canonical<\/span> through Franz Boas&#8217;s records at the end of the nineteenth century.<\/p><p>Sedna&#8217;s actual, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Averting harm: said of signs and objects intended to keep harmful influences away.\" tabindex=\"0\">apotropaically<\/span> tabooed name is often avoided in storytelling situations. Instead, honorific names such as Nuliajuk circulate, which literally means the ever-courted one and predominates in the Netsilik and Iglulik region.<\/p><p>Among the Aivilingmiut and Iglulingmiut the form Takannakapsaluk is customary, in Greenland Arnakuagsak or Arnarquassaaq. The regional diversity is not only linguistic but each variant brings with it slightly modified strands of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span>.<\/p><p>Thus the Iglulik variant places greater emphasis on the strands of adoption and marriage, while the Baffin variant brings the father Anguta and the boat drama to the fore. In Alaska related concepts exist, though they in part diverge functionally from the central Arctic Sedna.<\/p><p>Etymologically, Daniel Merkur interprets the name Nuliajuk in the sense of a woman constantly courted by <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A bodiless being to which agency in the world is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">spirits<\/span> and sees in this a mirroring of the shamanic journey: the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious specialist credited with mediating between humans and the world of spirits.\" tabindex=\"0\">shaman<\/span> must seek her out like a suitor who wins her favor.<\/p><p>Other name forms reflect the function: <em>Arnaq<\/em> simply means woman, <em>nuna<\/em> land or world, so that bynames such as woman beneath the sea remain semantically transparent. The diversity of names corresponds to the phenomenology-of-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic discipline that studies religions comparatively and without confessional commitment.\" tabindex=\"0\">religion<\/span> observation that powerful numinous figures are often addressed only through circumlocutions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Description and Iconography<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the transmitted narratives Sedna is described as a mighty woman on the sea floor whose hands are either no longer present at all or have turned into seal flippers. Her hair is long, heavy, and permanently matted, since without fingers she can no longer comb it herself.<\/p><p>According to several accounts, the diseases and the scarcity of the game animals arise from this matted hair. This bodily vulnerability is, in the phenomenology of religion, a distinct <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring element of content in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span>.<\/p><p>Visual depictions were rare in traditional Inuit culture, since the figurative portrayal of the mistress of the sea was itself taboo-laden. Only contemporary Inuit art since the 1950s, for example in Cape Dorset (Kinngait) and Pangnirtung, has made Sedna an iconographically tangible <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring element of content in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span>.<\/p><p>Stone prints by artists such as Ningiukulu Teevee, Kenojuak Ashevak, or Pitseolak Ashoona often show her as a being with a human upper body and a tail fin.<\/p><p>The contemporary pictorial tradition is, in religious-studies terms, to be distinguished from the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Originating from the period before the spread of Christianity.\" tabindex=\"0\">pre-Christian<\/span> tradition. In Rasmussen&#8217;s records the shamans report that they could see Sedna only under special <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An altered state of consciousness with narrowed attention; deliberately induced in shamanic and mediumistic practice.\" tabindex=\"0\">trance<\/span> conditions and that any anticipatory depiction was considered presumptuous.<\/p><p>Today&#8217;s pictorial tradition is thus less a rendering of a historical <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The study of pictorial content and its meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconography<\/span> than a distinct modern appropriation of the figure.<\/p><p>Symbolically, the water animals themselves are associated with her: ringed seals, bearded seals, walruses, belugas, narwhals. In the narratives about her creation, these animals emerged from the severed finger joints, an etiological <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring element of content in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> that makes the economic dependency <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belonging to a fixed religious sequence of actions.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritually<\/span> visible as a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An ordered sequence of symbolic actions with religious or cultural meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span>.<\/p><p>Whoever kills a seal has, in religious-mythic terms, received a part of Sedna&#8217;s own body, which establishes the obligation to treat it respectfully.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Central Myth of the Mutilation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In almost all variants the core narrative follows a fixed basic framework, as Franz Boas, Knud Rasmussen, and later Daniel Merkur have documented. Sedna is the daughter of the man <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/anguta-father-of-sedna-and-keeper-of-the-underworld\/\">Anguta<\/a>. She refuses to marry a human man.<\/p><p>Finally she accepts a suitor who reveals himself to be a fulmar, a dog, or an unknown stranger. After the marriage she recognizes the true nature of her husband and cries out for her father.<\/p><p>Anguta fetches her with the umiak, the women&#8217;s boat. During the flight the fulmar-man gathers a storm. To save the boat from sinking, Anguta throws his daughter into the sea. When she clings to the rim of the boat, he hacks off her finger joints.<\/p><p>From the first joint arise the small seals, from the second the bearded seals, from the third the walruses and whales. This successive genesis of the sea animals is a typical <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring element of content in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> of etiological narrative literature.<\/p><p>Mutilated, Sedna sinks to the sea floor and there becomes the mistress of the animals. She remains ambivalent toward the father who betrayed her, toward the people whose taboo violations cause her hair to mat, and toward the shamans who descend to her in trance.<\/p><p>This <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins, and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> is not primarily a myth of punishment but an etiological model for the emergence of the hunting economy. In religious-studies terms it is a paradigmatic case of a creation <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of the transmitted divine narratives of a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span> in which the world arises not out of order but out of injury.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Shamanic Journey to the Depths<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>When hunting luck failed for a longer period, it was, according to Inuit conception, the central task of the angakkuq, the shaman, to descend to Sedna. In <em>Intellectual Culture of the Iglulik Eskimos<\/em> Rasmussen rendered one of the densest descriptions of this journey, which became the standard passage of circumpolar shamanism research in religious-studies discourse.<\/p><p>The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious specialist credited with mediating between humans and the world of spirits.\" tabindex=\"0\">shaman<\/span> enters a trance through drumming, chanting, and breathing techniques. His double or his soul leaves the body, traverses an icy tundra plain, overcomes a rotating iceberg passage, a raging current with razor-sharp ice floes, and finally a dog that guards the entrance to Sedna&#8217;s house.<\/p><p>Arriving in the house, he finds Sedna with matted hair in which the animals have become entangled.<\/p><p>The shaman&#8217;s task is to comb her hair, to clean it, and to conduct himself conciliatorily. During this act the human community in the igloo, led by the assistant shaman, confesses its taboo violations.<\/p><p>Only when the transgressions have been spoken aloud does Sedna release the animals. In <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious system in which specialists commune with the world of spirits.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shamanism<\/span> and Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy<\/em> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Romanian scholar of religion (1907-1986); shaped the phenomenological method in religious studies.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mircea Eliade<\/span> treated this practice as an exemplary case of shamanic mediation.<\/p><p>Daniel Merkur emphasizes that the journey must not be misunderstood as an individual healing practice but is a collective crisis ritual in which the economic crisis is religiously symbolized and communally resolved. The social function is at least as important as the theological one, and in practice the two cannot be separated.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Taboo, Pittailiniq, and Apotropaic Practice<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The system of taboos surrounding Sedna is known in the Inuit language as <em>pittailiniq<\/em>, which literally means that which must be refrained from. These prohibitions are not moral in the Christian sense but are anchored in the economy of hunting and subsistence.<\/p><p>According to Sedna&#8217;s conception, whoever mixes land and sea animals in the same meal, whoever does not treat seal meat properly, whoever butchers seals during menstruation, or whoever conceals a death befouls her hair.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Averting harm: said of signs and objects intended to keep harmful influences away.\" tabindex=\"0\">Apotropaic<\/span> effects are exerted above all by the purification obligations after birth and death, the separate keeping of seal and caribou tools, the handling of the first animal killed, and the returning of water into the mouth of the killed seal as a sign of respect.<\/p><p>The latter gesture, referred to in scholarship as the seal burial, is regarded as a central gift of consolation toward the soul of the animal and indirectly toward Sedna.<\/p><p>Protective <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A worn object to which a protective, misfortune-averting effect is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">amulets<\/span> known as <em>aarnguaq<\/em> are also attested. These can consist of bones, claws, or beak remains of killed animals and are attached to infants or hunters.<\/p><p>They are not <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Practices that seek to intervene in the course of events through special actions or formulas.\" tabindex=\"0\">magical<\/span> in the sense of a mechanical effect but indicate a cultivated relationship with the non-human persons on whom survival depends. This ethic of relationship clearly distinguishes Inuit religion from magical-instrumental traditions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sedna in the Context of Circumpolar Religion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the phenomenology of religion, Sedna belongs to the wide family of the mistresses of the animals, which Adolf Friedrich and later Otto Zerries systematically described for northern Eurasia and North America.<\/p><p>Parallels are found in the Chukchi <em>kelet<\/em> conception, among the Koryak and Itelmen mistresses of the sea, and with the Yupik <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/qailertetang-weather-companion-and-guardian-of-animals\/\">Qailertetang<\/a>, who in some narratives even appears as Sedna&#8217;s companion.<\/p><p>In the wider circumpolar comparison she moves into proximity to the Finno-Ugric <em>Mehts\u00e4-Em\u00e4<\/em> or forest mother and to the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/sami-and-finno-ugric-tradition-noaidi-and-drum\/\">Sami<\/a> mistresses of the animals such as <em>Leibolmm\u00e1i<\/em>. The structural correspondence lies in the reciprocal logic: the prey is not a resource but a gift of a numinous person.<\/p><p>In subarctic-circumpolar discourse, Ann Fienup-Riordan has shown for the <em>Yupik<\/em> tradition that the structurally similar figures there are not uniformly personified but appear as a bundle of relationships and taboos.<\/p><p>The central-Arctic Inuit tradition, by contrast, tends more strongly toward personalization in the one great figure of Sedna. This difference within the circumpolar region is instructive in religious-studies terms, because it shows that the religious form does not necessarily follow from the ecological configuration.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Colonial History and Christian Overlay<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>With the missionization of the Inuit by Moravian and Anglican missionaries from the eighteenth century onward, intensified in Canada in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, the Sedna <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of religious acts of veneration directed toward a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> came under considerable pressure.<\/p><p>In many places the shamans were defamed as sorcerers and their drums publicly burned. The practice of the angakkuq formally ceased in many regions, which does not, however, mean that the Sedna narratives disappeared.<\/p><p>Well documented in religious-studies terms is a transformation into the domain of narrative literature and later of contemporary art. Sedna became a literary and artistic <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sign that stands in place of an idea or meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> of identity for a culture under colonial pressure. After the establishment of the Nunavut territory in 1999, she has become a component of school curricula and museum education.<\/p><p>Since the 2000s the restitution movement of indigenous religions has led to the rediscovery of shamanic practices in a deconfessionalized form. The religious-studies observation here is descriptive: it is a hybrid form of memory practice, identity construction, and partial ritual revival, not an unbroken continuity. This postcolonial configuration is a distinct field of religious-studies research.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Present-Day Reception, Research, and Art<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In non-indigenous reception Sedna has become the most prominent figure of Arctic religion. In astronomy, a transneptunian object discovered in 2003 bears the name 90377 Sedna, which documents the reach of the figure beyond the narrower religious-studies sphere.<\/p><p>In popular culture she is present in novels, films, comics, and games, frequently in a heavily simplified, sometimes problematically romanticized form.<\/p><p>Within the Inuit communities themselves the attitude toward this external reception is ambivalent. While the visibility is welcomed as cultural recognition, voices such as that of the Inuit curator Heather Igloliorte or the writer Rachel Qitsualik criticize the fact that external uses often ignore the religious references and reduce the figure to an aesthetic mermaid.<\/p><p>The religious-studies research of the last twenty years, for example by Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Laugrand, Jarich Oosten, and Anna Lia Berthelsen, emphasizes the necessity of reading Sedna not as an isolated divine image but as a node of a network of relationships among humans, animals, and land.<\/p><p>In this reading she becomes the key figure of an ecological anthropology of religion of the Arctic. This theoretical shift has considerable effects on the perception of the entire religious history of the Arctic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sedna in the Lexicon of the Inuit Tradition<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For a deeper classification within the Inuit world of conceptions, the entries on <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/sila-world-breath-and-weather-lord-of-the-inuit\/\">Sila<\/a>, the breath-space of the world, on <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/anguta-father-of-sedna-and-keeper-of-the-underworld\/\">Anguta<\/a>, her father, on <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/tornarssuk-great-protective-spirit-of-the-inuit-shamans\/\">Tornarssuk<\/a>, the shamanic helping <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An incorporeal being to which effects in the world are attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">spirit<\/span>, on <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/nanook-polar-bear-lord-of-the-inuit-tradition\/\">Nanook<\/a>, the polar bear spirit, and on <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/qailertetang-weather-companion-and-guardian-of-animals\/\">Qailertetang<\/a>, the weather-giving companion, are recommended.<\/p><p>More broadly, the cultural hub <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/inuit-and-the-arctic-sedna-tornit-and-protective-practice\/\">Inuit tradition<\/a> provides the religious-historical framing. Those seeking the connection of mistresses of the animals from other cultures will find structurally similar configurations among the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/sami-and-finno-ugric-tradition-noaidi-and-drum\/\">Sami<\/a> entries, for example with <em>Madderakka<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp29452ded e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp29452ded\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp24dd8067 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp24dd8067\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Regional Diversity of the Narrative and Its Names<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp24eec498 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp24eec498\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp27817669 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp27817669\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sedna is not the uniform name of a pan-Arctic <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A being venerated as divine within a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">deity<\/span> but a designation widespread in the research literature for a figure that appears under very different names in the various Inuit and Yupik regions.<\/p><p>Among the Inuit of Hudson Bay and the eastern Arctic she is known as Nuliajuk or as Takannaaluk, in the west forms such as Arnakuagsak appear, and the name Sedna itself stems from Franz Boas&#8217;s records on Baffin Island in the late nineteenth century.<\/p><p>This diversity is not a triviality but points to the regional autonomy of the individual communities. The narrative itself also varies. In some versions the later mistress of the sea is a woman who marries a dog or a being in bird form, in others a girl who refuses to marry.<\/p><p>Common to many versions is that she is taken along by her father in the kayak, thrown overboard during a storm, and clings to the side of the boat until her fingers are cut off. From the severed fingers arise the marine mammals.<\/p><p>The main sources for Sedna are Franz Boas&#8217;s records as well as the extensive materials of the Fifth Thule Expedition under Knud Rasmussen in the 1920s. Both source complexes are valuable, but filtered through the language, the selection, and the interests of the recorders.<\/p><p>A pan-Arctic Sedna is a construction of the external perspective. Every statement should therefore name the respective region and the name common there.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp22aea445 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp22aea445\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp292b3d5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp292b3d5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Descent of the Shaman to the Mistress of the Sea<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2e8a031f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2e8a031f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp26b91245 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp26b91245\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A distinct ritual tradition is bound up with the conception that the mistress of the sea controls access to the marine mammals. When seals, walruses, and whales failed to appear and a community was thus threatened with hunger, this was regarded as a sign that the mistress was angered.<\/p><p>As the cause, violations against taboos were named, for example transgressions at birth, death, or in the treatment of killed animals. According to the conception, the transgressions of the people accumulated as dirt or matting in the hair of the mistress.<\/p><p>In this situation the <em>angakkuq<\/em>, the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious specialist credited with mediating between humans and the world of spirits.\" tabindex=\"0\">shaman<\/span>, sprang into action. From the region around Hudson Bay Knud Rasmussen recorded a detailed account of such a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A fixed, recurring religious act.\" tabindex=\"0\">rite<\/span>.<\/p><p>The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious specialist credited with mediating between humans and the world of spirits.\" tabindex=\"0\">shaman<\/span> sets out in trance on a spirit journey down to the sea floor, having to pass obstacles along the way, for example an abyss, a turning block of ice, or a dog guarding the entrance.<\/p><p>Arriving at the house of the mistress, he combs and orders her hair, since because of her missing fingers she cannot do so herself. In this way he removes the accumulated dirt and the transgressions.<\/p><p>In return, the mistress must release the marine mammals again. On returning from the trance, the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious specialist credited with mediating between humans and the world of spirits.\" tabindex=\"0\">shaman<\/span> frequently called upon those assembled to confess their taboo violations openly.<\/p><p>In religious-studies terms, this <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A fixed, recurring religious act.\" tabindex=\"0\">rite<\/span> combines a cosmological explanation of the failure of the hunt with a social function: it made hidden misconduct public and restored the order among humans, animals, and the mistress of the sea.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literature (Selection)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Knud Rasmussen: <em>Intellectual Culture of the Iglulik Eskimos<\/em> (Report of the Fifth Thule Expedition, vol. VII.1, Copenhagen 1929)<\/span><\/li><li>Franz Boas: <em>The Central Eskimo<\/em> (Washington 1888)<\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Daniel Merkur: <em>Becoming Half Hidden: Shamanism and <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A ritual transition through which someone is admitted into a new status or a community.\" tabindex=\"0\">Initiation<\/span> among the Inuit<\/em> (Stockholm 1985)<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Ann Fienup-Riordan: <em>Boundaries and Passages: Rule and <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An ordered sequence of symbolic actions with religious or cultural meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ritual<\/span> in Yup&#8217;ik Eskimo Oral Tradition<\/em> (Norman 1994)<\/span><\/li><li>Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Laugrand and Jarich Oosten: <em>Inuit Shamanism and Christianity<\/em> (Montreal 2010)<\/li><li>Mircea Eliade: <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A religious system in which specialists commune with the world of spirits.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shamanism<\/span> and Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy<\/em> (Stuttgart 1957)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw-add-sedna e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw-add-sedna\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw-add-sedna-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw-add-sedna-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the Inuit <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of the gods of a religion or culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">pantheon<\/span> Sedna is regarded as the <em>guardian<\/em> of the sea animals: according to traditional conception, seals, whales, and fish emerge from her body and stand under her control.<\/p><p>If the community violates the rules of hunting and purity, the guardian withholds the animals, and the <em>angakkoq<\/em> must descend to her in trance in order to comb her hair and thus reopen the hunting grounds.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Related key terms: Sedna Nuliajuk Takannakapsaluk Angakkuq Iglulik Mistress of the Sea Mistress of the Seals Pittailiniq.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-sedna\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard and Protective Traditions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard ties in with the cultural-historical tradition of wearable protective objects, in the tradition of the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/inuit-and-the-arctic-sedna-tornit-and-protective-practice\/\">Inuit<\/a> and many other cultures worldwide. 41 layers, solid gold, platinum, silver, manufactured in Germany. 30-day right of return.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/about-iwell-guard-the-protective-pendant-in-detail\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">More about the iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">More about the iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Personal experiences may vary. Not a medical device. No promise of healing.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-sedna-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-sedna-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard is <strong>not a medical device<\/strong> and does not replace any medical or psychotherapeutic treatment. The religious-studies content is a cultural-historical classification, not a recommendation for spiritual practice.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sedna: Mistress and Guardian of the Animals in the Inuit Pantheon Sedna, known in the polar Inuit tradition under numerous names such as Nuliajuk, Takannakapsaluk, or Arnakuagsak, is regarded as mistress of the sea animals and ranks among the most densely documented figures in the religious history of the circumpolar region. Knud Rasmussen&#8217;s records from [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6456,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Sedna Inuit sea goddess","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Sedna: Inuit Mistress of the Sea, Myth and Cult","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Sedna is regarded as mistress of the sea animals in the Inuit pantheon. A religious-studies analysis: myth, shamanic practice, sources.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[93],"class_list":["post-6455","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spirits"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Sedna: Inuit Mistress of the Sea, Myth and Cult<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sedna is regarded as mistress of the sea animals in the Inuit pantheon. 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