{"id":4241,"date":"2026-04-27T10:36:55","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T10:36:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/frigg\/"},"modified":"2026-06-05T14:24:58","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T14:24:58","slug":"frigg","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/frigg\/","title":{"rendered":"Frigg"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4241\" class=\"elementor elementor-4241 elementor-2098 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Frigg, Goddess of the Germanic Tradition<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>High goddess of Germanic <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of a culture's transmitted tales of the gods.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythology<\/span>, wife of Odin, mother of Baldur. In the Norse sources Frigg counts as the highest goddess of the Aesir family and ruler of Fensalir. She stands for marriage, motherhood and the ordered household, and at the same time possesses the gift of seeing fate without speaking of it.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"God \/ Goddess: personified supreme power within a culture's pantheon, with clear domains: forces of nature, fate, war, fertility. Venerated through cults, sacrifices and temple institutions.\">Goddess<\/span><a href=\"\/en\/germanic\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"The pre-Christian world of gods and spirits of Northern and Central Europe.\">Germanic<\/a><a href=\"\/en\/protective-deities\/\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Protective deities, guardians of home, city, births, journeys or stages of life.\">Protective Deity<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_germanisch_frigg-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4242\" alt=\"Frigg: gods from the Germanic tradition, historical-illustrative\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_germanisch_frigg-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_germanisch_frigg-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_germanisch_frigg-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_germanisch_frigg.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Frigg<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Overview: Frigg<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Type:<\/strong> Principal Germanic goddess, Aesir goddess, wife of Odin, mother goddess<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of the gods of a religion or culture.\" tabindex=\"0\">Pantheon<\/span>: Germanic \/ Norse (Aesir lineage)<br>Function: motherhood, protection of the home, wisdom (silent knowledge), foresight (all-knowing, without speaking of it)<br>Main attributes: spinning wheel, bunch of keys (protection of the home), falcon-feather cloak, court robe<br>Main <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of religious acts of veneration for a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span> sites: no <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A structure that serves the veneration of one or more deities.\" tabindex=\"0\">temples<\/span> of her own documented, spread in Saxony and Lower Saxony in <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Originating from the time before the spread of Christianity.\" tabindex=\"0\">pre-Christian<\/span> times<br>Roman identification: Venus (in the weekday <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradition<\/span>: Friday = Frigg&#8217;s day, parallel to Veneris dies)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Historical Classification<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Period of the Texts<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Frigg is central from the earliest Germanic sources (the Roman Tacitus, 1st century AD, then <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Icelandic scholar (1179-1241); author of the Prose Edda and the Heimskringla.\" tabindex=\"0\">Snorri Sturluson<\/span>&#8216;s <em>Edda<\/em>, 13th century).<\/p><p>The main literary source is the <em>Prose Edda<\/em> (1220) and the <em>Poetic Edda<\/em> (collected in the 13th century, containing older mythological poems). In the Germanic weekday system, <em>Friday<\/em> is named after Frigg (Germanic <em>Frij&#257;dagaz<\/em>, parallel to the Latin <em>dies Veneris<\/em>).<\/p><p>The Christianization of Scandinavia (10th to 12th century) interrupted the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of religious acts of veneration for a deity or sacred figure.\" tabindex=\"0\">cult<\/span>, but it was preserved in the name of the weekday, in folk <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The totality of the customs handed down within a community.\" tabindex=\"0\">customs<\/span> and in the literary tradition. In the 19th and 20th centuries there was a Germanic-romantic and neopagan Asatru revival.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Area of Distribution<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Direct Frigg <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A structure that serves the veneration of one or more deities.\" tabindex=\"0\">temples<\/span> are not clearly documented. Old Germanic veneration was essentially household cult and <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Religious ideas and customs that are widespread in everyday life.\" tabindex=\"0\">folk belief<\/span>. Tacitus mentions a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sacred stand of trees that served as a place of worship.\" tabindex=\"0\">grove<\/span> in the Black Forest as a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Belonging to the divine and thereby withdrawn from everyday use.\" tabindex=\"0\">sacred<\/span> site.<\/p><p>In the Scandinavian Middle Ages her appearances are dominated by literary sources (Edda, skaldic poetry). In the modern <em>Asatru<\/em> tradition (Germanic heathen <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The academic discipline that studies religions comparatively and without confessional commitment.\" tabindex=\"0\">religion<\/span> active since the 1970s) she is again actively venerated; Asatru bl\u00f3t gatherings exist today in Germany, the USA and Scandinavia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Source Situation<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Central sources: <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Icelandic scholar (1179-1241); author of the Prose Edda and the Heimskringla.\">Snorri Sturluson<\/span>, <em>Prose Edda<\/em> (Gylfaginning, Skaldskaparmal); <em>Poetic Edda<\/em> (Vafthrudnismal, Lokasenna with Frigg&#8217;s defense speech); Saxo Grammaticus, <em>Gesta Danorum<\/em> (12th century, euhemerized Germanic myths); Tacitus, <em>Germania<\/em> (1st century).<\/p><p>Secondary literature: Simek, <em>Lexikon der germanischen <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of a culture's transmitted tales of the gods.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mythologie<\/span><\/em>; de Vries, <em>Altgermanische Religionsgeschichte<\/em>; Lindow, <em>Norse Mythology. A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs<\/em>; Davidson, <em>Roles of the Northern Goddess<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Name<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Frigg is depicted as a mature, dignified woman, often with a distaff or a bunch of keys, both symbols of domestic power in the Viking-age North.<\/p><p>Her falcon garment grants her, and occasionally gods who borrow it such as Loki, the ability to fly. The twelve Asynjur, subordinate goddesses, are regarded as her attendants. Her colors are white, silver and pale blue; her animal is the falcon.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Description<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Frigg guarantees the order of the household and of kinship.<\/p><p>She knows the fate of all beings but remains silent about it. This gift makes her a tragic mother: she knows of the death of her son Baldur but cannot prevent it. In the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> of Baldur&#8217;s death she tries to bind all things of the cosmos by an oath never to harm her son, and in doing so overlooks the young mistletoe sprig with which Loki ultimately kills him.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profile: Frigg<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The most important aspects of Frigg at a glance. The following fields summarize origin, function, appearance, veneration, symbols and cultural parallels.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tradition<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Frigg is the wife of Odin (Germanic Wodan) and mother of the bright god <em>Baldur<\/em>. Daughter of Fjorgyn (in one tradition; the genealogy is unclear). Leader of the <em>Aesir goddesses<\/em> (Asynjur).<\/p><p>Her main myth is foresight and the futile attempt to save her son Baldur from death: she has all things in the world swear not to harm him, but overlooks the mistletoe, which Loki later uses to kill Baldur.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sphere of Influence<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mother goddess, patroness of marriage and the household. Keeper of the keys of the house (a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A sign that stands in place of an idea or meaning.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> of household authority; in Old Germanic tradition the mistress of the house carried a bunch of keys at her belt).<\/p><p>All-knowing seeress who nonetheless keeps silent (unlike Odin, who speaks). In personal folk cult, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address to a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocation<\/span> during labor, at weddings, for the protection of the home. In the Asatru movement she is patroness of women&#8217;s <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A ritual transition through which someone is admitted to a new status or community.\" tabindex=\"0\">initiation<\/span> and of the family bl\u00f3t.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Frigg's Appearance<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Frigg has no fixed iconographic form from the Viking Age (there are very few pictorial depictions of Germanic deities). In the literary tradition: a matronly female figure with long fair hair, in a festive court robe, with a bunch of keys at her belt, often seated at the spinning wheel (she spins fate).<\/p><p>In folk tradition she is linked with the constellation of Orion&#8217;s Belt (in northern Germany the <em>Friggerock<\/em>, Frigg&#8217;s distaff). In modern Asatru visual art she is typically shown as a noble matronly queen with crown and jewelry.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Frigg's Effect<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Sphere of influence:<\/strong> In the Old Germanic household cult, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address to a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocation<\/span> in matters of birth, before weddings, for the protection of the home. <em>Frigg&#8217;s distaff<\/em> (a constellation) was associated in northern German folk tradition with weather forecasting and the protection of spinners. In Christianity she was reinterpreted as Mary (Mary the spinner).<\/p><p>In the modern Asatru tradition (active again in Germany, Scandinavia, the USA and the UK since the 1970s) she is <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The petitioning or invoking address to a deity or power.\" tabindex=\"0\">invoked<\/span> at women&#8217;s initiation bl\u00f3t and at family festivals. No central feast day is documented, but <em>Friday<\/em> (Frigg&#8217;s day) is traditionally regarded as her weekday.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Means of Protection<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bunch of keys (household authority), spinning wheel\/distaff, falcon-feather cloak (which she lends to Loki), festive court robe, crown. Sacred plants: mistletoe (central in the Baldur <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span>, paradoxically as her oversight), lady&#8217;s mantle (a folk Frigg plant).<\/p><p>Sacred animals: falcon (through her feather cloak), cuckoo (in folk tradition), stork (brings the children, birth symbolism). Sacred weekday: Friday.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Counterparts<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Freyja<\/em> (Germanic, Vanir goddess of love; in some scholarly theories identical with or closely related to Frigg, but clearly distinguished in the Edda tradition), <em>Fricka<\/em> (Old High German, a later variant), <em>Hera<\/em> (Greece, wife of Zeus, patroness of marriage), <em>Iuno<\/em> (Rome), <em>Inanna\/Ishtar<\/em> (Mesopotamia, but more strongly erotic).<\/p><p>German linguistic relatives: <em>Friede<\/em>, <em>Frigerich<\/em>. Functionally paralleled with Hera\/Iuno as a &#8220;mother goddess and patroness of the household.&#8221;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Frigg, Parallels in Other Cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Functionally comparable are Iuno (Rome) as goddess of marriage and the city, Hera (Greece) as high goddess and consort of the chief god, and Frigga as a South German variant. Etymologically she is related to Freyja, both names going back to the Indo-European *priH-jaH (the beloved). In the Anglo-Saxon tradition she appears as Frige.<\/p><p><strong>Indo-European comparative goddesses:<\/strong> In religious-studies research Frigg is understood as a representative of an Indo-European layer of goddesses that extends across various cultures. The structural similarity to Hera in Greek religion (as the wife of the king of the gods, protector of marriage and family) points to a shared Indo-European heritage.<\/p><p>Parallels likewise appear with the Roman Iuno (Latinized Juno), who stood alongside Jupiter and Minerva in the Capitoline triad. Both goddesses share with Frigg the attributes of the wife-goddess, of fertility and of domestic protection.<\/p><p>The Vedic Saraswati, by contrast, represents more the aspects of wisdom and knowledge, yet traces of the mother-goddess function can be found in her as well.<\/p><p><strong>Slavic-Baltic parallels:<\/strong> In the Slavic traditions Mokosh appears as an earth and mother goddess associated with fertility, craft and female destiny. The Baltic Lauma has similar traits as a goddess of fate and protector of the family.<\/p><p>Both show structural kinship with Frigg: they act as mediators between the world of gods and the world of humans, weave the fate of mortals and shape the domestic and the cultic. Frigg&#8217;s aspect as weaver and spinner, knowing the fates of all yet not revealing them, resonates directly with these Eastern European goddesses.<\/p><p><strong>Celtic-Scandinavian syncretisms:<\/strong> The Irish Brigit embodies similarities with Frigg in her role as protector of craft (especially smithing and weaving) and as goddess of sacred sites. The warlike Macha in turn shares with Frigg authority over the fate of warriors and rulers.<\/p><p>In the Norse <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Fusion of elements of different religions or cults into mixed forms, as in Haitian Vodou.\">syncretism<\/span> process, especially where the Vanir (fertility and household gods such as Freya) were interwoven with the Aesir (ruling gods such as Odin and Frigg), hybrid forms emerged in which Frigga features (protection, weaving, marriage) were mixed with Freya features (love, sexuality, martial training).<\/p><p>These syncretistic processes point to a shared Indo-European core that differentiated itself in various ways across the cultures.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0bf895f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp0bf895f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp56cc4ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp56cc4ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Frigg in the Poetic Edda and the Prose Edda<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp29e9373 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp29e9373\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8315ca5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp8315ca5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The most important testimonies about Frigg come from the two medieval collections known by the name <em>Edda<\/em>. The older one, the Poetic Edda, offers a vivid picture above all in the poem <em>Lokasenna<\/em>: there the gods quarrel, and Loki accuses Frigg of having taken up with others while Odin was far away.<\/p><p>Frigg answers with restraint, and Freyja defends her with the remark that Frigg knows the fate of all, even if she does not speak it. This passage is central because it ascribes to Frigg a knowledge of fate that she keeps to herself.<\/p><p>More detailed is the Prose Edda, the textbook of poetics written in the thirteenth century by Snorri Sturluson. Snorri calls Frigg the foremost of the Aesir goddesses, the wife of Odin and the mother of Baldr.<\/p><p>In his work is also found the most detailed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> about Frigg, the prelude to Baldr&#8217;s death. Frigg has an oath taken from all things in the world not to harm Baldr, but overlooks the young mistletoe sprig, which she considers too insignificant. Loki exploits precisely this gap.<\/p><p>Snorri is a valuable but not unproblematic source. He wrote a good two centuries after the Christianization of Iceland and arranged the transmitted material into a system partly shaped by learned and Christian ideas.<\/p><p>Religious-studies research therefore reads Snorri as an editor, not as a direct witness to a heathen religion. Nevertheless his account preserves narrative cores that are also found in part in the older poetry and are thus regarded as comparatively old.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc3f2470 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpc3f2470\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpab01758 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpab01758\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Baldr Myth and Frigg's Vain Precaution<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpadb449b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpadb449b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1c6dfe0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp1c6dfe0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The best-known <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> in which Frigg plays a decisive role is the death of her son Baldr.<\/p><p>The narrative combines several themes important to the Norse image of the gods: the inevitability of fate, the limits of divine power and the destructive influence of Loki. Frigg stands at the center of the attempt to avert the foreseen calamity.<\/p><p>When Baldr is plagued by evil dreams, Frigg travels through the world and takes from all things, from fire, water, iron, stone, animals and diseases, the promise to do her son no harm.<\/p><p>Only the mistletoe does she pass over. Loki learns of this, fashions a missile from the mistletoe sprig and induces the blind H\u00f6dr to hurl it at Baldr. Baldr dies, and Frigg&#8217;s careful precaution proves insufficient.<\/p><p>In research this <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> is interpreted in different ways. Some see in it an old narrative about the dying and non-returning god, others emphasize the literary <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A recurring thematic element in art or narrative.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> of the one overlooked possibility that undoes the whole undertaking.<\/p><p>Important is Frigg&#8217;s double role: she is the one who knows fate and at the same time the one who cannot avert it. After Baldr&#8217;s death she sends a messenger into the underworld, and the recovery almost succeeds, but once again Loki prevents the success.<\/p><p>The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A transmitted narrative about gods, origins and the order of the world.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> shows Frigg as an active, far-sighted figure whose power, however, finds its limit at the order of fate. Further connections lead to other figures of the <a href=\"\/en\/germanic\/\">Germanic pantheon<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7ba8148 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp7ba8148\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpeaa0648 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpeaa0648\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Frigg, Freyja and the Problem of the Double Goddess<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdbeb154 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpdbeb154\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpda43d24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpda43d24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>One of the oldest and most discussed questions in the history of Norse religion is the relationship between Frigg and Freyja. Both goddesses display striking commonalities. Both are credited with a feather garment with which one can fly.<\/p><p>Both are connected with love, marriage and fertility. Both their names can be traced linguistically to similar roots, with <em>Frigg<\/em> being linked to a word for &#8220;love&#8221; and <em>Freyja<\/em> to &#8220;lady.&#8221;<\/p><p>Part of the older research, for instance in the circle of Jan de Vries, therefore supposed that Frigg and Freyja had originally been a single goddess who split into two figures only in the course of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">transmission<\/span>.<\/p><p>Other researchers, including newer work on the Viking Age, argue against this, pointing out that both goddesses are clearly distinguished in the sources: Frigg belongs to the Aesir, Freyja to the Vanir, they have different husbands and different functional emphases.<\/p><p>Frigg is more strongly connected with marriage, household and motherhood, Freyja with desire, war and a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Practices that seek to intervene in the course of events through special actions or formulas.\" tabindex=\"0\">magical<\/span> art of her own, the <em>sei\u00f0r<\/em>.<\/p><p>The discussion is still unsettled today, because the sources permit no clear verdict. What can be held is that both goddesses were venerated as separate figures in the transmitted religion of the Viking Age, though their similarity may point to a shared prehistory or to a mutual influence.<\/p><p>For an understanding of Frigg the distinction is important: she is not the goddess of love in the sense of desire, but the mistress of the house, of marriage and of far-sighted care. A comparison with <a href=\"\/en\/germanic\/\">related female figures<\/a> of the <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">transmission<\/span> sharpens this profile.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp967972e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp967972e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4b21c27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp4b21c27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Traces on the Continent, in Place Names and in the Weekday<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7a1b465 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp7a1b465\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp193b30a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp193b30a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Frigg is not only a figure of Old Norse poetry but left traces throughout the Germanic language area. The clearest evidence is the weekday Friday.<\/p><p>The Roman naming of the weekdays assigned planetary gods to the days, and the day of Venus was given to a goddess of its own when it was taken over into Germanic.<\/p><p>In English <em>Friday<\/em>, in German <em>Freitag<\/em>, and similarly in the Nordic languages, this equation is present. Which goddess exactly was meant, Frigg or Freyja, is disputed because of the kinship already mentioned, but most language historians tend toward Frigg or her continental equivalent.<\/p><p>On the continent a goddess related to Frigg appears in Lombard <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">transmission<\/span> under the name <em>Frea<\/em>. In his <em>Historia Langobardorum<\/em> from the eighth century, Paulus Diaconus reports a narrative in which Frea helps her husband Godan, that is Odin, to victory through a ruse.<\/p><p>This episode counts as an important indication that the veneration of a Frigg figure was not limited to Scandinavia but was known among various Germanic peoples.<\/p><p>Place names that refer to Frigg are rarer and less certain than with some other deities, which research partly explains by the domestic, less publicly cultic character of her veneration. An old designation of the constellation now known as Orion&#8217;s Belt was in Scandinavia partly connected with Frigg, but this <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">transmission<\/span> is late and uncertain.<\/p><p>On the whole, the search for traces shows that Frigg, beyond the Icelandic texts, was a broadly anchored figure whose veneration nonetheless played out more in the domestic than in the monumental sphere and therefore left fewer visible archaeological traces.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Further Links<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/odin\/\">Odin, consort (if a page exists)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/freyja\/\">Freyja, related Germanic goddess<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/en\/loki\/\">Loki, antagonist in the Baldur myth (if a page exists)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/en\/germanic\/\">Germanic, pantheon overview<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/en\/high-deities\/\">High deities, sub-category<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/en\/gods\/\">Gods, class overview<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literature (Selection)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Simek, Rudolf: <em>Lexikon der germanischen <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The entirety of a culture's transmitted tales of the gods.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mythologie<\/span><\/em>. Stuttgart 2006.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>de Vries, Jan: <em>Altgermanische Religionsgeschichte<\/em>. 2 vols., Berlin 1956\/57.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Lindow, John: <em>Norse Mythology. A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs<\/em>. Oxford 2001.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Davidson, Hilda Ellis: <em>Roles of the Northern Goddess<\/em>. London 1998.<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Icelandic scholar (1179-1241); author of the Prose Edda and the Heimskringla.\">Snorri Sturluson<\/span>: <em>Snorra-Edda<\/em> (numerous translations).<\/li><li>Walde, Christine (ed.): <em>Der Neue Pauly<\/em> (entry &#8220;Frigg&#8221;).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-frigg e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-frigg\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-frigg-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-frigg-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the Norse <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"The passing on of knowledge and narratives across generations.\" tabindex=\"0\">transmission<\/span> Frigg counts as <em>High Goddess<\/em> of the Aesir, wife of Odin and mother of Baldur; the Edda portrays her as guardian of the threads of fate and steward of oaths.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Frigg, Goddess of the Germanic Tradition High goddess of Germanic mythology, wife of Odin, mother of Baldur. In the Norse sources Frigg counts as the highest goddess of the Aesir family and ruler of Fensalir. She stands for marriage, motherhood and the ordered household, and at the same time possesses the gift of seeing fate [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4242,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"frigg","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Frigg: High Goddess of the Aesir, Mother of Baldur","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Frigg, High Goddess of the Aesir and mother of Baldur. Knowledge of fate, motherhood, household: sources in the Edda","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[79,89,86],"class_list":["post-4241","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cultures","category-germanic","category-gods"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Frigg: High Goddess of the Aesir, Mother of Baldur<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Frigg, High Goddess of the Aesir and mother of Baldur. 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