{"id":191310,"date":"2026-09-07T07:25:36","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T07:25:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=191310"},"modified":"2026-09-07T07:29:24","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T07:29:24","slug":"enki","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/enki\/","title":{"rendered":"Enki"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"191310\" class=\"elementor elementor-191310 elementor-1968 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Enki, duw traddodiad Mesopotamia<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Duw y dyfroedd croyw, cr\u00ebwr doethineb, arglwydd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arferion sy'n ceisio ymyrryd yn nhrefn pethau drwy weithredoedd neu fformwl\u00e2u arbennig.\" tabindex=\"0\">hud<\/span>.<\/strong> Mae Enki (Ea yn Acadaidd) yn un o dduwiau mwyaf pwerus Mesopotamia, meistr y dyfroedd bywiogol, ac ar yr un pryd yn ddwyn doethineb a chrefftwr cosmig.<\/p><p>Yn Eridu, hynaf o ddinasoedd Sumeraidd, fe&#8217;i haddolir fel tad y brenin diweddarach Marduk ac fel awdur pob celfyddyd, gallu a gwybodaeth gudd. Mae ei wylltineb a&#8217;i gyfrwystra yn ei wneud yn anrhagweladwy, ond mae bob amser yn gweithredu er lles dynolryw.<\/p><p>Mae Enki (Ea yn Acadaidd) yn brif dduw Eridu ac yn un o dduwiau canolog pantheon Sumeraidd. Mae ei faes gweithredu yn cwmpasu&#8217;r Aps\u00fb dwfr croyw, doethineb, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arferion sy'n ceisio ymyrryd yn nhrefn pethau drwy weithredoedd neu fformwl\u00e2u arbennig.\" tabindex=\"0\">hud<\/span> a chelfyddydau gwareiddiad (celfyddyd ysgrifennu, pensaern\u00efaeth, dewiniaeth).<\/p><p>Yn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y ddysgeidiaeth wyddonol am dduw a chred crefydd.\" tabindex=\"0\">ddiwinyddiaeth<\/span> Mesopotamia, Enki yw cr\u00ebwr dynolryw ac athro&#8217;r ME (egwyddorion trefn ddwyfol). Mae swyddogaeth ei <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Adeilad sy'n gwasanaethu addoliad un neu ragor o dduwiau.\" tabindex=\"0\">deml<\/span> yn Eridu yn parhau&#8217;n ganolog hyd at gyfnod Babilonaidd hwyr; yn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naratif traddodiadol am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">chwedl<\/span> Atrahasis mae&#8217;n rhybuddio dynolryw am y llifogydd mawr a achoswyd gan Enlil.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duw \/ Duwies: Grym personol uchaf mewn pantheon diwylliant, gyda chyfrifoldebau clir dros bwerau natur, tynged, rhyfel, ffrwythlondeb. Addolir drwy gwltiau, offrymau a sefydliadau teml.\">Duw<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/mesopotamia\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Crud crefydd ddogfennedig, Swmer, Acad, Babilon, Asyria (tua 3500 CC hyd 330 CC).\">Mesopotamia<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Ni chanfuwyd unrhyw benawdau ar y dudalen hon.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tCynnwys\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_enki-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-193523\" alt=\"Enki - duwiau o draddodiad Mesopotamia, hanesyddol-ddarluniadol\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_enki-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_enki-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_enki-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_mesopotamien_enki.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Enki<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ar gip: Enki<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Math:<\/strong> Prif dduwdod Mesopotamia, duw d\u0175r croyw, doethineb a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arferion sy'n ceisio dylanwadu ar drefn pethau drwy weithredoedd neu fformwl\u00e2u arbennig.\" tabindex=\"0\">hud<\/span><br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cyfanswm duwiau crefydd neu ddiwylliant.\" tabindex=\"0\">Pantheon<\/span>: Swmer (Enki), Acad\/Babilon\/Asur (fel Ea)<br>Swyddogaeth: Meistr yr Apsu (dyfnder d\u0175r croyw), creawdwr dynolryw, noddwr <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arferion sy'n ceisio dylanwadu ar drefn pethau drwy weithredoedd neu fformwl\u00e2u arbennig.\" tabindex=\"0\">hud<\/span> a chelfyddyd iachau<br>Priodoleddau pennaf: ffrydiau d\u0175r o&#8217;r ysgwyddau, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bod sy'n cyfuno nodweddion gwahanol greaduriaid.\" tabindex=\"0\">creadur cyfun<\/span> pysgod-gafr, diadem het uchel<br>Prif fannau addoli: Eridu (canolfan wreiddiol Swmeraidd), Babilon, Susa<br>Cymar Acadaidd: Ea<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cyd-destun<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cyfnod y Testunau<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mae Enki wedi ei gofnodi ers cyfnod cynnar Sumeraidd (3ydd mileniwm CC), yn Eridu, dinas hynaf ddogfennedig Sumer, lle roedd yn brif dduw. Yn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cyfanswm duwiau crefydd neu ddiwylliant.\" tabindex=\"0\">bantheon<\/span> Acadaidd-Babilonaidd ymddengys fel <em>Ea<\/em>, gyda swyddogaethau bron yn union yr un fath.<\/p><p>Prif gyfnod blodeuo traddodiad Enki\/Ea: 3ydd a&#8217;r 2il fileniwm CC. Yn ystod y 1af mileniwm CC fe&#8217;i disodlwyd fwyfwy gan Marduk (Babilon) fel duw&#8217;r ymerodraeth; ond mae Ea yn parhau&#8217;n &bdquo;dad Marduk&ldquo; ac yn cadw ei r\u00f4l gosmolegol allweddol.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ardal Ledaeniad<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Prif ganolfan addoliad oedd <strong>Eridu<\/strong> (Eridug yn Sumeraidd, heddiw Tell Abu Shahrein yn ne Irac), un o gymhlethdodau <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Adeilad sy'n gwasanaethu addoliad un neu ragor o dduwiau.\" tabindex=\"0\">teml<\/span> hynaf Mesopotamia, wedi ei hanheddu o tua 5400 CC. Hefyd Babilon (teml Ea yng nghymhleth Esagila), Ur, Susa (Elamitaidd). Yn nhraddodiad Elam mae Enki\/Ea yn dwyn yr enw <em>Inshushinak<\/em>, gyda swyddogaethau sy&#8217;n gorgyffwrdd yn rhannol.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sail y Ffynonellau<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ffynonellau canolog: yr <em>Enuma Elish<\/em> (epig creu Babilonaidd), y naratif Sumeraidd <em>Inanna ac Enki<\/em>, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naratif traddodiadol am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">chwedl<\/span> <em>Atrahasis<\/em> (y llifogydd mawr), <em>Enki a Threfn y Byd<\/em>, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naratif traddodiadol am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">chwedl<\/span> <em>Adapa<\/em>. Llenyddiaeth eilaidd: Lambert\/Millard, <em>Atra-Hasis<\/em>; Black\/Cunningham, <em>Literature of Ancient Sumer<\/em>; Bott\u00e9ro, <em>La plus vieille religion. En M\u00e9sopotamie<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Enw<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fel arfer darlunnir Enki fel g\u0175r doeth, barfog, yn aml gyda choron gyrn neu goronbleth. Mae d\u0175r yn dwyn ei enw: fe&#8217;i hebryngir gan ddwy sarff-dd\u0175r neu bysgodyn sy&#8217;n tarddu o&#8217;i ysgwyddau (yr <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arwydd sy'n cynrychioli syniad neu ystyr.\" tabindex=\"0\">arwydd<\/span> <em>Abzu<\/em>).<\/p><p>Ar seliau eistedda ar orsedd uwchben ffynhonnau, afonydd a thonnau&#8217;r m\u00f4r. Ei arwyddlun yw&#8217;r <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bod ysbrydol y priodolir dylanwad niweidiol neu amwys iddo.\" tabindex=\"0\">gythraul<\/span> gafr-bysgodyn (<em>Kulull\u00fb<\/em>), bod hybrid o rymoedd mynydd a d\u0175r. Fel dewin mae&#8217;n dwyn arwyddion doethineb: ysgrifbin, ffon fesur, sgr\u00f4l gwybodaeth.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nodweddion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mae Enki (Swmereg <em>en-ki<\/em>, &#8220;Arglwydd y Ddaear&#8221;; Acadeg Ea) yn dduw dyfroedd Swmero-Acadaidd o Eridu, y ddinas a ystyrir yn rhestr frenhinol Swmeraidd fel dinas gyntaf y greadigaeth.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;n dduw dyfnderoedd d\u0175r croyw (<em>abzu<\/em>), doethineb, a&#8217;r crefftau llaw a hudol. Yn hierarchaeth dduwiau Mesopotamia, mae&#8217;n drydydd yn y drefn, ar \u00f4l An (y nen) ac Enlil (y gwynt).<\/p><p>Ystyrid ei <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Adeilad a ddefnyddir i addoli un neu ragor o dduwdodau.\" tabindex=\"0\">deml<\/span> E-abzu yn Eridu fel y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Lle sanctaidd a gysegrwyd i addoli duwdod.\" tabindex=\"0\">gysegrle<\/span> hynaf yn Mesopotamia. Yn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naratif traddodiadol am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">chwedl<\/span> Atrahasis a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naratif traddodiadol am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">chwedl<\/span> Swmeraidd y Dilyw, rhybuddiodd Enki y gwron dynol am y llifogydd, sail i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naratif traddodiadol am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">chwedl<\/span> Beiblaidd Noa (cf. Bott\u00e9ro, <em>Mesopotamia<\/em>; Black\/Green, <em>Gods, Demons and Symbols<\/em>; Jacobsen, <em>The Treasures of Darkness<\/em>).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Proffil: Enki<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yr agweddau pwysicaf ar Enki\/Ea ar gip. Mae&#8217;r meysydd canlynol yn crynhoi tarddiad, swyddogaeth, ymddangosiad, addoliad, symbolau a chymariaethau.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Traddodiad<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mae Enki yn fab i&#8217;r dduwies gyntefig Nammu (yn un traddodiad), neu i An (y nen) a Ki (y ddaear). Brawd i Enlil.<\/p><p>Yn chwedl greadigaeth Swmeraidd, mae&#8217;n llunio dynolryw o glai&#8217;r Apsu i ryddhau&#8217;r duwiau o&#8217;r gwaith (yn ganolog i&#8217;r <em>Atrahasis<\/em>). Tad Marduk (yn y traddodiad Babilonaidd). Priod <em>Damkina<\/em> (Damgalnuna), ac yn gysylltiedig \u00e2 Ninhursanga (Ninmah) yn rhai chwedlau.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cynulleidfa Enki<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Arglwydd yr <em>Apsu<\/em>, dyfnder cosmig y d\u0175r croyw y tardd pob bywyd ffrwythlon ohono. Noddwr doethineb, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arferion sy'n ceisio ymyrryd yn nhrefn pethau drwy weithredoedd neu fformwl\u00e2u arbennig.\" tabindex=\"0\">hud<\/span> ac offeiriaid-swynwyr (<em>asipu<\/em>). Dyfeisiwr celfyddyd iachau, dyfrhau camlesi, celfyddydau gwareiddiad (yng nghyfundrefn <em>me<\/em> Sumeraidd). Yn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naratif traddodiadol am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">chwedl<\/span> y llifogydd mawr, ef yw&#8217;r un sy&#8217;n rhybuddio Atrahasis; Enki yw&#8217;r duw sy&#8217;n gyfeillgar i ddynolryw, sy&#8217;n gweithredu yn erbyn penderfyniad dinistr Enlil.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ymddangosiad Enki<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ymddengys ar lun dyn barfog, gwedd ddynol, gyda tiara uchel a gwisg laes. Yn nodweddiadol, mae dwy ffrwd dd\u0175r (gyda physgod bach) yn llifo o&#8217;i ysgwyddau, dyfroedd Tigris ac Euphrates. Yn aml yn cyd-ymddangos \u00e2&#8217;r <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bod sy'n cyfuno nodweddion gwahanol greaduriaid.\" tabindex=\"0\">greadur cyfansawdd<\/span> <em>Suchurmaschu<\/em> (bwch-pysgodyn, a ddaeth yn ddiweddarach yn arwydd y Sidydd Capricorn). Yn cael ei ddarlunio&#8217;n aml ar seliau rholio.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Swyddogaeth<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Maes gweithredu:<\/strong> Roedd Enki\/Ea yn dduw&#8217;r offeiriaid <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arferion sy'n ceisio dylanwadu ar drefn pethau trwy weithredoedd neu fformwl\u00e2u arbennig.\" tabindex=\"0\">hud<\/span> yn arbennig; ystyrid yr <em>asipu<\/em> (offeiriaid swyngyfaredd) fel ei weision. C\u00e2i ei alw ar cyn pob <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cyfres drefnus o weithredoedd symbolaidd \u00e2 phwysigrwydd crefyddol neu ddiwylliannol.\" tabindex=\"0\">seremoni<\/span> iach\u00e2d neu amddiffynnol. Yn Eridu, roedd miloedd o ddelweddau addunedol. Adeiladodd brenhinoedd Babilonaidd eu palasau&#8217;n aml dros systemau tanciau d\u0175r croyw tanddaearol, a oedd yn cynrychioli&#8217;r Apsu yn symbolaidd. Yn y werin bobl, roedd yn nawddsant ffermwyr (dyfrhau) a chrefftwyr yn ogystal.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cyfryngau Amddiffynnol<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ffrydiau d\u0175r o&#8217;r ysgwyddau (gyda physgod bach), tiara uchel, gwisg laes, bwch-pysgodyn (Suchurmaschu), sarff (doethineb gosmig), llun bricsen (fel rhoddwr mesuriadau). Planhigyn sanctaidd: tamarisk (yn ganolog i seremon\u00efau swyngyfaredd). Rhif sanctaidd: 40.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bodau Cysylltiedig<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Inshushinak<\/em> (Elam, swyddogaeth gysylltiedig), <em>Poseidon<\/em> (Groeg, meistrolaeth dros dd\u0175r, ond d\u0175r heli hefyd), <em>Hermes<\/em> (nawddsant <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arferion sy'n ceisio dylanwadu ar drefn pethau trwy weithredoedd neu fformwl\u00e2u arbennig.\" tabindex=\"0\">hud<\/span> a doethineb), <em>Thoth<\/em> (Yr Aifft, nawddsant ysgrifenwyr a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arferion sy'n ceisio dylanwadu ar drefn pethau trwy weithredoedd neu fformwl\u00e2u arbennig.\" tabindex=\"0\">hud<\/span>), <em>Varuna<\/em> (Hind\u0175aeth, dyfroedd cosmig), <em>Mimir<\/em> (Germanaidd, ffynnon doethineb), <em>Yu<\/em> (Tsieina, gorchfygwr y Dilyw, nawddsant dyfrhau).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ymarfer amddiffynnol<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Defodau addoli<\/strong><\/p><p>C\u00e2i Enki\/Ea ei addoli yn <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Adeilad a ddefnyddir i addoli un dduw neu fwy.\" tabindex=\"0\">deml<\/span> E-abzu yn Eridu, y bu i&#8217;w defodau puredigaeth swyddogaeth fodel ganolog i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Trefn addoliad grefyddol benodol gyda thestunau, caneuon a defodau.\">litwrgi<\/span> Mesopotamia. Cynhaliwyd offrymau puredigaeth dyddiol gyda d\u0175r o&#8217;r Ffynnon Sanctaidd (<em>apsu<\/em>), bara a chwrw.<\/p><p>Yng ng\u0175yl Blwyddyn Newydd <em>ak\u012btu<\/em>, roedd Enki&#8217;n chwarae r\u00f4l ganolog fel cynghorydd doeth i frenhiniaeth gosmig. Mae swynion Asaluhi (Asaluhi = mab Enki\/Marduk) yng nghyfres Maql\u00fb yn gweithredu drwy nerth puredigaethol d\u0175r Enki (gw. Foster, <em>Before the Muses<\/em>).<\/p><p><strong>Swynion a hymnau<\/strong><\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r \u201eHymn i Enki a&#8217;i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Adeilad a ddefnyddir i addoli un dduw neu fwy.\" tabindex=\"0\">deml<\/span> E-abzu&#8221; (BWL 100-105, Lambert) yn ogystal \u00e2&#8217;r naratif hwy \u201eTaith Enki i Nippur&#8221; yn destunau hymn canolog. Yn y repertoire swynion, gelwir arno fel \u201eB\u0113l n\u0113meqi&#8221; (Arglwydd Doethineb). Ystyrid offeiriaid <em>asipu<\/em> (swynwyr iachaol) fel cynrychiolwyr daearol Enki\/Marduk, a seiliai eu defodau iachaol ar wybodaeth gudd Enki.<\/p><p><strong>Amulednau a symbolau amddiffynnol<\/strong><\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arwydd sy'n cynrychioli syniad neu ystyr.\" tabindex=\"0\">Symbol<\/span> Enki: y pysgodyn-afr (<em>suhurma\u0161u<\/em>) a&#8217;r jwg d\u0175r sanctaidd (f\u00e2s <em>apsu<\/em>), a geir ar gerrig terfyn (kudurru) a seliau sylindr. Roedd basnau apsu yng nghyntedd temlau (Eridu, yn ddiweddarach Babilon, Nippur) yn amlygiad daearol o&#8217;i barth dyfrol. Defnyddid pinnau clai apotrop\u00e4ig \u00e2 swynion Enki wedi&#8217;u rholio ynddynt o dan drothwyon tai, yn bennaf i gadw twymynau ymhellach draw.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Enki, cyfochrau mewn diwylliannau eraill<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>Mae Enki\/Ea yn dwyn i gof y duw Eifftaidd Ptah, gan fod y ddau&#8217;n grewyr trwy&#8217;r gair a chrefft. Gyda Neptune (Rhufain) a Poseidon (Groeg) mae&#8217;n rhannu goruchafiaeth y dyfroedd, ond mae&#8217;n wahanol yn ei bwyslais ar ddoethineb.<\/p><p>Yn draddodiadau Indiaidd, mae&#8217;n debyg i Varuna, gwarcheidwad y drefn gosmig. Mae ei r\u00f4l fel cyfryngwr a chynorthwyydd caredig yn cael cyfochrau mewn gwahanol ddiwylliannau, y duw a ddaw \u00e2 gwybodaeth i ddynolryw, ond nid heb dwyll.<\/p><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5ec5c45 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp5ec5c45\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7d203f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp7d203f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Enki ac Ea: enw, natur a chylch cyfrifoldeb<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd905f27 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpd905f27\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp495a789 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp495a789\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Enki yw enw Swmeraidd un o dduwiau pwysicaf Mesopotamia. Yn y ffynonellau Acadaidd, Babilonaidd ac Asyraidd, gelwir yr un dduw yn Ea. Cyfieithir yr enw Swmeraidd yn draddodiadol fel Arglwydd y Ddaear, ond nid yw&#8217;r cyfieithiad hwn heb ei anghydfod. Nid y ddaear gadarn yw maes go iawn Enki, ond y d\u0175r croyw sydd, yn \u00f4l y gred Mesopotamaidd, yn gorwedd o dan y ddaear, yr Abzu neu Apsu.<\/p><p>O&#8217;r maes gweithredu hwn y deillia cyfrifoldebau Enki. Ef yw duw&#8217;r d\u0175r croyw, y ffynhonnau a&#8217;r dyfrhau, na fyddai amaethu yn bosibl ym Mesopotamia hebddynt.<\/p><p>Ar yr un pryd, ef yw duw doethineb, deallusrwydd a chyfrwystra, duw&#8217;r crefftau a&#8217;r celfyddydau hudol a&#8217;r swynion. Safai ei <span class=\"iwg-fachbegyn\" data-tooltip=\"Lle sanctaidd wedi'i neilltuo i addoli duwdod.\" tabindex=\"0\">gysegrfa<\/span> <em>E-abzu<\/em> yn hen ddinas Eridu, a ystyrid yn nhraddodiad <span class=\"iwg-fachbegyn\" data-tooltip=\"Trosglwyddo gwybodaeth a chwedlau dros genedlaethau.\" tabindex=\"0\">llafar<\/span> Mesopotamia yn un o&#8217;r dinasoedd hynaf oll.<\/p><p>Yn hierarchaeth y duwiau, saif Enki yn y rheng flaenaf, ynghyd \u00e2 duw&#8217;r nefoedd An a duw&#8217;r awyr Enlil. Tra bo Enlil yn ymddangos yn aml fel y llywodraethwr pell, weithiau llym, Enki yw&#8217;r duw agosach, dyfeisgar, sy&#8217;n cymryd ochr y bobl ac yn datrys problemau trwy graffter.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r rhaniad rolau hwn yn nodweddu llawer o chwedlau ac yn gwneud Enki yn un o&#8217;r cymeriadau mwyaf hoffus ym mhantheon Mesopotamia. Mae <span class=\"iwg-fachbegyn\" data-tooltip=\"Y wyddoniaeth sy'n astudio crefyddau'n gymharol a heb ymrwymiad ffydd.\" tabindex=\"0\">gwyddor crefydd<\/span> yn ei weld fel cynrychiolydd nodweddiadol o&#8217;r duw diwylliannol dwyfol, sy&#8217;n meddu ar y wybodaeth sy&#8217;n gwneud gwareiddiad yn bosibl yn y lle cyntaf.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp86b9d61 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp86b9d61\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp97d5bbd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp97d5bbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Enki fel cr\u00ebwr a dwyfr\u00ebwr diwylliant<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb83006c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpb83006c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp42d5fb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp42d5fb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mewn nifer o fythau Mesopotamia, mae Enki&#8217;n rhan o greu a threfnu&#8217;r byd. Mae&#8217;r <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naratif traddodiadol am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> <em>Enki a Threfn y Byd<\/em> yn adrodd sut y mae Enki&#8217;n dyrannu diben i wledydd, afonydd, anifeiliaid a gweithgareddau dynol amrywiol, ac yn trosglwyddo cyfrifoldebau i dduwiau unigol. Ymddengys yma fel y trefnydd a rydd i&#8217;r cosmos a gr\u00ebwyd ei swyddogaethau.<\/p><p>Mae Enki&#8217;n gysylltiedig yn agos iawn \u00e2 chreu dynolryw. Yn y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naratif traddodiadol am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> <em>Enki a Ninmach<\/em>, mae&#8217;r duwiau&#8217;n llunio dynolryw o glai er mwyn i&#8217;r ddynoliaeth gymryd y gwaith drosodd; Enki yw&#8217;r un sy&#8217;n rhoi&#8217;r cyngor tyngedfennol.<\/p><p>Mewn testunau eraill, megis <em>Epig Atrahasis<\/em>, Enki hefyd sy&#8217;n chwarae&#8217;r r\u00f4l bwysicaf yng nghreu dynolryw. Perthyn y syniad y cr\u00ebwyd dynolryw i wasanaethu&#8217;r duwiau a&#8217;u cynnal i hanfod <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y ddysgeidiaeth wyddonol am Dduw a chred crefydd.\" tabindex=\"0\">diwinyddiaeth<\/span> Mesopotamia, ac Enki yw&#8217;r duw a wireddai&#8217;r cynllun hwn.<\/p><p>Ynghlwm ag Enki hefyd y mae cysyniad y <em>me<\/em>, casgliad o seiliau gwareiddiad a roddwyd yn ddwyfol, gan gynnwys pob dim o frenhiniaeth a swyddi offeiriadol i grefftau a ffurfiau ymddygiad. Yn y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naratif traddodiadol am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">myth<\/span> <em>Inanna ac Enki<\/em>, mae&#8217;r dduwies <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/ishtar\/\">Inanna<\/a> yn twyllo Enki i ildio&#8217;r <em>me<\/em> hyn ac yn eu cludo i&#8217;w dinas, Uruk.<\/p><p>Ymddengys Enki yma fel gwarcheidwad gwreiddiol y gwybodaeth ddiwylliannol. Mae ymchwil yn dehongli mythau o&#8217;r fath fel ymdrechion gan bobl Mesopotamia i egluro tarddiad eu diwylliant trefol datblygedig eu hunain, a&#8217;i wreiddio&#8217;n grefyddol.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp71f4b03 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp71f4b03\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cped5d749 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cped5d749\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Enki a'r llifogydd mawr<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf6ec973 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpf6ec973\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpcc8f11d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpcc8f11d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yn y chwedlau llifogydd Mesopotamaidd, mae Enki yn chwarae&#8217;r r\u00f4l achubol. Mae&#8217;r strwythur sylfaenol wedi&#8217;i gadw mewn nifer o destunau, yn fanylaf yn yr <em>Atrahasis-Epig<\/em> ac yn rhan y llifogydd o&#8217;r unfed dabled ar ddeg o&#8217;r <em>Gilgamesh-Epig<\/em>; hysbys hefyd yw fersiwn Swmeraidd anghyflawn.<\/p><p>Ym mhob fersiwn, mae&#8217;r duwiau&#8217;n penderfynu difa dynolryw, mewn rhai fersiynau am fod pobl wedi mynd yn rhy niferus ac yn rhy swnllyd, gan darfu ar gwsg y duwiau.<\/p><p>Nid yw Enki yn glynu at benderfyniad cynulliad y duwiau. Mae&#8217;n rhybuddio dyn duwiol unigol, a elwir yn Atrahasis, Ziusudra neu Utnapishtim yn dibynnu ar y testun, ac yn ei gyfarwyddo i adeiladu llong fawr i achub ei hun, ei deulu a&#8217;i anifeiliaid.<\/p><p>Mewn pennod gynnil, mae Enki yn osgoi llw drwy gyfeirio&#8217;r rhybudd nid yn uniongyrchol at y dyn, ond yn ei lefaru fel pe bai wrth wal o gorsen y t\u0177, y tu \u00f4l i honno mae&#8217;r dyn yn clustfeinio. Ar \u00f4l y llifogydd, Enki eto sy&#8217;n dadlau o flaen cynulliad y duwiau dros barhad dynolryw, ac yn cynnig moddion mwynach o reoli poblogaeth.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r chwedlau hyn o bwys mawr yn hanes crefydd, gan eu bod yn perthyn i&#8217;r chwedlau llifogydd hynaf a hysbys yn llenyddiaeth y byd, ac am fod cysylltiad hanesyddol-draddodiadol amlwg rhyngddynt a chwedl y Dilyw Beiblaidd.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r ymchwil academaidd wedi trafod y berthynas hon ers dadgodio&#8217;r Gilgamesh-Epig yn y 19eg ganrif. Y mae&#8217;n bwysig nodi bod Enki, yn y fersiwn Mesopotamaidd, yn chwarae r\u00f4l y duw doeth a chymwynasgar tuag at ddynolryw, sy&#8217;n atal dinistr trwy weithred o gyfrwystra a chyfryngiad.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp06603d2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp06603d2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf755097 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf755097\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Eiconograffeg a dylanwad parhaol<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8685b07 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp8685b07\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp26e0ff2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp26e0ff2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yn gelfyddyd weledol Mesopotamia, gellir adnabod Enki gan nodwedd nodedig: llifa dwy ffrwd dd\u0175r o&#8217;i ysgwyddau neu o lestr yn ei law, ac ynddynt yn aml gwelir pysgod.<\/p><p>Mae&#8217;r ffrydiau hyn yn cynrychioli afonydd Tigris ac Ewffrates, neu&#8217;n gyffredinol y d\u0175r croyw bywiol y mae&#8217;n ei reoli. Ymddengys yn aml ar seliau rholio, y silindrau carreg bychan a naddwyd i selio dogfennau a llestri, ac sy&#8217;n ffynhonnell weledol bwysig ar gyfer byd duwiau Mesopotamaidd.<\/p><p>Yn gysylltiedig ag Enki mae ffigwr nodedig arall, yr <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Creaduriaid cyfansawdd doeth o draddodiad Mesopotamaidd, a ddarluniwyd fel ffigyrau amddiffynnol ar adeiladau.\" tabindex=\"0\">apkallu<\/span><\/em>, cynorthwywr doeth <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Creadur sy'n uno nodweddion gwahanol fywiau.\" tabindex=\"0\">cyfansawdd<\/span>, wedi&#8217;i ddarlunio ar brydiau \u00e2 gwisg pysgod, sy&#8217;n cyfleu i ddynolryw y gwybodaeth a ddaw o Enki.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Trosglwyddiad gwybodaeth a chwedlau dros genedlaethau.\" tabindex=\"0\">Traddodiad<\/span> diweddarach yn adnabod ffigwr o&#8217;r enw Oannes, creadur ar ffurf pysgodyn, y dywedir iddo ddwyn celfyddydau gwareiddiad i ddynolryw; y ffigwr hwn, a ddisgrifiwyd yn Roegaidd gan yr offeiriad Babilonaidd Berossos, sy&#8217;n rhan o draddodiad y cylch hwn o syniadau ynghylch Enki a&#8217;r <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Creaduriaid cyfansawdd doeth o draddodiad Mesopotamaidd, a ddarluniwyd fel ffigyrau amddiffynnol ar adeiladau.\" tabindex=\"0\">apkallu<\/span><\/em>.<\/p><p>Ar \u00f4l diwedd diwylliant Mesopotamia, aeth Enki, yn wahanol i Ishtar er enghraifft, i ddifancoll i raddau helaeth; nid oes llinach ddiderfyn o dderbyniad diwylliannol fel sydd gan dduwiau Groeg. Diolch a rown am ei ailddarganfyddiad i Assyroleg, sydd wedi datgloi&#8217;r testunau cwneiff ers y 19eg ganrif.<\/p><p>I <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Y wyddoniaeth sy'n astudio crefyddau'n gymharol ac yn ddiduedd.\" tabindex=\"0\">astudiaethau crefydd<\/span> heddiw, mae Enki o ddiddordeb yn bennaf fel math: fel esiampl o dduw doethineb a diwylliant sy&#8217;n cyfryngu rhwng dynolryw a byd uwch y duwiau, ac fel ffigwr canolog yn chwedlau creadigaeth a llifogydd hynaf dynolryw sydd wedi&#8217;u cofnodi&#8217;n ysgrifenedig.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cysylltiadau pellach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/marduk\/\">Marduk, mab (traddodiad Babilonaidd)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/anu\/\">An\/Anu, tad (nef)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/mesopotamia\/\">Mesopotamia, trosolwg pantheon<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/duwiau-uchel\/\">Prif dduwiau, isgategori<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/duwiau\/\">Duwiau, trosolwg dosbarthiadau<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Llenyddiaeth (dewis)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Lambert, Wilfred G. \/ Millard, Alan R.: <em>Atra-Hasis. The Babylonian Story of the Flood<\/em>. Oxford 1969.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Black, Jeremy \/ Cunningham, Graham et al.: <em>The Literature of Ancient Sumer<\/em>. Oxford 2004.<\/span><\/li><li>Walde, Christine (Hg.): <em>Der Neue Pauly<\/em> (cofnod &bdquo;Enki&ldquo; &bdquo;Ea&ldquo;).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Gweithiau safonol pellach yn y <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cy\/llenyddiaeth\/\">rhestr lyfryddol<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-614e5fa e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"614e5fa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6096080 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6096080\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>Cwestiynau Cyffredin am Enki<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Pwy oedd Enki yn y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cyfanswm y chwedlau am dduwiau a drosglwyddwyd o fewn diwylliant.\" tabindex=\"0\">fytholeg<\/span> Swmeraidd?<\/h3><p>Enki (Ea yn Acadaidd) oedd duw Swmeraidd doethineb, d\u0175r croyw, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Arferion sy'n ceisio dylanwadu ar drefn pethau drwy weithredoedd neu fformwl\u00e2u arbennig.\" tabindex=\"0\">hud<\/span> a&#8217;r crefftau. Mae&#8217;n un o&#8217;r duwiau hynaf a phwysicaf ym Mesopotamia, gyda&#8217;i brif ganolfan gwlt yn Eridu (un o ddinasoedd cynharaf hanes dynoliaeth).<\/p><p>Yn wahanol i Enlil, sy&#8217;n ddwys yn aml, mae Enki yn dduw dyfeisgar a chyfeillgar tuag at ddynolryw. Ef a fowldiodd bobl o glai, ef a roddodd i Inanna bwerau&#8217;r duwiau (y Me), ac ef a rybuddiodd am y llifogydd mawr drwy gyfarwyddo Utnapishtim yn gudd i adeiladu arch.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Pa r\u00f4l sydd gan Enki yn y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Chwedl a drosglwyddwyd am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">chwedl<\/span> am y llifogydd mawr?<\/h3><p>Yn Epig Atrahasis (tua&#8217;r 18fed ganrif CC) ac yn Epig Gilgamesh (Llechen 11), Enki yw&#8217;r duw a rwystrodd ddifodiad dynoliaeth gan y llifogydd mawr. Roedd Enlil wedi condemnio pobl i ddinistr am eu twrw.<\/p><p>Ni chaniateir i Enki rybuddio&#8217;n uniongyrchol, ond mae&#8217;n llefaru drwy wal o gyrs, y tu \u00f4l i&#8217;r hon y digwydd i Utnapishtim (Atrahasis yn y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Chwedl a drosglwyddwyd am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">chwedl<\/span> h\u0177n) fod yn sefyll. Wrth wneud hynny mae&#8217;r arwr yn adeiladu arch, yn achub ei hun, ei deulu ac ambell anifail. Mae&#8217;r <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Chwedl a drosglwyddwyd am dduwiau, tarddiadau a threfn y byd.\" tabindex=\"0\">chwedl<\/span> Mesopotamaidd hon am y llifogydd mawr yn rhagflaenydd llenyddol i hanes Noa yn y Beibl (Genesis 6-9).<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Pwy oedd Enki yn y fytholeg Swmeraidd?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Enki (Ea yn Acadaidd) oedd duw Swmeraidd doethineb, d\u0175r croyw, hud a'r crefftau. Mae'n un o'r duwiau hynaf a phwysicaf ym Mesopotamia, gyda'i brif ganolfan gwlt yn Eridu (un o ddinasoedd cynharaf hanes dynoliaeth).Yn wahanol i Enlil, sy'n ddwys yn aml, mae Enki yn dduw dyfeisgar a chyfeillgar tuag at ddynolryw. Ef a fowldiodd bobl o glai, ef a roddodd i Inanna bwerau'r duwiau (y Me), ac ef a rybuddiodd am y llifogydd mawr drwy gyfarwyddo Utnapishtim yn gudd i adeiladu arch.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Pa r\u00f4l sydd gan Enki yn y chwedl am y llifogydd mawr?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Yn Epig Atrahasis (tua'r 18fed ganrif CC) ac yn Epig Gilgamesh (Llechen 11), Enki yw'r duw a rwystrodd ddifodiad dynoliaeth gan y llifogydd mawr. Roedd Enlil wedi condemnio pobl i ddinistr am eu twrw.Ni chaniateir i Enki rybuddio'n uniongyrchol, ond mae'n llefaru drwy wal o gyrs, y tu \u00f4l i'r hon y digwydd i Utnapishtim (Atrahasis yn y chwedl h\u0177n) fod yn sefyll. Wrth wneud hynny mae'r arwr yn adeiladu arch, yn achub ei hun, ei deulu ac ambell anifail. Mae'r chwedl Mesopotamaidd hon am y llifogydd mawr yn rhagflaenydd llenyddol i hanes Noa yn y Beibl (Genesis 6-9).\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1734,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Enki","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Enki \u2013 duw dyfroedd croyw a doethineb Mesopotamia","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Ei deml yn Eridu, deddfau'r Me, ei r\u00f4l fel tad Marduk a chreawdwr y ddynolryw.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"2","wesen_kultur":"mesopotamien","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-191310","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO 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