{"id":4380,"date":"2026-04-27T10:36:41","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T10:36:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hanuman\/"},"modified":"2026-06-05T14:26:29","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T14:26:29","slug":"hanuman","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/","title":{"rendered":"Hanuman"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4380\" class=\"elementor elementor-4380 elementor-2068 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hanuman, god of the Hindu tradition<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hanuman is a god of the Hindu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span>.<\/p><p>The monkey god, servant of Rama and embodiment of strength and <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A brief, personal or communal religious contemplation.\" tabindex=\"0\">devotion<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"God \/ goddess: personified highest power in the pantheon of a culture, with clear responsibilities, natural forces, fate, war, fertility. Venerated through cults, sacrifices and temple institutions.\">God<\/span><a href=\"\/en\/hinduism\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Hindu worlds of gods, asuras and protective beings, from Vedic to tantric.\">Hinduism<\/a><a href=\"\/en\/protective-deities\/\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Protective deities, guardians of house, city, births, journeys or phases of life.\">Protective deity<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of contents\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4381\" alt=\"Hanuman - gods from the Hindu tradition, historical-illustrative\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hanuman<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hanuman is one of the more beloved figures of Hinduism, not as a remote <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A being venerated as divine within a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">deity<\/span>, but as the embodiment of loyalty and strength. With his reddish fur, massive arms and illuminated brow, he leaps across vast distances, lifts mountains, and serves the hero Rama with unconditional love.<\/p><p>In the *Ramayana*, Hanuman is the general of Rama&#8217;s monkey army, yet in a spiritual sense he is the yogi, the perfect disciple who has surrendered his ego in favor of the one he venerates.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">At a glance: Hanuman<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Type:<\/strong> Hindu principal deity, monkey god and supreme Bhakti devotee of Rama<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of the gods of a religion or culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">Pantheon<\/span>: Hinduism (especially Vai&#7779;&#7751;avism and folk <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic discipline that studies religions comparatively and without confessional commitment.\" tabindex=\"0\">religion<\/span>), Buddhism (Sun Wukong inspiration)<br>Function: loyal Bhakti, physical strength, protection from demonic powers, yogi and ascetic<br>Main attributes: monkey face, club (Gada), mountain in hand (Gandhamadana), torn-open chest with image of Rama and Sita<br>Main <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of religious acts of veneration for a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> sites: Hampi (Karnataka, mythical birthplace), present in every Hindu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A structure that serves the veneration of one or more deities.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span> as a protective figure<br>Son of: Vayu (wind god) and Anjana<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Classification<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Period of the texts<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hanuman has been central to Hindu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of the transmitted tales of the gods of a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span> since the <em>Ramayana<\/em> (composed ca. 5th\/4th c. BCE, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Belonging to a fixed body of sacred scriptures of a religion; non-canonical texts are considered apocryphal.\">canonical<\/span> ca. 200 BCE onward). Main flowering of Hanuman Bhakti: the medieval period (from the 12th\/13th c. with Tulsidas&rsquo; Ramcharitmanas and the Hanuman Chalisa).<\/p><p>Today one of the most popular Hindu deities worldwide, present in every Hindu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A structure that serves the veneration of one or more deities.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span>, often with its own cella. The <em>Hanuman Chalisa<\/em> (a 40-verse hymn) is one of the most widely spoken religious texts of India, recited daily by hundreds of millions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Area of distribution<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Main cult sites: <strong>Hampi<\/strong> (Karnataka, mythical birthplace on Anjaneya hill), <strong>Sankat Mochan Hanuman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A structure that serves the veneration of one or more deities.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span><\/strong> in Varanasi, <strong>Salasar Balaji<\/strong> (Rajasthan, one of the largest Hanuman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A structure that serves the veneration of one or more deities.\" tabindex=\"0\">temples<\/span>), <strong>Mehandipur Balaji<\/strong> (Rajasthan, famous for its healing tradition), Maruti mandirs in Maharashtra.<\/p><p>Internationally present in every larger Hindu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A structure that serves the veneration of one or more deities.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span> complex. Central in the Hindu-Bali context on Bali. In East Asian Buddhism indirectly through Sun Wukong (Chinese-Buddhist adaptation).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Source situation<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Central sources: <em>Ramayana<\/em> (Valmiki, ca. 200 BCE, Hanuman as a central figure in the Sundara Kanda), <em>Mahabharata<\/em> (minor mentions), <em>Ramcharitmanas<\/em> (Tulsidas, 16th c., Hindi Ramayana), <em>Hanuman Chalisa<\/em> (Tulsidas), <em>Hanuman Pur&acirc;&#7751;a<\/em>. Secondary literature: Lutgendorf, <em>Hanuman&rsquo;s Tale. The Messages of a Divine Monkey<\/em> (standard work); Goldman\/Goldman, <em>The R&acirc;m&acirc;ya&#7751;a of V&acirc;lm&icirc;ki<\/em>; Michaels, <em>Der Hinduismus<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Designation and spellings<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hanuman is depicted as a clever, athletic monkey, frequently with red-bronze or golden skin. He has a thick, muscular body, huge ears and arms, swinging an enormous club. He often wears chest and upper-arm armor.<\/p><p>His tail is powerful and agile, sometimes bearing a banner. Sometimes his chest is also shown open, with Rama and Sita in his heart, a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sign that stands for an idea or meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> of his complete devotion. A glowing forehead mark and blazing eyes show his spiritual enlightenment.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Characteristics<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hanuman is the god of strength, courage and unconditional love, <em>Bhakti<\/em>. His veneration is popular, especially on Tuesdays and before challenges. The Hanuman Chalisa, a 40-verse hymn, is recited daily to overcome fear and obstacles.<\/p><p>In temples Hanuman is often depicted as the first figure; many devotees visualize him as an inner mentor. His ability to change size (small as an atom, large as a mountain) shows cosmic flexibility.<\/p><p><strong>Appearance and symbolism<\/strong><\/p><p><em>Hanuman<\/em> is depicted as a muscular, monkey-headed warrior, often with a glowing, golden skin tone. He wears a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The verbal turning of a person toward a deity.\" tabindex=\"0\">prayer<\/span> chain and armor. His open heart shows Rama&#8217;s name. The rat is his mount, small yet able to break through barriers.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profile: Hanuman<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The most important aspects of Hanuman at a glance. The following fields summarize origin, function, appearance, veneration, symbols and cultural parallels.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hanuman's origin<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hanuman is the son of <em>Anjana<\/em> (an <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Celestial dancer of Hindu and Buddhist mythology; embodiment of beauty and sensual attraction.\">Apsara<\/span> cursed into the form of a monkey) and the wind god <em>V&acirc;yu<\/em>, hence his immense physical strength and his gift of flight. In some traditions he is also begotten of an aspect of Shiva (as an incarnation of Rudra).<\/p><p>In the <em>Ramayana<\/em> he meets Rama in the forest, joins him as his most loyal companion, flies to Lanka, finds the abducted Sita, delivers Rama&#8217;s ring, helps in the war against Ravana, and even tears out an entire mountain of healing herbs (Gandhamadana) to save the wounded Lakshmana.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hanuman's audience<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Embodiment of total Bhakti (devotion) to Rama; the most famous image: Hanuman tears open his chest and reveals within the image of Rama and Sita, his sole sense of self.<\/p><p>Patron of physical strength (wrestlers, weightlifters, bodybuilders), of yoga, of Brahmacharya (sexual abstinence). Protection from demonic powers, evil <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A bodiless being to which agency in the world is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">spirits<\/span>, illness. Patron of students, the educated and examinees (through his function as scribe in the tradition).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hanuman's appearance<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Monkey face with a human body, golden-orange skin tone, very muscular, kneeling in a pose of devotion. <em>Club<\/em> (Gada) in the right hand, his main attribute. <em>Gandhamadana mountain<\/em> in the raised hand (in the healing-herb episode).<\/p><p>A torn-open chest with the image of Rama and Sita within (the most famous Hanuman image). Long tail, often with flames at the end (he set Lanka ablaze with his burning tail). Frequently before a seated trio of Rama, Sita and Lakshmana in a pose of devotion.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sphere of influence<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Sphere of influence:<\/strong> Hanuman is <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address to a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invoked<\/span> several times a day in every Hindu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A structure that serves the veneration of one or more deities.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span>. The <em>Hanuman Chalisa<\/em> is recited daily by hundreds of millions of Hindus, especially on Tuesday and Saturday (his days).<\/p><p>In the personal <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of religious acts of veneration for a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> of illness, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address of a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocation<\/span> for protection from demonic causes of disease; in Mehandipur Balaji the exorcistic tradition is especially strong. In wrestling and bodybuilding circles he is the patron of physical strength. Widespread worldwide in ISKCON and other modern Bhakti movements. Present as a folk deity in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Bali.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Means of protection<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Club (Gada), Gandhamadana mountain, torn-open chest with the image of Rama and Sita within, monkey face, long tail with flames, yoga seat (Padmasana), pose of devotion before Rama. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belonging to the divine and thereby withdrawn from everyday use.\" tabindex=\"0\">Sacred<\/span> plants: Tulsi (basil), Bilva tree. Sacred animals: monkey (his own face). Sacred colors: orange-gold. Sacred days: Tuesday and Saturday.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hanuman's parallels<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Sun Wukong<\/em> (China, monkey king in <em>Journey to the West<\/em>, inspired by Hanuman), the <em>Mahasun-Wukong tradition<\/em> in Chinese-Buddhist folk religion, <em>Bhima<\/em> (Hinduism, son of V&acirc;yu, half-brother of Hanuman), <em>Pan<\/em> (Greece, half-animal wild forest <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"An incorporeal being to which an effect in the world is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">spirit<\/span>), <em>Eshu<\/em> (Yoruba, partly a trickster function).<\/p><p>In a broader comparison: all trickster-with-loyalty double-aspect figures share aspects of Hanuman. Hanuman is the most famous monkey <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A being venerated as divine within a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">deity<\/span> in world <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of the transmitted tales of the gods of a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Practical defense<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Veneration rituals<\/strong><\/p><p>Hanuman is the monkey-shaped servant of Rama (Ramayana) and is considered an incarnation of Shiva&#8217;s life force. Daily Hanuman veneration is performed with sindur (red powder), jasmine oil and sweet laddu balls.<\/p><p>Tuesday and Saturday are his weekdays. Hanuman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A structure that serves the veneration of one or more deities.\" tabindex=\"0\">temples<\/span> are widely distributed in the north and south of India, notably: Sankat Mochan (Varanasi), Salasar Balaji (Rajasthan), Hanuman Temple Connaught Place (Delhi) (cf. Lutgendorf, <em>Hanuman&#8217;s Tale<\/em>).<\/p><p><strong>Mantras and invocations<\/strong><\/p><p>The <em>Hanuman Chalisa<\/em> (40 verses) by Tulsidas (16th c. in Avadhi Hindi) is one of the most popular devotional texts of India.<\/p><p>The bija <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sacred syllable or formula spoken repeatedly in Hinduism and Buddhism.\" tabindex=\"0\">mantra<\/span> \u201eHum&#8221; and the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address of a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocation<\/span> \u201eOm Hanumate Nama\u1e25&#8221; are part of many protective rituals. The Sundara Kanda (Book 5 of the Ramayana, Hanuman&#8217;s leap to Lanka) is frequently performed as a protective reading.<\/p><p><strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A worn object to which a protective, misfortune-averting effect is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">Amulets<\/span> and protective symbols<\/strong><\/p><p>Hanuman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"In Hinduism and Buddhism, a geometric diagram for ritual use.\" tabindex=\"0\">Yantra<\/span> (a complex geometric diagram with the central name of Hanuman) on copper plates as protection from spirits, black <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Practices that seek to intervene in the course of events through special acts or formulas.\" tabindex=\"0\">magic<\/span> and adversaries. His vahana is none, he is his own mount.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sign that stands for an idea or meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">Symbol<\/span>: Gada (club), mountain (he carries the Sanjeevani mountain), tail in flames. Red sindur stripes on the forehead as a Hanuman mark of recognition for his devotees.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hanuman, parallels in other cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hanuman resembles the Greek Hermes (messenger, speed) and the Valkyrie of Norse <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of the transmitted tales of the gods of a culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span> (brave, unconditionally loyal). In the Western context he is often understood as an archetype of the loyal warrior or the spiritual disciple.<\/p><p>The image of the monkey who is a god also fascinates Western esotericists as a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sign that stands for an idea or meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> of overcoming the lower nature through love.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9ae5876 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9ae5876\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc0a0644 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpc0a0644\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hanuman in the Ramayana: the leap to Lanka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp71f4793 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp71f4793\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1dee195 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp1dee195\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The central source for Hanuman is the <em>Ramayana<\/em>, the Sanskrit epic attributed to the poet Valmiki. Hanuman appears in it in the fourth book, the <em>Kishkindha Kanda<\/em>, as a minister of the monkey king Sugriva, and gains the leading role in the fifth book, the <em>Sundara Kanda<\/em>.<\/p><p>This book is named after Hanuman&#8217;s deed and is considered by many Hindus to be the most venerable part of the epic.<\/p><p>The plot: Rama searches for his abducted wife Sita, whom the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A spiritual being to which harmful or ambivalent effects are attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">demon<\/span> king Ravana has carried off to the island of Lanka. Hanuman is sent out with a search party. Arriving at the strait, he enlarges his body and leaps across the sea to Lanka.<\/p><p>Along the way he passes several trials, including the encounter with the demoness Surasa and with Simhika. In Lanka he finds Sita imprisoned in a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sacred grove of trees that served as a cult site.\" tabindex=\"0\">grove<\/span>, delivers to her a ring of Rama&#8217;s as a token of recognition, and takes back from her a piece of jewelry as a message.<\/p><p>Before he leaves the island, Hanuman allows himself to be seized so that he may stand before Ravana. The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A spiritual being to which harmful or ambivalent effect is attributed.\" tabindex=\"0\">demons<\/span> set his tail on fire, but Hanuman escapes and sets large parts of the city ablaze with his burning tail.<\/p><p>This episode of the burning tail is one of the most popular scenes of the epic and is depicted many times in art.<\/p><p>Hanuman&#8217;s mission as messenger is what first makes Rama&#8217;s campaign possible. In the sixth book he also carries an entire mountain of healing herbs, because he cannot identify the single needed plant. This deed saves the wounded Lakshmana. Throughout the epic Hanuman appears as the embodiment of devoted loyalty toward <a href=\"\/en\/rama-seventh-avatar-of-vishnu\/\">Rama<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5cfda8c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp5cfda8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb2f89b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpb2f89b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The theology of Bhakti: Hanuman as the ideal devotee<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp94817c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp94817c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4310506 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp4310506\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hanuman&#8217;s religious significance lies less in his strength than in his attitude. In the Hindu tradition, especially in Vaishnava <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The lived religious attitude and practice of a person.\" tabindex=\"0\">piety<\/span>, he is regarded as the model of the <em>bhakta<\/em>, the devoted worshipper.<\/p><p>His relationship to Rama is described as <em>dasya bhava<\/em>, the attitude of the servant who serves his lord in perfect humility and without self-interest. A much-cited verse has Hanuman say that in body he is Rama&#8217;s servant, in soul a part of him.<\/p><p>This <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic study of God and the doctrines of a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">theological<\/span> interpretation gained particular weight through the Sant and Bhakti movement of northern India. The poet Tulsidas, who in the 16th century composed the <em>Ramcharitmanas<\/em> in a North Indian language, made Hanuman a central figure of devotion.<\/p><p>He is also credited with the <em>Hanuman Chalisa<\/em>, a forty-verse hymn of praise that to this day belongs to the most recited devotional texts of Hinduism. Millions of people recite it daily or on certain weekdays.<\/p><p>In this <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The scholarly doctrine of God and of the faith of a religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">theology<\/span> Hanuman unites apparent opposites. He is of immense power, yet uses this power exclusively in the service of another. He is learned, a master of grammar and of the scriptures, yet remains modest. This combination makes him a model for how strength and knowledge should be placed in a religious order.<\/p><p>He is moreover considered immortal, one of the <em>chiranjivi<\/em> who remain on earth until the end of the world age. From this follows the widespread belief that Hanuman is present wherever the story of Rama is told or recited.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbbf569e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpbbf569e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc2f739c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpc2f739c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Iconography and temple cult<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp48f6bcf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp48f6bcf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5c7937e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp5c7937e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hanuman is among the most frequently depicted figures of Hinduism. His image is present in countless temples, at roadside shrines and in households. The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The study of the content of images and their meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconography<\/span> follows recognizable patterns.<\/p><p>Hanuman is depicted with the face of a monkey and a powerful human body, often in red or orange color, which relates to the application of vermilion, the <em>sindur<\/em>.<\/p><p>A popular tale relates that Hanuman smeared his whole body with vermilion when he learned that Sita painted a mark of it on her forehead to wish Rama a long life.<\/p><p>Frequent representational types show Hanuman carrying the mountain with the healing herbs, standing with a club in a combative posture, or kneeling with folded hands while Rama and Sita become visible in his chest. This last <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring element of content in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span>, the torn-open heart with the divine pair within, gives pictorial expression to his complete devotion.<\/p><p>In the temple cult Hanuman is especially associated with Tuesday and Saturday, on which his worshippers fast or say special prayers. He is offered oil, vermilion and sweet dishes. A distinct tradition is the building of especially large Hanuman statues, which have arisen at many places in India since the late 20th century.<\/p><p>Hanuman is moreover regarded as a protective power against evil influences and against the influence of the planet Saturn, which is why his <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address of a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocation<\/span> in folk-religious practice is often connected with defense and protection. This broad cultic presence makes him one of the most vital deities of present-day Hinduism.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8dc47e3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp8dc47e3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1a214cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp1a214cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hanuman's origin and his place in the pantheon<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp880ac3f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp880ac3f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp703a8d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp703a8d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The transmission of knowledge and tales across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span> concerning Hanuman&#8217;s birth is not uniform. According to the most widespread version, his mother is Anjana, a celestial nymph who lived on earth as a female monkey. His father is the wind god Vayu, which is why Hanuman bears the epithets <em>Pavanaputra<\/em> or <em>Maruti<\/em>, son of the wind.<\/p><p>The connection to the wind explains his extraordinary speed and his ability to fly. Alongside this there is a tradition that understands him as a partial incarnation or as a son of the god Shiva. This dual attribution of origin shows that Hanuman was claimed for itself by various religious currents.<\/p><p>A well-known childhood story relates that the young Hanuman mistook the rising sun for a fruit and leapt up toward it. Indra, the king of the gods, then hurled his thunderbolt and struck Hanuman on the jaw.<\/p><p>From this incident some explanations derive the name, which is connected with the Sanskrit word <em>hanu<\/em>, jaw. The enraged Vayu then withdrew and deprived the world of breath, until the gods appeased Hanuman and bestowed numerous gifts upon him, among them invulnerability and the power to change his form at will.<\/p><p>Within the structure of the Hindu pantheon Hanuman occupies a special position. He is not one of the great creator or preserver deities, but a helper and servant; yet precisely this role secured him his own, very broad <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of religious acts of veneration for a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span>.<\/p><p>From the perspective of the history of religion, scholarship discusses whether older, perhaps non-Vedic forms of veneration of monkey-like protective spirits stand behind Hanuman, which over time were integrated into the Rama narrative.<\/p><p>This cannot be securely established. What is certain is that Hanuman rose from a minor figure of the epic to one of the most important independent devotional deities.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp304760c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp304760c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3a46ec9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp3a46ec9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hanuman beyond India and in modern culture<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4122e9b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp4122e9b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpcc3bff1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpcc3bff1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>With the spread of the Rama narrative, Hanuman reached many cultures of South and Southeast Asia, where he in part acquired his own forms. In Thailand he appears in the <em>Ramakien<\/em>, the Thai version of the epic, with a markedly different character profile, livelier and less ascetic than the Indian figure.<\/p><p>In traditional Thai dance drama and in shadow theater he is among the most popular figures. In Cambodia, Laos, Indonesia and Malaysia too, Hanuman is known from the local Ramayana traditions.<\/p><p>In India itself Hanuman is to this day exceptionally present. He is the protective figure of wrestlers and athletes, whose training grounds often have a Hanuman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A small sacred place of safekeeping or devotion.\" tabindex=\"0\">shrine<\/span>, because physical strength, discipline and abstinence are attributed to him. The traditional wrestling schools known as <em>akhara<\/em> have long cultivated this connection.<\/p><p>In modern popular culture Hanuman appears in comics, animated films and television series, through which he takes shape especially for younger generations. The major television adaptation of the <em>Ramayana<\/em> in the late 1980s decisively shaped the image of Hanuman for a mass audience.<\/p><p>In addition, Hanuman has acquired a role in political and identity-related debates of present-day India, which is observed attentively in <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The discipline that studies religions comparatively and without confessional commitment.\" tabindex=\"0\">religious studies<\/span>, because here an old devotional figure enters new contexts of meaning.<\/p><p>The range thus extends from the quiet domestic recitation of the <em>Hanuman Chalisa<\/em> to publicly charged forms of expression. Scholarship emphasizes that this modern diversity cannot be separated from the centuries-old devotional tradition from which it arises.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Further links<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/vishnu\/\">Vishnu, Rama as an avatar of Vishnu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/shiva\/\">Shiva, in one tradition Hanuman&#8217;s father<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/ganesha\/\">Ganesha, related Hindu high deity with an animal aspect<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/en\/hinduism\/\">Hinduism, pantheon overview<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/en\/high-deities\/\">High deities, sub-category<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/en\/gods\/\">Gods, class overview<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literature (selection)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Lutgendorf, Philip: <em>Hanuman&rsquo;s Tale. The Messages of a Divine Monkey<\/em>. Oxford 2007.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Goldman, Robert P. \/ Goldman, Sally Sutherland: <em>The R&acirc;m&acirc;ya&#7751;a of V&acirc;lm&icirc;ki<\/em> (several volumes). Princeton 1984 ff.<\/span><\/li><li>Tulsidas: <em>Ramcharitmanas<\/em> (numerous translations).<\/li><li><em>Hanuman Chalisa<\/em> (canonical 40-verse hymn).<\/li><li>Walde, Christine (ed.): <em>Der Neue Pauly<\/em> (entry &bdquo;Hanum&acirc;n&ldquo;).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Further standard works in the <a href=\"\/en\/literature\/\">literature index<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d219f5b e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d219f5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-303beda elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"303beda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Frequently asked questions about Hanuman<\/h2><div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Who is Hanuman in Hinduism?<\/h3><p>Hanuman is one of the most popular divine figures of Hinduism, the monkey-headed god of loyalty, strength and devotion (Bhakti).<\/p><p>In the Ramayana he plays the central role as the most loyal servant of Rama (avatar of Vishnu): he searches for Sita on Lanka, leaps across the sea with divine powers, and carries an entire mountain in the south of India on his back to bring a healing plant.<\/p><p>Hanuman is considered an incarnation of Shiva or a servant of Shiva, and is the patron of wrestlers, warriors and spiritual seekers. His statues are usually painted orange-red.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>What is the Hanuman Chalisa?<\/h3><p>The Hanuman Chalisa (forty verses to Hanuman) is one of the most popular devotional poems of the Hindi-speaking world, written by the mystic Tulsidas in the 16th century. It consists of 40 verses that praise Hanuman&#8217;s qualities, heroic deeds and aid.<\/p><p>Millions of Hindus recite the Chalisa daily, often on Tuesdays (Hanuman&#8217;s day) and Saturdays. It is regarded as an effective protective prayer against fear, illness and supernatural threats; Hanuman is invoked as a protector especially against spirits and Shani (Saturn).<\/p><\/div><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Who is Hanuman in Hinduism?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Hanuman is one of the most popular divine figures of Hinduism, the monkey-headed god of loyalty, strength and devotion (Bhakti). In the Ramayana he plays the central role as the most loyal servant of Rama (avatar of Vishnu): he searches for Sita on Lanka, leaps across the sea with divine powers, and carries an entire mountain in the south of India on his back to bring a healing plant. Hanuman is considered an incarnation of Shiva or a servant of Shiva, and is the patron of wrestlers, warriors and spiritual seekers. His statues are usually painted orange-red.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is the Hanuman Chalisa?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"The Hanuman Chalisa (forty verses to Hanuman) is one of the most popular devotional poems of the Hindi-speaking world, written by the mystic Tulsidas in the 16th century. It consists of 40 verses that praise Hanuman's qualities, heroic deeds and aid. Millions of Hindus recite the Chalisa daily, often on Tuesdays (Hanuman's day) and Saturdays. It is regarded as an effective protective prayer against fear, illness and supernatural threats; Hanuman is invoked as a protector especially against spirits and Shani (Saturn).\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hanuman, god of the Hindu tradition Hanuman is a god of the Hindu tradition. The monkey god, servant of Rama and embodiment of strength and devotion. GodHinduismProtective deity Table of contents Hanuman Hanuman is one of the more beloved figures of Hinduism, not as a remote deity, but as the embodiment of loyalty and strength. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4381,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Hanuman","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Hanuman: Monkey God, Servant of Rama","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Hanuman, monkey god and servant of Rama. Strength, loyalty, the Hanuman Chalisa and the meaning of the Ramayana","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[79,86,90],"class_list":["post-4380","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cultures","category-gods","category-hinduism"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hanuman: Monkey God, Servant of Rama<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hanuman, monkey god and servant of Rama. Strength, loyalty, the Hanuman Chalisa and the meaning of the Ramayana\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hanuman\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hanuman, monkey god and servant of Rama. Strength, loyalty, the Hanuman Chalisa and the meaning of the Ramayana\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-05T14:26:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"15 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/\",\"name\":\"Hanuman: Monkey God, Servant of Rama\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-04-27T10:36:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-05T14:26:29+00:00\",\"description\":\"Hanuman, monkey god and servant of Rama. Strength, loyalty, the Hanuman Chalisa and the meaning of the Ramayana\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Gods from the Hindu tradition.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/home\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Hanuman\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Hanuman\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-04-27T10:36:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-05T14:26:29+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2983,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/en\\\/hanuman\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"Cultures\",\"Gods\",\"Hinduism\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"description\":\"Hanuman, monkey god and servant of Rama. Strength, loyalty, the Hanuman Chalisa and the meaning of the Ramayana\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Hanuman: Monkey God, Servant of Rama","description":"Hanuman, monkey god and servant of Rama. Strength, loyalty, the Hanuman Chalisa and the meaning of the Ramayana","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Hanuman","og_description":"Hanuman, monkey god and servant of Rama. Strength, loyalty, the Hanuman Chalisa and the meaning of the Ramayana","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-06-05T14:26:29+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"15 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Hanuman","datePublished":"2026-04-27T10:36:41+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-05T14:26:29+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/"},"wordCount":2983,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp","articleSection":["Cultures","Gods","Hinduism"],"inLanguage":"en-US","description":"Hanuman, monkey god and servant of Rama. Strength, loyalty, the Hanuman Chalisa and the meaning of the Ramayana"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/","name":"Hanuman: Monkey God, Servant of Rama","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp","datePublished":"2026-04-27T10:36:41+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-05T14:26:29+00:00","description":"Hanuman, monkey god and servant of Rama. Strength, loyalty, the Hanuman Chalisa and the meaning of the Ramayana","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Gods from the Hindu tradition."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/home\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Hanuman"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Hanuman","datePublished":"2026-04-27T10:36:41+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-05T14:26:29+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/"},"wordCount":2983,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/hanuman\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_hanuman.webp","articleSection":["Cultures","Gods","Hinduism"],"inLanguage":"en-US","description":"Hanuman, monkey god and servant of Rama. Strength, loyalty, the Hanuman Chalisa and the meaning of the Ramayana"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4380","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4380"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4380\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6854,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4380\/revisions\/6854"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4381"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4380"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4380"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}