{"id":191331,"date":"2026-09-07T07:25:37","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T07:25:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=191331"},"modified":"2026-09-07T07:29:24","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T07:29:24","slug":"yama-barnwr-y-meirw","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/","title":{"rendered":"Yama (Barnwr y Meirw)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"191331\" class=\"elementor elementor-191331 elementor-2015 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yama Bwdhaidd, duw'r traddodiad Bwdhaidd<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mae Yama Bwdhaidd yn dduw&#8217;r traddodiad Bwdhaidd.<\/p><p><strong>Duw Bwdhaidd y meirw a barnwr eneidiau ar \u00f4l marwolaeth.<\/strong><\/p><p>Ym Mwdhaeth, mae Yama&#8217;n gweithredu fel barnwr karma a gweinyddwr byd-ysoedd Uffern.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duw \/ Duwies: Grym uchaf personol o fewn panth\u00ebon diwylliant, gyda chyfrifoldebau clir, grymoedd natur, tynged, rhyfel, ffrwythlondeb. Addolir trwy gwlt, offrymau a sefydliadau teml.\">Duw<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/bwdhaeth\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Traddodiad Bwdhaidd gyda Bodhisattvas, duwiau gwarcheidiol, ysbrydion newyn a gwylwyr uffern.\">Bwdhaeth<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/duwiau-marwolaeth\/\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duwiau'r isfyd a marwolaeth, rheolwyr y byd a ddaw, barnwyr y meirw, tywyswyr eneidiau.\">Duwdod y Meirw<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Ni chanfuwyd unrhyw benawdau ar y dudalen hon.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tCynnwys\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-193517\" alt=\"Yama, Barnwr y Meirw - duwiau o&apos;r traddodiad Bwdhaidd, darluniadol-hanesyddol\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yama Bwdhaidd<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ar Gipolwg: Yama Bwdhaidd<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Math:<\/strong> Prif dduwdod Bwdhaidd (Mahayana, Vajrayana), barnwr y meirw a gwarcheidwad y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Yn y crefyddau Indiaidd, y ddysgeidiaeth a threfn gywir gweithredu.\" tabindex=\"0\">Dharma<\/span><br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cyfanswm duwiau crefydd neu ddiwylliant.\" tabindex=\"0\">Panth\u00ebon<\/span>: Bwdhaeth (pob ysgol), wedi&#8217;i etifeddu o&#8217;r Yama Hind\u0175aidd<br>Swyddogaeth: barnwr y meirw, gwarcheidwad cyfraith karma, ym Mwdhaeth Tibetaidd yn wrathful deity<br>Priodoleddau pennaf: Llyfr y Meirw, Drych Karma, Cleddyf (Khadga), Rhaff (Pasha), Byfflo Du<br>Prif safleoedd cwlt: mynachlogydd Gelug Tibetaidd (dawns Cham), Japan (Enma-O), Fietnam (Yamaraja)<br>Ffurfiau amrywiol: Yama-Dharmaraja (Tibet), Enma-O (Japan), Yeomra (Corea), Yanluo (Tsieina)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trosolwg<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cyfnod y Testunau<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trosglwyddwyd Yama gyda Bwdhaeth o India i bob gwlad Fwdhaidd (rhagflaenydd Vedig yn y <em>Rigveda<\/em>, o 1200 CC ymlaen). Yn nhraddodiad Pali (Theravada), ef yw prif arholwr llys y meirw.<\/p><p>Ym Mahayana, ceir corpws <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Mewn Hind\u0175aeth a Bwdhaeth, testun addysgu ar ffurf gryno.\" tabindex=\"0\">Sutra<\/span> ei hun (e.e. y <em>Devadhamma-Sutta<\/em>). Yn Tibet, ers yr 8fed ganrif OC, mae&#8217;n ganolog fel <em>Yama-Dharmaraja<\/em> yn y panth\u00ebon wrathful-deity o draddodiad Vajrayana. Prif gyfnod bri: mewn mynachlogydd Gelug Tibetaidd hyd heddiw, gyda pherfformiadau dramatig dawns Cham.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ardal Ledaeniad<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Prif safleoedd cwlt: <strong>mynachlogydd Gelug<\/strong> Tibetaidd (Drepung, Sera, Gand\u00e4n, Tashilhunpo, gyda dawnsiau Cham Yama-Dharmaraja), <strong>Japan<\/strong> fel Enma-O (ym mhob <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Adeilad a ddefnyddir i addoli un neu fwy o dduwdodau.\" tabindex=\"0\">deml<\/span> y meirw), <strong>Fietnam<\/strong> fel Di\u00eam V\u01b0\u01a1ng. Mewn gwledydd Theravada (Gwlad Thai, Myanmar, Sri Lanka) fel presenoldeb cosmig cefndirol. Yn Tsieina fel <em>Yanluo<\/em> (tudalen ei hun).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sail y Ffynonellau<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ffynonellau canolog: <em>Devadhamma-Sutta<\/em> (Pali), <em>Yama <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Mewn Hind\u0175aeth a Bwdhaeth, testun addysgu ar ffurf gryno.\" tabindex=\"0\">Sutra<\/span><\/em> (Tsiein\u00ebeg), <em>Bardo Thodol<\/em> Tibetaidd (&bdquo;Llyfr y Meirw Tibetaidd&ldquo;, ffynhonnell glasurol <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y ddysgeidiaeth wyddonol am Dduw a chred crefydd.\" tabindex=\"0\">diwinyddiaeth<\/span> Yama-Dharmaraja), testunau tantrig ar sadhana Yama-Dharmaraja. Llenyddiaeth eilaidd: Lopez, <em>The Tibetan Book of the Dead. A Biography<\/em>; Linrothe, <em>Ruthless Compassion. Wrathful Deities in Early Indo-Tibetan Esoteric Buddhist Art<\/em>; Williams, <em>Mahayana Buddhism<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Enw<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fel arfer darlunnir Yama Bwdhaidd \u00e2 phen tarw, cyrn enfawr, wyneb ofnadwy, croen du neu las tywyll. Weithiau mae ganddo ddwy neu bedwar braich. Mae&#8217;n cario <em>Damaru<\/em> (ffon esgyrn y meirw) a las\u0175 o raff eneidiau.<\/p><p>O&#8217;i gwmpas mae cythreuliaid a Yaksha yn dawnsio. Mae t\u00e2n o&#8217;i amgylch; mae gwaed yn diferu o&#8217;i safn. Yng nghelfyddyd Tibetaidd, mae&#8217;n eistedd yn aml mewn ogof neu yn ei balas yn Naraka.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nodweddion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nid cosb yw Yama yng nghred Bwdhaidd, ond drych. Mae&#8217;r barnwr Yama yn awtomatig: bydd gan bob gweithred (<em>Karma<\/em>) ei chanlyniad. Mewn arferion tantrig, ni ymbilir am drugaredd gan Yama, ond fe&#8217;i gweledir fel athro byrhoedledd.<\/p><p>Mae defodau&#8217;r meirw ym Mwdhaeth Tibet yn cyfarch Yama yn uniongyrchol, gyda&#8217;r cais i agor llwybr <em>Bardo<\/em> ffafriol i&#8217;r enaid. Mae&#8217;r ymarferwyr yn dysgu cwrdd \u00e2 Yama heb ofn.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Proffil: Yama Bwdhaidd<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Prif agweddau Yama (Bwdhaeth) ar gipolwg. Mae&#8217;r meysydd canlynol yn crynhoi tarddiad, swyddogaeth, ymddangosiad, addoliad, symbolau a chymharoldebau diwylliannol.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tarddiad Yama Bwdhaidd<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Etifeddwyd Yama ym Mwdhaeth o&#8217;r Yama Hind\u0175aidd (y person cyntaf i farw yn y traddodiad Vedig), gan gadw swyddogaeth barnwr y meirw, ond ail-ddehonglir yn Fwdhaidd: nid barnwr mympwyol, ond drych-gyfryngwr karma.<\/p><p>Yn system Bardo Thodol Tibetaidd, mae&#8217;n ymddangos i&#8217;r ymadawedig yn y cyflwr Bardo rhwng marwolaeth ac ailenedigaeth; mae ei ddrych yn dangos i&#8217;r marw ei karma ei hun, heb i Yama ei farnu. Mae&#8217;r gosb yn deillio o adwaith karma&#8217;r person ei hun. Ar ei ffurf wrathful fel Yama-Dharmaraja: gwarcheidwad y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Yn y crefyddau Indiaidd, y ddysgeidiaeth a threfn gywir gweithredu.\" tabindex=\"0\">Dharma<\/span> yn erbyn pob bygythiad.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cynulleidfa darged Yama Bwdhaidd<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Barnwr y meirw yn y cyflwr Bardo. Gwarcheidwad cyfraith karma. Yn nhraddodiad tantrig Vajrayana, Yidam gwarchodol (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bod a addolir fel duwdod o fewn crefydd.\" tabindex=\"0\">duwdod<\/span> myfyrdod) yn erbyn pob bygythiad mewnol ac allanol, yn enwedig ofn marwolaeth. Nawddsant ymarfer archwilio (gweld gonest o weithredoedd un ei hun). Yn ddawnsiau Cham Tibetaidd, atgof defodol o farwoldeb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ymddangosiad Yama Bwdhaidd<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yn y rhan fwyaf o draddodiadau Asiaidd, portreadir ef ar ffurf ddynol fel swyddog llym gyda Llyfr y Meirw a phin ysgrifennu. Yn nhraddodiad Vajrayana Tibet fel <em>Yama-Dharmaraja<\/em>: ffigwr digofus tywyll-las neu ddu \u00e2 phen byfflo, tri llygad, gwallt ar d\u00e2n, ac aureole llosgi.<\/p><p>Addurniadau asgwrn, cilt o groen teigr. Yn ei ddwylo cwpan penglog (Kapala), Khatvanga (teulwr penglog), rhaff (Pasha), cleddyf. Yn marchogaeth byfflo du sy&#8217;n sathru dyn. Wedi&#8217;i ddisgwyl gan ei chwaer Yami.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Effaith Yama ym Mwdhaeth<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Maes dylanwad:<\/strong> Disgwylir Yama yn ymddangos yn y cyflwr Bardo yn \u00f4l y Bardo-Thodol Tibetaidd, ac fe baratoir y sawl sy&#8217;n marw ar gyfer y cyfarfyddiad hwn. Mewn dawnsiau Cham Tibetaidd, ceir cyfarfyddiad rhitwyl \u00e2&#8217;r barnwr meirw (gyda mygydau dramatig). Fe fyfyrir arno mewn ymarfer tantrig fel Yidam amddiffynnol. Mewn defodau angladdol Theravada a Mahayana mae&#8217;n gyfryngwr cefndirol o karma. Yn Japan, fel Enma-O, mae&#8217;n ganolog i bob mynwent Fwdhaidd.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Amddiffyniad rhag Yama ym Mwdhaeth<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Llyfr y Meirw, Drych Karma (Karma-Darpana), Cleddyf (Khadga), Rhaff (Pasha), Byfflo Du (anifail cludo), Khatvanga (teulwr penglog), Kapala (cwpan penglog), pen byfflo (yn y ffurf digofus Dibetaidd), trydydd llygad, gwallt ar d\u00e2n. Planhigion cysegredig: dim penodol. Cyfeiriad cysegredig: y De (yn y traddodiad Indiaidd).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cyfochrogion Yama ym Mwdhaeth<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Yama<\/em> (Hind\u0175aeth, gwreiddyn), <em>Yamaraja<\/em> (Hind\u0175aeth \/ Bwdhaeth), <em>Yama-Dharmaraja<\/em> (Tibet, ffurf ddigofus Vajrayana), <em>Enma-O<\/em> (Japan), <em>Yeomra<\/em> (Corea), <em>Yanluo<\/em> (Tsieina, y Cyntaf o&#8217;r Deg Brenin Uffern), <em>Hades<\/em> (Groeg), <em>Anubis\/Osiris<\/em> (Yr Aifft, tywysydd a barnwr), <em>Hel<\/em> (Germanaidd), <em>Mictlantecuhtli<\/em> (Astecaidd). Mae Yama yn un o&#8217;r cysyniadau duw a rennir yn fwyaf eang yn y byd, o India ar draws Asia gyfan hyd Japan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Amddiffyniad ymarferol<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Defodau amddiffynnol<\/strong><\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cyfres drefnus o weithredoedd symbolaidd sydd ag ystyr grefyddol neu ddiwylliannol.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ritual<\/span> amddiffyn Bwdhaidd rhag Yama: llafarganu testunau Dharani a galwadau Bodhisattva mewn adegau bregus (proses marwolaeth, profiadau ymyl-marwolaeth). Mae defodau t\u00e2n Goma (aberthau t\u00e2n Tibetaidd) yn cael eu cyfeirio yn erbyn cosb Yama. Mae&#8217;r traddodiadau llafarganu&#8217;n defnyddio mantrau duwiau tosturi i esmwytho dyfarniadau Yama. Ym mhraethig gwerin Tsieina-Fwdhaidd: darnau papur wedi&#8217;u cyflwyno i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Adeilad a ddefnyddir i addoli un neu fwy o dduwdodau.\" tabindex=\"0\">deml<\/span> yr Ymerawdwr J\u00e2d i dawelu barnwyr Yama.<\/p><p><strong>Ymgyrchiadau a galwadau<\/strong><\/p><p>Ystyrir mantrau Jizo (Bodhisattva uffern) a galwadau Avalokiteshvara fel amddiffyniad yn erbyn cosb Yama. Llafargenir <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Yn Hind\u0175aeth a Bwdhaeth, testun addysgiadol ar ffurf gryno.\" tabindex=\"0\">Sutra<\/span> y Tosturi Mawr (Karuna-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Yn Hind\u0175aeth a Bwdhaeth, testun addysgiadol ar ffurf gryno.\" tabindex=\"0\">Sutra<\/span>). Tibet: dychymyg Yamantaka yn y Guhyasamaja-Tantra, sy&#8217;n dangos gorchfygiad ymosodgar Yama gan y &#8220;Trechwr Cythreuliaid Yamantaka&#8221;. Testun gwreiddiol Sansgrit: &#8220;Om j\u00f1ana-jyoti <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Yn y crefyddau Indiaidd, y ddysgeidiaeth a threfn gywir gweithredu.\" tabindex=\"0\">dharma<\/span> dhara Yamantaka hum phat&#8221;.<\/p><p><strong>Amuledau a symbolau amddiffynnol<\/strong><\/p><p>Cerfluniau Jizo fel symbolau amddiffynnol mewn temlau Tsiein\u00ebeg-Siapaneaidd. Bracelet Bwdhaidd (Mala) \u00e2 108 gleiniau, wedi&#8217;i gysylltu&#8217;n <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Yn perthyn i drefn ddefodol grefyddol benodol.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritwyl<\/span> ag esmwythau gwarcheidwaid uffern. Tystiolaeth archaeolegol: stel\u00e2u Bwdhaidd o&#8217;r 7fed ganrif yn Tsieina\/Corea, sy&#8217;n gosod barnwyr Yama yn erbyn achubwyr Bodhisattva.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yama ym Mwdhaeth, cyfochrogion mewn diwylliannau eraill<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>Mae&#8217;r Yama Bwdhaidd yn debyg i&#8217;r Yama Hind\u0175aidd, ond yn llai o \u00bbfarnwr\u00ab a mwy o \u00bbymgorfforiad y gyfraith\u00ab. Gyda&#8217;r farwolaeth Gristnogol (<em>Thanatos<\/em> neu&#8217;r <em>Grim Reaper<\/em>), mae&#8217;n rhannu&#8217;r anochelrwydd.<\/p><p>Yng nghyd-destun Tibet, mae Yama yn Dharmapala, &#8220;amddiffynnwr y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Yn y crefyddau Indiaidd, y ddysgeidiaeth a threfn gywir gweithredu.\" tabindex=\"0\">Dharma<\/span>&#8220;, yn debyg i Kali neu Bhairava yn Hind\u0175aeth. Mae&#8217;r lliw du a&#8217;r ffurf wyllt yn nodweddion cyffredinol i dduwiau marwolaeth.<\/p><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfc795b0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpfc795b0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpcfb77e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpcfb77e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yama rhwng treftadaeth Vedig ac ail-ddehongli Bwdhaidd<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp680eb01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp680eb01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4042dbc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp4042dbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nid ffigwr annibynnol yw Yama Bwdhaidd, ond deilliodd o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bod a addolir fel duw o fewn crefydd.\" tabindex=\"0\">dduwdod<\/span> Indiaidd h\u0177n. Yn India Vedig, yn emynau&#8217;r <em>Rigveda<\/em>, Yama yw&#8217;r person cyntaf i farw, a thrwy hynny frenin y meirw a ganfu&#8217;r ffordd i&#8217;r bywyd tu hwnt.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;n rheoli maes goleuedig lle mae&#8217;r hynafiaid ymadawedig yn ymgynnull, ac mae&#8217;n fwy o dderbynnydd cyfeillgar y meirw na barnwr cosbol.<\/p><p>Cymerodd Bwdhaeth Yama, ond newidiodd ei swyddogaeth yn sylweddol. Yn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y syniad am drefn ac adeiladwaith y byd o fewn diwylliant.\" tabindex=\"0\">gosmoleg<\/span> Fwdhaidd, mae Yama yn dod yn arglwydd y byd tan-ddaearol ac yn farnwr sy&#8217;n penderfynu ar aileni&#8217;r ymadawedig, yn enwedig pwy sy&#8217;n mynd i feysydd uffern.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r newid hwn o dderbynnydd y sanctaidd i farnwr y beius yn gysylltiedig \u00e2 dysgeidiaeth ganolog Fwdhaidd <em>karma<\/em>: mae tynged wedi marwolaeth yn deillio o weithredoedd, a daw Yama i gynrychioli&#8217;r cysylltiad hwn.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;n bwysig sylweddoli, yn \u00f4l astudiaethau crefyddol, nad yw Yama, yn y ddealltwriaeth Fwdhaidd gaeth, yn dyfarnu ar ei liwt ei hun. Mae&#8217;r testunau&#8217;n pwysleisio dro ar \u00f4l tro fod <em>karma<\/em> ei hun sy&#8217;n penderfynu ar yr aileni, a bod Yama yn hytrach yn dangos i&#8217;r ymadawedig ei weithredoedd ei hun.<\/p><p>Mewn dameg adnabyddus o&#8217;r <em>Devaduta Sutta<\/em> yng Nghanon Pali, mae Yama yn dangos i&#8217;r ymadawedig y negeswyr dwyfol, henaint, salwch a marwolaeth, ac yn gofyn a wnaeth ef sylwi ar y rhybuddion hyn.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpcdbb663 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpcdbb663\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp67c8373 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp67c8373\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yama ym Mwdhaeth Tibet a'r Olwyn Bywyd<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc472e02 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpc472e02\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa4c936b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa4c936b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ym Mwdhaeth Tibetaidd, cafodd Yama arwyddoc\u00e2d eiconograffig a seremon\u00efol arbennig o amlwg. Yma mae&#8217;n ymddangos yn bennaf fel <em>Shinje<\/em>, ar ffurf ddychrynllyd, gyda phen tarw, coronbleth o fflamau ac arwyddluniau barnwr y meirw, gan sefyll yn aml ar darw.<\/p><p>Mae ei ddarluniad ar yr hyn a elwir yr Olwyn Fywyd, y <em>Bhavachakra<\/em>, yn arbennig o adnabyddus. Ar y cyfansoddiad delweddol hwn, sydd i&#8217;w weld yn helaeth ac yn addurno mynedfeydd llawer o fynachlogydd, mae bod enfawr, cinnog eu dannedd, yn dal olwyn y chwe pharth bodolaeth yn eu crafangau a&#8217;u dannedd.<\/p><p>Dehonglir y bod ymgripiol hwn fel rheol fel Yama, ymgorfforiad o dros dro-ddod ac o farwolaeth, y mae pob ffurf amodol o fodolaeth yn ddarostyngedig iddi. Mae&#8217;r ddelwedd yn cyfleu&#8217;r ddysgeidiaeth mai pob parth ailenedigaeth, gan gynnwys y nefoedd, sydd yn ddarostyngedig i farwolaeth ac felly i afael Yama.<\/p><p>Ochr yn ochr \u00e2 hyn, mae&#8217;r traddodiad Tibetaidd yn adnabod ffigwr myfyriol Yamantaka, y mae ei enw&#8217;n golygu Trechydd Yama neu Ddiweddwr Marwolaeth. Ystyrir Yamantaka fel ymddangosiad llidiog Bodhisattva Manjushri, ac mae&#8217;n ymgorffori&#8217;r doethineb sy&#8217;n trechu marwolaeth ei hun.<\/p><p>Yn y cyfuniad hwn daw safle amwys Yama i&#8217;r amlwg: mae&#8217;n Arglwydd y Meirw ac ar yr un pryd yn allu y gellir ei drechu drwy ddeffroad. Mae ymchwilwyr yn gweld yn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y ddysgeidiaeth am gynnwys delweddau a'u harwyddoc\u00e2d.\" tabindex=\"0\">eiconograffeg<\/span> gyfoethog Yama Tibetaidd gyfuniad o batrymau Indiaidd \u00e2 chredoau lleol Tibetaidd am dduwiau mynydd a duwiau&#8217;r meirw.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp43aed0a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp43aed0a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdb86525 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpdb86525\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yama yn Nwyrain Asia: O'r Duw Indiaidd i'r Barnwr Uffernol Enma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0b79416 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp0b79416\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc5df073 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpc5df073\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gyda lledaeniad Bwdhaeth i Tsieina, Corea a Siapan, symudodd Yama hefyd, a chafodd ei blannu&#8217;n ddwfn mewn credoau lleol am y byd a ddaw. Yn Tsieina, ymgymysgodd y ffigwr Indiaidd \u00e2 chredoau am fyd tanddaearol wedi&#8217;i drefnu&#8217;n fiwrocrataidd, a daeth yn Yanluo Wang, y Brenin Yanluo, un o ddeg brenin uffernol, sy&#8217;n arwain llys barn tanddaearol yr un.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r Deg Brenin Tanddaearol hyn yn archwilio&#8217;r meirw mewn camau olynol, a&#8217;r ymadawedig yn eu pasio drwyddynt fesul un, cyn i benderfyniad ei wneud am ei fodolaeth nesaf. Fel arfer, mae Yanluo Wang yn dal safle&#8217;r pumed brenin. Mae&#8217;r system gyfan yn adlewyrchu profiad o hierarchaeth swyddogol ddaearol, gyda chofrestrau, dyfarniadau a chosbau.<\/p><p>Yn Siapan, mabwysiadwyd y ffigwr hwn fel Enma neu Enma-\u014d, ac yng Nghorea fel Yeomra. Mae <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/enma-o\/\">Enma<\/a> yn ffigwr adnabyddus yng nghrefydd werin Siapan, a fe&#8217;i darlunnir yn aml \u00e2 wyneb coch, penwisg farnwrol, a llechen ysgrifennu neu ddrych, y mae gweithredoedd yr ymadawedig yn ymddangos ynddo.<\/p><p>Mae <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y wyddoniaeth sy'n astudio crefyddau'n gymharol, heb ymrwymiad crefyddol.\" tabindex=\"0\">Astudiaethau Crefyddol<\/span> yn tanlinellu bod y ffurfiau a ddatblygwyd yn Nwyrain Asia yn mynd ymhell y tu hwnt i&#8217;r patrwm Indiaidd, a bod Yama wedi dod yno&#8217;n rhan sefydlog o gredoau poblogaidd am y byd a ddaw, sy&#8217;n cyfuno elfennau Bwdhaidd, Taoaidd a chrefyddol werin. Mae&#8217;r trawsffurfiad o&#8217;r ffigwr goleuedig Vedaidd, drwy&#8217;r barnwr Indiaidd-Bwdhaidd, hyd at fiwrocrat uffernol Dwyrain Asia, yn enghraifft ddysgu glasurol o drosglwyddiad diwylliannol crefyddol.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cysylltiadau pellach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama\/\">Yama (Hindwaeth), Gwreiddyn<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yamaraja\/\">Yamaraja, ffurf gysylltiedig<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/enma-o\/\">Enma-O, ffurf Siapaneaidd<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yeomra\/\">Yeomra, ffurf Coreaidd<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yanluo\/\">Yanluo, ffurf Tsieineaidd<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/bwdhaeth\/\">Bwdhaeth, Trosolwg Pantheon<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/duwiau-marwolaeth\/\">Duwiau&#8217;r Meirw, Is-gategori<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Llenyddiaeth (dewis)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Lopez, Donald S.: <em>The Tibetan Book of the Dead. A Biography<\/em>. Princeton 2011.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Williams, Paul: <em>Mahayana Buddhism. The Doctrinal Foundations<\/em>. London 1989.<\/span><\/li><li>Bardo Thodol (llawer o gyfieithiadau, e.e. Coleman\/Jinpa\/Dorje 2005).<\/li><li>Walde, Christine (Gol.): <em>Der Neue Pauly<\/em> (Lemma &bdquo;Yama&ldquo;).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Rhagor o weithiau safonol yn y <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/llenyddiaeth\/\">Rhestr Lyfryddiaeth<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1740,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Yama Bwdhaidd","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Yama \u2013 Duw Bwdhaidd y Meirw a Barnwr Karma","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Yama ym Mwdhaeth: pen tarw, barnwr Bardo a gweithredu karma. Ei r\u00f4l yn Llyfr y Meirw Tibetaidd, y Bardo Thodol.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"2","wesen_kultur":"buddhismus","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-191331","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Yama \u2013 Duw Bwdhaidd y Meirw a Barnwr Karma<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Yama ym Mwdhaeth: pen tarw, barnwr Bardo a gweithredu karma. Ei r\u00f4l yn Llyfr y Meirw Tibetaidd, y Bardo Thodol.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Yama (Barnwr y Meirw)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Yama ym Mwdhaeth: pen tarw, barnwr Bardo a gweithredu karma. Ei r\u00f4l yn Llyfr y Meirw Tibetaidd, y Bardo Thodol.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/\",\"name\":\"Yama \u2013 Duw Bwdhaidd y Meirw a Barnwr Karma\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-07T07:25:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00\",\"description\":\"Yama ym Mwdhaeth: pen tarw, barnwr Bardo a gweithredu karma. Ei r\u00f4l yn Llyfr y Meirw Tibetaidd, y Bardo Thodol.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"cy\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cy\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Duwiau o'r traddodiad Bwdhaidd.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/?page_id=191134\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Yama (Barnwr y Meirw)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"cy\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cy\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Yama (Barnwr y Meirw)\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-07T07:25:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cy\\\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"cy\",\"description\":\"Yama ym Mwdhaeth: pen tarw, barnwr Bardo a gweithredu karma. Ei r\u00f4l yn Llyfr y Meirw Tibetaidd, y Bardo Thodol.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Yama \u2013 Duw Bwdhaidd y Meirw a Barnwr Karma","description":"Yama ym Mwdhaeth: pen tarw, barnwr Bardo a gweithredu karma. Ei r\u00f4l yn Llyfr y Meirw Tibetaidd, y Bardo Thodol.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Yama (Barnwr y Meirw)","og_description":"Yama ym Mwdhaeth: pen tarw, barnwr Bardo a gweithredu karma. Ei r\u00f4l yn Llyfr y Meirw Tibetaidd, y Bardo Thodol.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Yama (Barnwr y Meirw)","datePublished":"2026-09-07T07:25:37+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp","inLanguage":"cy","description":"Yama ym Mwdhaeth: pen tarw, barnwr Bardo a gweithredu karma. Ei r\u00f4l yn Llyfr y Meirw Tibetaidd, y Bardo Thodol."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/","name":"Yama \u2013 Duw Bwdhaidd y Meirw a Barnwr Karma","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-07T07:25:37+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00","description":"Yama ym Mwdhaeth: pen tarw, barnwr Bardo a gweithredu karma. Ei r\u00f4l yn Llyfr y Meirw Tibetaidd, y Bardo Thodol.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"cy","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cy","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Duwiau o'r traddodiad Bwdhaidd."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/?page_id=191134"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Yama (Barnwr y Meirw)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"cy"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cy","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cy","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Yama (Barnwr y Meirw)","datePublished":"2026-09-07T07:25:37+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-07T07:29:24+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/yama-barnwr-y-meirw\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter.webp","inLanguage":"cy","description":"Yama ym Mwdhaeth: pen tarw, barnwr Bardo a gweithredu karma. Ei r\u00f4l yn Llyfr y Meirw Tibetaidd, y Bardo Thodol."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/191331","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=191331"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/191331\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=191331"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=191331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}