{"id":5922,"date":"2026-05-13T20:26:10","date_gmt":"2026-05-13T20:26:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hebat-hurrian-supreme-goddess\/"},"modified":"2026-06-04T09:32:46","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T09:32:46","slug":"hebat-hurrian-supreme-goddess","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hebat-hurrian-supreme-goddess\/","title":{"rendered":"Hebat: Hurrian Supreme Goddess"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5922\" class=\"elementor elementor-5922 elementor-2619 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hebat, Hurrian Supreme Goddess and Consort of Teshub<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat is the highest female <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A being venerated as divine within a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">deity<\/span> of the Hurrian <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of the gods of a religion or culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">pantheon<\/span> and consort of the weather god <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/teshub-hurrian-weather-god\/\">Teshub<\/a>. In the Hittite imperial pantheon she was identified with the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/arinna-sun-goddess-of-arinna\/\">Sun Goddess of Arinna<\/a> and was regarded as a royal protective goddess. Queen Pudu\u1e2bepa, herself a priestess of Hebat, made her the goddess of the realm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Goddess of the Hittite tradition.\">Goddess<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hittite-anatolian-tarhunna-thousands-of-gods-and-protective-practice\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mythology of the Hittite tradition.\">Hittite<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Supreme deity.\">Supreme deity<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-hebat-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-hebat-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-hebat-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hethitisch_hebat-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5923\" alt=\"Hebat - Gods from the Hittite tradition, historical-illustrative\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hethitisch_hebat-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hethitisch_hebat-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hethitisch_hebat-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hethitisch_hebat.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Classification and Brief Profile<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat (sometimes also written \u1e2aebat, Hepat or \u1e2aepatu) is the highest female <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A being venerated as divine within a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">deity<\/span> of the Hurrian pantheon. In <em>Geschichte der hethitischen <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic discipline that studies religions comparatively and without confessional commitment.\" tabindex=\"0\">Religion<\/span><\/em> (1994), Volkert Haas showed that she was originally the city goddess of Aleppo and rose over the course of the 2nd millennium BC to become the Hurrian-Syrian goddess of the realm.<\/p><p>In Hittite imperial religion from the 14th century BC onward she is the female pole of the imperial divine order.<\/p><p>In terms of religious history she is a protective goddess of kingship, a guarantor of the dynasty and of the treaty order. Queen Pudu\u1e2bepa, the consort of \u1e2aattu\u0161ili III, was originally a priestess of Hebat in Kizzuwatna; she made the Hebat <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of religious acts of veneration for a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> the official protective cult of kingship.<\/p><p>In <em>Life and Society in the Hittite World<\/em> (2002), Trevor Bryce described this political-religious configuration in detail. This &#8216;Hurrianization&#8217; of the Hittite pantheon in the 13th century BC is among the best-documented processes in the religious history of the Old Near Eastern Late <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A prehistoric era in which bronze was the most important metal for tools.\" tabindex=\"0\">Bronze Age<\/span>.<\/p><p>Hebat&#8217;s function encompasses the protection of kingship, the protection of pregnancy, healing and family order. She is the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic study of God and the doctrines of a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">theological<\/span> center of a Hurrian family triad with <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/teshub-hurrian-weather-god\/\">Teshub<\/a> and <a href=\"\/en\/sarruma-hurrian-mountain-god-and-protector-of-kings\/\">Sarruma<\/a>.<\/p><p>Within the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hittite-anatolian-tarhunna-thousands-of-gods-and-protective-practice\/\">Hittite tradition<\/a> she thus occupies a position comparable to <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/arinna-sun-goddess-of-arinna\/\">Arinna<\/a>, with whom she was officially identified; the theological merging of two female supreme goddesses is a remarkable process.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Name and Etymology<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The name Hebat is Syrian-Amorite and pre-Hurrian. An etymology is not definitively established; one plausible interpretation connects it with the Semitic <em>\u1e2bbb<\/em> &#8216;to love&#8217; or with the Hurrian <em>\u1e2bib-<\/em> &#8216;fresh, young&#8217;. In the cuneiform texts she appears as <em>\u1e2ae-pa-at<\/em>, <em>\u1e2ae-bat<\/em>, occasionally logographically as DGA\u0160AN (&#8216;Lady&#8217;).<\/p><p>In Akkadian she is identified with I\u0161tar, in Hittite with the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/arinna-sun-goddess-of-arinna\/\">Sun Goddess of Arinna<\/a>.<\/p><p>This multiple identification is explicitly addressed in the famous Pudu\u1e2bepa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The verbal turning of a human being toward a deity.\" tabindex=\"0\">prayer<\/span>: &#8216;In \u1e2aatti you have given yourself the name Sun Goddess of Arinna; in the land that you created as the Land of the Cedar, you have given yourself the name Hebat.&#8217; Itamar Singer commented on this passage at length in <em>Hittite Prayers<\/em> (2002).<\/p><p>In West Semitic the name appears as \u1e2aebat in Ugarit and as \u1e2aipat in Amorite personal names; the goddess was thus venerated widely and across vast areas. In <em>Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia<\/em> (2009), Piotr Taracha documented her diffusion in detail.<\/p><p>In Mari she appears as \u1e2aebat in god lists of the 18th century BC; in Alala\u1e2b and Nuzi (15th century) she is attested as an important goddess of the pantheon.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Description and Iconography<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat appears as an enthroned or striding goddess in a long pleated robe, with a tall polos crown and a sun disk as her attribute.<\/p><p>In Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya Chamber A she stands at the center of the female divine <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A solemn religious procession.\" tabindex=\"0\">procession<\/span>, facing <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/teshub-hurrian-weather-god\/\">Teshub<\/a>, standing on a leopard or a mountain. Beside her stands her son <a href=\"\/en\/sarruma-hurrian-mountain-god-and-protector-of-kings\/\">Sarruma<\/a>, likewise on a leopard.<\/p><p>Her <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belonging to the divine and thereby withdrawn from everyday use.\" tabindex=\"0\">sacred<\/span> animal is the leopard or panther, in some depictions also the lion. This animal <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The study of pictorial content and its meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconography<\/span> links her with Old Syrian mother goddesses and distinguishes her from the Mesopotamian I\u0161tar, whose animal is the lion. In <em>Materia Magica et Medica Hethitica<\/em> (2003), Volkert Haas described the iconographic <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span> in detail.<\/p><p>In Karkami\u0161 and other Late Hittite sites Hebat appears on reliefs as an enthroned queen; her iconography became, in the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prehistoric epoch after the Bronze Age, shaped by ironworking.\" tabindex=\"0\">Iron Age<\/span>, a supra-regional Syrian-Anatolian pictorial tradition.<\/p><p>On royal seals from \u1e2aattu\u0161a she frequently appears with her animals as the protectress of the queen. Bronze figurines of an enthroned goddess with a polos crown from \u1e2aattu\u0161a and \u0160amu\u1e2ba are mostly identified as Hebat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mythological Narratives<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat recedes somewhat in the great myths of the Kumarbi cycle; in the &#8216;Song of Ullikummi&#8217; (CTH 345) she is the anxious mother who wants to bring her son <a href=\"\/en\/sarruma-hurrian-mountain-god-and-protector-of-kings\/\">Sarruma<\/a> to safety when the stone giant threatens to conquer the heavens. Her emotional intervention contrasts with the heroic activity of Teshub.<\/p><p>In the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An ordered sequence of symbolic acts with religious or cultural meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> of the &#8216;Vanishing Sun God&#8217; (CTH 323) she appears as a healing and calming goddess, parallel to Kamru\u0161epa and the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/arinna-sun-goddess-of-arinna\/\">Sun Goddess<\/a>.<\/p><p>Her mythical role is on the whole less heroic than advisory, protective, ordering. In a fragmentary Hurrian <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span>, the &#8216;Song of Release&#8217; (CTH 789), she appears as a mediator between Teshub and the inhabitants of Ebla.<\/p><p>In the Pudu\u1e2bepa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The verbal turning of a human being toward a deity.\" tabindex=\"0\">prayer<\/span> (CTH 384) she appears as the personal protective goddess of the queen, whose voice addresses the goddess directly and, with theological argumentation, asks for the king&#8217;s healing.<\/p><p>Itamar Singer translated and commented on the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The verbal turning of a human being toward a deity.\" tabindex=\"0\">prayer<\/span> in <em>Hittite Prayers<\/em> (2002); it is among the literarily and theologically outstanding texts of Hittite religion. The queen speaks to the goddess as to a familiar patroness and appeals to their shared priestly past in Kizzuwatna.<\/p><p>In the Hurrian festival texts Hebat additionally appears accompanied by her daughters Allanzu and Kunzi\u0161alli, who are regarded as protective goddesses of the queen. They perform ritual dances and present Hebat with <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An offering to a deity to express gratitude, petition, or veneration.\" tabindex=\"0\">offerings<\/span> from the hands of the queen.<\/p><p>These festival songs, composed in the Hurrian language, are among the most important linguistic testimonies of Hurrian in general and were published in the edition by Volkert Haas and Ilse Wegner.<\/p><p>In the &#8216;Songs of Release&#8217; (CTH 789) too, a bilingual Hurrian-Hittite narrative collection, Hebat appears as the consort of Teshub and as the mother of Sarruma in an advisory role.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cult and Veneration<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat&#8217;s main cult lay in Kizzuwatna, a region of Hurrian character in southeastern Anatolia (today the \u00c7ukurova plain). Her most important <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sacred place dedicated to the veneration of a deity.\" tabindex=\"0\">sanctuary<\/span> was in the city of Kummanni (presumably today Comana Cappadociae near \u015ear). In addition she was venerated in Aleppo, in \u0160amu\u1e2ba and at numerous smaller sites.<\/p><p>In the Hittite imperial cult she received a central position through Pudu\u1e2bepa. Queen Pudu\u1e2bepa imported Hurrian rituals, Hurrian priests and Hurrian cult objects into \u1e2aattu\u0161a and established an official Hebat <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of religious acts of veneration for a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> at the highest imperial level.<\/p><p>Itamar Singer and Volkert Haas have studied this process of Hurrianization of the Hittite pantheon in the 13th century BC in detail.<\/p><p>The most important Hebat festival was the <em>itkalzi<\/em> purification ritual and the great spring festival. The priestly organization comprised Hurrian priests (<em>kaluti<\/em>), female singers and female dancers.<\/p><p>Hebat was also a protective goddess of pregnant women; her <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The supplicating or invoking address to a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocation<\/span> in birth rituals is well attested. In the Hurrian <em>itkahi<\/em> oath rituals her name was <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address to a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invoked<\/span> together with that of her consort Teshub and her son Sarruma in the divine triad.<\/p><p>A special cultic role was held by Hebat in the Late Hittite city-states of Karkami\u0161, Mara\u015f and Aleppo of the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prehistoric epoch after the Bronze Age, shaped by ironworking.\" tabindex=\"0\">Iron Age<\/span>. Hieroglyphic Luwian royal inscriptions of the 10th and 9th centuries BC name Hebat as a royal protective goddess and guarantor of oaths.<\/p><p>The continuity of Hurrian religion in these &#8216;Neo-Hittite&#8217; city-states is a key witness to the religious-historical persistence of Old Anatolian traditions beyond the end of the Bronze Age.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Protective Practice and the Apotropaic<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat was the protective goddess of the queen, of the pregnant woman, of the family and of the dynasty. In pregnancy rituals she was invoked together with the &#8216;fate goddesses&#8217; (Gul\u0161e\u0161) and with the Hattic mother goddess \u1e2aanna\u1e2banna.<\/p><p>In <em>Materia Magica et Medica Hethitica<\/em> (2003), Volkert Haas edited numerous birth rituals in which Hebat appears as protectress. In difficult births, in infant illnesses and in cases of sterility she was asked for help.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Averting harm: of signs and objects meant to keep harmful influences away.\" tabindex=\"0\">Apotropaically<\/span>, Hebat statuettes were set up in houses; in the Hurrian oath rituals her name was invoked together with that of her consort Teshub.<\/p><p>The <em>itkahi<\/em> oath <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A solemn act carried out according to fixed rules.\" tabindex=\"0\">ceremony<\/span> linked her name with those of Teshub and Sarruma in a divine triad. On the royal seals of Tud\u1e2baliya IV and of Pudu\u1e2bepa the Hurrian triad appears as a protective figure above the royal name.<\/p><p>From a religious-studies perspective, Hebat&#8217;s protective function is strongly oriented toward family and dynasty; she is not primarily an individual protective goddess, but in contexts of birth and healing she was also invoked privately. The iWell Guard regards Hebat as a historical, religious-historical figure and refrains from references to modern healing promises.<\/p><p>In Hittite <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A linguistic ritual intended to summon or bind a power.\" tabindex=\"0\">incantation<\/span> texts of the &#8216;Old Woman&#8217; Hebat is frequently invoked as &#8216;the Queen&#8217;, often in connection with the \u0160au\u0161ga of \u0160amu\u1e2ba and the Sun Goddess of the Earth. This triad of female deities forms the backbone of Hurrian-Hittite women&#8217;s protective ritual practice.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Parallels in Other Cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat is closely related to the Akkadian I\u0161tar and the Northwest Semitic A\u0161tarte; in her function as a royal protective goddess she resembles the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/arinna-sun-goddess-of-arinna\/\">Sun Goddess of Arinna<\/a>. In the Ugaritic <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of the gods of a religion or culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">pantheon<\/span> she corresponds to Athirat (A\u0161erah), the wife of El, with whom she shares the function of mother of the gods.<\/p><p>In terms of religious history, Hebat is an example of the Mediterranean tradition of the supreme goddess of the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prehistoric epoch in which bronze was the most important metal for tools.\" tabindex=\"0\">Bronze Age<\/span>, which in the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prehistoric epoch after the Bronze Age, shaped by ironworking.\" tabindex=\"0\">Iron Age<\/span> was differentiated into numerous local goddesses.<\/p><p>In the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/phoenicians-and-carthage-baal-tanit-and-the-tradition-of-protection\/\">Phoenician pantheon<\/a> too there are, with <a href=\"\/en\/tanit-chief-goddess-of-carthage\/\">Tanit<\/a> and <a href=\"\/en\/astarte-phoenician-goddess\/\">Astarte<\/a>, goddesses of similar function, though in a markedly different mythological configuration.<\/p><p>The Greek Hera, the consort of Zeus, has parallels to Hebat in her function as a goddess of kingship; a direct religious-historical dependence is, however, not demonstrable.<\/p><p>In <em>From Hittite to Homer<\/em> (2016), Mary Bachvarova pointed to structural correspondences without postulating a genealogical line. In the later Carthaginian religion with <a href=\"\/en\/tanit-chief-goddess-of-carthage\/\">Tanit<\/a>, the type of the female goddess of the realm continues in the western Mediterranean.<\/p><p>The interweaving of Hebat with local Anatolian mother goddesses such as \u1e2aanna\u1e2banna and with the Hattic city goddesses is the subject of more recent research by Petra Goedegebuure and Magdalena Kape\u0142u\u015b, who have studied the priestly organizations in Sapinuwa and Ku\u0161\u0161ara in detail.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Present-Day Reception and Research<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hebat research is today well developed; important contributions have been made by Volkert Haas, Itamar Singer, Piotr Taracha and Gary Beckman. Singer&#8217;s edition of the Pudu\u1e2bepa prayer is the standard reference.<\/p><p>In <em>From Hittite to Homer<\/em> (2016), Bachvarova took up the Greek parallels. Current archaeological research at Late Hittite sites in Karkami\u0161, Mara\u015f and Aleppo expands the picture of Iron Age Hebat veneration.<\/p><p>In modern Turkey Hebat is scarcely received in popular culture; in scholarly discussion she is an important example of Hurrian religion and of the royal protective-goddess tradition of the Late Bronze Age. A spiritual revival in the neo-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Synonymous with heathen; belonging to a pre-Christian religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">pagan<\/span> sense is absent; Hurrian religion is too foreign and too mythologically complex for modern forms of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The lived religious attitude and practice of a person.\" tabindex=\"0\">piety<\/span>.<\/p><p>In <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The discipline that studies religions comparatively and without confessional commitment.\" tabindex=\"0\">religious studies<\/span> she is today regarded as a central object of study for Hurrian-Hittite religious dynamics. The iWell Guard records her as a historical figure and not as a present-day addressee of protection.<\/p><p>Current research focuses on the precise identification of her city Kummanni, on the relationship to the &#8216;fate goddesses&#8217; tradition and on the comparative study of female supreme goddesses in the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epoch of Greek and Roman culture, roughly 800 BC to 600 AD.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ancient<\/span> Near East.<\/p><p>A particular research question is the identification of Hebat with the later Carthaginian <a href=\"\/en\/tanit-chief-goddess-of-carthage\/\">Tanit<\/a> or with the Greek Hera. The religious-historical discussion in Corinne Bonnet and others shows that such equations are tenable only functionally, not genealogically.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literature and Sources<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The following selection brings together the most important standard works on Hebat research. It encompasses editions, translations and religious-historical syntheses that open up the material for deeper engagement.<\/p><p>Itamar Singer&#8217;s <em>Hittite Prayers<\/em> is the first entry point as a collection of primary sources; Volkert Haas&#8217; <em>Geschichte<\/em> offers the contextual embedding; Bachvarova&#8217;s work the comparative perspective. Anyone who wishes to take up the Hurrian festival texts will find in Volkert Haas and Ilse Wegner the most important editions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp28f4ae1b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp28f4ae1b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2c562894 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2c562894\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hebat in the Hittite State Cult and the Relief Procession of Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp274b510d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp274b510d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2f929e3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2f929e3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The most impressive evidence for the standing of the goddess <em>Hebat<\/em> in the Hittite realm is the rock sanctuary of Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya near the capital Hattu\u0161a in present-day central Anatolia.<\/p><p>In an open rock chamber two divine processions move toward each other in a long <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A representation worked out from a surface in raised, sculpted form.\" tabindex=\"0\">relief<\/span>. At the central point the weather god <em>Te\u0161\u0161ub<\/em> and, facing him, Hebat come together, she standing on a panther or lion, behind her her son <a href=\"\/en\/sarruma-hurrian-mountain-god-and-protector-of-kings\/\">\u0160arruma<\/a>.<\/p><p>The reliefs are usually dated to the second half of the 13th century BC, to the time of the kings Tudhalija IV and his circle.<\/p><p>They show that Hebat was not a marginal figure in the imperial pantheon of the late Hittite period, but stood at a central place as the consort of the supreme weather god.<\/p><p>This is all the more remarkable because Hebat is originally not a Hittite but a Hurrian goddess, whose <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of religious acts of veneration for a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> derives above all from the North Syrian region, in particular from Aleppo.<\/p><p>She owes her rise in part to Queen Puduhepa, the consort of Hattu\u0161ili III. Puduhepa came from a priestly family of the South Anatolian city of Lawazantija and promoted Hurrian cults.<\/p><p>In her prayers she equates the Hittite Sun Goddess of Arinna with Hebat, a classic case of theological merging that shows how political marriage alliances changed the world of the gods. Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya has been researched since the 19th century; important interpretive work was provided, among others, by Kurt Bittel and later Volkert Haas.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2736ce44 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2736ce44\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2e1e3122 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2e1e3122\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hebat in the Ritual Texts and the Language of the Hurrian Prayers<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2f3750bc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2f3750bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp20f9a8e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp20f9a8e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Beyond the pictorial work, Hebat is attested in numerous cuneiform texts from the archives of Hattu\u0161a. The clay tablets have been recovered since the German excavations from 1906 under Hugo Winckler and are published in edition series such as the <em>Keilschrifturkunden aus Boghazk\u00f6i<\/em>.<\/p><p>Hebat appears in festival rituals, in <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The concrete object or food offered to a deity.\" tabindex=\"0\">offering<\/span> lists and in prayers, often in fixed sequence with Te\u0161\u0161ub and \u0160arruma as a kind of divine family.<\/p><p>It is linguistically interesting that many of these texts contain Hurrian passages, in part entire Hurrian hymns that were written down in Hittite cuneiform.<\/p><p>Hurrian is an isolated language whose grammar was only gradually opened up over the course of the 20th century, decisively through the works of Emmanuel Laroche and later Ilse Wegner and Gernot Wilhelm.<\/p><p>Hebat&#8217;s name itself, in Hittite spelling mostly <em>\u1e2aepat<\/em>, belongs to this Hurrian stratum; attempts to interpret it, for instance as a connection to a place name, remain uncertain.<\/p><p>The ritual texts further show that Hebat was not only venerated theologically but was practically integrated into the festival calendar. At great imperial festivals she received her own <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A gift to a deity to express thanks, request or veneration.\" tabindex=\"0\">offerings<\/span>, her statue was moved, food and drink were presented to her.<\/p><p>This sober ritual bureaucracy is more valuable to research than any narrative <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span>, because it shows how an originally foreign goddess was anchored organizationally and financially within the Hittite state.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literature (Selection)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li>Volkert Haas: <em>Geschichte der hethitischen Religion<\/em> (Leiden 1994)<\/li><li>Itamar Singer: <em>Hittite Prayers<\/em> (SBL 2002)<\/li><li>Piotr Taracha: <em>Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia<\/em> (Wiesbaden 2009)<\/li><li>Gary Beckman: <em>Hittite Myths<\/em> (SBL 1998)<\/li><li>Volkert Haas: <em>Materia Magica et Medica Hethitica<\/em> (Berlin 2003)<\/li><li>Trevor Bryce: <em>Life and Society in the Hittite World<\/em> (Oxford 2002)<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hebat e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hebat\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hebat-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hebat-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The written <em>sources<\/em> on Hebat range from Hurrian ritual tablets to Hittite state treaties, in which she is invoked as a supreme goddess alongside Teshub as guarantor of the royal oaths.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Related key terms: Hebat Hurrians supreme goddess Pudu\u1e2bepa Kizzuwatna Kummanni Sun Goddess.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-hebat\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard and Protective Traditions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard ties in with the cultural-historical tradition of portable protective objects, in the tradition of <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hittite-anatolian-tarhunna-thousands-of-gods-and-protective-practice\/\">Hittite<\/a> and many other cultures worldwide. 41 layers, solid gold, platinum, silver, manufactured in Germany. 30-day right of return.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/about-iwell-guard-the-protective-pendant-in-detail\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">More about the iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">More about the iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Personal experiences may vary. Not a medical device. No healing promise.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-hebat-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-hebat-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard is <strong>not a medical device<\/strong> and does not replace medical or psychotherapeutic treatment. The religious-studies content is cultural-historical classification, not a recommendation for spiritual practice.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hebat, Hurrian Supreme Goddess and Consort of Teshub Hebat is the highest female deity of the Hurrian pantheon and consort of the weather god Teshub. In the Hittite imperial pantheon she was identified with the Sun Goddess of Arinna and was regarded as a royal protective goddess. Queen Pudu\u1e2bepa, herself a priestess of Hebat, made [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5923,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Hebat Hurrian goddess","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Hebat: Hurrian Supreme Goddess, Myth, Sources","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Hebat, consort of Teshub, was the highest Hurrian goddess and identified with the Sun Goddess of Arinna. A religious-studies classification.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"class_list":["post-5922","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gods"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hebat: Hurrian Supreme Goddess, Myth, Sources<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hebat, consort of Teshub, was the highest Hurrian goddess and identified with the Sun Goddess of Arinna. 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