{"id":191475,"date":"2026-09-07T07:26:07","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T07:26:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=191475"},"modified":"2026-09-07T07:29:24","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T07:29:24","slug":"pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/","title":{"rendered":"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear yr Andes"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"191475\" class=\"elementor elementor-191475 elementor-2575 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pachamama, Mam-Ddaear a duwies ffrwythlondeb byd yr Andes<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mae Pachamama, Duw-Fam Ddaear yr Andes, hyd heddiw yn ffigwr crefyddol pwysicaf bywyd bob dydd y boblogaeth ucheldirol sy&#8217;n siarad Quechua ac Aymara. Yn wahanol i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y cyfanswm o weithredoedd addoli crefyddol tuag at dduwdod neu ffigwr sanctaidd.\" tabindex=\"0\">gwlt<\/span> ymerodrol y wladwriaeth, sef <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/inti-duw-haul-inca\/\">Inti<\/a>, mae addoliad Pachamama wedi&#8217;i wreiddio&#8217;n ddwfn yng nghylchoedd blynyddol ac oes amaethyddol, ac wedi goroesi&#8217;r cyfnod trefedigaethol ar ffurf synhwyrol.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duwies o draddodiad yr Andes \/ yr Inca.\">Duwies<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/andenkulturen-inca-inti-pachamama-viracocha\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mytholeg traddodiad yr Andes \/ yr Inca.\">Andes \/ Inca<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mam-Ddaear.\">Mam-Ddaear<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Ni chanfuwyd unrhyw benawdau ar y dudalen hon.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tCynnwys\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-pachamama-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-pachamama-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-pachamama-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-193414\" alt=\"Pachamama \u2013 duwiau o&apos;r traddodiad Inca yn yr Andes, yn arddull ddarluniadol hanesyddol\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lle yn y pantheon Andeaidd<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mae Pachamama (Quechua: <em>pacha<\/em>, byd, amser, gofod; <em>mama<\/em>, mam) yn cyfeirio, yng nghrefyddau traddodiadol ucheldiroedd yr Andes, at y niwminositi benywaidd hwnnw sy&#8217;n weithredol yn nhir ffrwythlon y ddaear, yn y caeau wedi&#8217;u trin, ac wrth atgynhyrchu bywyd.<\/p><p>Ers <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y ddysgeidiaeth wyddonol am Dduw a chred crefydd.\" tabindex=\"0\">ddiwinyddiaeth<\/span> cyfnod yr Inca, mae&#8217;n cael ei chyfrif ymhlith y prif dduwdodau uwch, ochr yn ochr ag Inti, y duw taranau <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/illapa-duw-taranau-tywydd-inca\/\">Illapa<\/a>, duwies y lleuad <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/mama-killa-duwies-lleuad-inca\/\">Mama Killa<\/a>, a&#8217;r cr\u00ebwr <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/viracocha-duw-creawdwr-yr-andes\/\">Viracocha<\/a>.<\/p><p>Dangosodd yr ethnolegydd crefyddol Joseph Bastien (<em>Mountain of the Condor<\/em>, 1978), ar gyfer ucheldiroedd Aymara Bolifia, fod Pachamama yn cael ei phrofi&#8217;n lleol yn llai fel duwies bersonol ac yn fwy fel sylwedd byw&#8217;r ddaear ei hun.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r sylweddoldeb hwn yn ei gwahaniaethu&#8217;n strwythurol oddi wrth lawer o ffigyrau clasurol y Fam Ddaear o ranbarth M\u00f4r y Canoldir (Demeter, Gaia), sydd wedi&#8217;u personoli&#8217;n fwy mytholegol.<\/p><p>O ran ei chysylltiad \u00e2 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y ddysgeidiaeth wyddonol am Dduw a chred crefydd.\" tabindex=\"0\">diwinyddiaeth<\/span> y wladwriaeth <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/andenkulturen-inca-inti-pachamama-viracocha\/\">Inca<\/a>, meddiannai Pachamama safle isradd nodedig: pwysleisiai gwlt swyddogol yr ymerodraeth y duw gwrywaidd Inti, tra oedd mwyafrif y boblogaeth wledig yn aberthu i Pachamama.<\/p><p>Mae Catherine Allen (<em>The Hold Life Has<\/em>, 2002) yn galw&#8217;r berthynas hon yn haenu rhywedd-benodol o fewn system grefyddol yr Andes, lle mae diwinyddiaeth heulog wrywaidd yn gorwedd uwchben diwinyddiaeth ddaear fenywaidd h\u0177n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Enw ac Etymoleg<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mae&#8217;r term Quechua <em>pacha<\/em> yn semantig eithriadol gymhleth. Mae&#8217;n cyfeirio ar yr un pryd at amser (cyfnod penodol), gofod (y byd yn ei gyfanrwydd), a chyflwr y byd.<\/p><p>Mae Diego Gonzalez Holguin, yn ei <em>Vocabulario de la lengua general<\/em> (1608), yn ei gyfieithu yn \u00f4l y cyd-destun fel <em>mundo<\/em>, <em>tiempo<\/em> neu <em>suelo<\/em>. Felly, mae Pachamama yn <em>Fam Realiti&#8217;r Byd Cyfan<\/em>, nid yn unig y pridd.<\/p><p>Yn Aymara Andes Bolifia, ceir yr un cyfystyr <em>Pachamama<\/em> hefyd, wedi&#8217;i newid ambell waith i <em>Pachatata<\/em> (Tad-Ddaear) ar gyfer y cymar gwrywaidd. Yn Quechua Cajamarca ac yn ardal Ayacucho, ceir ffurf leol <em>Mama Pacha<\/em> gyda threfn wrthdro&#8217;r elfennau, ond yr un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bod a addolir fel dwyfol o fewn crefydd.\" tabindex=\"0\">dduwdod<\/span> a olygir.<\/p><p>Mae etymoleg amgen yn cysylltu <em>pacha<\/em> \u00e2 chysyniad trefn gosmolegol.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r hanesydd crefyddol Frank Salomon yn nodi yn <em>Native Lords of Quito<\/em> (1986) fod <em>pacha<\/em>, yn iaith cyfnod yr Incaod, hefyd yn golygu oes-fyd hanesyddol gyfnodol (Cyn-Inca, Inca, \u00d4l-Goncwest), ac felly gellir deall Pachamama fel <em>Mam Pob Oes-Fyd<\/em>, syniad sy&#8217;n bwysig iawn yn y mythau Pachakuti (chwyldroadau&#8217;r byd).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Disgrifiad ac Eiconograffeg<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yn wahanol i Inti, y priodolwyd iddo ddarlun cwltig penodol (y Punchao), ni chafodd Pachamama ei darlunio&#8217;n anthropomorffig i raddau helaeth yn iconograffeg cyfnod yr Incaod. Ymddengys yn bennaf ar ffurf lleoedd a gwrthrychau seremon\u00efol: yn y dywarchen ddaear a drinnir, yn y pentyrrau cerrig <em>apacheta<\/em> ar fylchau mynyddoedd, ar leoedd aberthu <em>mesa<\/em>, ac yn y pyllau aberth a gladdwyd.<\/p><p>Yn gelfyddyd werin cyfnod y drefedigaeth a chyfnod modern, caiff hi ei darlunio&#8217;n gynyddol yn anthropomorffig fel gwraig frodorol mewn gwisg draddodiadol, gyda sgert polleras lydan, mantell, a het bowler (yn gyd-destun Aymara Bolifia). Yn achlysurol mae&#8217;n cario plentyn neu liain cario <em>aguayo<\/em> yn llawn grawn Andeaidd.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r darluniau hyn wedi&#8217;u dylanwadu&#8217;n bennaf gan synretiaeth Gristnogol drwy iconograffeg Fair, yn arbennig gan Madonna Copacabana a Madonna del Cerro (Potosi), lle mae addoliad y Fam-Ddaear ac addoliad Mair yn cyfuno.<\/p><p>Ar y crochenwaith cyn-Sbaenaidd a oroesodd o ddiwylliannau Moche a Wari, ceir ffigyrau benywaidd \u00e2 nodweddion rhyw cynradd ac eilaidd amlwg, a gaiff eu dehongli&#8217;n archeolegol yn aml fel <em>rhagflaenwyr Pachamama<\/em>. Fodd bynnag, mae&#8217;r priodoliad hwn yn ddyfaliad, gan na oes gennym y term emig. Mae Christopher Donnan yn <em>Moche Art<\/em> (1978) wedi rhybuddio dros bwyll wrth wneud adnabyddiaethau o&#8217;r math hwn.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Chwedlau mytholegol<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mae&#8217;r <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Trosglwyddo gwybodaeth a naratifau dros genedlaethau.\" tabindex=\"0\">draddodiad<\/span> mytholegol ynghylch Pachamama yn syndod o denau yn y croniclau cynnar, peth y mae Pierre Duviols wedi&#8217;i esbonio fel canlyniad safbwynt gwrywaidd-imperialaidd amlwg y croniclwyr Sbaenaidd. Yr hyn sydd ar gael yn bennaf yw darnau o gyfluniadau cosmogonig: Pachamama fel gwraig neu chwaer i Pachakamak yn ardal yr arfordir, fel merch Viracocha yn yr ucheldiroedd, fel priod Pachatata yn ardal Aymara.<\/p><p>Mae <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naratif traddodiadol am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> canolog yn cysylltu Pachamama \u00e2 chylch sychder a glaw. Credir ei bod yn dew a boddhaus ym mis Mawrth\/Ebrill ar \u00f4l y cynhaeaf, ac yn ystod y misoedd sych o Fai i Fedi caiff ei chanfod yn newynog ac yn sychedig, ac felly cyflwynir llawer o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rhodd i dduwdod i fynegi diolch, deisyfiad neu addoliad.\" tabindex=\"0\">offrymau<\/span> yn ystod y cyfnod hwn.<\/p><p>Yn rhanbarthau mynyddig Pampa yr Ariannin (Salta, Jujuy) cynhelir g\u0175yl bwysicaf Pachamama ym mis Awst; ar 1 Awst mae&#8217;r ffermwyr yn agor y ddaear yn symbolaidd trwy dyllu twll bach a gosod yr offrwm cyntaf ynddo (chicha, dail coca, bara, saim).<\/p><p>Mae naratif pwysig yn cysylltu Pachamama \u00e2 chyfodiad y Pleiades ym mis Mehefin. Deellir presenoldeb saith wythnos y Pleiades yn awyr y bore fel arwydd o&#8217;i sylw at gnydau dynol; pan fydd y Pleiades yn codi&#8217;n olau, disgwylir blwyddyn gynhaeaf gyfoethog.<\/p><p>Disgrifiodd Tom Zuidema a Gary Urton y gydberthynas archaeoseryddol Andeaidd hon yn systematig yn <em>At the Crossroads of the Earth and the Sky<\/em> (1981).<\/p><p>Yn dde Periw, cysylltir Pachamama hefyd \u00e2&#8217;r ffigwr mytholegol <em>Mama Pacha<\/em>, a ddywedir yn \u00f4l y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Trosglwyddo gwybodaeth a naratifau dros genedlaethau.\" tabindex=\"0\">draddodiad<\/span> yn Pakaqtanpu yn achosi tirlithriadau a daeargrynfeydau os na chaiff offrymau digonol.<\/p><p>Ceir y dimensiwn cosbol hwn o&#8217;r fam-ddaear hefyd yn Andes yr Ariannin, lle ystyrir mis Awst yn <em>mes peligroso<\/em> (mis peryglus) am fod y fam-ddaear newynog yn galw am sylw arbennig, a dywedir y gall teithwyr anystyriol fynd yn s\u00e2l. O safbwynt astudio crefydd, mae&#8217;n ddiddorol nodi bod y dimensiwn cosbol hwn yn cael ei ddiystyru&#8217;n rheolaidd gan y dderbyniad New-Age gorllewinol o Pachamama.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Addoliad ac Arfer Offrymu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mae&#8217;r <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y cyfanswm o weithredoedd addoliad crefyddol ar gyfer duwdod neu ffigwr sanctaidd.\" tabindex=\"0\">addoliad<\/span> Pachamama yn parhau i fod hyd heddiw yn yr arfer grefyddol fwyaf byw ym mhentrefi&#8217;r ucheldiroedd.<\/p><p>Ei chanolbwynt yw&#8217;r <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dilyniant trefnus o weithredoedd symbolaidd ag arwyddoc\u00e2d crefyddol neu ddiwylliannol.\" tabindex=\"0\">defod<\/span> o <em>despacho<\/em> neu <em>pago a la tierra<\/em> (talu&#8217;r ddaear), lle trefnir dail coca, losin, saim lama, embryonau llama (<em>sullu<\/em>), ffigurynnau clai bach a rhoddion o win neu chicha yn gelfydd mewn pecyn offrwm, a&#8217;i gladdu yn y ddaear neu ei losgi.<\/p><p>Disgrifia Catherine Allen ar gyfer pentref Sonqo (talaith Paucartambo) yr elfen ailddigwyddus o <em>kintu<\/em>, tri dalen coca perffaith wedi&#8217;u gosod ar ben ei gilydd, a chwythir tuag at bob cyfeiriad y gwynt ac yna eu cynnig i&#8217;r ddaear, y mynyddoedd a&#8217;r hynafiaid a addolir. Mae Joseph Bastien wedi disgrifio&#8217;r arfer Aymara gyfochrog yn ucheldiroedd La Paz.<\/p><p>Gelwir yr arbenigwyr defodol yn \u00f4l y rhanbarth <em>yatiri<\/em> (Aymara), <em>paqo<\/em> (Quechua) neu <em>altomisayoq<\/em>. Nid ydynt yn offeiriaid sefydliadol fel swyddogion Coricancha o gyfnod yr Inca, ond yn dewiniaid ac iachawyr sy&#8217;n gysylltiedig \u00e2&#8217;r pentref, a dderbyniodd eu galwedigaeth yn aml trwy brofiad taro mellt (galwedigaeth Illapa).<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r anthropolegydd Periwaidd Juan Nunez del Prado wedi systemateiddio, yn ei waith yn y 1970au, gamau cychwyniad yr arbenigwyr paqo hyn.<\/p><p>Y dyddiad calendrol pwysicaf yw 1 Awst, sy&#8217;n cael ei ystyried yn Ddiwrnod Pachamama; yn ogystal, cyflwynir offrymau iddi ar bob adeg bwysig yn y flwyddyn amaethyddol: wrth hau, wrth aredig gyntaf, wrth y cynhaeaf cyntaf. Mae <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rhodd i dduwdod i fynegi diolch, deisyfiad neu addoliad.\" tabindex=\"0\">offrwm<\/span> i Pachamama yn ddyletswydd hefyd wrth adeiladu t\u0177, priodi a genedigaeth.<\/p><p>Yn rhanbarthau mwyngloddio&#8217;r Andes (Potosi, Oruro, Cerro de Pasco) datblygwyd hefyd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y cyfanswm o weithredoedd addoliad crefyddol ar gyfer duwdod neu ffigwr sanctaidd.\" tabindex=\"0\">addoliad<\/span> Pachamama unigryw ei hun i&#8217;r gweithwyr tanddaearol, lle caiff Pachamama ei haddoli ar y cyd \u00e2&#8217;r ysbryd twnnel <em>Tio<\/em>.<\/p><p>Mae June Nash wedi dogfennu&#8217;n ethnograffig yn <em>We Eat the Mines and the Mines Eat Us<\/em> (1979) yr addoliad deuol Pachamama\/Tio ym mwyngloddiau arian Bolifia, a dangos sut y trafodir y berthynas rhwng ecsbloetiaeth gyfalafol a chymhareb defodol yn y dduwdod ddeuol hon.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ymarfer amddiffynnol ac elfennau apotrop\u00e4ig<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yn ei hanfod, nid arfer amddiffyn yn ystyr gaeth y term yw&#8217;r <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y cyfanswm o weithredoedd addoliad crefyddol ar gyfer duwdod neu ffigwr sanctaidd.\" tabindex=\"0\">addoliad<\/span> Pachamama, ond meithrin perthynas gymharol (<em>ayni<\/em>). Lle priodolir swyddogaethau amddiffynnol iddi, digwydd hyn yn amlaf ar y cyd \u00e2 bodau eraill: yn erbyn ysbrydion niweidiol fel <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/supay-ysbrydion-niweidiol-meistr-y-byd-isaf\/\">Supay<\/a> neu yn erbyn y <em>condenados<\/em> (eneidiau melltithiedig), dim ond effeithiol y mae Pachamama pan gedwir y gymhareb ddefodol.<\/p><p>Mae arferion amddiffynnol pendant yng nghyd-destun Pachamama yn cynnwys gosod dail coca o dan drothwy&#8217;r drws wrth adeiladu t\u0177 newydd, claddu potel yn llawn gwin a chicha o dan fynedfa&#8217;r t\u0177, neu greu apacheta (twmpath cerrig) ar fwlch mynydd, lle mae pob teithiwr sy&#8217;n mynd heibio yn gosod carreg ac felly&#8217;n cyfrannu ei ran at ddiogelu&#8217;r llwybr ar y cyd.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r ethnolegydd crefyddol Olivia Harris wedi dangos yn <em>Of Bread and Blood<\/em> (2000) fod yr arfer twmpath-cerrig hwn yn dal yn fyw hyd heddiw ar ffyrdd ucheldiroedd Bolifia.<\/p><p>O safbwynt astudio crefydd, mae&#8217;n bwysig nodi nad ystyrir yr arferion hyn fel hud effeithiol, ond fel cadarnhad defodol o drefn gosmig lle mae pob rhodd yn disgwyl ei chydwerth. Mae cyfeiriad iWell Guard at draddodiad Pachamama yn benodol yn un sy&#8217;n arsylwi ar grefydd, ac nid yn un sy&#8217;n addo effaith.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cymariaethau mewn diwylliannau eraill<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yn strwythurol, gellir cymharu Pachamama \u00e2 duwiesau mam-y-ddaear eraill mewn crefyddau&#8217;r byd, heb fod angen tybio unrhyw gysylltiad genetig. Yn arbennig o ddadlennol o safbwynt astudiaethau crefydd yw&#8217;r gymhariaeth \u00e2&#8217;r Brithivi Indiaidd hynafol, y Gaia Groegaidd, y Tellus Mater Rufeinig, y Nerthus Germanaidd (Tacitus), a&#8217;r <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/changing-woman-duwies-cylch-bywyd-navajo\/\">Changing Woman<\/a> Americanaidd Gogleddol o&#8217;r Navajo.<\/p><p>Mae Mircea Eliade, yn ei waith <em>Die Religion und das Heilige<\/em>, wedi nodi patrwm mam-y-ddaear sy&#8217;n ymddangos yn nes at bob diwylliant amaethyddol datblygedig: nifer numinous benywaidd sy&#8217;n gysylltiedig \u00e2 ffrwythlondeb, cylchedd, hadau a marwolaeth. Mae Pachamama&#8217;n gweddu i&#8217;r patrwm hwn, ond mae ei dimensiynoldeb Pacha (amser, oes-fyd) yn rhoi iddi orwel semantig ehangach.<\/p><p>Yn benodol Andeaidd yw&#8217;r cysylltiad rhwng Pachamama a&#8217;r ysbrydion mynyddig lleol, yr <em>Apu<\/em> (gweler <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/apu-ausangate-duw-mynydd-andes\/\">Apu Ausangate<\/a>). Mae&#8217;r arglwyddi mynyddig gwrywaidd hyn a&#8217;r fam-ddaear fenywaidd yn ffurfio system rhywiau gyflenwol a fynegir yn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y syniad o strwythur a threfn y byd o fewn diwylliant.\" tabindex=\"0\">gosmoleg<\/span> Andeaidd fel <em>yanantin<\/em>, y tensiwn cynhyrchiol rhwng parau gwrthwynebol.<\/p><p>Cyfochredd bwysig arall a welir yw&#8217;r addoliad Affro-Americanaidd o&#8217;r Orisha <em>Yemaya<\/em>, neu o&#8217;r Loa Vodouaidd Erzulie, sy&#8217;n cysylltu numinositas benywaidd \u00e2 d\u0175r, ffrwythlondeb ac amddiffyniad. Yma hefyd, strwythurau cydgyfeiriol o grefyddoldeb amaethyddol sydd ganddo, ac nid perthynas hanesyddol.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r categori academaidd o&#8217;r <em>Magna Mater<\/em>, y fam fawr, wedi cael ei drafod droeon ers Johann Jakob Bachofen yn y 19eg ganrif, ond heddiw mae&#8217;r dull syml o leihau pob duwies mam-y-ddaear i un ffurf archetypaidd gyffredin yn cael ei ystyried yn feirniadol o safbwynt methodolegol.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cristnogeiddio a Chydgyfuniad Crefyddol<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ni lwyddodd y genhadaeth Sbaenaidd i ddisodli&#8217;r <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cyfanswm y gweithredoedd addoli crefyddol ar gyfer duwdod neu ffigwr sanctaidd.\" tabindex=\"0\">cwlt<\/span> Pachamama yn llwyr. Yn hytrach, digwyddodd un o&#8217;r cydgyfuniadau mwyaf nodedig yn hanes crefyddol America: cyfuniad Pachamama \u00e2 defosiwn Catholig i Fair, yn arbennig \u00e2&#8217;r Madonna o Copacabana (Bolifia) a&#8217;r Madonna del Cerro (Potosi).<\/p><p>Yn y llun enwog <em>Virgen del Cerro<\/em> (dienw, tua 1720, Potosi), ymddengys y Madonna ei hun fel Mynydd Arian Potosi, gan i&#8217;w gwisg ffurfio amlinell y mynydd, gyda&#8217;r goron yn eistedd ar ben y mynydd, a&#8217;r glowyr yn weladwy y tu mewn iddo.<\/p><p>Mae Teresa Gisbert wedi dehongli&#8217;r llun hwn fel maniffesto eiconograffig o gydgyfuniad Pachamama-Mair. Nid yw&#8217;r Madonna wedi&#8217;i gosod uwchben y mynydd yma; hi yw&#8217;r mynydd, ac felly hi yw&#8217;r fam-ddaear yn ogystal.<\/p><p>Adeiladwyd safle pererindod canolog Copacabana ar Lyn Titicaca ar hen <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Lle sanctaidd wedi'i neilltuo i addoliad duwdod.\" tabindex=\"0\">gysegrfa<\/span> Inca hefyd. Mae&#8217;r <em>Virgen Morena<\/em> (y Madonna dywyll-groen) a addolir yno yn cael ei hystyried heddiw fel nawddsantes Gristnogol Bolifia ac fel amlygiad o Pachamama ar yr un pryd. Mae Sabine MacCormack (<em>Religion in the Andes<\/em>, 1991) wedi disgrifio proses y dwbl-hunaniaeth hon yn fanwl.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Derbyniad a Ymchwil Gyfoes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Heddiw, y tu hwnt i&#8217;r cyd-destun crefyddol cul, mae Pachamama yn ffigwr uniaethu ar gyfer mudiadau gwleidyddol brodorol De America. Yn Bolifia, cyhoeddodd Arlywydd Evo Morales (2006, 2019) 1 Awst fel <em>Dia de la Pachamama<\/em>, g\u0175yl genedlaethol swyddogol, a mae cyfansoddiad 2009 yn cyfeirio&#8217;n benodol at gred Pachamama.<\/p><p>Yn Ecuador hefyd, cafodd <em>Pachamama<\/em> ei rhoddi hawliau ei hun yng nghyfansoddiad 2008, cam a gafodd sylw rhyngwladol yn hanes y gyfraith.<\/p><p>Yn y mudiad amgylcheddol ac yng nghylchoedd Oes Newydd y Gorllewin, mae Pachamama wedi cael cydseiniad eang dros y degawdau diwethaf. Fodd bynnag, mae&#8217;r derbyniad hwn i&#8217;w ystyried yn feirniadol: yn aml, tynnir y term o&#8217;i gyd-destun Andeaidd penodol a&#8217;i droi&#8217;n g\u00f4d byd-eang ar gyfer mam-y-ddaear.<\/p><p>Mae ethnolegwyr crefyddol fel Marisol de la Cadena (<em>Earth Beings<\/em>, 2015) wedi nodi nad yw&#8217;r Pachamama Andeaidd yn unfath \u00e2 damcaniaeth Gaia&#8217;r Gorllewin, ac nad yw&#8217;n cael ei chynnwys yn ei therminoleg.<\/p><p>Yn y Fatican, daeth Pachamama i ganol dadl gynhennus yn 2019 yn ystod Synod Amazon, ar \u00f4l gosod ffigurau pren ynddi hi yn eglwys Santa Maria in Traspontina.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r digwyddiad yn dangos grym symbolaeth y fam-ddaear sy&#8217;n parhau heb ei dorri hyd yr 21ain ganrif. Yn ymchwil academaidd, mae gwaith Catherine Allen, Joseph Bastien, Frank Salomon a Marisol de la Cadena wedi diffinio&#8217;r maes yn arbennig.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Llenyddiaeth a ffynonellau<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mae&#8217;r detholiad canlynol yn rhestru gweithiau canolog mewn ethnoleg Andeaidd a hanes crefyddol sy&#8217;n hollbwysig ar gyfer ymchwil Pachamama.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp21d1bd35 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp21d1bd35\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp261bfd72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp261bfd72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Y Pago a la Tierra a'r arferiad o roi i'r ddaear<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp26889d35 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp26889d35\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2ab2cdd9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2ab2cdd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gweithred a drosglwyddwyd ac a ailadroddir yn rheolaidd o fewn cymuned.\" tabindex=\"0\">arferiad<\/span> sy&#8217;n dda ei ddogfennu ac yn fyw hyd heddiw o gysylltiad \u00e2 Pachamama yw&#8217;r rhodd i&#8217;r ddaear, a elwir yn ngwledydd yr Andes fel arfer <em>pago a la tierra<\/em> neu <em>despacho<\/em>.<\/p><p>Yn hyn o beth, casglir bwndel o roddion amrywiol, a all gynnwys, yn \u00f4l y rhanbarth, dail coca, grawn \u0177d, saim, danteithion, ffigurau bach a chynhwysion eraill. Cleddir neu llosgir y bwndel, yn aml mewn lleoedd penodol ac ar adegau penodol.<\/p><p>Yn nifer o ardaloedd Andes de Peru a Bolifia, mis Awst yw&#8217;r mis pryd y cyflwynir rhoddion o&#8217;r fath yn arbennig o aml, oherwydd ystyrir bod y ddaear yn agored ac yn barod i dderbyn ar yr adeg hon. Yn aml, arbenigwyr defodol sy&#8217;n arwain yr <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gweithred a drosglwyddwyd ac a ailadroddir yn rheolaidd o fewn cymuned.\" tabindex=\"0\">arferiad<\/span>, a enwir yn wahanol yn \u00f4l y rhanbarth.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r ymchwil ethnograffig, er enghraifft gwaith Catherine Allen ar gymuned Quechua ger Cusco, wedi dangos bod y rhodd i Pachamama wedi&#8217;i wreiddio yn y berthynas feunyddiol \u00e2&#8217;r amgylchedd. Mae tywallt peth hylif ar y llawr cyn yfed yn rhan o&#8217;r un cred.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r ymchwil yn pwysleisio nad yw&#8217;r cymhlethdod hwn yn barhad pur o arfer cyn-Wladychol nac yn ddim ond <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Diwylliant gwerin a drosglwyddwyd, gan gynnwys arferion, straeon a chaneuon.\" tabindex=\"0\">ll\u00ean gwerin<\/span>. Ar hyd y canrifoedd, mae wedi ymgorffori elfennau Cristnogol heb golli ei hanfod. Mewn llawer o leoedd, addolir Pachamama ochr yn ochr \u00e2 seintiau Catholig, a&#8217;r un unigolion sy&#8217;n cymryd rhan yn yr offeren a&#8217;r rhodd i&#8217;r ddaear.<\/p><p>Nid cais am wyrth yw&#8217;r rhodd, ond mynegiant o berthynas o gilyddoldeb: mae&#8217;r sawl a gymer o&#8217;r ddaear yn rhoi&#8217;n \u00f4l iddi. Mae&#8217;r rhesymeg gilyddol hon, a gysylltir yn Andes yn aml \u00e2&#8217;r term Quechua <em>ayni<\/em>, yn \u00f4l barn nifer o ymchwilwyr, yn wir allwedd i ddeall yr arferiad.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp25fcc55d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp25fcc55d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp21ebc69e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp21ebc69e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pachamama yng nghanol dadl wleidyddol ac eglwysig gyfoes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp23c41102 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp23c41102\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2eb276f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2eb276f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yn yr unfed ganrif ar hugain, mae Pachamama wedi dod, y tu hwnt i&#8217;r maes crefyddol, yn bwynt cyfeirio gwleidyddol ac ideolegol. Yn Bolifia ac Ecwador, mabwysiadwyd y term mewn deddfwriaeth gyfansoddiadol a chyfreithiol yn y 2000au a&#8217;r 2010au.<\/p><p>Yn 2008, cynhwysodd Ecwador hawliau natur yn ei gyfansoddiad, ac ym 2010 pasiodd Bolifia gyfraith a ddaeth yn adnabyddus fel <em>Ley de Derechos de la Madre Tierra<\/em>. Ymddengys Pachamama yma fel <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Delwedd weladwy sy'n cynrychioli syniad haniaethol.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> o drefn amgylcheddol sy&#8217;n rhoi gwerth cynhenid i natur.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r ymchwil yn trafod yn feirniadol i ba raddau y mae&#8217;r defnydd gwleidyddol hwn yn cyfateb i&#8217;r credoau crefyddol lleol. Mae rhai awduron yn gweld yn hyn gysylltiad ystyrlon \u00e2 meddwl Andaidd, tra bod eraill yn gweld camfeddiannu sy&#8217;n cyffredinoli, ac wrth wneud hynny&#8217;n symleiddio, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gweithred a drosglwyddwyd ac a ailadroddir yn rheolaidd o fewn cymuned.\" tabindex=\"0\">arferiad<\/span> lleol amrywiol yn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arwydd sy'n cynrychioli syniad neu ystyr.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> cenedlaethol. Erys yr arfer defodol gwirioneddol yn y pentrefi heb ei effeithio i raddau helaeth gan symbolaeth y wladwriaeth.<\/p><p>Cododd dadl arall ym 2019 yn y maes eglwysig. Yn ystod y Synod Amazonaidd yn Rhufain, defnyddiwyd ffigurau pren a ddisgrifiwyd yn y ddadl gyhoeddus fel delweddau o Pachamama. Ystyriodd nifer o grwpiau ceidwadol o fewn yr Eglwys Gatholig hyn yn addoliad eilunod, a dwynwyd y ffigurau gan bobl anhysbys o eglwys yn Rhufain a&#8217;u taflu i afon Tiber.<\/p><p>Ysgogodd y digwyddiad drafodaeth eang ynghylch sut y dylai&#8217;r Eglwys ymateb i ffurfiau mynegiant crefyddol brodorol. O safbwynt gwyddonol, mae&#8217;n dangos bod Pachamama heddiw wedi dod, ymhell y tu hwnt i ranbarth yr Andes, i fod yn destun dadlau lle trafodir cwestiynau ynghylch inculturiad, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cyfuno syniadau neu dduwiau o wahanol draddodiadau crefyddol.\" tabindex=\"0\">syncretiaeth<\/span> a hunaniaeth grefyddol.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Llenyddiaeth (dewis)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Catherine Allen: <em>The Hold Life Has<\/em> (2002)<\/li><li>Joseph Bastien: <em>Mountain of the Condor<\/em> (1978)<\/li><li>Sabine MacCormack: <em>Religion in the Andes<\/em> (1991)<\/li><li>Marisol de la Cadena: <em>Earth Beings<\/em> (2015)<\/li><li>Olivia Harris: <em>Of Bread and Blood<\/em> (2000)<\/li><li>Diego Gonzalez Holguin: <em>Vocabulario de la lengua general<\/em> (1608)<\/li><li>Frank Salomon: <em>The Cord Keepers<\/em> (2004)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-pachamama e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-pachamama\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-pachamama-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-pachamama-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fel <em>duwies ffrwythlondeb<\/em> byd yr Andes, mae Pachamama yn cysylltu ffermio, da byw a pharch at fynyddoedd; mae offrymau o coca, \u0177d a chicha yn parhau hyd heddiw i gyd-fynd \u00e2 hau, cynhaeaf a chodi t\u0177 yn Bolifia, Periw a gogledd Ariannin.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Termau allweddol cysylltiedig: Pachamama Quechua Aymara Ayni Despacho Paqo Yatiri Apacheta Sullu.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-pachamama\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard a thraddodiadau amddiffyn<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Mae iWell Guard yn parhau&#8217;r traddodiad hanesyddol-ddiwylliannol o wrthrychau amddiffynnol y gellir eu gwisgo, yn nhraddodiad <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/andenkulturen-inca-inti-pachamama-viracocha\/\">yr Andes \/ Inca<\/a> a llawer o ddiwylliannau eraill ar draws y byd. 41 haen, aur pur, platinwm, arian, wedi&#8217;i gynhyrchu yn yr Almaen. Hawl dychwelyd 30 diwrnod.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">Mwy am yr iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">Mwy am yr iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Gall profiadau personol amrywio. Nid yw&#8217;n ddyfais feddygol. Ni roddir unrhyw addewid iach\u00e2d.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">Nid <strong>cynnyrch meddygol<\/strong> yw iWell Guard ac nid yw'n disodli triniaeth feddygol na seicotherapiwtig. Mae'r cynnwys astudiaethau crefyddol yn ddosbarthiad diwylliannol-hanesyddol, nid yn argymhelliad ymarfer ysbrydol.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2683,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Pachamama Mam-Ddaear Andes","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear Andeaidd a'i Chwlt","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Mae Pachamama, Mam-Ddaear yr Andes, hyd heddiw yn ffigwr canolog i fywyd amaethyddol Andeaidd. Trafodaeth grefyddol-wyddonol gyda'r myth.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"2","wesen_kultur":"anden-inka","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-191475","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear Andeaidd a&#039;i Chwlt<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mae Pachamama, Mam-Ddaear yr Andes, hyd heddiw yn ffigwr canolog i fywyd amaethyddol Andeaidd. Trafodaeth grefyddol-wyddonol gyda&#039;r myth.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear yr Andes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mae Pachamama, Mam-Ddaear yr Andes, hyd heddiw yn ffigwr canolog i fywyd amaethyddol Andeaidd. Trafodaeth grefyddol-wyddonol gyda&#039;r myth.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/\",\"name\":\"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear Andeaidd a'i Chwlt\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-07T07:26:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00\",\"description\":\"Mae Pachamama, Mam-Ddaear yr Andes, hyd heddiw yn ffigwr canolog i fywyd amaethyddol Andeaidd. Trafodaeth grefyddol-wyddonol gyda'r myth.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"cy\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cy\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Duwiau o draddodiad Andes-Inca.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/?page_id=191134\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear yr Andes\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"cy\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cy\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear yr Andes\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-07T07:26:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"cy\",\"description\":\"Mae Pachamama, Mam-Ddaear yr Andes, hyd heddiw yn ffigwr canolog i fywyd amaethyddol Andeaidd. Trafodaeth grefyddol-wyddonol gyda'r myth.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear Andeaidd a'i Chwlt","description":"Mae Pachamama, Mam-Ddaear yr Andes, hyd heddiw yn ffigwr canolog i fywyd amaethyddol Andeaidd. Trafodaeth grefyddol-wyddonol gyda'r myth.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear yr Andes","og_description":"Mae Pachamama, Mam-Ddaear yr Andes, hyd heddiw yn ffigwr canolog i fywyd amaethyddol Andeaidd. Trafodaeth grefyddol-wyddonol gyda'r myth.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear yr Andes","datePublished":"2026-09-07T07:26:07+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp","inLanguage":"cy","description":"Mae Pachamama, Mam-Ddaear yr Andes, hyd heddiw yn ffigwr canolog i fywyd amaethyddol Andeaidd. Trafodaeth grefyddol-wyddonol gyda'r myth."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/","name":"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear Andeaidd a'i Chwlt","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-07T07:26:07+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00","description":"Mae Pachamama, Mam-Ddaear yr Andes, hyd heddiw yn ffigwr canolog i fywyd amaethyddol Andeaidd. Trafodaeth grefyddol-wyddonol gyda'r myth.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"cy","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cy","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Duwiau o draddodiad Andes-Inca."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/?page_id=191134"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear yr Andes"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"cy"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cy","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cy","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Pachamama \u2013 Mam-Ddaear yr Andes","datePublished":"2026-09-07T07:26:07+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/pachamama-mam-ddaear-andes\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp","inLanguage":"cy","description":"Mae Pachamama, Mam-Ddaear yr Andes, hyd heddiw yn ffigwr canolog i fywyd amaethyddol Andeaidd. Trafodaeth grefyddol-wyddonol gyda'r myth."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/191475","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=191475"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/191475\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=191475"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=191475"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}