{"id":17996,"date":"2026-06-21T13:36:45","date_gmt":"2026-06-21T13:36:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ksitigarbha-2\/"},"modified":"2026-06-21T13:36:45","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T13:36:45","slug":"ksitigarbha","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/el\/ksitigarbha\/","title":{"rendered":"Ksitigarbha"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"17996\" class=\"elementor elementor-17996 elementor-3038 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e868ac8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e868ac8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe78d0d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fe78d0d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a4c167 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3a4c167\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e09f43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5e09f43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ksitigarbha, Bodhisattva \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a54a838 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a54a838\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u039f Ksitigarbha (Sanskrit \u00ab\u039c\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae Bodhisattva \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Mahayana \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03bf Bodhisattva \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u038c\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf<\/span> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p><p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 Dizang, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 Jizo, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1 Jijang Bosal. \u039f \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 Bodhisattva \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a44f4a2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a44f4a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1765563 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"1765563\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u0398\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2 \/ \u0398\u03b5\u03ac: \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03cd\u03c8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u2013 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bc\u03bf\u03af\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1\u03ce\u03bd.\">\u0398\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2<\/span><a href=\"\/el\/voudismos\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 Bodhisattvas, \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.\">\u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3325e6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b3325e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90cd16e elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"90cd16e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__90cd16e\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__90cd16e\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__90cd16e\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0b2456 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f0b2456\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c4716c iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6c4716c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3274\" alt=\"Ksitigarbha - G\u00f6tter aus der Buddhismus-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0214908 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0214908\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0b1329 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d0b1329\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc79855 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dc79855\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 Sanskrit \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f19d17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f19d17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Ksitigarbha-Bodhisattva-Purvapranidhana-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span>, \u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 Dizang-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span>. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03ce\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1\u00b7 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad.<\/p><p>\u039f\u03b9 Robert Buswell \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Donald Lopez (\u00abPrinceton Dictionary of Buddhism\u00bb, Princeton 2014) \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0391\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03b1 Bodhisattva \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae.<\/p><p>\u03a4\u03bf <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ksitigarbha, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2, \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 \u0392\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u038c\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf<\/span> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7. \u039f \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2: \u00ab\u0395\u03c6\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03c9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03c9 \u0392\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2\u00b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03c9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ad\u03bb\u03b8\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039d\u03b9\u03c1\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1.\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf, \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Dasakra-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ksitigarbha. \u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf Bodhisattva \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0391\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 Tripitaka.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe85b6b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fe85b6b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac0183d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ac0183d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d06f78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8d06f78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc Mahayana \u03bf Dizang \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd Bodhisattvas, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Avalokiteshvara (Guanyin), \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Manjushri (Wenshu) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Samantabhadra (Puxian). \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2\u00b7 \u03bf Dizang \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf Jiuhua Shan \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Anhui. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 9\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03bf.<\/p><p>\u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03bf Ksitigarbha \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Avalokiteshvara \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Bodhisattva \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2. \u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf Avalokiteshvara \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf, \u03bf Ksitigarbha \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03be\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (naraka) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 (preta).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a88e1a2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a88e1a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2848bc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2848bc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5f7b92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d5f7b92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u039f Ksitigarbha \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03cc\u03c2, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 Bodhisattvas, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf Khakkhara, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b4\u03af \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cd\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p><p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 Cintamani, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03be\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd. \u0397 \u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Jizo \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u00b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03bf\u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2620dd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a2620dd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb2e2e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb2e2e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jiuhua Shan \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b8\u03c1\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 Kim<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e17f5b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e17f5b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc Jiuhua \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 Anhui \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 8\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Dizang. \u0397 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03b8\u03c1\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2<\/span> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 Kim Gyo-gak (\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac Jin Qiaojue), \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 720 \u03ae\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc.<\/p><p>\u039b\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ad\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 99 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u00b7 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ksitigarbha.<\/p><p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1. \u039f Hans Steininger (\u00abBuddhistische Pilgerst\u00e4tten Chinas\u00bb, Wiesbaden 1976) \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Jiuhua Shan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a107da e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a107da\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-125645b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"125645b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jizo \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f38ebe1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f38ebe1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf Jizo \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p><p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Mizuko-Jizo \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u00ab\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u00bb (mizuko), \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ad\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 20\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf 1948, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1.<\/p><p>\u039f William LaFleur \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u00abLiquid Life. Abortion and Buddhism in Japan\u00bb (Princeton 1992) \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p><p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 Jizo \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 12\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93f37fc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"93f37fc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cd22f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3cd22f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u039f\u03b9 \u0394\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-442474d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"442474d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03bf\u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf Ksitigarbha \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (shidian yanjun). \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf. \u039f Ksitigarbha \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2\u00b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2.<\/p><p>\u03a4\u03bf \u00ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0394\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd\u00bb (Shiwang jing), <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03bf<\/span> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u039f Stephen Teiser \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u00abThe Scripture of the Ten Kings\u00bb (Honolulu 1994) \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03be\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b1\u03bf\u03ca\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5afb81 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5afb81\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ae3159 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ae3159\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abac0ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"abac0ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0397 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 Ksitigarbha \u2013 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/span> \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Dizang-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span>, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf. \u0397 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac zhongyin), \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf Dizang \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf.<\/p><p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span>, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 (punya) \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf Dizang \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u00b7 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd 30\u03ae \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38727b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"38727b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3434ad5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3434ad5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u03a4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0398\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65ca3ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65ca3ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u039f Robert Buswell \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u00abThe Formation of Ch&#8217;an Ideology in China and Korea\u00bb (Princeton 1989) \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Ksitigarbha \u2013 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/span> \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd. \u039f \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p><p>\u039f Dizang \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03ba\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c335c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7c335c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd98313 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dd98313\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae558d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ae558d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2: Ksitigarbha-Bodhisattva-Purvapranidhana-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> (Dizang-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span>)\u00b7 Dasakra-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ksitigarbha\u00b7 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0394\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd (Shiwang jing).<\/p>\n<p>\u0394\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1: Stephen Teiser, \u00abThe Scripture of the Ten Kings\u00bb, Honolulu 1994\u00b7 William LaFleur, \u00abLiquid Life.<\/p><p>Abortion and Buddhism in Japan\u00bb, Princeton 1992\u00b7 Robert Buswell, \u00abThe Formation of Ch&#8217;an Ideology in China and Korea\u00bb, Princeton 1989\u00b7 Hans Steininger, \u00abBuddhistische Pilgerst\u00e4tten Chinas\u00bb, Wiesbaden 1976\u00b7 Robert Buswell \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Donald Lopez, \u00abPrinceton Dictionary of Buddhism\u00bb, Princeton 2014\u00b7 Klaus-Josef Notz, \u00abBuddhismus\u00bb, Stuttgart 2002.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd3d36b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bd3d36b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13f3cf2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13f3cf2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jiuhua Shan \u03c9\u03c2 \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dcb5fa1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dcb5fa1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u03a4\u03bf Jiuhua Shan \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 Anhui \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03cd\u03bc\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc.<\/p><p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03bd\u03b1\u03bf\u03af<\/span>\u00b7 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 8\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9 Huacheng Si \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 401 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u039a\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf-\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Dao, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039f\u03b4\u03cc.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a4\u03b1\u03bf\u03ca\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/span>&#8211;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0399\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc<\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c4\u03bf 781.<\/p><p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 (\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd), \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/span> \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc. \u0399\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03ad\u03b8\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf<\/span> \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p><p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u00ab\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u00bb \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de3b676 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de3b676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85b530d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"85b530d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03a3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u039b\u03b5\u03af\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8258b86 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8258b86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0391\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Jiuhua \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u00ab\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u0392\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2\u00bb (rou shen pusa). \u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1 Kim Gyo-gak, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03b8\u03c1\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf<\/span> \u03ad\u03b6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc, \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf.<\/p><p>\u03a9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 20\u03cc \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 Jiuhua \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd\u00b7 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Tang, \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Ming \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Qing, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 19\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 20\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p><p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u00b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/span> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u039a\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf-\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Dao, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039f\u03b4\u03cc.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a4\u03b1\u03bf\u03ca\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc<\/span>. \u039f Bernard Faure \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22bf0c9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"22bf0c9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-436cae8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"436cae8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae Jizo \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u0399\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29b3aef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29b3aef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf Jizo \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03ba\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p><p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03a4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 Mizuko-Jizo.<\/p><p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae \u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac, \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1. \u039f\u03b9 William LaFleur \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Helen Hardacre \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p><p>\u0392\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03bd\u03b1\u03ce\u03bd<\/span>, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03bd\u03b1\u03bf\u03af<\/span> \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fe866f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3fe866f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3356a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c3356a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ksitigarbha \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u0395\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90b7018 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"90b7018\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd 15\u03b7 \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 (\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03b1\u03ca\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0391\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Ksitigarbha \u2013 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/span>.<\/p><p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8&#8217; \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cd\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2\u00b7 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ad\u03bb\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b6\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p><p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac, \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u039d\u03b1\u03bf\u03af<\/span> \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Dizang-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p><p>\u039f \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 Dizang \u2013 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/span> \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Tang\u00b7 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/span> \u00abYulanpen Hui\u00bb (Ullambana-\u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03be\u03b7), \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Ullambana-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f51568 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8f51568\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7325a99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7325a99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u03a4\u03bf Dasheng Daji Dizang Shilun-\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2b77a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2b77a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u038c\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/span> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha (Dizang pusa benyuan jing), \u03c4\u03bf \u00ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0394\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03a4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha\u00bb (Dasheng Daji Dizang Shilun jing, Taisho 411) \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf.<\/p><p>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Xuanzang \u03c4\u03bf 651 \u03bc.\u03a7. \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Dizang \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Mahayana-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd<\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u00ab\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0394\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u0394\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd\u00bb.<\/p><p>\u0397 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Zhiru Ng (\u00abThe Making of a Savior Bodhisattva\u00bb, Honolulu 2007) \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/span> Ksitigarbha, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03bf Benyuan-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae Sui \u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 Tang \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2531f9b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2531f9b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a4e916 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8a4e916\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u039f\u03b9 \u0388\u03be\u03b9 \u039f\u03b4\u03bf\u03af \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u0395\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ksitigarbha<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7355a58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7355a58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf Ksitigarbha \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Bodhisattva \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b4\u03b1 Shakyamuni \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Maitreya, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03be\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03af, \u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03b9, \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9, \u03b6\u03ce\u03b1, \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1). \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b4\u03b1 Shakyamuni \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03ae Pariwarta \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Benyuan-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span>.<\/p><p>\u0397 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf Ksitigarbha \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03af\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9&#8217; \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u00ab\u0394\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u039a\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u00bb (Shi Wang), \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 9\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db7b191 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db7b191\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ead0df8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ead0df8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u0391\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 Roku-Jizo \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4247ee8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4247ee8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03be\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Jizo (Roku-Jizo), \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03be\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae Heian (9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 12\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae Tendai.<\/p><p>\u039f Hank Glassman (\u00abThe Face of Jizo\u00bb, Honolulu 2012) \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Roku-Jizo \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p><p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1: \u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03b4\u03af Khakkhara (\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1), \u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd (Cintamani), <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span>-\u03ba\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03ba\u03b9 \u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u039a\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03af Roku-Jizo \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae Roku-Jizo-Meguri.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fb8a91 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3fb8a91\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb04ed6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eb04ed6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mizuko-Kuyo \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u0392\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03a4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03a0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0a53cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e0a53cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae Mizuko-Kuyo (\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03c5\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b7) \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf 1948 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u039f Jizo \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p><p>\u039f William LaFleur (\u00abLiquid Life\u00bb, Princeton 1992) \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf Mizuko-Kuyo \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.<\/p><p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae: <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03bd\u03b1\u03bf\u03af<\/span> \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf Hase-dera \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u039a\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 Jizo \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2. \u0397 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b92766 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5b92766\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2068be5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2068be5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ksitigarbha \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Vajrayana<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8ac0c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f8ac0c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bf Ksitigarbha (Sai Nyingpo) \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0391\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u0391\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd Bodhisattvas (rgyal sras chen po brgyad), \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b8\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Tara.<\/p><p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u039a\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1<\/span>-\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Garbhadhatu- \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Vajradhatu-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u039a\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1<\/span>, \u03bf Ksitigarbha \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1. \u0397 Yael Bentor (\u00abConsecration of Images and Stupas in Indo-Tibetan Tantric Buddhism\u00bb, Leiden 1996) \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u039a\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1<\/span> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ksitigarbha \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96aa37a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"96aa37a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-254f540 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"254f540\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0397 \u03a3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae Jiuhua \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d99b4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d99b4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc Jiuhua \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Anhui \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae Tang \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 Ksitigarbha. \u0397 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b5 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u00abJiuhua-Yinyue\u00bb \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u0397 UNESCO \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03be\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf 2008 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c5\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p><p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b7\u03c7\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1980. \u0397 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bf\u03b3\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03bd\u03b1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac. \u0397 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 30\u03ae \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b8\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ksitigarbha, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae Anhui \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f161d5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8f161d5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f87a44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f87a44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u0395\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba2ceb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ba2ceb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Ksitigarbha \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Avalokiteshvara;<\/strong> \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 Bodhisattvas \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u039f Avalokiteshvara \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf, \u03bf Ksitigarbha \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u039f Avalokiteshvara \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bf Ksitigarbha \u03c9\u03c2 \u03be\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03cc\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Ksitigarbha \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac;<\/strong> \u039f \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac (mizuko), \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 12\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 20\u03cc \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0399\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc<\/span> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ksitigarbha;<\/strong> \u03a4\u03bf Jiuhua Shan \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 Anhui \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae \u03ae \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u039c\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Ksitigarbha;<\/strong> \u03a4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae \u03ae \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u039c\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1<\/span> \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2: \u00abom ha ha ha vismaye svaha\u00bb\u00b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3274,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Ksitigarbha","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ksitigarbha \u2013 Bodhisattva \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"\u039f Ksitigarbha (\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0. Jizo) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Bodhisattva \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[48,27],"class_list":["post-17996","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-buddhismus","category-goetter"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ksitigarbha \u2013 Bodhisattva \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u039f Ksitigarbha (\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0. 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