{"id":5099,"date":"2026-04-21T12:21:24","date_gmt":"2026-04-21T12:21:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/jiangshi\/"},"modified":"2026-06-05T14:31:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T14:31:09","slug":"jiangshi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/jiangshi\/","title":{"rendered":"Jiangshi"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5099\" class=\"elementor elementor-5099 elementor-1214\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jiangshi, Spirit of Chinese Tradition<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>The hopping corpse, China&#8217;s own vampire figure.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Spirit: An incorporeal or semi-corporeal entity, the deceased, nature beings, household spirits or threshold guardians. Acts in everyday life, often bound to places or families.\">Spirit<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/china\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Chinese religion of gods, spirits and folk belief, Daoist, Buddhist, Confucian.\">China<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/spirits-of-the-dead\/\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"The deceased whose spirits continue to act in this world, household spirits, ancestors, restless dead.\">Spirit of the Dead<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_china_jiangshi-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5100\" alt=\"Jiangshi - spirits from the Chinese tradition, historical and illustrative\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_china_jiangshi-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_china_jiangshi-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_china_jiangshi-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_china_jiangshi.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jiangshi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Jiangshi (\u50f5\u5c38, &#8220;stiff corpse&#8221;) is one of the most iconic figures of Chinese demonology and at the same time a globally known horror <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring element of content in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span>. A physically present revenant, typically in Qing dynasty official robes, with outstretched arms, stiff limbs and the characteristic mode of movement in hops.<\/p><p>Its breath is deadly: Jiangshi identify the living by their breath; whoever holds their breath is safe. They do not suck blood but rather <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Chinese conception, the active life force that flows through everything.\" tabindex=\"0\">qi<\/span><\/em> (life energy) or <em>yang <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Chinese conception, the active life force that flows through everything.\" tabindex=\"0\">qi<\/span><\/em>, which makes them structurally different from the European vampire, but functionally related.<\/p><p>The Jiangshi conception has several roots. A folk-etymological explanation: &#8220;traveling corpses&#8221;, during the Qing era the dead were often found far from home; Daoist priests are said to have led them back to their homeland at night in <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A solemn religious procession.\" tabindex=\"0\">procession<\/span> (&#8220;Xiang Xi Gan Shi&#8221;, driving corpses out of Xiang Xi&#8221;).<\/p><p>Another root: the deceased whose soul could not leave the grave transformed into Jiangshi. Modern reception, above all through Hong Kong films of the 1980s (Sammo Hung&#8217;s <em>Encounters of the Spooky Kind<\/em>, Lam Ching-Ying&#8217;s <em>Mr. Vampire<\/em>), has made Jiangshi known worldwide.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profile Summary: Jiangshi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Type:<\/strong> Physical revenant, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Chinese conception, the active life force that flows through everything.\" tabindex=\"0\">qi<\/span> drainer<br>Origin: Qing-era <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Religious ideas and customs that are widespread in everyday life.\" tabindex=\"0\">folk belief<\/span>, possibly from Daoist corpse-transport practices<br>Texts: Yuan Mei&#8217;s Zi Bu Yu, Qing-era notebooks, Hong Kong film<br>Period: Qing dynasty to the present<br>Weakness: holding the breath, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An object to which a fortune- or success-bringing effect is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">talismans<\/span>, rooster blood<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Context<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Period of the Texts<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Qing dynasty folk beliefs (17th to 19th centuries) as the origin. Yuan Mei&#8217;s <em>Zi Bu Yu<\/em> (18th century) and other notebook collections describe Jiangshi encounters. Hong Kong films of the 1980s establish the modern image. Since the 2000s, international reception in games, anime, Western fantasy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Area of Distribution<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Chinese cultural sphere, especially southern China and Taiwan. Made known worldwide through Hong Kong cinema. Modern Chinese diaspora communities maintain the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span>. Japanese and Korean films adapt the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring element of content in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Source Situation<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yuan Mei&#8217;s <em>Zi Bu Yu<\/em> (18th century), Ji Yun&#8217;s <em>Yuewei Caotang Biji<\/em>, Qing dynasty notebooks, modern <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The scholarly study of everyday culture, customs and transmitted ideas.\" tabindex=\"0\">folklore studies<\/span>, filmography (especially Hong Kong vampire films of the 1980s and 90s).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Designation and Spellings<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Chinese:<\/strong> \u50f5\u5c38 (<em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em>), &#8220;stiff corpse&#8221;; regionally also \u8df3\u5c4d (<em>ti\u00e0osh\u012b<\/em>, &#8220;hopping corpse&#8221;).<br>Japanese: <em>Kyonsh\u012b<\/em> (direct adoption).<br>English: &#8220;hopping vampire&#8221;, &#8220;Chinese zombie&#8221;, both terms omit important aspects.<br>Etymology: \u50f5 (&#8220;stiff, rigid&#8221;) + \u5c38 (&#8220;corpse&#8221;), the name describes the most striking characteristic.<br>Gradations: young Jiangshi (weak), old Jiangshi with greenish hair and claws (powerful), &#8220;royal&#8221; Jiangshi with white hair (dangerous).<\/p><p>The Qing dynasty official robes of the classic depiction are historically significant: they mark the Jiangshi as &#8220;from another era&#8221; and fit the people&#8217;s perception of foreignness under Manchu rule. Modern films have established this <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The study of pictorial content and its meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconography<\/span> worldwide.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Characteristics<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Appearance<\/strong><\/p><p>Stiff, with outstretched arms (rigor mortis <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring element of content in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span>), pale greenish or grayish. Clothing: Qing official robes with a round hat and talismans. Movement: by hopping, not walking. Eyes often glowing red. In powerful Jiangshi: long white hair, claws, supernatural strength.<\/p><p><strong>Behavior<\/strong><\/p><p>Active at night. Identifies the living by their breath; whoever holds their breath is safe. Drains <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Chinese conception, the active life force that flows through everything.\" tabindex=\"0\">qi<\/span> energy, usually through breathing or a bite to the neck. Can decimate entire villages if not fought in time.<\/p><p><strong>Sphere of Action<\/strong><\/p><p>Graves, burial mounds, abandoned villages, paths at night. More active in rain and thunderstorms (yin reinforcement). Especially present in folk tradition in the rural regions of southern China.<\/p><p><strong>Mythological Classification<\/strong><\/p><p>A deceased person whose soul does not leave the grave, because of improper burial, a violent death, lack of care for the dead, or because of an injury inflicted by evil <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A bodiless being to which agency in the world is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">spirits<\/span> at the coffin. Daoist interpretation: a surplus of <em>yin <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Chinese conception, the active life force that flows through everything.\" tabindex=\"0\">qi<\/span><\/em> over <em>yang <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Chinese conception, the active life force that flows through everything.\" tabindex=\"0\">qi<\/span><\/em> in the corpse.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profile: Jiangshi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The most important aspects of the Jiangshi at a glance.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jiangshi's Origin<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A deceased person whose soul did not leave the grave; in Daoist terms: a yin-yang imbalance in the corpse. Possibly turned into literature from Daoist corpse-transport <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of the transmitted customs of a community.\" tabindex=\"0\">custom<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Object of Influence<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Rural village communities, cemetery visitors, travelers at night, families with improperly buried relatives.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Depiction<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Qing official robes, stiff outstretched arms, pale greenish. Movement in hops. In more powerful ones: white hair, claws, glowing eyes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Activity<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Drains <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Chinese conception, the active life force that flows through everything.\" tabindex=\"0\">qi<\/span> (life energy) from the living, usually through breathing. Can wipe out villages. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">Transmission<\/span> through a bite is possible.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Means of Protection<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Holding the breath (the Jiangshi recognizes the living only by their breath), sticking Fu talismans to the forehead, a peachwood sword, rooster blood, sticky rice (has a paralyzing effect), ceremonial cremation by fire.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jiangshi's Parallels<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/upyr\/\">Upyr<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/draugr\/\">Draugr<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/edimmu\/\">Edimmu<\/a>, Vetala (Hinduism), the modern zombie figure, Bram Stoker&#8217;s Dracula.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Defense and Daoist Exorcism<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>First Encounter<\/h3><p>The most important rule: hold your breath. Jiangshi orient themselves by the exhalation. Do not run away, the hopping movement is surprisingly fast. Instead, stand still and wait until they hop past.<\/p><h3>Daoshi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The ritual expulsion of a spirit or demon understood to be harmful.\" tabindex=\"0\">exorcism<\/span><\/h3><p>The Daoist priest (<em>Daoshi<\/em>) sticks a yellow Fu paper with red ink to the forehead of the Jiangshi, which paralyzes it. Then peachwood sword and rooster blood. Final destruction by burning, the ashes into the river. The Hong Kong films have iconically established this sequence.<\/p><h3>Preventive Burial<\/h3><p>Careful care for the dead, a sevenfold dirge, protective objects in the coffin, a Daoist <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The conferring of well-being and protection, often in a fixed verbal form.\" tabindex=\"0\">blessing<\/span> before closing. Peachwood at the grave, red cloths. Ancestor tablets in the family with regular <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An offering to a deity to express gratitude, petition, or veneration.\" tabindex=\"0\">offerings<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Reception and the Modern Era<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Hong Kong Vampire Film<\/h3><p><span data-nosnippet>The 1980s were the golden age of the Jiangshi film. Sammo Hung&#8217;s <em>Encounters of the Spooky Kind<\/em> (1980) started the trend. Ricky Lau&#8217;s <em>Mr. Vampire<\/em> (1985), with Lam Ching-Ying as the Daoshi, became iconic. The series ran into the 1990s and established the genre.<\/span><\/p><h3>East Asian Neighbors<\/h3><p>The Japanese Kyonsh\u012b is taken up in anime and manga, in part made humorous (karaoke-singing Jiangshi in comedy shows). Korean zombie films of the 2010s (<em>Train to Busan<\/em>) pick up motifs.<\/p><h3>Gaming and Fantasy<\/h3><p>Video games such as <em>Phantom Fighter<\/em> (1988) and modern mobile games have spread the Jiangshi worldwide. Fantasy role-playing games (Dungeons &amp; Dragons) adopt it as a specific monster. In Hong Kong pop culture it remains an iconic figure.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp131a655 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp131a655\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfaeff08 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpfaeff08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Two Souls and the Logic of the Restless Corpse<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2f72591 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2f72591\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp47fc4fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp47fc4fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To understand the <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em>, the &#8220;stiff corpse&#8221;, one must know the Chinese conception of the multipart soul.<\/p><p>The widespread teaching distinguishes two soul complexes: the <em>h\u00fan<\/em> souls, assigned to yang, lighter, of a spiritual nature, and after death striving upward or entering the ancestor tablet, and the <em>p\u00f2<\/em> souls, assigned to yin, heavier, bound to the body, and remaining with the corpse in the earth.<\/p><p>In the ordered case, the soul parts separate cleanly at death, the body is buried, the <em>h\u00fan<\/em> is cared for through the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The veneration of a family's deceased as continuing protective powers.\" tabindex=\"0\">ancestor cult<\/span>, the <em>p\u00f2<\/em> rests with the corpse. The <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em> arises when this order is disturbed.<\/p><p>If the <em>p\u00f2<\/em> souls remain active and the <em>h\u00fan<\/em> has not been properly released, for instance because the dead person was not buried correctly, because they died far from home, because there is a violent or unavenged death, then the corpse can move without a complete, rational human being inside it.<\/p><p>The <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em> is therefore not a re-awakened deceased person with consciousness, but a body moved by the lower soul parts, driven and without a person.<\/p><p>This conception explains its characteristic features: the stiffness that lets it advance only by hopping, because the body is no longer pliantly ensouled, and its drive to draw the life force <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Chinese conception, the active life force that flows through everything.\" tabindex=\"0\">qi<\/span><\/em> from others, because it itself lacks what makes a living being.<\/p><p>The <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em> is the embodiment of a failed separation of body and soul.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp54b79cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp54b79cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpece7b3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpece7b3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Homecoming of the Dead and the Origin in a Real Practice<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6181bdb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp6181bdb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8575ab8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp8575ab8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A much-discussed explanatory approach connects the <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em> belief with a concrete social practice: the transport of corpses over long distances for burial in the homeland. It was considered important that a person be buried in the earth of their ancestors.<\/p><p>Anyone who died far from home, for instance as a migrant worker, was to be brought back. The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span>, especially from southern China, knows for this the notion of &#8220;driving the corpses&#8221;, in which specialized men moved the dead across the land at night.<\/p><p>In the folk elaboration, the corpses were transported upright and led in rank and file, often described as guided by a Daoist going ahead with a bell, so that the dead followed in a kind of hopping step.<\/p><p>How much of this depiction is real practice and how much is already <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An edifying tale, usually about the life of saints.\" tabindex=\"0\">legend<\/span> is disputed in scholarship; much suggests that the practical difficulties of corpse transport and folk pleasure in storytelling combined into this image.<\/p><p>Independently of the precise historical core, this complex plausibly explains two key features of the <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em>: the upright, stiff posture and the hopping mode of movement. From a religious-studies perspective, the case is an example of how a supernatural figure attaches itself to a real social concern.<\/p><p>The fear of death in a foreign land, of the impossible homecoming and the disturbed rest of the dead it caused, was real. The <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em> gave this fear a vivid form: the dead person who cannot find their way home and therefore is themselves on the move, unfinished and dangerous.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp481166a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp481166a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp33e0864 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp33e0864\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Means of Defense and Their Symbolic Logic<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf4896d7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpf4896d7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpab891b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpab891b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The means of defense against the <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em> are richly developed in the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span> and follow a consistent <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sign that stands representatively for a concept or meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbolic<\/span> logic. The best known is the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Magical or ecclesiastical exclusion; also the binding of a power through a formula.\" tabindex=\"0\">banishing<\/span> slip, a strip of yellow paper with red writing, which a Daoist specialist inscribes and sticks to the corpse&#8217;s forehead.<\/p><p>It works not through physical force, but through the written word of the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An ordered sequence of symbolic actions with religious or cultural meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> tradition, which binds and stills the restless body.<\/p><p>Other means target the yin nature of the <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em>. Since it is a pure yin being, things that embody strong yang work against it: the wood of the peach tree, which in Chinese tradition has long been regarded as <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A spiritual being to which harmful or ambivalent effects are attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">demon<\/span>-repelling, the blood of certain animals, fire, sunrise, light.<\/p><p>Sticky rice likewise plays a role in the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span> as a purifying substance. The mirror can frighten off the <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em>, and sounds such as the crowing of the rooster, which announces daybreak, drive it back.<\/p><p>A distinct <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring element of content in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> is the holding of the breath. Since the <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em> is blind in many tales and locates its <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A gift to a deity to express thanks, a request or veneration.\" tabindex=\"0\">victims<\/span> by their breath, one can escape it by holding one&#8217;s breath and not moving.<\/p><p>This idea connects it with the image of an instinct-driven, non-thinking being that reacts only to simple stimuli. Overall, the means of defense show that the <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em> belief was firmly anchored in Daoist ritual culture and in yin-yang <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The conception of the structure and order of the world within a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">cosmology<\/span>.<\/p><p>The means are not arbitrary tricks but follow from the nature of the being: against an unfinished yin corpse, what helps is what embodies yang, writing and order.<\/p><p>In modern popular culture, especially in Hong Kong cinema of the 1980s, this repertoire became the basis of its own film genre, which made the <em>ji\u0101ngsh\u012b<\/em> known far beyond China.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Further Links<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Recommended internal links:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/china\/\">China (Daoism and folk belief)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/gui\/\">Gui<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/yaoguai\/\">Yaoguai<\/a>, <a href=\"\/en\/e-gui\/\">E Gui<\/a>, <a href=\"\/en\/huli-jing\/\">Huli Jing<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/upyr\/\">Upyr<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/draugr\/\">Draugr<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/vetala\/\">Vetala<\/a> (Hinduism), parallels<\/li><li>Daoist Fu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An object to which an effect of bringing luck or success is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">talisman<\/span> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Practices that seek to intervene in the course of events through special acts or formulas.\" tabindex=\"0\">magic<\/span><\/li><li>The Hong Kong vampire film genre<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literature (Selection)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>A selection of central works on the Jiangshi:<\/p><ul><li>Yuan Mei: <em>Zi Bu Yu. Was der Meister nicht erz\u00e4hlte<\/em>. Selected translations in various languages.<\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Pu, Shiyong: &#8220;From Corpse to Vampire. The Jiangshi in Qing Dynasty Tales.&#8221; In: <em>Chinese Literature. Essays, Articles, Reviews<\/em> 25 (2003).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Jin, Sang: <em>Chinese Vampire Movies 1980, 1990<\/em>. Hong Kong 2005.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Barber, Paul: <em>Vampires, Burial, and Death<\/em>. New Haven 1988 (comparative contextualization).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Brunello, Annalisa: <em>The Monstrous in Modern China<\/em>. Diss. 2018.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Further standard works in the <a href=\"\/en\/literature\/\">literature index<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-jiangshi-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-jiangshi-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-jiangshi\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-jiangshi-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-jiangshi-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">The protective practice described here is a religious-studies classification of historical traditions. iWell Guard ties in with this cultural-historical line of wearable protective objects and represents a contemporary form of it. <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/about-iwell-guard-the-protective-pendant-in-detail\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">More about the iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jiangshi, Spirit of Chinese Tradition The hopping corpse, China&#8217;s own vampire figure. SpiritChinaSpirit of the Dead Table of Contents Jiangshi The Jiangshi (\u50f5\u5c38, &#8220;stiff corpse&#8221;) is one of the most iconic figures of Chinese demonology and at the same time a globally known horror motif. A physically present revenant, typically in Qing dynasty official robes, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5100,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Jiangshi","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Jiangshi: Spirit of Chinese Tradition","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"The Jiangshi (\u50f5\u5c38, \"stiff corpse\") is one of the most iconic figures of Chinese demonology and a globally known horror motif. A","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[112,79,93],"class_list":["post-5099","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-china","category-cultures","category-spirits"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Jiangshi: Spirit of Chinese Tradition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Jiangshi (\u50f5\u5c38, &quot;stiff corpse&quot;) is one of the most iconic figures of Chinese demonology and a globally known horror motif. 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