{"id":5412,"date":"2026-04-27T10:37:27","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T10:37:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/uriel\/"},"modified":"2026-06-05T14:40:47","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T14:40:47","slug":"uriel","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/uriel\/","title":{"rendered":"Uriel"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5412\" class=\"elementor elementor-5412 elementor-2139 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uriel, God of the Jewish Tradition<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uriel is the archangel figure of the Jewish <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span>, an embodiment of divine fire and righteous judgment. His significance for <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The discipline that studies religions comparatively and without confessional commitment.\" tabindex=\"0\">religious studies<\/span> lies in the representation of God&#8217;s wrath, the eschatological execution of judgment, and in <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Religious current focused on direct experience of God; central in the Jewish, Christian and Islamic traditions.\">mysticism<\/span> and <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The scholarly doctrine of God and of the faith of a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">theology<\/span> as a fire <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> and throne guardian of the Most High.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Light beings: enlightened, protective or teaching beings, archangels, ascended masters, beings of light from nature. Described as helpers and teachers in modern and older spiritual traditions.\">Light being<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/islam\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"The Islamic world of belief with archangels, jinn and religious beings.\">Islam<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Archangels, the highest class of angels in the Jewish, Christian and Islamic traditions.\">Archangel<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_judentum_uriel-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5413\" alt=\"Uriel - Gods from the Jewish tradition, historical-illustrative\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_judentum_uriel-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_judentum_uriel-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_judentum_uriel-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_judentum_uriel.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uriel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uriel functions as a fire <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> and executor of judgment. His attributes include wrath, wisdom and unrelenting justice.<\/p><p>Central myths are: the warning of Noah before the Flood (1 Enoch 20:2), the expulsion of Adam from Paradise (Pirke de-Rabbi Eliezer), the eschatological destruction of the wicked (Apocalypse), and Kabbalistic-mystical roles as the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> of contemplation and of the fire throne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">At a Glance: Uriel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uriel derives mainly from <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Standing outside the recognized canon.\" tabindex=\"0\">apocryphal<\/span> sources: 1 Enoch (20:2, 21:5, 6, Hebrew, 150 BC), Pirke de-Rabbi Eliezer (10th century, Hebrew), and Kabbalistic writings (Sefer ha-Bahir, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Principal work of medieval Jewish mysticism (Spain, 13th c.); kabbalistic Torah interpretation.\" tabindex=\"0\">Zohar<\/span>).<\/p><p>The biblical mention is marginal (Ezra 4:1 Septuagint). The state of research (Scholem, Bietenhard, Karppe) shows Uriel as an apocryphal new development of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Transitional era between antiquity and the Middle Ages, roughly the 3rd to 7th century.\" tabindex=\"0\">late antiquity<\/span>, not as biblically original.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Classification<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Period of the Texts<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The continuity of the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span> across these long spans of time is remarkable and shows a deep, stable cultural rootedness. Even in modern times the memory and sometimes also active veneration remain alive, sometimes transformed, yet still recognizable in its basic outlines.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Area of Distribution<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uriel was not confined to a particular region or set of locations, but was known and venerated, or respectfully feared, universally throughout the world of Judaism.<\/p><p>Uriel&#8217;s reception remained largely a matter of textual scholarship. His name rests on apocalyptic writings such as the Enoch literature and the Fourth Book of Ezra, texts read in priestly and learned circles of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epoch of Greek and Roman culture, roughly 800 BC to 600 AD.\" tabindex=\"0\">ancient<\/span> Judaism and later preserved chiefly by Eastern churches, above all in Ethiopia, where Enoch remained <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belonging to the authoritatively recognized body of scriptures of a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">canonical<\/span>. In the Western church his standing was contested: a synod under Pope Zachary in 745 rejected the veneration of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angels<\/span> not named in Scripture, which kept Uriel out of official Latin <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The fixed order of worship of a religious community.\" tabindex=\"0\">liturgy<\/span>. He persisted instead in Ethiopian and other Eastern traditions, in <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Collective term for teachings that claim a hidden knowledge accessible only to initiates.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoteric<\/span> literature, and in occasional artistic depictions.<\/p><p>This points clearly to a central role in the self-understanding of the whole people. Trade, migration and cultural exchange contributed to the geographical spread and to the stable uniformity of the veneration.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">State of the Sources<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Primary sources are 1 Enoch 20:2, 3 (Hebrew, 150 BC, &#8220;God is my fire&#8221;), 3 Enoch \/ Sefer Hekhalot (Hebrew, 5th to 6th century), Pirke de-Rabbi Eliezer 13 (10th century), as well as Kabbalistic material (Sefer ha-Bahir, 12th century; Zohar Bereishit, 13th century). On the secondary level, Scholem (Jewish Mysticism, 1941), Bietenhard (Angelologie, 1949), Karppe and McLeod (Judeo-Islamic Angelology) analyzed Uriel&#8217;s development as a late development of the Jewish archangel <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The collection of sacred scriptures recognised as binding by a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">canon<\/span> with Persian-Zoroastrian influence.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Name<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uriel is depicted in the various sources and artistic traditions with certain recurring iconographic elements that remain relatively constant across decades and across different geographical regions.<\/p><p>These elements are not purely decorative or chosen at random, but are deeply coded with symbolism and carry great meaning. They convey, in a central way, the functions, sources of power, sphere of responsibility and cosmic role of the being.<\/p><p>The whole system is like a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belonging to the divine and thereby withdrawn from everyday use.\" tabindex=\"0\">sacred<\/span> text or a coded image: it allows the initiated or the culturally educated to grasp and correctly understand the essential deeper meaning. Colors, sacred objects or weapons, physical attributes, specific accessories, all of it is significant and handed down by tradition.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Characteristics<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uriel was central to the religious practice, the everyday rituals and the daily understanding of Judaism. In critical or particular life situations or at certain <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An ordered sequence of symbolic actions with religious or cultural meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> times of the year, people turned to this entity with structured, often elaborate rituals, prayers or <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An offering to a deity to express gratitude, petition, or veneration.\" tabindex=\"0\">offerings<\/span>.<\/p><p>Dealing with Uriel was bound to scribal tradition: the Enoch literature and the Fourth Book of Ezra arose in priestly and apocalyptic circles of ancient Judaism that carefully ordered the names and functions of angels. Whoever <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address to a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invoked<\/span> Uriel or wrote about him moved within this regulated framework, not in free invention.<\/p><p>That these practices were handed down across so many generations shows how effective and necessary people considered them. Their functions ranged from prevention, which was meant to ward off looming misfortune, through healing in illness and suffering, to accompaniment through the transitions between stages of life.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profile: Uriel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The profile captures Uriel across six dimensions: his origin in apocryphal traditions of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Transitional era between antiquity and the Middle Ages, roughly the 3rd to 7th century.\" tabindex=\"0\">late antiquity<\/span>, his target audience among pious and mystical Jews, iconographic fire features, his function as an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> of judgment, comparisons with parallel cultural <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A spiritual being to which harmful or ambivalent effect is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">demons<\/span> of judgment, and his Kabbalistic-mystical role as a focus of contemplation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cultural Context<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uriel stems from apocryphal <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Transitional era between antiquity and the Middle Ages, roughly the 3rd to 7th century.\" tabindex=\"0\">late antiquity<\/span>, specifically the Hellenistic period (1st to 2nd century BC, Enochic literature). The geographical origin lies in Judea and Babylonia (exile traditions).<\/p><p>The first mention dates to 150 BC in 1 Enoch. The development is more mystical and literary than biblically original. Later Kabbalistic fixation took place in the 12th to 13th century.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related To<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uriel was directed primarily at pious Jews with an interest in eschatology and mystical knowledge. The social target audience consists of priests, mystics, Kabbalists, apocalyptists and Gnostics.<\/p><p>The occasions are times of oppression, persecution, hope for judgment over enemies and the mystical internalization of justice. The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address to a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocation<\/span> takes place in dark night, in mourning rituals and mystical visions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Appearance<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uriel iconographically: a male figure with fire attributes, glowing wings, a sword in flames or a lightning staff. The colors are red, gold, orange (fire). In Jewish-mystical depictions Uriel wears a diadem, armor and a fire crown.<\/p><p>The attributes are flame, sword, scales, sometimes a book of judgment. The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The study of pictorial content and its meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconography<\/span> refers to prophets such as Elijah (ascent to heaven in fire) and eschatological scenes of destruction.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sphere of Influence<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Sphere of Influence:<\/strong><p>Uriel (\u016ar\u012b\u02be\u0113l, &#8220;God is my light&#8221;) is an archangel who appears mainly in apocryphal texts: 4 Esra, 1 Enoch, the Secret Book of John.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Means of Protection<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uriel was regarded as a stern, righteous protective <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> with feared power. The practices of invocation included prayers for divine protection and righteous judgment over persecutors.<\/p><p>In the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Jewish mysticism with principal works Sefer Yetzirah, Zohar and the Lurianic school; doctrine of the Sephirot, the Tetragrammaton and Tikkun.\">Kabbalah<\/span>, meditative contemplations on Uriel&#8217;s fire were practiced (Yichudim) in order to attain mystical knowledge and purification. Respect for Uriel was expressed in awe of his unrelenting nature and in pleas for mercy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uriel's Parallels<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Comparable figures: Michael (warrior angel, vanquisher of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A spiritual being to which harmful or ambivalent influence is ascribed.\" tabindex=\"0\">demons<\/span>, strength in the Kabbalah), Raguel (justice, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Jewish mysticism with principal works Sefer Yetzirah, Zohar and the Lurianic school.\">Kabbalah<\/span>), Chamuel (God&#8217;s severity). Outside Judaism: Raguel in Islam (no direct equivalent), the Christian Uriel (medieval angelology), the Zoroastrian fire Yazata of Ahura Mazda (heavenly fire).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Warding Off in Everyday Life<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Contemplative practices for enlightenment<\/strong><\/p><p>Uriel is not invoked directly, but called upon through contemplative meditation.<\/p><p><strong>Apocalyptic revelations and interpretation<\/strong><\/p><p>In 4 Esra, Uriel reveals hidden secrets to the seer about <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The conception of the structure and order of the world within a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">cosmology<\/span> and the end of the world.<\/p><p><strong>Protective <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A worn object to which a protective, misfortune-averting effect is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">amulets<\/span> and symbols of knowledge<\/strong><\/p><p>Uriel&#8217;s central <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sign that stands in place of an idea or meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> is fire or the flame, a sign of the divine presence and of purification.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uriel, Parallels in Other Cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><p><strong>Jewish tradition:<\/strong> Uriel is one of four principal archangels (with Michael, Gabriel, Raguel or Tzaphkiel). Parallels are Chamuel (God&#8217;s severity, often identified with Uriel), Raguel (cosmic justice). In Sefer ha-Bahir and the Zohar, Uriel is the throne guardian of the Sephira Chokmah (wisdom), primary fire.<\/p><p><strong>Greco-Roman world:<\/strong> No direct parallels in <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The era of Greek and Roman culture, roughly 800 BCE to 600 CE.\" tabindex=\"0\">classical<\/span> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of the transmitted tales of gods of a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span>. Distantly related: Helios or Hyperion (fire gods), the Erinyes (demons of judgment), or Hephaestus (god of fire, punishment). Uriel shares the function of judgment with the Erinyes.<\/p><p><strong>Mesopotamia:<\/strong> Mesopotamian equivalent: Shamash (sun god, judgment and justice, Akkadian). The fire <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The study of pictorial content and its meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconography<\/span> and the role of judgment connect Uriel and Shamash. Adad too (weather god, punishment) carries a similar functionality.<\/p><p><strong>India \/ Asia:<\/strong> Indian counterpart: Agni (fire god, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A gift to a deity in order to express thanks, request or veneration.\" tabindex=\"0\">sacrifice<\/span> and purification, Hindu). Uriel and Agni share the embodiment of fire and the function of mystical purification. Buddhist parallel: a fire god in the combating of demons.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf7d8b5f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpf7d8b5f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1f05cca elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp1f05cca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uriel in the Apocryphal Literature<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpafe423c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpafe423c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd429e51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpd429e51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Unlike Michael and Gabriel, Uriel is not named in the Hebrew <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The collection of sacred scriptures recognized as binding by a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">canon<\/span> of the Bible. He owes his significance almost entirely to extra-canonical literature, above all the apocalyptic literature of ancient Judaism. The most important text is the <em>Ethiopic Book of Enoch<\/em>, in which Uriel appears as one of the leading <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angels<\/span>.<\/p><p>There it is Uriel who guides Enoch through the cosmic world and explains to him the secrets of the celestial bodies, the seasons and the calendar. In the so-called Astronomical Book of Enoch, Uriel is expressly the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> set over the lights of heaven.<\/p><p>Uriel also plays a central role in the <em>Fourth Book of Esra<\/em>, a Jewish apocalypse from the first century after the turn of the era.<\/p><p>There he is the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> who answers the seer Esra, responding to his questions about the justice of God and the meaning of suffering with counter-questions and parables. Uriel appears here as the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> who reveals the limits of human knowledge.<\/p><p>The name also appears in the <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The verbal turning of a person toward a deity.\" tabindex=\"0\">Prayer<\/span> of Joseph<\/em> and in some Qumran texts. Scholarship, for example the work on Jewish angelology by Michael Mach, therefore assigns Uriel to the group of four or seven archangels whose names and functions took shape in the period of the Second <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A structure that serves the veneration of one or more deities.\" tabindex=\"0\">Temple<\/span>.<\/p><p>That Uriel is not a biblical <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> in the narrower sense, but a creation of the apocalyptic literature, is decisive for his classification.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1529cdc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp1529cdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5feec75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp5feec75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Light of God: Name and Function<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp861d5a0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp861d5a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp82ccfb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp82ccfb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The name Uriel is usually interpreted as &#8220;Light of God&#8221; or &#8220;Fire of God&#8221;. The Hebrew element <em>ur<\/em> means light or flame, the element <em>el<\/em> is the common designation for God. This etymology is comparatively transparent and is in accord with the functions ascribed to Uriel in the texts.<\/p><p>In the apocalyptic literature, Uriel is repeatedly connected with light, fire and heavenly knowledge. As the interpreter of the celestial bodies in the Book of Enoch, he is the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> of the cosmic light.<\/p><p>In other traditions he becomes the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> who guards the fire or who is depicted with a flaming sword or a torch. The later Christian <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The study of pictorial content and its meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconography<\/span> took up this connection and often portrayed Uriel with a flame in his open hand.<\/p><p>Functionally, Uriel shifts in the sources between several roles. He is the interpreter of the heavenly secrets, the teacher of the seer, the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> of the natural order, and in some lists also an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angel<\/span> of judgment or of the underworld.<\/p><p>This variety is typical of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angelic<\/span> figures whose profile is drawn not from a single canonical text, but from several, in part independent strands of tradition. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The discipline that studies religions comparatively and without commitment to belief.\" tabindex=\"0\">Religious studies<\/span> therefore emphasizes that there is no single Uriel, but a bundle of attributions weighted differently depending on the text and the era.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf16f068 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpf16f068\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa81d7d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpa81d7d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uriel in the Ecclesiastical Tradition and His Contested Status<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3976d7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp3976d7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7e91016 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp7e91016\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In Christianity, Uriel had a precarious status from the outset. While Michael, Gabriel and Raphael appear in canonical scriptures, Uriel&#8217;s renown rests solely on the apocryphal literature.<\/p><p>This led to a changeable history. In <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Transitional era between antiquity and the Middle Ages, roughly the 3rd to 7th century.\" tabindex=\"0\">late antiquity<\/span> and the early Middle Ages, Uriel was quite familiar as an archangel; he appears in lists of angels, in prayers and in art.<\/p><p>A decisive turning point was a Roman synod in the year 745 under Pope Zacharias. It opposed the veneration of angels under names that do not appear in the recognized scriptures, naming in the process a series of angel names whose <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of religious acts of veneration for a deity or holy figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> it sought to suppress.<\/p><p>As a result, official veneration in the Latin Church was essentially restricted to the three archangels named in the Bible. Uriel thereby fell out of the official <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of religious acts of veneration for a deity or holy figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span>, although he remained present in <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The piety lived out in everyday life, often alongside the official doctrine.\" tabindex=\"0\">popular piety<\/span>, in art and in esoteric traditions.<\/p><p>In the Orthodox churches, especially in the Ethiopian tradition, in which the Book of Enoch is <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belonging to the bindingly recognized body of scriptures of a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">canonical<\/span>, Uriel by contrast retained a firm place.<\/p><p>He also remained significant in Jewish liturgical texts and in the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A current of Jewish mysticism with principal works such as Sefer Yetzirah and the Zohar.\" tabindex=\"0\">Kabbalah<\/span>, for example in the night prayer arranged according to the four archangels, which assigns Michael, Gabriel, Uriel and Raphael to the four cardinal directions around the sleeper.<\/p><p>Uriel&#8217;s history thus shows in exemplary fashion how canonical boundary-drawing and lived <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The lived religious attitude and practice of a person.\" tabindex=\"0\">piety<\/span> can develop apart from one another.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Further Links<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"\/en\/gabriel\/\">Gabriel<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literature (Selection)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Loren T. Stuckenbruck: <em>Angel Veneration and Christology<\/em>. De Gruyter, 1995.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uriel, God of the Jewish Tradition Uriel is the archangel figure of the Jewish tradition, an embodiment of divine fire and righteous judgment. His significance for religious studies lies in the representation of God&#8217;s wrath, the eschatological execution of judgment, and in mysticism and theology as a fire angel and throne guardian of the Most [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5413,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Uriel","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Uriel: God of the Jewish Tradition","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"The written record of Uriel reaches back several centuries into the past, very probably building on even older oral traditions that preceded 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