{"id":146379,"date":"2026-09-03T16:46:31","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:46:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=146379"},"modified":"2026-09-03T17:21:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T17:21:50","slug":"anglicka-lidova-tradice","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/anglicka-lidova-tradice\/","title":{"rendered":"Anglick\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 tradice"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"146379\" class=\"elementor elementor-146379 elementor-20560 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-hero iwg-kultur-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-hl iwg-kultur-hero-left e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Anglick\u00fd folklor, dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchov\u00e9 a \u010dern\u00ed psi hrabstv\u00ed<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-leadc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-leadc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Anglick\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 tradice nevznikla jako jednotn\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ale jako mozaika m\u00edstn\u00edch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed: ka\u017ed\u00e9 hrabstv\u00ed, \u010dasto ka\u017ed\u00e1 vesnice, m\u011blo sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed duchy, vodn\u00ed bytosti a varovn\u00e1 znamen\u00ed. A\u017e sb\u011bratel\u00e9 19. stolet\u00ed, inspirovan\u00ed bratry Grimmy a vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed folkloristikou, tato \u00fastn\u00ed pod\u00e1n\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017edili, ne\u017e je industrializace a odchod z venkova na mnoha m\u00edstech uml\u010dely.<\/p>\n<p class=\"iwg-kwfix\">Dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchov\u00e9 jako Hob a Boggart, \u010dern\u00ed psi a bludi\u010dky tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed invent\u00e1\u0159 tohoto anglick\u00e9ho folkloru hrabstv\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-hr iwg-kultur-hero-right e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-himg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-himg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_beaivi-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-147295\" alt=\"Beaivi \u2013 bohyn\u011b z tradice S\u00e1m\u016f, historicko-ilustrativn\u00ed zobrazen\u00ed\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_beaivi-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_beaivi-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_beaivi-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_beaivi.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-sec-iwgcomp-sami elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"sec-iwgcomp-sami\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-col-iwgcomp-sami\" data-id=\"col-iwgcomp-sami\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcomp-sami elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcomp-sami\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Anglick\u00e1 <strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e9 sb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed a systematizace \u00fastn\u00ed lidov\u00e9 tradice, zpravidla od 19. stolet\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">folkloristika<\/span><\/strong> za\u010dala v 19. stolet\u00ed systematicky zaznamen\u00e1vat rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9 pov\u011bsti hrabstv\u00ed o dom\u00e1c\u00edch du\u0161\u00edch, vodn\u00edch bytostech a ducha\u0159sk\u00fdch zjeven\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p class=\"iwg-kwfix\">Tito <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se motiv anglick\u00e9ho folkloru: zlov\u011bstn\u00fd, \u010dasto obrovsk\u00fd \u010dern\u00fd pes.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u010dern\u00ed psi<\/span> a dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchov\u00e9 se dodnes dochov\u00e1vaj\u00ed v region\u00e1ln\u00edch sb\u00edrk\u00e1ch anglick\u00fdch hrabstv\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Folklor hrabstv\u00ed a jeho sb\u011bratel\u00e9<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s0-c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s0-c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Anglie nem\u00e1 jednotnou mytologii v podob\u011b uzav\u0159en\u00e9ho panteonu, ale hustou s\u00ed\u0165 region\u00e1ln\u00edch pov\u011bst\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od Cornwallu a\u017e po Northumberland. A\u017e se zalo\u017een\u00edm Folklore Society v roce 1878 a d\u00edly jako Notes on the Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties of England (1866) od Williama Hendersona byla tato pestrost systematicky zaznamen\u00e1na.<\/p><p>Ve 20. stolet\u00ed v t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ci pokra\u010dovaly Katharine Briggs se sv\u00fdm d\u00edlem A Dictionary of Fairies (1976) a Ruth Tongue se sv\u00fdmi sb\u00edrkami ze Somersetu. Jejich katalogy ukazuj\u00ed, jak v\u00fdrazn\u011b se jm\u00e9no a podoba jednoho a t\u00e9ho\u017e typu bytosti li\u0161\u00ed od hrabstv\u00ed k hrabstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p class=\"iwg-kwfix\">Z t\u00e9to sb\u011bratelsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce poch\u00e1z\u00ed i poznatky o dom\u00e1c\u00edch a ohni\u0161\u0165ov\u00fdch du\u0161\u00edch, jako je Hob a Boggart, i o mnoha \u010dern\u00fdch psech Anglie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchov\u00e9: Hob, Boggart a Lob-lie-by-the-Fire<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s1-c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s1-c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hob\/\">Hob<\/a> je pomocn\u00fd duch v\u00e1zan\u00fd na d\u016fm nebo statek, kter\u00fd v noci vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce, pokud se s n\u00edm zach\u00e1z\u00ed s respektem; pokud mu je darov\u00e1no oble\u010den\u00ed, c\u00edt\u00ed to podle tradice jako ur\u00e1\u017eku a zmiz\u00ed. Bl\u00edzce p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hobgoblin\/\">Hobgoblin<\/a> a u ohn\u011b le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/lob-lie-by-the-fire\/\">Lob-lie-by-the-Fire<\/a> sd\u00edlej\u00ed tento motiv neviditeln\u00e9ho, ale dob\u0159e sm\u00fd\u0161lej\u00edc\u00edho dom\u00e1c\u00edho ducha.<\/p><p>Pokud je takov\u00fd duch p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017een nebo zesm\u011b\u0161\u0148ov\u00e1n, m\u016f\u017ee se podle vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed st\u00e1t <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/boggart\/\">Boggartem<\/a>, nevypo\u010ditateln\u00fdm zjeven\u00edm podobn\u00fdm poltergeistovi, kter\u00e9 p\u0159em\u00eds\u0165uje mobili\u00e1\u0159 a p\u016fsob\u00ed hluk; n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed Boggarti jsou tak\u00e9 v\u00e1z\u00e1ni na m\u00edsto, nap\u0159\u00edklad v \u00fadol\u00ed u Manchesteru zn\u00e1m\u00e9m jako Boggart Hole Clough.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vodn\u00ed duchov\u00e9: Jenny Greenteeth, Peg Powler, Grindylow, Asrai<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s2-c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s2-c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V mnoha hrabstv\u00edch severn\u00ed Anglie varovali dosp\u011bl\u00ed d\u011bti vodn\u00edmi bytostmi p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi rybn\u00edky a \u0159ekami. <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146264\">Jenny Greenteeth<\/a>, pojmenovan\u00e1 po zelen\u00e9m ok\u0159ehkov\u00e9m povlaku stojat\u00fdch vod, a podobn\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146263\">Grindylow<\/a> z Yorkshiru a Lancashiru podle pov\u011bsti stahovali neopatrn\u00e9 d\u011bti pod vodu.<\/p><p>U \u0159eky Tees v County Durham se vypr\u00e1v\u011blo o <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146265\">Peg Powler<\/a>, jej\u00ed\u017e nazelenal\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u011bna byla ozna\u010dov\u00e1na jako \u201ePeg Powlerova m\u00fddlov\u00e1 p\u011bna\u201c. M\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed povahy je <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146262\">Asrai<\/a>, plach\u00e1 vodn\u00ed bytost, kter\u00e1 podle tradice Ruth Tongue roztaje v m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edm sv\u011btle, jakmile je chycena.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Klasifikace pov\u011bre\u010dn\u00fdch bytost\u00ed: solit\u00e9rn\u00ed duchov\u00e9 a funk\u010dn\u00ed typy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s3-c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s3-c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Folkloristka Katharine Briggs ve sv\u00fdch standardn\u00edch d\u00edlech rozli\u0161ovala mezi solit\u00e9rn\u00edmi, samot\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi bytostmi, jako je <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hob\/\">Hob<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/boggart\/\">Boggart<\/a>, a sp\u00ed\u0161e skupinov\u011b poj\u00edman\u00fdmi v\u00edlami skotsko-irsk\u00fdch sousedn\u00edch tradic, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e toto rozli\u0161en\u00ed lze na anglickou tradici, siln\u011bji utv\u00e1\u0159enou jednotliv\u00fdmi postavami, p\u0159en\u00e9st jen omezen\u011b.<\/p><p>V r\u00e1mci t\u011bchto jednotliv\u00fdch postav lze rozli\u0161it zhruba t\u0159i funk\u010dn\u00ed typy: pomocn\u00e9 a dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchy jako Hob a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/lob-lie-by-the-fire\/\">Lob-lie-by-the-Fire<\/a>, varovn\u00e9 bytosti jako \u010dern\u00ed psi a bludi\u010dky a vodn\u00ed duchy jako <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146264\">Jenny Greenteeth<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146265\">Peg Powler<\/a>, jejich\u017e vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed slou\u017eila p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k odstra\u0161en\u00ed od nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch m\u00edst. Tato systematika je pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm folkloristick\u00fdm uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm, nikoli kategori\u00ed, kterou by pou\u017e\u00edvali sami vyprav\u011b\u010di.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-sami-s-faq e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x-sami-s-faq\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-sami-h-faq elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x-sami-h-faq\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o anglick\u00e9m folkloru<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s3-c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s3-c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-sami-t-faq elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x-sami-t-faq\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Co je to Hob nebo Boggart?<\/h3>\n<p>Hob je pomocn\u00fd duch anglick\u00e9ho folkloru v\u00e1zan\u00fd na d\u016fm nebo dvorec. Podle tradice se z n\u011bj m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t nevypo\u010ditateln\u00fd, poltergeistu podobn\u00fd Boggart, pokud je zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1n nebo pokud mu je darov\u00e1no oble\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Co znamenaj\u00ed \u010cern\u00ed psi Anglie?<\/h3>\n<p>\u010cern\u00ed psi jako Black Shuck, Barghest a Padfoot jsou opakuj\u00edc\u00edm se motivem region\u00e1ln\u00edch anglick\u00fdch pov\u011bst\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161inou jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za zjeven\u00ed v\u011b\u0161t\u00edc\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, jejich\u017e spat\u0159en\u00ed m\u00e1 p\u0159edznamen\u00e1vat nemoc nebo smrt.<\/p>\n<h3>Co je to Will-o-the-Wisp?<\/h3>\n<p>Will-o-the-Wisp ozna\u010duje bludi\u010dky nad ra\u0161elini\u0161ti a ba\u017einami, kter\u00e9 se v region\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1zvech objevuj\u00ed jako Hinkypunk, Lantern Man nebo Hobby Lantern. Podle tradice odv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed poutn\u00edky z bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 cesty.<\/p>\n<h3>Kdo sb\u00edral anglickou lidovou tradici?<\/h3>\n<p>Sb\u011bratel\u00e9 jako William Henderson v 19. stolet\u00ed a Katharine Briggs a Ruth Tongue ve 20. stolet\u00ed poprv\u00e9 systematicky shrom\u00e1\u017edili dosud jen \u00fastn\u011b tradovan\u00e9 hrabstevn\u00ed pov\u011bsti a vydali je ve folkloristick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edru\u010dk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Co je to Hob nebo Boggart?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Hob je pomocn\u00fd duch anglick\u00e9ho folkloru v\u00e1zan\u00fd na d\u016fm nebo dvorec. Podle tradice se z n\u011bj m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t nevypo\u010ditateln\u00fd, poltergeistu podobn\u00fd Boggart, pokud je zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1n nebo pokud mu je darov\u00e1no oble\u010den\u00ed.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Co znamenaj\u00ed \u010cern\u00ed psi Anglie?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"\u010cern\u00ed psi jako Black Shuck, Barghest a Padfoot jsou opakuj\u00edc\u00edm se motivem region\u00e1ln\u00edch anglick\u00fdch pov\u011bst\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161inou jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za zjeven\u00ed v\u011b\u0161t\u00edc\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, jejich\u017e spat\u0159en\u00ed m\u00e1 p\u0159edznamen\u00e1vat nemoc nebo smrt.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Co je to Will-o-the-Wisp?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Will-o-the-Wisp ozna\u010duje bludi\u010dky nad ra\u0161elini\u0161ti a ba\u017einami, kter\u00e9 se v region\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1zvech objevuj\u00ed jako Hinkypunk, Lantern Man nebo Hobby Lantern. Podle tradice odv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed poutn\u00edky z bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 cesty.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Kdo sb\u00edral anglickou lidovou tradici?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Sb\u011bratel\u00e9 jako William Henderson v 19. stolet\u00ed a Katharine Briggs a Ruth Tongue ve 20. stolet\u00ed poprv\u00e9 systematicky shrom\u00e1\u017edili dosud jen \u00fastn\u011b tradovan\u00e9 hrabstevn\u00ed pov\u011bsti a vydali je ve folkloristick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edru\u010dk\u00e1ch.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bludi\u010dky: Will-o-the-Wisp, Hinkypunk a Lantern Man<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s4-c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s4-c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>O ra\u0161elini\u0161t\u00edch a vlhk\u00fdch oblastech vypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed anglick\u00e1 hrabstva u\u017e po stalet\u00ed o bludi\u010dk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed poutn\u00edky odv\u00e1d\u011bt z cesty. Nad\u0159azen\u00fd n\u00e1zev <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146241\">Will-o-the-Wisp<\/a> stoj\u00ed vedle region\u00e1ln\u00edch ozna\u010den\u00ed, jako je <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hinkypunk\/\">Hinkypunk<\/a> zn\u00e1m\u00fd v Somersetu a Devonu, v\u00fdchodoanglick\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/lantern-man\/\">Lantern Man<\/a> z oblasti Fens a p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hobby-lantern\/\">Hobby Lantern<\/a> ze Suffolku a Norfolku.<\/p><p>V Cornwallu se tento motiv propojil s postavou <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/joan-the-wad\/\">Joan the Wad<\/a>, sv\u011btelnou bytost\u00ed vypr\u00e1v\u011bnou jako kr\u00e1lovna piskies, kter\u00e1 se ve 20. stolet\u00ed stala popul\u00e1rn\u00edm motivem p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00edm \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 region\u00e1ln\u00ed sb\u00edrky nav\u00edc znaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed jm\u00e9na sv\u011bteln\u00fdch zjeven\u00ed, jako je v n\u011bkter\u00fdch pramenech dolo\u017een\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/pinket\/\">Pyne<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010cern\u00ed psi: Black Shuck, Barghest, Padfoot<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s5-c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s5-c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010cern\u00fdm psem je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/black-shuck\/\">Black Shuck<\/a> z East Anglie, jeho\u017e zjeven\u00ed v roce 1577 v kostel\u00edch v Bungay a Blythburghu p\u00edsemn\u011b zaznamenal Abraham Fleming. V Yorkshiru nese srovnateln\u00e1 bytost jm\u00e9no <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/barghest\/\">Barghest<\/a>, v Leedsu jm\u00e9no <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146220\">Padfoot<\/a>, kter\u00e9 dostala podle tlumen\u011b zn\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch krok\u016f.<\/p><p>P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdm motivem je <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146194\">Gabriel Hounds<\/a>, sme\u010dka ps\u016f sly\u0161en\u00e1 na no\u010dn\u00edm nebi, jej\u00ed\u017e \u0161t\u011bkot byl v severoanglick\u00e9 tradici pova\u017eov\u00e1n za p\u0159edzv\u011bst ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, a d\u00e1le z Cumbrie poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00ed d\u011btsk\u00e1 postava zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146227\">Radiant Boy<\/a>, spojovan\u00e1 s Corby Castle.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dal\u0161\u00ed duchovn\u00ed bytosti: Silkie, motivy Multo a m\u00edstn\u00ed prom\u011bny<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s6-c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s6-c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Krom\u011b dom\u00e1c\u00edch a vodn\u00edch duch\u016f zn\u00e1 anglick\u00fd folklor m\u00edstn\u011b v\u00e1zan\u00e9 duchovn\u00ed postavy, jako je <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/silkie\/\">Silkie<\/a> z Black Heddonu v Northumberlandu, \u0161ustiv\u011b hedv\u00e1b\u00edm od\u011bn\u00e9 zjeven\u00ed pohybuj\u00edc\u00ed se na hranici mezi duchem a bytost\u00ed z \u0159\u00ed\u0161e v\u00edl. Takov\u00e9 postavy ukazuj\u00ed, jak prostupn\u00e9 byly v \u00fastn\u00ed tradici hranice mezi dom\u00e1c\u00edm duchem, varovn\u00fdm duchem a zjeven\u00edm zesnul\u00e9ho.<\/p><p>S industrializac\u00ed a odchodem z venkova v 19. stolet\u00ed ztratilo mnoho t\u011bchto m\u00edstn\u00edch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed sv\u016fj praktick\u00fd kontext. Sb\u00edrky Hendersona, Briggsov\u00e9 a Tongueov\u00e9 je zachr\u00e1nily je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed t\u00edm, ne\u017e zcela zmizely z \u00fastn\u00edho pod\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2d9a92a3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2d9a92a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2515827f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2515827f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mozaika hrabstev m\u00edsto pantheonu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp25cbddf2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp25cbddf2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp240cdc6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp240cdc6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Na rozd\u00edl od seversk\u00e9 nebo \u0159eck\u00e9 mytologie nem\u00e1 Anglie \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd souvisl\u00fd, p\u00edsemn\u011b ust\u00e1len\u00fd pantheon. Anglick\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 tradice se naopak skl\u00e1dala z mno\u017estv\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se li\u0161ila hrabstv\u00ed od hrabstv\u00ed, n\u011bkdy i vesnice od vesnice.<\/p><p>Dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch, kter\u00fd se v Yorkshiru jmenuje Hob, se m\u016f\u017ee v jin\u00e9m hrabstv\u00ed objevit pod jin\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem a s m\u00edrn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fdmi vlastnostmi. Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro \u010cern\u00e9 psy a bludi\u010dky, jejich\u017e jm\u00e9na a podrobnosti se li\u0161\u00ed podle regionu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vzorec vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 zachov\u00e1n.<\/p><p>Tato rozmanitost zt\u011b\u017euje jakoukoli systematizaci. Religionistick\u00fd a folkloristick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 smysl, spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e v popisu opakuj\u00edc\u00edch se typ\u016f bytost\u00ed, region\u00e1ln\u011b r\u016fzn\u011b ztv\u00e1r\u0148ovan\u00fdch, ne\u017e v hled\u00e1n\u00ed jednotn\u00e9ho \u201eanglick\u00e9ho pantheonu\u201c.<\/p><p>Sb\u011bratel\u00e9 19. stolet\u00ed st\u00e1li p\u0159esn\u011b p\u0159ed touto v\u00fdzvou: museli se rozhodnout, zda a jak uspo\u0159\u00e1dat nes\u010detn\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed varianty do nad\u0159azen\u00fdch kategori\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2b1a3dae e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2b1a3dae\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp282c06ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp282c06ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dom\u00e1c\u00ed a oh\u0148ov\u00ed duchov\u00e9: Od Hoba k Boggartovi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp228b4522 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp228b4522\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp261454c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp261454c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>K nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm postav\u00e1m anglick\u00e9ho folkloru pat\u0159\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed a oh\u0148ov\u00ed duchov\u00e9, v\u00e1zan\u00ed na ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edsto, obvykle statek. Hob byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za pracovit\u00e9ho, ale plach\u00e9ho pomocn\u00edka, kter\u00fd v noci vymetal st\u00e1je nebo ml\u00e1til obil\u00ed, pokud se k n\u011bmu obyvatel\u00e9 chovali s respektem a p\u0159ipravovali mu mal\u00fd d\u00e1rek, \u010dasto ml\u00e9ko nebo ka\u0161i.<\/p><p>Opakuj\u00edc\u00edm se motivem je pravidlo, \u017ee Hobovi se nikdy nem\u00e1 darovat od\u011bv: kdo to p\u0159esto ud\u011blal, podle vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nav\u017edy ztratil sv\u00e9ho pomocn\u00edka, proto\u017ee d\u00e1rek ch\u00e1pal jako v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f ze slu\u017eby. Tato vypr\u00e1v\u011bc\u00ed struktura se s obm\u011bnami objevuje v mnoha anglick\u00fdch kraj\u00edch.<\/p><p>Pokud byl dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch ura\u017een, ignorov\u00e1n, nebo se zm\u011bnili obyvatel\u00e9 domu, mohl podle tradice zm\u011bnit svou povahu a jako Boggart se st\u00e1t obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdm, \u010di dokonce nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm, rozb\u00edjet n\u00e1dob\u00ed, pr\u00e1skat dve\u0159mi, pla\u0161it zv\u00ed\u0159ata. N\u011bkter\u00e9 rodiny m\u011bly pot\u00e9 opustit sv\u016fj d\u016fm, aby unikly Boggartovi, motiv, kter\u00fd se opakuje v n\u011bkolika severoanglick\u00fdch pov\u011bstech.<\/p><p>Tato vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed lze religionistiky \u010d\u00edst jako v\u00fdraz v\u00edry v dom\u00e1c\u00edho ducha, kter\u00e1 symbolicky vyjedn\u00e1vala \u0159\u00e1d, pracovitost a vz\u00e1jemn\u00fd respekt mezi \u010dlov\u011bkem a nev\u00eddan\u00fdm spolubydl\u00edc\u00edm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp295547c2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp295547c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp28944fb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp28944fb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prameny: od \u00fastn\u00edho pod\u00e1n\u00ed k folkloristice 19. stolet\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp23d59da4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp23d59da4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2ce157b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2ce157b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Anglick\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 pod\u00e1n\u00ed se po stalet\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b \u00fastn\u011b, \u010dasto od star\u0161\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f rodiny k d\u011btem, v p\u0159\u00e1stk\u00e1ch nebo u ohn\u011b. P\u00edsemn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy vznikaly pom\u011brn\u011b pozd\u011b a dlouho z\u016fst\u00e1valy ojedin\u011bl\u00e9, nap\u0159\u00edklad v k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00edch varuj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159ed &#8222;pov\u011br\u010div\u00fdmi&#8220; praktikami.<\/p><p>\u010casnou v\u00fdjimkou je zpr\u00e1va o zjeven\u00ed Black Shucka v kostelech v Bungay a Blythburgh, kterou duchovn\u00ed Abraham Fleming zaznamenal p\u00edsemn\u011b ji\u017e roku 1577. Systemati\u010dt\u011bji se <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span> zaznamen\u00e1vala a\u017e v 19. stolet\u00ed, kdy William Henderson p\u0159edlo\u017eil jednu z prvn\u00edch velk\u00fdch region\u00e1ln\u00edch sb\u00edrek Notes on the Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties of England (1866).<\/p><p>Folklore Society, zalo\u017een\u00e1 roku 1878, tuto sb\u011bratelskou \u010dinnost d\u00e1le profesionalizovala. Ve 20. stolet\u00ed v t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ci pokra\u010dovaly Katharine Briggs sv\u00fdm \u010dty\u0159d\u00edln\u00fdm d\u00edlem A Dictionary of British Folk-Tales a sv\u00fdm A Dictionary of Fairies a Ruth Tongue sv\u00fdmi Forgotten Folk-Tales of the English Counties, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zachr\u00e1nily mnoho vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by se jinak ztratila.<\/p><p>Tyto sb\u00edrky jsou samy o sob\u011b ji\u017e interpretacemi: sb\u011bratel\u00e9 vyb\u00edrali, uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1vali a vyhlazovali \u00fastn\u00ed varianty, proto dne\u0161n\u00ed bad\u00e1n\u00ed v\u017edy rozli\u0161uje mezi p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u00fastn\u00ed rozmanitost\u00ed a jej\u00edm p\u00edsemn\u00fdm zachycen\u00edm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2c009332 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2c009332\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp225c94da elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp225c94da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Industrializace, odliv z venkova a uml\u010den\u00ed pov\u011bst\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2c7191ab e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2c7191ab\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp23f4061d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp23f4061d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Anglick\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 pod\u00e1n\u00ed bylo \u00fazce sv\u00e1z\u00e1no s venkovsk\u00fdm, zem\u011bd\u011blsky utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm: dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchov\u00e9 hl\u00eddali statky, vodn\u00ed duchov\u00e9 varovali p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi rybn\u00edky, bludi\u010dky p\u0159ed mok\u0159ady. S industrializac\u00ed 18. a 19. stolet\u00ed a s n\u00ed spojen\u00fdm odlivem z venkova ztratil tento sv\u011bt sv\u016fj d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam.<\/p><p>M\u011bstsk\u00fd \u017eivot, \u017eeleznice a pozd\u011bji elektrick\u00e9 sv\u011btlo zp\u016fsobily, \u017ee mnoh\u00e9 star\u00e9 v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy ztratily sv\u016fj praktick\u00fd smysl, k \u010demu\u017e p\u0159isp\u011blo i rostouc\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed \u0161koln\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdn\u00e9ho vysv\u011btlen\u00ed. V mnoha oblastech tak vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed postupn\u011b upadala v zapomn\u011bn\u00ed, pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u010das, ne\u017e je v 19. stolet\u00ed zaznamenali sb\u011bratel\u00e9.<\/p><p>Ve 20. stolet\u00ed se folkloristky jako Katharine Briggs a Ruth Tongue c\u00edlen\u011b v\u011bnovaly z\u00e1chran\u011b st\u00e1le \u017eiv\u00fdch, av\u0161ak ohro\u017een\u00fdch \u00fastn\u00edch tradic, \u010dasto v rozhovorech s posledn\u00edmi nositelkami a nositeli tohoto v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed v odlehl\u00fdch kraj\u00edch.<\/p><p>Dnes tyto postavy p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v p\u00edsemn\u00e9 podob\u011b, ve sborn\u00edc\u00edch, m\u00edstn\u00edch jm\u00e9nech a turistick\u00e9m marketingu, jak je tomu v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Joan the Wad. O \u017eit\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 praxi v p\u016fvodn\u00edm smyslu u\u017e nelze mluvit, av\u0161ak o zachovan\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed pam\u011bti ano.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgha-sami-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgha-sami-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgha-sami-h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgha-sami-h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bytosti t\u00e9to tradice (20)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgha-sami-gc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgha-sami-gc\" 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decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_asrai-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Asrai\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Asrai<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/will-o-the-wisp\/\" aria-label=\"Will-o\u2018-the-wisp\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_will-o-the-wisp-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Will-o\u2018-the-wisp\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Will-o\u2018-the-wisp<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/radiant-boy\/\" aria-label=\"Radiant Boy\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_radiant-boy-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Radiant Boy\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Radiant Boy<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/padfoot\/\" aria-label=\"Padfoot\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_padfoot-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Padfoot\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Padfoot<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/gabriel-hounds\/\" aria-label=\"Gabriel Hounds\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_gabriel-hounds-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Gabriel Hounds\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Gabriel Hounds<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/black-shuck\/\" aria-label=\"Black Shuck\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_black-shuck-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Black Shuck\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Black Shuck<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/barghest\/\" aria-label=\"Barghest\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_barghest-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Barghest\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Barghest<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/lantern-man\/\" aria-label=\"Lantern Man\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_lantern-man-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Lantern Man\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Lantern Man<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/joan-the-wad\/\" aria-label=\"Joan the Wad\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_joan-the-wad-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Joan the Wad\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Joan the Wad<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hobby-lantern\/\" aria-label=\"Hobby Lantern\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_hobby-lantern-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Hobby Lantern\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Hobby Lantern<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hinkypunk\/\" aria-label=\"Hinkypunk\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_hinkypunk-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Hinkypunk\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Hinkypunk<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/silkie\/\" aria-label=\"Silkie\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_silkie-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Silkie\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Silkie<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/lob-lie-by-the-fire\/\" aria-label=\"Lob Lie-by-the-Fire\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_lob-lie-by-the-fire-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Lob Lie-by-the-Fire\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Lob Lie-by-the-Fire<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hobgoblin\/\" aria-label=\"Hobgoblin\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_hobgoblin-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Hobgoblin\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Hobgoblin<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hob\/\" aria-label=\"Hob\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_hob-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Hob\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Hob<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/boggart\/\" aria-label=\"Boggart\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_englisch_boggart-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Boggart\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Boggart<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 K bytosti<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-sami e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-sami\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-sami-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-sami-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Anglick\u00e1 tradice <em>dom\u00e1c\u00edch a oh\u0148ov\u00fdch duch\u016f<\/em> spojuje Hoba, Boggarta a Loba-lie-by-the-Fire do samostatn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 praxe okolo krbu a statku, zat\u00edmco zjeven\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako <em>\u010dern\u00ed psi Anglie<\/em>, jako Black Shuck a Barghest, plat\u00ed v krajsk\u00e9m folkloru za varovn\u00e9 bytosti p\u0159ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00edm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-kwd-c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-kwd-c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pojmy: Hob Boggart Black Shuck Barghest Padfoot Will-o-the-Wisp kraj folklor mok\u0159ina v\u0159esovi\u0161t\u011b.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-sami\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrann\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty v t\u00e9to kulturn\u00ed tradici<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Anglick\u00fd folklor zn\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/zelezo-a-chladne-zelezo\/\">\u017eelezo<\/a> jako tradi\u010dn\u00ed ochrann\u00fd prost\u0159edek proti Boggartovi a jin\u00fdm duchovn\u00edm bytostem, podkovy nad prahem dve\u0159\u00ed, d\u00e1le <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/zvony-rolnicky-hlucna-ochrana\/\">zvonky<\/a> a hluk k vyh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed nev\u00edtan\u00fdch zjeven\u00ed; ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 a chlebov\u00e9 dary naopak slou\u017eily k usm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed laskav\u011b nalad\u011bn\u00fdch dom\u00e1c\u00edch duch\u016f, jako je Hob. Tyto zvyklosti jsou kulturn\u011b-historicky dolo\u017eeny, nikoli jako prok\u00e1zan\u00fd ochrann\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek. P\u0159ehled ochrann\u00fdch forem r\u016fzn\u00fdch kultur nab\u00edz\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/kompas-ochrany\/\">Kompas ochrany<\/a>.<\/p><div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard navazuje na tuto kulturn\u011b-historickou linii nositeln\u00fdch ochrann\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 materi\u00e1lov\u00e9 architektu\u0159e, vyrobeno v N\u011bmecku. 41 vrstev, ryz\u00ed zlato, platina, st\u0159\u00edbro. 30denn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na vr\u00e1cen\u00ed.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=kultur-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">V\u00edce o iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">V\u00edce o iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti se mohou li\u0161it. Nejedn\u00e1 se o zdravotnick\u00fd prost\u0159edek. Nen\u00ed slibem l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dinku.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcn-sami-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgcn-sami-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard <strong>nen\u00ed zdravotnick\u00fd prost\u0159edek<\/strong> a nenahrazuje l\u00e9ka\u0159skou ani psychoterapeutickou l\u00e9\u010dbu. Religionistick\u00fd obsah p\u0159edstavuje kulturn\u011b-historick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed, nikoli doporu\u010den\u00ed duchovn\u00ed praxe.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":20189,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"anglick\u00fd folklor","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Anglick\u00fd folklor: dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchov\u00e9, bludi\u010dky, psi","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Hob, Boggart a Black Shuck: anglick\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 tradice dom\u00e1c\u00edch duch\u016f, bludi\u010dek a vodn\u00edch duch\u016f z pohledu 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