{"id":4537,"date":"2026-04-21T09:07:25","date_gmt":"2026-04-21T09:07:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/rome\/"},"modified":"2026-06-04T09:49:17","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T09:49:17","slug":"rome","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/","title":{"rendered":"Rome"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4537\" class=\"elementor elementor-4537 elementor-837\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-hero-rebuilt-rom iwg-kultur-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"k-hero-rebuilt-rom\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-khleft-rom iwg-kultur-hero-left e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"khleft-rom\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-h1-rom elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"k-h1-rom\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Roman Gods, Pantheon and the Capitoline Triad<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-hero-lead-rom e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-hero-lead-rom\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-lead-rom elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-lead-rom\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Beings from the Roman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span><\/strong> on iWell Guard. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der \u00fcberlieferten G\u00f6ttererz\u00e4hlungen einer Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mythology<\/span> of the Roman Empire. Distinct archaic gods (Jupiter, Juno, Mars), the interpretatio Romana of the Greek gods, household <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of religious acts of veneration for a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span>, Lares and Penates.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-hero-toc-rom e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-hero-toc-rom\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-toc-rom elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-toc-rom\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Contents of this page:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"#h21777543215\">Numina, Household Religion and Empire<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#k-rom-h1\">Classification<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#x-rom-h100\">History and Pantheon<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#x-rom-h101\">Beings in Everyday Life<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#x-rom-h102\">Significance Today<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#k-rom-h2\">Gods (7)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#k-rom-h3\">Demons (1)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#k-rom-h4\">Spirits (7)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-khrght-rom iwg-kultur-hero-right e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"khrght-rom\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-img-rom iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"k-img-rom\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_rom_lamiae-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4538\" alt=\"Lamiae - demons from the Roman tradition, historical and illustrative\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_rom_lamiae-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_rom_lamiae-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_rom_lamiae-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_rom_lamiae.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klaerung1777529143 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klaerung1777529143\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0003 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0003\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klar1777529143 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"klar1777529143\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Roman <strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der \u00fcberlieferten G\u00f6ttererz\u00e4hlungen einer Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span><\/strong> is not simply a translation of the Greek; it has its own <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In Roman religion, the active divine power at a place or object.\" tabindex=\"0\">numina<\/span> (protective <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A bodiless being to which agency in the world is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">spirits<\/span>), a strong household <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic discipline that studies religions comparatively and without confessional commitment.\" tabindex=\"0\">religion<\/span> (Lares and Penates) and a specific cult of the dead (Lemures, Larvae).<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-clstrsec1777543215 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"clstrsec1777543215\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-h21777543215 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"h21777543215\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Numina, Household Religion and Empire<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj12-cluster-text-rom e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj12-cluster-text-rom\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj12-cluster-text-rom-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"aj12-cluster-text-rom-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Roman religion was <strong>less a narrative <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der G\u00f6tter einer Religion oder Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">pantheon<\/span> than a contractual order<\/strong> between human and god. The central terms are <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In der r\u00f6mischen Religion die wirkende g\u00f6ttliche Macht an einem Ort oder Gegenstand.\" tabindex=\"0\">numen<\/span><\/em> (divine power), <em>pax deorum<\/em> (peace with the gods) and <em>do ut des<\/em> (I give so that you may give). Myths were importable, and most Roman gods have Greek counterparts through <em>interpretatio<\/em>.<\/p><p>The <strong>household religion was more fundamental than the state religion<\/strong>. Every Roman household venerated the Lares (protective spirits), the Penates (gods of the storeroom) and the Genius (the personal life force of the pater familias).<\/p><p>The storeroom was as important as the household <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An elevated place or table for offerings and religious acts.\" tabindex=\"0\">altar<\/span>; bread, wine and salt were daily <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gabe an eine Gottheit, um Dank, Bitte oder Verehrung auszudr\u00fccken.\" tabindex=\"0\">offerings<\/span>. This <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die im Alltag gelebte Religiosit\u00e4t, oft neben der offiziellen Lehre.\" tabindex=\"0\">popular piety<\/span> persisted into the Christian <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00dcbergangsepoche zwischen Antike und Mittelalter, etwa 3. bis 7. Jahrhundert.\" tabindex=\"0\">late antiquity<\/span>.<\/p><p>With <strong>imperial expansion<\/strong> came the eastern mystery cults (Mithras, Magna Mater, Isis), which spread especially among soldiers and officials.<\/p><p>Eventually Christianity took over the state framework; the old system was banned in the 4th and 5th centuries, yet many practices (the veneration of saints, the cult of Mary, protective invocations) carry Roman popular religion forward within them.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-s1 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"k-rom-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"k-rom-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Classification<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0004 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0004\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-t1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-rom-t1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Period:<\/strong> Regal period (8th century BC) to the end of the empire (5th century AD).<\/p><p>Distribution: Italy and the Roman Empire (the Mediterranean, Western Europe, North Africa, the Near East).<\/p><p>Sources: Virgil (Aeneid), Ovid (Metamorphoses, Fasti), Livy, Pliny, inscriptions, household-cult reliefs.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der G\u00f6tter einer Religion oder Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">Pantheon<\/span> and classes of beings: the Capitoline Triad (Jupiter, Juno, Minerva), Penates, Lares, Genius, di indigetes (the native Roman gods).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-s100 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x-rom-s100\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-h100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x-rom-h100\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">History and Pantheon<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0005 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0005\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-t100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x-rom-t100\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Roman religion arose from archaic Italian cults (<em>di indigetes<\/em>) and was later structured by Greek <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der \u00fcberlieferten G\u00f6ttererz\u00e4hlungen einer Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span> and the <em>interpretatio Romana<\/em>.<\/p><p>Central gods are Jupiter (sky, god of the state), Mars (war), Vesta (fire, the home) and Quirinus (civic order). The gods were organised functionally: not driven by human passions like the Greek gods, but as representatives of state powers and natural forces.<\/p><p>With its expansion Rome integrated foreign cults: the Egyptian Isis, the Phrygian Cybele, the Persian Mithras. The <em>interpretatio Romana<\/em> identified foreign deities with Roman equivalents. The religious system was decentralised and syncretistic.<\/p><p>Christianisation from the 4th to the 6th century displaced the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The era of Greek and Roman culture, roughly 800 BCE to 600 CE.\" tabindex=\"0\">classical<\/span> religion. The emperor Diocletian, and later Theodosius, decreed Christian monopolies and the suppression of paganism.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-s101 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x-rom-s101\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-h101 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x-rom-h101\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Beings in Everyday Life<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0006 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0006\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-t101 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x-rom-t101\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Roman religion was intensely ritualistic: daily household cults for the <em>Penates<\/em> (household gods) and <em>Lares<\/em> (household spirits). Public sacrificial rites (<em>pax deorum<\/em>, the peace of the gods) were regular. Augural priests interpreted omens through bird <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Collective term for practices used to explore a divine will.\" tabindex=\"0\">divination<\/span>. Haruspices (an Etruscan tradition) read entrails. Mystery cults (Eleusis, Mithras) offered an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Collective term for teachings that claim a hidden knowledge accessible only to initiates.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoteric<\/span> hope of salvation.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiken, die durch besondere Handlungen oder Formeln in den Lauf der Dinge eingreifen wollen.\" tabindex=\"0\">Magic<\/span> is documented but formally frowned upon. Fortune-telling and astrology were popular. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ein Bauwerk, das der Verehrung einer oder mehrerer Gottheiten dient.\" tabindex=\"0\">Temples<\/span> were places of worship and at the same time moneylenders and centres of administration.<\/p><p>Priests as a class of specialists administered the knowledge of the gods. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Religi\u00f6se Vorstellungen und Br\u00e4uche, die im Alltag verbreitet sind.\" tabindex=\"0\">Popular belief<\/span> in the supernatural is less documented than elite religion. Protective <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A worn object to which a protective, misfortune-averting effect is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">amulets<\/span> and incantations are attested archaeologically.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-s102 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x-rom-s102\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-h102 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x-rom-h102\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Significance Today<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0007 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0007\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-t102 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x-rom-t102\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Roman religion is entirely extinct; no continuous tradition exists. Academically and in literature it is a foundation of Western education. The aesthetics of Roman architecture and art shape high Western culture. Neopagan movements attempt fragmentary reconstructions (<em>Reconstructionist <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The belief in several gods.\" tabindex=\"0\">Polytheism<\/span><\/em>), but these are speculative.<\/p><p>Popular culture uses Roman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der \u00fcberlieferten G\u00f6ttererz\u00e4hlungen einer Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span> for film and literature (Gladiator, HBO series). Political ideologies (fascism, colonialism) have instrumentalised Roman imperial <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der \u00fcberlieferten G\u00f6ttererz\u00e4hlungen einer Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span>. Esoteric Western circles romanticise Roman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiken, die durch besondere Handlungen oder Formeln in den Lauf der Dinge eingreifen wollen.\" tabindex=\"0\">magic<\/span> and mystery cults. Church history and <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die wissenschaftliche Lehre von Gott und vom Glauben einer Religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">theology<\/span> used Roman institutions as models for Christian hierarchies.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-s2 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"k-rom-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-h2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"k-rom-h2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gods (13)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0008 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0008\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-t2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-rom-t2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-wesen-grid\"><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/juno\/\" aria-label=\"Juno \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_juno-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Juno \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Juno<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/mars\/\" aria-label=\"Mars \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Mars \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Mars<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/pluto\/\" aria-label=\"Pluto \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_pluto-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Pluto \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Pluto<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/proserpina\/\" aria-label=\"Proserpina \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_proserpina-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Proserpina \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Proserpina<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/ceres-roman-goddess-of-grain-and-agriculture\/\" aria-label=\"Ceres: Roman Goddess of Grain and Agriculture\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_rom_ceres-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Ceres: Roman Goddess of Grain and Agriculture\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Ceres: Roman Goddess of Grain and Agriculture<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/mercury-roman-god-of-commerce-and-messengers\/\" aria-label=\"Mercury: Roman god of commerce and messengers\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_rom_mercurius-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Mercury: Roman god of commerce and messengers\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Mercury: Roman god of commerce and messengers<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/venus-roman-goddess-of-love-and-beauty\/\" aria-label=\"Venus: Roman goddess of love and beauty\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_rom_venus-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Venus: Roman goddess of love and beauty\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Venus: Roman goddess of love and beauty<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/minerva\/\" aria-label=\"Minerva \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_rom_minerva-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Minerva \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Minerva<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/diana\/\" aria-label=\"Diana \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_rom_diana-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Diana \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Diana<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/neptune\/\" aria-label=\"Neptune \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_rom_neptun-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Neptune \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Neptune<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/vesta\/\" aria-label=\"Vesta \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_rom_vesta-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Vesta \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Vesta<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/vulcan\/\" aria-label=\"Vulcan \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_rom_vulcanus-1-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Vulcan \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Vulcan<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/janus\/\" aria-label=\"Janus \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_rom_janus-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Janus \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Janus<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-s3 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"k-rom-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-h3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"k-rom-h3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Demons (1)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0009 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0009\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-t3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-rom-t3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-wesen-grid\"><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/lamiae\/\" aria-label=\"Lamiae \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_rom_lamiae-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Lamiae \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Lamiae<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-s4 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"k-rom-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-h4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"k-rom-h4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Spirits (7)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-000a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-000a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-rom-t4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-rom-t4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-wesen-grid\"><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/dirae\/\" aria-label=\"Dirae \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_rom_dirae-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Dirae \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Dirae<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/genius\/\" aria-label=\"Genius \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_genius-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Genius \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Genius<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/larvae\/\" aria-label=\"Larvae \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_rom_larvae-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Larvae \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Larvae<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/lemures\/\" aria-label=\"Lemures \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_rom_lemures-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Lemures \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Lemures<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/striga\/\" aria-label=\"Striga \u2013 Rome\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_rom_striga-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Striga \u2013 Rome\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Striga<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/lares-roman-guardian-spirits-of-the-home\/\" aria-label=\"Lares: Roman Guardian Spirits of the Home\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_rom_laren-1-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Lares: Roman Guardian Spirits of the Home\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Lares: Roman Guardian Spirits of the Home<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/manes-the-deified-spirits-of-the-deceased\/\" aria-label=\"Manes: the deified spirits of the deceased\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_rom_manen-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Manes: the deified spirits of the deceased\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Manes: the deified spirits of the deceased<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 To the being<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-s-faq e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x-rom-s-faq\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-h-faq elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x-rom-h-faq\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Frequently Asked Questions about the Roman Gods<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0007 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0007\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-rom-t-faq elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x-rom-t-faq\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>How many Roman gods are there?<\/h3><p>The Roman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der G\u00f6tter einer Religion oder Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">pantheon<\/span> recognises twelve principal gods (Dii Consentes): Jupiter, Juno, Minerva, Mars, Venus, Vulcan, Apollo, Diana, Vesta, Ceres, Mercury and Neptune.<\/p><p>Alongside them are hundreds of lesser <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In der r\u00f6mischen Religion die wirkende g\u00f6ttliche Macht an einem Ort oder Gegenstand.\" tabindex=\"0\">numen<\/span>, ranging from local and household deities to personified virtues (Fides, Concordia, Spes). In total, scholarship counts several thousand Roman gods and <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In der r\u00f6mischen Religion die wirkende g\u00f6ttliche Macht an einem Ort oder Gegenstand.\" tabindex=\"0\">numen<\/span>, many attested only through individual inscriptions.<\/p><h3>What is the Capitoline Triad?<\/h3><p>The Capitoline Triad is the most important Roman divine triad: Jupiter (supreme god), Juno (his consort) and Minerva (his daughter). They were venerated together in the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ein Bauwerk, das der Verehrung einer oder mehrerer Gottheiten dient.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span> of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on the Capitol, the political and religious centre of Rome.<\/p><p>Before the Capitoline Triad there was an older archaic triad: Jupiter, Mars and Quirinus. The shift to the Capitoline constellation took place under Tarquinius Priscus in the 6th century BC.<\/p><h3>Which Roman gods correspond to the Greek ones?<\/h3><p>The most important equations are: Jupiter = Zeus, Juno = Hera, Minerva = Athena, Mars = Ares, Venus = Aphrodite, Vulcan = Hephaestus, Mercury = Hermes, Diana = Artemis, Apollo = Apollo (identical), Ceres = Demeter, Vesta = Hestia, Neptune = Poseidon, Pluto = Hades, Bacchus = Dionysus.<\/p><p>The interpretatio Graeca took place from the 4th century BC onward under Greek influence; the Roman gods often retained their older Italic functions but adopted Greek <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der \u00fcberlieferten G\u00f6ttererz\u00e4hlungen einer Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span>.<\/p><h3>Who is the supreme Roman god?<\/h3><p>Jupiter (Iuppiter, formerly Diespiter) is the highest Roman god, god of the sky, the weather, thunder and the guarantor of oaths. His full name, Jupiter Optimus Maximus, expresses his pre-eminence.<\/p><p>In republican and imperial Rome his <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ein Bauwerk, das der Verehrung einer oder mehrerer Gottheiten dient.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span> on the Capitol was the most important <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ein der Verehrung einer Gottheit gewidmeter heiliger Ort.\" tabindex=\"0\">sanctuary<\/span>. During triumphal processions, victorious generals drove to the Capitoline <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ein Bauwerk, das der Verehrung einer oder mehrerer Gottheiten dient.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span>, where they gave thanks to Jupiter and presented the laurel wreath to the god.<\/p><h3>What are the Lares and Penates?<\/h3><p>Lares and Penates are Roman household deities. The Lares (lares familiares) are protective spirits of the house and the family, often depicted as young dancing men holding up a drinking horn. The Penates (di penates) are protective gods of the storeroom and of the household&#8217;s well-being.<\/p><p>Both had their shrines (lararium) in every Roman house. At meals the first morsels were thrown into the fire for them. The Penates were also venerated in the state cult as penates publici, the guardians of Rome.<\/p><h3>What distinguishes Roman from Greek religion?<\/h3><p>Despite many divine equations, Roman religion differs fundamentally from the Greek: the Romans practised a contractual worship (do ut des, I give so that you may give) with precise rites and formulas. Myths mattered less to them than rites.<\/p><p>Greek religion was more strongly narrative, with a rich <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der \u00fcberlieferten G\u00f6ttererz\u00e4hlungen einer Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span>. The Romans, in turn, integrated foreign gods more readily (Cybele, Isis, Mithras), as long as they did not disturb the state <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An ordered sequence of symbolic actions with religious or cultural meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span>. The Mos Maiorum (the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A handed-down action regularly repeated within a community.\" tabindex=\"0\">custom<\/span> of the ancestors) was the supreme religious principle.<\/p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How many Roman gods are there?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Roman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der G\u00f6tter einer Religion oder Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">pantheon<\/span> recognises twelve principal gods (Dii Consentes): Jupiter, Juno, Minerva, Mars, Venus, Vulcan, Apollo, Diana, Vesta, Ceres, Mercury and Neptune. Alongside them are hundreds of lesser <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In der r\u00f6mischen Religion die wirkende g\u00f6ttliche Macht an einem Ort oder Gegenstand.\" tabindex=\"0\">numen<\/span>, ranging from local and household deities to personified virtues (Fides, Concordia, Spes). In total, scholarship counts several thousand Roman gods and <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In der r\u00f6mischen Religion die wirkende g\u00f6ttliche Macht an einem Ort oder Gegenstand.\" tabindex=\"0\">numen<\/span>, many attested only through individual inscriptions.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the Capitoline Triad?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Capitoline Triad is the most important Roman divine triad: Jupiter (supreme god), Juno (his consort) and Minerva (his daughter). They were venerated together in the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ein Bauwerk, das der Verehrung einer oder mehrerer Gottheiten dient.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span> of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on the Capitol, the political and religious centre of Rome. Before the Capitoline Triad there was an older archaic triad: Jupiter, Mars and Quirinus. The shift to the Capitoline constellation took place under Tarquinius Priscus in the 6th century BC.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which Roman gods correspond to the Greek ones?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The most important equations are: Jupiter = Zeus, Juno = Hera, Minerva = Athena, Mars = Ares, Venus = Aphrodite, Vulcan = Hephaestus, Mercury = Hermes, Diana = Artemis, Apollo = Apollo (identical), Ceres = Demeter, Vesta = Hestia, Neptune = Poseidon, Pluto = Hades, Bacchus = Dionysus. The interpretatio Graeca took place from the 4th century BC onward under Greek influence; the Roman gods often retained their older Italic functions but adopted Greek <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der \u00fcberlieferten G\u00f6ttererz\u00e4hlungen einer Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span>.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who is the supreme Roman god?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Jupiter (Iuppiter, formerly Diespiter) is the highest Roman god, god of the sky, the weather, thunder and the guarantor of oaths. His full name, Jupiter Optimus Maximus, expresses his pre-eminence. In republican and imperial Rome his <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ein Bauwerk, das der Verehrung einer oder mehrerer Gottheiten dient.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span> on the Capitol was the most important <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ein der Verehrung einer Gottheit gewidmeter heiliger Ort.\" tabindex=\"0\">sanctuary<\/span>. During triumphal processions, victorious generals drove to the Capitoline <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ein Bauwerk, das der Verehrung einer oder mehrerer Gottheiten dient.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span>, where they gave thanks to Jupiter and presented the laurel wreath to the god.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What are the Lares and Penates?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Lares and Penates are Roman household deities. The Lares (lares familiares) are protective spirits of the house and the family, often depicted as young dancing men holding up a drinking horn. The Penates (di penates) are protective gods of the storeroom and of the household's well-being. Both had their shrines (lararium) in every Roman house. At meals the first morsels were thrown into the fire for them. The Penates were also venerated in the state cult as penates publici, the guardians of Rome.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What distinguishes Roman from Greek religion?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Despite many divine equations, Roman religion differs fundamentally from the Greek: the Romans practised a contractual worship (do ut des, I give so that you may give) with precise rites and formulas. Myths mattered less to them than rites. Greek religion was more strongly narrative, with a rich <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der \u00fcberlieferten G\u00f6ttererz\u00e4hlungen einer Kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span>. The Romans, in turn, integrated foreign gods more readily (Cybele, Isis, Mithras), as long as they did not disturb the state ritual. The Mos Maiorum (the custom of the ancestors) was the supreme religious principle.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b220eb1 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b220eb1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c8b185 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c8b185\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">In Depth<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a8a8a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5a8a8a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Independence and Syncretism<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-000b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-000b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c158af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c158af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Roman religion is not simply a transfer of the Greek, even though the <em>interpretatio romana<\/em> equated many gods (Jupiter\/Zeus, Juno\/Hera, Minerva\/Athena). Genuinely Roman are the multitude of functional gods, the pronounced system of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Verehrung der Verstorbenen einer Familie als fortwirkende Schutzm\u00e4chte.\" tabindex=\"0\">ancestor worship<\/span> (Manes, Lares, Penates) and the state-sustaining imperial cult of the late Republic and the imperial period.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6b3d61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e6b3d61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pontifices and Augures<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bw-4a92581-d95ba0d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bw-4a92581-d95ba0d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a92581 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a92581\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Roman religion was organised in a more juridical and institutional way than the Greek. The college of the Pontifices watched over sacral law, the Augures interpreted the flight of birds and other omens, and the Vestals guarded the state fire.<\/p><p>Religion was a matter of state; the carrying out of the prescribed rites, the <em>pax deorum<\/em>, the peace of the gods, was central to political success.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ab87e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ab87e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Household Religion<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bw-a3c11c6-4ff267d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bw-a3c11c6-4ff267d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3c11c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a3c11c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the Roman private home stood the <em>lararium<\/em>, a small household altar for the Lares (protective spirits of the home) and the Penates (gods of the storeroom).<\/p><p>Before every meal, and at births, weddings and funerals, the household gods were <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address to a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invoked<\/span>. The <em>genius<\/em> of the father of the house and the <em>iuno<\/em> of the mistress of the house were regarded as personal protective spirits.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97a0db5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97a0db5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mystery Cults and Provincial Gods<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bw-5b60b4b-2f95a5b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bw-5b60b4b-2f95a5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b60b4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5b60b4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>In the imperial period, oriental cults gained enormously in importance: the cult of Mithras (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der religi\u00f6sen Verehrungshandlungen f\u00fcr eine Gottheit oder heilige Gestalt.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> especially widespread among soldiers), the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die Gesamtheit der religi\u00f6sen Verehrungshandlungen f\u00fcr eine Gottheit oder heilige Gestalt.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> of Isis, the Phrygian Cybele and the Jewish-Greek <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Verschmelzung von Vorstellungen oder Gottheiten aus verschiedenen religi\u00f6sen Traditionen.\" tabindex=\"0\">syncretism<\/span> from which Christianity emerged. These religions offered personal promises of salvation that the state cult did not provide.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-rom-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcc-rom-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-rom\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-rom-inner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcc-rom-inner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-rom-h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgcc-rom-h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Protective Objects in this Cultural Tradition<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-rom-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcc-rom-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In Rome people wore the bulla, a pendant of gold or leather, to which a fascinus, a phallic protective sign, was often attached; Lares amulets protected the house.<\/p><div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard fits into this cultural-historical line of wearable protective objects, in a contemporary material architecture, made in Germany. 41 layers, solid gold, platinum, silver. 30-day right of return.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-rom-b iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgcc-rom-b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/about-iwell-guard-the-protective-pendant-in-detail\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=kultur-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">More about the iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">More about the iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcc-rom-b .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcc-rom-b .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcc-rom-b .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcc-rom-b .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcc-rom-b .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-rom-d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcc-rom-d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Personal experiences may vary. Not a medical device. No promise of healing.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgssrev-rom e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgssrev-rom\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgssrev-rom-h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgssrev-rom-h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Protective Symbols from Ancient Rome<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgssrev-rom-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgssrev-rom-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The encyclopedia of protective symbols covers several signs and objects from <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epoch of Greek and Roman culture, roughly 800 BC to 600 AD.\" tabindex=\"0\">ancient<\/span> Rome on their own pages: <a href=\"\/en\/abracadabra-triangle-the-diminishing-protective-amulet\/\">Abracadabra Triangle<\/a>, <a href=\"\/en\/bulla-the-roman-protective-amulet-for-children\/\">Bulla<\/a>, <a href=\"\/en\/fascinum-the-roman-protective-amulet-against-the-evil-eye\/\">Fascinum<\/a>, <a href=\"\/en\/lunula-the-roman-crescent-amulet-of-girls\/\">Roman Lunula<\/a> and <a href=\"\/en\/sator-square-the-magical-letter-square\/\">SATOR Square<\/a>. A cross-cultural overview is provided by the page on <a href=\"\/en\/protective-symbols\/\">protective symbols<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Roman Gods, Pantheon and the Capitoline Triad Beings from the Roman tradition on iWell Guard. Mythology of the Roman Empire. Distinct archaic gods (Jupiter, Juno, Mars), the interpretatio Romana of the Greek gods, household cult, Lares and Penates. Contents of this page: Numina, Household Religion and Empire Classification History and Pantheon Beings in Everyday Life [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4538,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"roman gods","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Roman Gods: Pantheon, Triad and Cult | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Roman gods: Jupiter, Juno, Minerva, Mars, Venus, Vesta, Diana, Neptune: the twelve Dii Consentes. Myth, cult and comparison with Greece.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[79,108],"class_list":["post-4537","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cultures","category-rome"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Roman Gods: Pantheon, Triad and Cult | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Roman gods: Jupiter, Juno, Minerva, Mars, Venus, Vesta, Diana, Neptune: the twelve Dii Consentes. Myth, cult and comparison with Greece.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rome\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Roman gods: Jupiter, Juno, Minerva, Mars, Venus, Vesta, Diana, Neptune: the twelve Dii Consentes. Myth, cult and comparison with Greece.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-04T09:49:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_rom_lamiae.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/rome\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/rome\\\/\",\"name\":\"Roman Gods: Pantheon, Triad and Cult | iWell Guard\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/rome\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/rome\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/daemonen_rom_lamiae.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-04-21T09:07:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-04T09:49:17+00:00\",\"description\":\"Roman gods: Jupiter, Juno, Minerva, Mars, Venus, Vesta, Diana, Neptune: the twelve Dii Consentes. Myth, cult and comparison with Greece.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/rome\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/rome\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/rome\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/daemonen_rom_lamiae.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/daemonen_rom_lamiae.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Demons from the Roman tradition.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/rome\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/home\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Rome\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Roman Gods: Pantheon, Triad and Cult | iWell Guard","description":"Roman gods: Jupiter, Juno, Minerva, Mars, Venus, Vesta, Diana, Neptune: the twelve Dii Consentes. Myth, cult and comparison with Greece.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Rome","og_description":"Roman gods: Jupiter, Juno, Minerva, Mars, Venus, Vesta, Diana, Neptune: the twelve Dii Consentes. Myth, cult and comparison with Greece.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-06-04T09:49:17+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_rom_lamiae.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/","name":"Roman Gods: Pantheon, Triad and Cult | iWell Guard","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_rom_lamiae.webp","datePublished":"2026-04-21T09:07:25+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-04T09:49:17+00:00","description":"Roman gods: Jupiter, Juno, Minerva, Mars, Venus, Vesta, Diana, Neptune: the twelve Dii Consentes. Myth, cult and comparison with Greece.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_rom_lamiae.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_rom_lamiae.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Demons from the Roman tradition."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/rome\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/home\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Rome"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4537","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4537"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4537\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7308,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4537\/revisions\/7308"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4537"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4537"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}