{"id":4817,"date":"2026-04-21T09:29:40","date_gmt":"2026-04-21T09:29:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/lamia\/"},"modified":"2026-06-05T14:29:43","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T14:29:43","slug":"lamia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/lamia\/","title":{"rendered":"Lamia"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4817\" class=\"elementor elementor-4817 elementor-839\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lamia, Demoness of the Greek Tradition<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lamia is a demoness of the Greek <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span>.<\/p><p><strong>Child-bed demoness and seductress, the dark side of Eros myths.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Demon \/ Demoness: A supernatural being with predominantly harmful or ambivalent effects. Standing between gods and humans, it causes illness, temptation, or misfortune and is warded off through incantations, apotropaic objects, and rituals.\">Demoness<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/greece\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Religion and mythology of ancient Greece from the Mycenaean period to Late Antiquity.\">Greece<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_griechenland_lamia-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4818\" alt=\"Lamia - Demons from the Greek tradition, historical illustration\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_griechenland_lamia-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_griechenland_lamia-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_griechenland_lamia-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_griechenland_lamia.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lamia<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lamia is the Greek individual figure of a child-killing female demoness whose name later becomes a generic designation. Mythologically she was a former Libyan queen, beloved of Zeus, whose children were killed by the jealous Hera, after which Lamia descended into madness and began devouring the children of others.<\/p><p>From this single figure there grew, in the Roman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The transitional period between Antiquity and the Middle Ages, roughly the 3rd to the 7th century.\" tabindex=\"0\">Late Antiquity<\/span>, the class of the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/lamiae\/\">Lamiae<\/a>; in the Middle Ages <em>lamia<\/em> became a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic study of God and the doctrines of a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">theological<\/span> term for <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A spiritual being to which harmful or ambivalent effect is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">demons<\/span> and witches. In the later tradition, especially in the Victorian nineteenth century (Keats, Burne-Jones), Lamia transformed into a demonically beautiful seductress with a serpentine body.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quick Overview: Lamia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Type:<\/strong> Child-bed demoness, seductress<br>Origin: Libya\/North Africa in early <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative with an often historical core and wondrous features.\" tabindex=\"0\">legend<\/span>; daughter of Poseidon or Belos; beloved of Zeus<br>Texts: Aristophanes, Diodorus, Horace, Philostratus, folk narratives<br>Period: Archaic to <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The transitional period between Antiquity and the Middle Ages, roughly the 3rd to the 7th century.\" tabindex=\"0\">Late Antiquity<\/span><br>Distribution: Greece, Rome, the Byzantine world<br>Warding off: Protective formulas, child-bed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A worn object to which a protective, misfortune-averting effect is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">amulets<\/span>, names of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In the Abrahamic religions, a heavenly messenger being of God.\" tabindex=\"0\">angels<\/span> in Judeo-Christian reception<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Historical Context<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Period of the Texts<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Earliest mentions appear in Aristophanes (5th century BCE) as a child-devouring <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An incorporeal being to which effects in the world are attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">ghost<\/span>; Diodorus provides the origin legend (Libya, the affair with Zeus, the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A verbal formula intended to inflict misfortune on a person or thing.\" tabindex=\"0\">curse<\/span> by Hera); Horace and later Roman authors refer to Lamia primarily as a class; Byzantine folk texts kept the figure alive into the Middle Ages.<\/p><p><strong>Mythological Classification<\/strong><\/p><p>Lamia (singular) is in Greek <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of transmitted divine narratives of a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span> a royal woman who became a demoness. She was forced to devour her own children, which drove her to madness. She is a figure of tragedy and transformation. She is not evil by nature, but condemned through suffering.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Geographic Distribution<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative with an often historical core and wondrous features.\" tabindex=\"0\">legend<\/span> originates in North Africa, migrated early into the Greek cultural sphere, and then spread through Rome across the entire Mediterranean world. In the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Transitional epoch between antiquity and the Middle Ages, roughly the 3rd to 7th century.\" tabindex=\"0\">Late Antique<\/span> and Byzantine tradition Lamia remained strongly present in <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Religious ideas and customs that are widespread in everyday life.\" tabindex=\"0\">popular belief<\/span> and survived into modern Greek child-fright figures.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sources<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>No <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Handed over to the sacred through a religious act and thereby set apart from the everyday.\" tabindex=\"0\">dedicated<\/span> text corpus exists. Lamia appears in comedy, historical prose, Late Antique literature, and in <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Practices that seek to intervene in the course of events through special actions or formulas.\" tabindex=\"0\">magical<\/span> papyri. The densest body of evidence comes from short folk-literary references that remain consistent across the centuries.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Names and Spellings<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Greek:<\/strong> <em>\u039b\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1<\/em> (Lamia), plural <em>Lamiai<\/em>.<br>Latin: <em>Lamia<\/em>, often plural <em>Lamiae<\/em>.<br>Etymology: connected with terms for &#8220;gullet&#8221; and &#8220;devouring&#8221;; fits the child-killing function.<\/p><p>Noteworthy is the alternation between an individual figure (the Lamia with her own biography) and a class (the Lamiai as a group of child-killing demonesses). This duality makes Lamia a prototypical example of the movement from an individual mythological figure to a popular ghost.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Characteristics<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Appearance<\/strong><\/p><p>Difficult to pin down: the iconographic spectrum ranges from a beautiful woman to a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A being that unites the features of various living creatures.\" tabindex=\"0\">hybrid being<\/span> with a serpentine lower body.<\/p><p>In Aristophanes and the comedies of the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The era of Greek and Roman culture, roughly 800 BCE to 600 CE.\" tabindex=\"0\">classical<\/span> period she is a concrete, named female demoness; in the Hellenistic era and <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The transitional period between Antiquity and the Middle Ages, roughly the 3rd to the 7th century.\" tabindex=\"0\">Late Antiquity<\/span> she grows increasingly formless. The Victorian image of the serpent-woman (John William Waterhouse, John Keats) is a late synthesis of Lamia and Echidna.<\/p><p><strong>Behavior<\/strong><\/p><p>Lamia abducts and devours children not her own. She prowls through houses at night, enters bedchambers, and steals infants.<\/p><p>In some versions she simultaneously seduces men and drains them of vital force, a blend of the Empusa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring thematic element in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> and succubus function. Because of her wakefulness (Hera cursed her so she cannot sleep) she is active both day and night.<\/p><p><strong>Sphere of Influence<\/strong><\/p><p>Infant death, cot death, madness of the mother, loss of male vital force, nightmares. In archaic folk interpretation also unexplained sudden infant deaths. As a didactic figure she served from the classical period onward as a threat used against disobedient children.<\/p><p><strong>Appearance and Symbolism<\/strong><\/p><p>Lamia is depicted with the upper body of a strikingly beautiful, sorrowful, or raging woman and the lower body of a serpent. Sometimes the entire being is serpentine. She possesses supernatural beauty and strength. The serpent element is central: transformation and venom.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profile: Lamia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The most important aspects of Lamia at a glance. Details on name, description, warding off, and parallels can be found in the following sections.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lamia's Origins<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Libyan princess, beloved of Zeus, cursed by Hera. Out of grief and revenge she became a child-snatcher.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lamia's Targets<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Primarily infants and young children. Secondarily sleeping young men (in the sense of the Empusa motif of the Late Antique tradition). Mothers and women in childbed indirectly, as those whose children are threatened.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lamia's Appearance<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Variable: beautiful woman, terrifying old figure, hybrid with serpent tail. In more recent tradition often depicted with a serpentine body concealed beneath robes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sphere of Influence<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Abduction of children, infanticide, draining and killing of young men through erotic encounter, nocturnal haunting.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Warding Off Lamia<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Child-bed amulets, protective formulas, and later Christian warding with the names of angels. In Byzantium, icons of Saint Sisinios and protective prayers.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lamia's Parallels<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Expanded in the Roman tradition into the class of the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/lamiae\/\">Lamiae<\/a>. Functionally related: <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/empusa\/\">Empusa<\/a> (companion of Hecate, succubus component), <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/striga\/\">Striga<\/a> (Roman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The transitional period between Antiquity and the Middle Ages, roughly the 3rd to the 7th century.\" tabindex=\"0\">Late Antique<\/span> witch-vampire), <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/lilith\/\">Lilith<\/a> (Jewish, with full childbed-threat function). In medieval <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The scholarly discipline concerned with God and the beliefs of a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">theology<\/span>, Jerome translated Lilith in the Vulgate as <em>lamia<\/em>, giving rise to a persistent identification of Lilith and Lamia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Protection in Everyday Life<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"iwg-h3-demoted\"><strong>Rituals for Protection<\/strong><\/p><p>Child-bed rituals that protect both mother and infant together. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sign that stands representatively for a concept or meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">Symbolic<\/span> purification of the sleeping chamber. In Byzantium and later also in modern Greek popular belief, saints are <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address to a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invoked<\/span>, in particular Saint Sisinios as the vanquisher of Lamia.<\/p><p class=\"iwg-h3-demoted\"><strong>Incantations<\/strong><\/p><p>A Late Antique and medieval text corpus centered on Saint Sisinios transmits protective formulas against Lamia and her sisters. They follow a fixed pattern: accusation of Lamia, recitation of her names, banishment by a higher power.<\/p><p class=\"iwg-h3-demoted\"><strong>Amulets and Protective Symbols<\/strong><\/p><p>Byzantine and early medieval amulets frequently depict Saint Sisinios on horseback, piercing a fleeing Lamia. The iconographic program follows the pattern of the &#8220;rider-saint against a female malevolent being&#8221; and was later transferred to George and the Dragon.<\/p><p><strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of religious veneration practices directed toward a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">Cult<\/span> and Veneration<\/strong><\/p><p>Lamia was not officially venerated, but in private rites she was sometimes acknowledged or appeased. Her tragedy made her a subject of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Practices that seek to intervene in the course of events through specific actions or formulas.\" tabindex=\"0\">magic<\/span>. Practitioners of dark magic knew her names and seals. In mystery traditions she was understood as a hidden goddess. Respect for her was widespread.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lamia: Parallels in Other Cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Mesopotamia<\/strong><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/lamashtu\/\">Lamashtu<\/a> is the older and more fully developed variant of the child-killer complex; whether a direct cultural pathway to Greece exists is debated, but the functional parallel profile is clear. The Assyro-Babylonian ardat-lili is likewise related.<\/p><p><strong>Rome<\/strong><\/p><p>The strix and the <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/lamiae\/\">Lamiae<\/a> form the close Roman family of related beings. The <em>strix<\/em> (owl-witch) takes over the infant threat in popular tradition; <em>lamiae<\/em> becomes the class name for an entire category of beings.<\/p><p><strong>Middle Ages<\/strong><\/p><p>Jerome translates the Hebrew <em>lilith<\/em> with <em>lamia<\/em> in the Vulgate. Scholastic thought continued this identification; <em>lamia<\/em> became a collective term for witches, demonic women, and succubi. The Italian <em>strega<\/em>, the Spanish <em>bruja<\/em>, and the Slavic <em>vedma<\/em> share the essential profile.<\/p><p><strong>Modern Reception<\/strong><\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>The Victorian reactivation by John Keats (<em>Lamia<\/em>, 1819) transformed the child-killer into a beautiful, demonically tragic serpent-woman. Pre-Raphaelite painters took up the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring thematic element in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span>. In the twentieth century she became established in fantasy and horror literature as a seductive serpentine figure (for example, in Dungeons &amp; Dragons as a distinct monster class).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpcdf60ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpcdf60ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4d8002a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp4d8002a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Myth of Lamia and the Wrath of Hera<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp91bb373 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp91bb373\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp837734d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp837734d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The epoch of Greek and Roman culture, roughly 800 BCE to 600 CE.\" tabindex=\"0\">ancient<\/span> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The transmission of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span> knows Lamia as a figure originally human or semi-divine who was turned into a terrifying being by a dreadful fate. According to the widely attested account, Lamia was a queen of Libya, renowned for her great beauty. Zeus fell in love with her, and she bore him children.<\/p><p>The jealous Hera, wife of Zeus, took revenge by killing Lamia&#8217;s children or by compelling Lamia to kill them herself. Consumed by grief and despair, Lamia was transformed, or transformed herself, into a monster that out of envy and sorrow abducted and killed the children of other people.<\/p><p>A further variant of the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The transmission of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span> relates that Hera deprived Lamia of sleep, so that she roamed without rest. Zeus then granted her the ability to remove and set aside her own eyes, a peculiar detail that appears in several sources.<\/p><p>This narrative explains why Lamia became a child-fright figure in ancient imagination. Mothers and nurses used her name to frighten children into obedience. In this function Lamia belongs to a group of child-threatening female figures of the ancient world that also included Gello and Mormo.<\/p><p>Scholarship sees in this <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins, and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> the familiar pattern in which a being destroyed by suffering and injustice converts its pain into destructive violence. Lamia is thus simultaneously perpetrator and <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An offering to a deity expressing gratitude, petition, or veneration.\" tabindex=\"0\">victim<\/span>. Related female terror figures appear in <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/empusa\/\">Empusa<\/a> and among the Greek beings of ill omen.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfcb3dc5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpfcb3dc5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbba95a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpbba95a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lamia between Individual Figure and Generic Concept<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf05eb51 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpf05eb51\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa79d5cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa79d5cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A notable feature of the Lamia <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The transmission of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span> is that the name can designate both a specific individual mythological figure and an entire class of beings. In some sources Lamia is the Libyan queen of the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins, and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> described above. In other texts the <em>Lamiai<\/em> appear in the plural as a type of dangerous female <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A spiritual being to which harmful or ambivalent effects are attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">demon<\/span>.<\/p><p>In this second sense the Lamiae are seductive beings that prey on young men, beguile them, and drain them of vital force or blood.<\/p><p>They are partly equated with or closely associated with the Empusa and the Mormolykeia. The ancient sources here present a fluid picture in which the individual terror figures are not sharply distinguished from one another.<\/p><p>The most famous literary elaboration of this type appears in the <em>Vita Apollonii<\/em> of Philostratus from the third century CE. There the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A traditional narrative with an often historical core and wondrous elements.\" tabindex=\"0\">sage<\/span> Apollonius of Tyana unmasked a beautiful woman who wished to marry a young man as a Lamia or Empusa, a being that intended to fatten the youth and consume him.<\/p><p>This episode was later taken up many times over.<\/p><p>Scholarship explains the oscillation between individual figure and generic concept by the way <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Religious conceptions and customs widespread in everyday life.\" tabindex=\"0\">popular belief<\/span> and literary <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of transmitted divine narratives of a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span> interact here. Learned <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins, and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> knows the one Lamia with her backstory; living <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A dismissive term for beliefs considered groundlessly religious.\" tabindex=\"0\">superstition<\/span> knows many Lamia-like beings. Both strands ran side by side throughout <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The epoch of Greek and Roman culture, roughly 800 BCE to 600 CE.\" tabindex=\"0\">Antiquity<\/span> and influenced one another.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp991b749 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp991b749\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8dad4a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp8dad4a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lamia in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp564f237 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp564f237\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5b06543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp5b06543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The concept of Lamia did not disappear with the end of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The epoch of Greek and Roman culture, roughly 800 BCE to 600 CE.\" tabindex=\"0\">Antiquity<\/span>; instead it was carried forward by the learned and ecclesiastical tradition of the Middle Ages.<\/p><p>In Latin texts the word <em>lamia<\/em> served to translate and designate various uncanny female beings. Church writers and later encyclopaedists adopted the term and connected it with ideas of nocturnal malevolent female figures dangerous to children or sleeping persons.<\/p><p>In the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epoch roughly from the 15th to the 18th century.\" tabindex=\"0\">early modern period<\/span> the word acquired a particular and consequential meaning. In literature on witchcraft <em>lamia<\/em> became one of the Latin terms for witch.<\/p><p>Some treatises of the period use the word expressly in this sense, so that the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The epoch of Greek and Roman culture, roughly 800 BCE to 600 CE.\" tabindex=\"0\">ancient<\/span> terror figure merged with the image of the witch of the persecution era. The old mythological name thus acquired real and dangerous effect in the context of witch trials.<\/p><p>At the same time Lamia lived on in regional popular traditions. In parts of southern Europe, for example in Greece, Spain, and the Basque Country, there are folk figures whose names go back to Lamia.<\/p><p>These later figures are, however, not simple continuations of the ancient Lamia but independent formations that adopted only the name and certain features.<\/p><p>Scholarship emphasizes that Lamia is a good example of the long life of mythological terms. The name travels across the centuries, repeatedly fills itself with new content, and adapts to the prevailing conceptions of female threat, from the ancient child-fright figure to the witch of the persecution era to the regional legend figure.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Further Links<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Recommended internal links:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/greece\/\">Greece<\/a> (parent culture page)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/empusa\/\">Empusa<\/a> (structurally related)<\/li><li>Detail page on Lamia to follow<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/lilith\/\">Lilith<\/a> (Jewish parallel)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/striga\/\">Striga<\/a> (Roman parallel)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Selected Bibliography<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>A selection of key works on Lamia and related figures:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Johnston, Sarah Iles: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucpress.edu\/books\/restless-dead\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Restless Dead. Encounters between the Living and the Dead in Ancient Greece<\/a><\/em>. Berkeley 1999.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Resnick, Irven M. \/ Kitchell, Kenneth: &#8220;The Lamia in Medieval Thought.&#8221; In: <em>Traditio<\/em> 62 (2007).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Burkert, Walter: <em>Griechische <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic discipline that studies religions comparatively and without confessional commitment.\" tabindex=\"0\">Religion<\/span> der archaischen und klassischen Epoche<\/em>. Stuttgart 1977.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Greenfield, Richard P. H.: <em>Traditions of Belief in Late Byzantine Demonology<\/em>. Amsterdam 1988.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Further standard works in the <a href=\"\/en\/literature\/\">literature index<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qv839qv e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"qv839qv\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qv839qvh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"qv839qvh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related Protective Symbols<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qv839qvb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"qv839qvb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qv839qvt elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"qv839qvt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-querverweis-grid\" style=\"display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(220px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:16px 0;\"><div class=\"iwg-querverweis-card\"><a href=\"\/en\/evil-eye\/\" class=\"iwg-querverweis-link\"><strong>Evil Eye<\/strong><br><span class=\"iwg-querverweis-teaser\">A global belief in harmful gazing, countered by the nazar boncugu, mati, and malocchio<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"iwg-querverweis-card\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hamsa\/\" class=\"iwg-querverweis-link\"><strong>Hamsa<\/strong><br><span class=\"iwg-querverweis-teaser\">The Hand of Fatima, a Judeo-Arabic protective symbol with five fingers and an eye<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.iwg-querverweis-card{padding:16px;border:1px solid var(--e-global-color-f443515,#e6c45a);border-radius:8px;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.22);}.iwg-querverweis-link{color:var(--e-global-color-accent,#e6c45a);text-decoration:none;}.iwg-querverweis-teaser{color:#e8e8e8;font-size:13px;line-height:1.4;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-lamia-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-lamia-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-lamia\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-lamia-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-lamia-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">The protective practice described here represents a religious-studies classification of historical traditions. iWell Guard connects with this cultural-historical line of wearable protective objects and constitutes a contemporary form of it. <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/about-iwell-guard-the-protective-pendant-in-detail\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">Learn more about the iWell Guard &#8594;<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-lamia e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-lamia\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-lamia-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-lamia-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In later sources Lamia is increasingly described as a <strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A spiritual being to which harmful or ambivalent effects are attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">demon<\/span><\/strong> in female form, one that targets especially children and sleeping men, detaching itself from the older mythic narratives.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7eba35 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c7eba35\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38595f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38595f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Frequently Asked Questions about Lamia<\/h2><div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Who was Lamia in Greek <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of transmitted divine narratives of a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span>?<\/h3><p>Lamia was originally a Libyan queen loved by Zeus. Out of jealousy Hera caused her children to die, and Lamia thereafter became a malevolent being that abducted and killed children at night.<\/p><p>In later Greco-Roman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of transmitted divine narratives of a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span> Lamia became an entire class of demonesses (Lamiae) with serpentine bodies and the ability to seduce young men. They are regarded as forerunners of later succubus conceptions.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>How does Lamia differ from similar beings?<\/h3><p>Lamia shares characteristics with Lilith (child-snatcher, seductress, serpentine form), with the Greek Empusa (shape-shifting seductress), and with the Roman Striges (vampiric bird-women).<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>In the medieval Hammer of Witches (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Lateinischer Originaltitel des Hexenhammers; 1486\/87 in Speyer erschienen.\" tabindex=\"0\">Malleus Maleficarum<\/span>, 1487) Lamiae are described together with other witch-figures as a real threat. In modern literature (Keats&#8217;s Lamia, 1820) she has become a melancholic and tragic being.<\/span><\/p><\/div><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Who was Lamia in Greek mythology?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Lamia was originally a Libyan queen loved by Zeus. Out of jealousy Hera caused her children to die, and Lamia thereafter became a malevolent being that abducted and killed children at night. In later Greco-Roman mythology Lamia became an entire class of demonesses (Lamiae) with serpentine bodies and the ability to seduce young men. 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DemonessGreece Table of Contents Lamia Lamia is the Greek individual figure of a child-killing female demoness whose name later becomes a generic designation. Mythologically she was a former Libyan queen, beloved [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4818,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Lamia","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Lamia: Demon of the Greek Tradition","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Lamia, the child-bed demoness of the Greek tradition. Seductress and child-snatcher, the dark side of Eros myths from Homer to Keats.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[81,79,80,88,82,83],"class_list":["post-4817","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-child-demons","category-cultures","category-demons","category-greece","category-night-beings","category-seduction-demons"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lamia: Demon of the Greek Tradition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Lamia, the child-bed demoness of the Greek tradition. 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