{"id":146350,"date":"2026-09-03T16:46:15","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:46:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=146350"},"modified":"2026-09-03T17:21:03","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T17:21:03","slug":"krampus","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/krampus\/","title":{"rendered":"Krampus"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"146350\" class=\"elementor elementor-146350 elementor-20474\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Krampus, rohat\u00fd pr\u016fvodce svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Krampus je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00ed bytost, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159isuzuje \u0161kodliv\u00e9 nebo rozporupln\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9mon<\/span> alpsk\u00e9 tradice.<\/p><p><strong>Rohat\u00fd zimn\u00ed d\u00e9mon s metlou, \u0159et\u011bzem a n\u016f\u0161\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"D\u00e9mon \/ d\u00e9monka: Nadp\u0159irozen\u00e1 bytost s v\u011bt\u0161inou \u0161kodliv\u00fdm nebo ambivalentn\u00edm p\u016fsoben\u00edm. Stoj\u00ed mezi bohy a lidmi, zp\u016fsobuje nemoc, poku\u0161en\u00ed nebo ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a odvrac\u00ed se pomoc\u00ed zakl\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed, apotropaik a ritu\u00e1l\u016f.\">D\u00e9mon<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146388\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Pov\u011bsti alpsk\u00e9 oblasti: Bavorsko, Rakousko, \u0160v\u00fdcarsko a Ji\u017en\u00ed Tyrolsko, od duch\u016f horsk\u00fdch pastvin a\u017e po bytosti Rauhn\u00e4chte.\">Alpsk\u00e1 oblast<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_krampus-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-146425\" alt=\"Krampus \u2013 d\u00e9moni z alpsk\u00e9 tradice, historicko-ilustrativn\u00ed zobrazen\u00ed\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_krampus-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_krampus-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_krampus-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_krampus.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Krampus<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Krampus je temn\u00e1 pr\u016fvodn\u00ed postava svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e ve v\u00fdchodoalpsk\u00e9 oblasti: rohat\u00fd, srst\u00ed porostl\u00fd, vybaven\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzem a metlou, zat\u00edmco Mikul\u00e1\u0161 odm\u011b\u0148uje hodn\u00e9 d\u011bti. Obrazov\u011b je tato postava dolo\u017eena od roku 1582 z Die\u00dfenu na Ammersee, jako samostatn\u00e1 postava na pohlednic\u00edch a\u017e od poloviny 19. stolet\u00ed.<\/p><p>P\u0159i krampus\u00edch pr\u016fvodech od Salcburku po Korutany vystupuje dodnes jako hlu\u010dn\u00e1, d\u011bsiv\u00e1 d\u00e9monick\u00e1 postava zimn\u00edho obdob\u00ed, s vy\u0159ez\u00e1vanou d\u0159ev\u011bnou maskou, rachot\u00edc\u00edm \u0159et\u011bzem a metlou z b\u0159ezov\u00e9ho prout\u00ed. Noc 5. prosince, p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed sv\u00e1tku svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jeho pevn\u00fdm term\u00ednem vystoupen\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Krampus na prvn\u00ed pohled<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Zimn\u00ed d\u00e9mon a pr\u016fvodn\u00ed postava svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e<br>P\u016fvod: v\u00fdchodoalpsk\u00e1 oblast, obrazov\u011b dolo\u017eeno od roku 1582 v Die\u00dfenu na Ammersee<br>Texty: c\u00edrkevn\u00ed z\u00e1kazov\u00e9 akty od 17. stolet\u00ed, krampus\u00ed pohlednice od zhruba roku 1850<br>Obdob\u00ed: jako postava na pohlednic\u00edch od poloviny 19. stolet\u00ed, zvyk \u017eiv\u00fd a\u017e dodnes<br>Vzhled: rohat\u00e1, srst\u00ed porostl\u00e1 postava s d\u0159ev\u011bnou maskou, \u0159et\u011bzem, metlou a n\u016f\u0161\u00ed<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Historick\u00e9 pozad\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Obrazov\u011b dolo\u017eeno od roku 1582 v Die\u00dfenu na Ammersee, jako samostatn\u00e1 postava na pohlednic\u00edch a\u017e od poloviny 19. stolet\u00ed. C\u00edrkevn\u00ed z\u00e1kazov\u00e9 akty sahaj\u00ed a\u017e do 17. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Salcburk, Tyrolsko, Korutany, \u0160t\u00fdrsko, Bavorsko a Ji\u017en\u00ed Tyrolsko: Krampus je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en v cel\u00e9 v\u00fdchodoalpsk\u00e9 oblasti a jej\u00edch bavorsk\u00fdch sousedn\u00edch regionech.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dob\u0159e dolo\u017een c\u00edrkevn\u00edmi z\u00e1kazy od 17. stolet\u00ed, krampusov\u00fdmi pohlednicemi od zhruba roku 1850 a n\u00e1rodopisn\u00fdmi popisy krampusov\u00fdch a perchtenov\u00fdch pr\u016fvod\u016f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no a varianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Bavorsko-rakousk\u00fd p\u016fvod:<\/strong> Jm\u00e9no se obvykle odvozuje od slova Krampen, kter\u00e9 ozna\u010duje vyschl\u00e9 nebo dr\u00e1povit\u00e9, p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 se st\u0159edodolnon\u011bmeck\u00fdm krampe, h\u00e1k. P\u0159esn\u00fd p\u016fvod slova nen\u00ed zcela jist\u00fd.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vzhled a symbolika<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Vzhled<\/strong><\/p><p>Rohat\u00fd, s dlouh\u00fdm jazykem a pokryt\u00fd srst\u00ed, maska je tradi\u010dn\u011b vy\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1na z limbov\u00e9ho nebo lipov\u00e9ho d\u0159eva; ka\u017ed\u00e1 skupina m\u00e1 sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed styl masek. Charakteristick\u00e9 jsou rachot\u00edc\u00ed \u0159et\u011bz, metla z b\u0159ezov\u00e9ho prout\u00ed a n\u016f\u0161e na z\u00e1dech.<\/p><p><strong>P\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Kombinace hluku, srsti a \u0159et\u011bzu z n\u011bj d\u011bl\u00e1 bytost, kter\u00e1 je z\u00e1rove\u0148 zkrocen\u00e1 i hroziv\u00e1: zimn\u00ed d\u00e9mon ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e, kter\u00fd si viditeln\u011b zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 svou p\u016fvodn\u00ed hrozivost. Na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech je\u0161t\u011b zesiluje hluk jeho vystoupen\u00ed postroj s rolni\u010dkami.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Krampus<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aspekty t\u00e9to metlonosn\u00e9 postavy na prvn\u00ed pohled.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tradice<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zimn\u00ed pr\u016fvodn\u00ed postava svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e ve v\u00fdchodoalpsk\u00e9 oblasti, od protireformace zaveden\u00e1 jako pevn\u00e1 dvojice odm\u011bny a trestu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vztahuje se na<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nevychovan\u00e9 d\u011bti jsou deklarovan\u00fdm c\u00edlem t\u00e9to hrozby, p\u0159i pr\u016fvodu nav\u00edc cel\u00e9 shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 publikum krampus\u00edch pr\u016fvod\u016f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zobrazen\u00ed<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vy\u0159ez\u00e1van\u00e1 d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e1 maska, ko\u017ee\u0161ina, \u0159et\u011bz, metla z b\u0159ezov\u00e9ho prout\u00ed a n\u016f\u0161e na z\u00e1dech; tvar roh\u016f a d\u00e9lka jazyka se li\u0161\u00ed od skupiny ke skupin\u011b.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkce<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trestaj\u00edc\u00ed prot\u011bj\u0161ek k odm\u011b\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edmu svat\u00e9mu Mikul\u00e1\u0161i, se star\u0161\u00ed \u00falohou potuln\u00e9ho zimn\u00edho ducha, ob\u00e1van\u00e9ho b\u011bhem Rauhn\u00e4chte.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Formy ochrany<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vyku\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed kadidlem, hluk zvonk\u016f a \u0159et\u011bz\u016f, c\u00edrkevn\u00ed \u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed kmene (Blochsegen) a sv\u011bcen\u00e1 voda kolem sv\u00e1tku svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Srovnateln\u00e9 bytosti<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Japonsk\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/oni\/\">Oni<\/a> jako vzd\u00e1len\u00fd srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad ritu\u00e1ln\u00edho vyh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed d\u00e9mon\u016f, d\u00e1le region\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed jako Klaubauf a Buttnmandl.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15d411e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"15d411e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdklad: hr\u016fza s funkc\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Religionistika vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 krampuse jako uspo\u0159\u00e1danou stra\u0161idelnou postavu. Zvyk p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed strach kontrolovan\u011b, v\u00e1\u017ee ho na pravidla a nakonec ho rozpou\u0161t\u00ed. D\u00edt\u011b za\u017eije hrozbu, ale i to, \u017ee p\u0159ejde a \u017ee posledn\u00ed slovo m\u00e1 sv\u011btec.<\/p><p>K tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 apotropaick\u00fd v\u00fdklad, tedy pojet\u00ed hluku a masky jako prost\u0159edku proti ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Zvonce, k\u0159ik a stra\u0161ideln\u00e1 tv\u00e1\u0159 maj\u00ed podle tohoto v\u00fdkladu dr\u017eet temnou str\u00e1nku zimn\u00edho obdob\u00ed v odstupu. Tento v\u00fdklad je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd, jako historick\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed zvyku ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hypot\u00e9zou.<\/p><p>Pozoruhodn\u00e1 je dvoj\u00ed role postavy: krampus zt\u011bles\u0148uje hrozbu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ji za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1. Kdo nos\u00ed masku, \u010din\u00ed hr\u016fzu zvladatelnou. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato logika spojuje alpsk\u00fd zvyk s ochrann\u00fdmi praktikami mnoha kultur, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159, aby ho m\u011bly pod kontrolou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48c3e6f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"48c3e6f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdklad: hr\u016fza s funkc\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Religionistika vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 krampuse jako uspo\u0159\u00e1danou stra\u0161idelnou postavu. Zvyk p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed strach kontrolovan\u011b, v\u00e1\u017ee ho na pravidla a nakonec ho rozpou\u0161t\u00ed. D\u00edt\u011b za\u017eije hrozbu, ale i to, \u017ee p\u0159ejde a \u017ee posledn\u00ed slovo m\u00e1 sv\u011btec.<\/p><p>K tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 apotropaick\u00fd v\u00fdklad, tedy pojet\u00ed hluku a masky jako prost\u0159edku proti ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Zvonce, k\u0159ik a stra\u0161ideln\u00e1 tv\u00e1\u0159 maj\u00ed podle tohoto v\u00fdkladu dr\u017eet temnou str\u00e1nku zimn\u00edho obdob\u00ed v odstupu. Tento v\u00fdklad je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd, jako historick\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed zvyku ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hypot\u00e9zou.<\/p><p>Pozoruhodn\u00e1 je dvoj\u00ed role postavy: krampus zt\u011bles\u0148uje hrozbu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ji za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1. Kdo nos\u00ed masku, \u010din\u00ed hr\u016fzu zvladatelnou. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato logika spojuje alpsk\u00fd zvyk s ochrann\u00fdmi praktikami mnoha kultur, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159, aby ho m\u011bly pod kontrolou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e12e3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e12e3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdklad: hr\u016fza s funkc\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Religionistika vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 krampuse jako uspo\u0159\u00e1danou stra\u0161idelnou postavu. Zvyk p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed strach kontrolovan\u011b, v\u00e1\u017ee ho na pravidla a nakonec ho rozpou\u0161t\u00ed. D\u00edt\u011b za\u017eije hrozbu, ale i to, \u017ee p\u0159ejde a \u017ee posledn\u00ed slovo m\u00e1 sv\u011btec.<\/p><p>K tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 apotropaick\u00fd v\u00fdklad, tedy pojet\u00ed hluku a masky jako prost\u0159edku proti ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Zvonce, k\u0159ik a stra\u0161ideln\u00e1 tv\u00e1\u0159 maj\u00ed podle tohoto v\u00fdkladu dr\u017eet temnou str\u00e1nku zimn\u00edho obdob\u00ed v odstupu. Tento v\u00fdklad je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd, jako historick\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed zvyku ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hypot\u00e9zou.<\/p><p>Pozoruhodn\u00e1 je dvoj\u00ed role postavy: krampus zt\u011bles\u0148uje hrozbu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ji za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1. Kdo nos\u00ed masku, \u010din\u00ed hr\u016fzu zvladatelnou. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato logika spojuje alpsk\u00fd zvyk s ochrann\u00fdmi praktikami mnoha kultur, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159, aby ho m\u011bly pod kontrolou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-963f3bd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"963f3bd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdklad: hr\u016fza s funkc\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Religionistika vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 krampuse jako uspo\u0159\u00e1danou stra\u0161idelnou postavu. Zvyk p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed strach kontrolovan\u011b, v\u00e1\u017ee ho na pravidla a nakonec ho rozpou\u0161t\u00ed. D\u00edt\u011b za\u017eije hrozbu, ale i to, \u017ee p\u0159ejde a \u017ee posledn\u00ed slovo m\u00e1 sv\u011btec.<\/p><p>K tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 apotropaick\u00fd v\u00fdklad, tedy pojet\u00ed hluku a masky jako prost\u0159edku proti ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Zvonce, k\u0159ik a stra\u0161ideln\u00e1 tv\u00e1\u0159 maj\u00ed podle tohoto v\u00fdkladu dr\u017eet temnou str\u00e1nku zimn\u00edho obdob\u00ed v odstupu. Tento v\u00fdklad je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd, jako historick\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed zvyku ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hypot\u00e9zou.<\/p><p>Pozoruhodn\u00e1 je dvoj\u00ed role postavy: krampus zt\u011bles\u0148uje hrozbu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ji za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1. Kdo nos\u00ed masku, \u010din\u00ed hr\u016fzu zvladatelnou. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato logika spojuje alpsk\u00fd zvyk s ochrann\u00fdmi praktikami mnoha kultur, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159, aby ho m\u011bly pod kontrolou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28db130 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"28db130\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdklad: hr\u016fza s funkc\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Religionistika vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 krampuse jako uspo\u0159\u00e1danou stra\u0161idelnou postavu. Zvyk p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed strach kontrolovan\u011b, v\u00e1\u017ee ho na pravidla a nakonec ho rozpou\u0161t\u00ed. D\u00edt\u011b za\u017eije hrozbu, ale i to, \u017ee p\u0159ejde a \u017ee posledn\u00ed slovo m\u00e1 sv\u011btec.<\/p><p>K tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 apotropaick\u00fd v\u00fdklad, tedy pojet\u00ed hluku a masky jako prost\u0159edku proti ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Zvonce, k\u0159ik a stra\u0161ideln\u00e1 tv\u00e1\u0159 maj\u00ed podle tohoto v\u00fdkladu dr\u017eet temnou str\u00e1nku zimn\u00edho obdob\u00ed v odstupu. Tento v\u00fdklad je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd, jako historick\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed zvyku ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hypot\u00e9zou.<\/p><p>Pozoruhodn\u00e1 je dvoj\u00ed role postavy: krampus zt\u011bles\u0148uje hrozbu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ji za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1. Kdo nos\u00ed masku, \u010din\u00ed hr\u016fzu zvladatelnou. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato logika spojuje alpsk\u00fd zvyk s ochrann\u00fdmi praktikami mnoha kultur, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159, aby ho m\u011bly pod kontrolou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a49137d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a49137d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdklad: hr\u016fza s funkc\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Religionistika vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 krampuse jako uspo\u0159\u00e1danou stra\u0161idelnou postavu. Zvyk p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed strach kontrolovan\u011b, v\u00e1\u017ee ho na pravidla a nakonec ho rozpou\u0161t\u00ed. D\u00edt\u011b za\u017eije hrozbu, ale i to, \u017ee p\u0159ejde a \u017ee posledn\u00ed slovo m\u00e1 sv\u011btec.<\/p><p>K tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 apotropaick\u00fd v\u00fdklad, tedy pojet\u00ed hluku a masky jako prost\u0159edku proti ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Zvonce, k\u0159ik a stra\u0161ideln\u00e1 tv\u00e1\u0159 maj\u00ed podle tohoto v\u00fdkladu dr\u017eet temnou str\u00e1nku zimn\u00edho obdob\u00ed v odstupu. Tento v\u00fdklad je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd, jako historick\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed zvyku ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hypot\u00e9zou.<\/p><p>Pozoruhodn\u00e1 je dvoj\u00ed role postavy: krampus zt\u011bles\u0148uje hrozbu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ji za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1. Kdo nos\u00ed masku, \u010din\u00ed hr\u016fzu zvladatelnou. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato logika spojuje alpsk\u00fd zvyk s ochrann\u00fdmi praktikami mnoha kultur, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159, aby ho m\u011bly pod kontrolou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Od honu na Perchty ke krampusov\u00fdm pohlednic\u00edm<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejstar\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fd doklad o pr\u016fvodu tohoto druhu poch\u00e1z\u00ed z roku 1582 z Die\u00dfen am Ammersee, kde byli \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci honu na Perchty odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1ni za vyh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed zl\u00fdch zimn\u00edch duch\u016f. Spojen\u00ed Mikul\u00e1\u0161e a Krampuse jako protikladn\u00e9 dvojice odm\u011bny a trestu se upevnilo v dob\u011b protireformace, kdy se katolick\u00e1 c\u00edrkev sna\u017eila pos\u00edlit mikul\u00e1\u0161sk\u00fd kult. V 17. a 18. stolet\u00ed byly perchtenov\u00e9 a krampusov\u00e9 pr\u016fvody v Bavorsku, Salcburku a Tyrolsku opakovan\u011b zakazov\u00e1ny jako v\u00fdtr\u017enosti odporuj\u00edc\u00ed policejn\u00edm a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm p\u0159edpis\u016fm, proto\u017ee p\u0159er\u016fstaly v pij\u00e1ck\u00e9 v\u00fdst\u0159ednosti.<\/p><p>Od poloviny 19. stolet\u00ed vznikaly takzvan\u00e9 krampusovy pohlednice, jimi\u017e si lid\u00e9 \u017eertem p\u0159\u00e1li navz\u00e1jem v\u00fdprask od Krampuse. Region\u00e1ln\u011b vystupuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 postavy pod jin\u00fdmi jm\u00e9ny, nap\u0159\u00edklad Klaubauf nebo Buttnmandl; ve 20. a 21. stolet\u00ed se Krampus roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il za hranice alpsk\u00e9 oblasti a stal se i mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Od motivu na pohlednici k sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu zimn\u00edmu zvyku<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Krampusovy pohlednice z konce 19. stolet\u00ed p\u0159inesly postavu Krampuse brzy i do soukrom\u00e9 korespondence. Ve 21. stolet\u00ed se krampusovy pr\u016fvody rozrostly do turisticky velmi sledovan\u00e9ho zimn\u00edho zvyku, s n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdmi, mnohdy n\u011bkolik kilogram\u016f t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdmi kost\u00fdmy a umn\u011b vy\u0159ez\u00e1van\u00fdmi maskami. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b se postava stala zn\u00e1mou mimo jin\u00e9 d\u00edky americk\u00e9mu hran\u00e9mu filmu Krampus (2015), kter\u00fd ji siln\u011b zkresluje jako \u010dist\u011b hororov\u00e9ho d\u00e9mona; v samotn\u00e9m Rakousku z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 naopak p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm lok\u00e1ln\u011b zakotven\u00fdm spolkov\u00fdm zvykem.<\/p><p>Krampus zt\u011bles\u0148uje princip kontrastn\u00ed postavy: teprve v protikladu k odm\u011b\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edmu Mikul\u00e1\u0161i rozv\u00edj\u00ed hroziv\u00e1 postava sv\u016fj pln\u00fd v\u00fdchovn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek. Z religionistick\u00e9ho hlediska lze zvyk ch\u00e1pat jako zimn\u00ed vypuzovac\u00ed ritu\u00e1l, kter\u00fd spojil star\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy o putuj\u00edc\u00edch zimn\u00edch du\u0161\u00edch s legendou o biskupu z Myry. Ran\u011b novov\u011bk\u00e9 z\u00e1kazy z\u00e1rove\u0148 ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee vrchnost se v pr\u016fvodu ob\u00e1vala p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti k rozja\u0159en\u00ed a p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed hranic, rys, kter\u00fd p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 v dne\u0161n\u00edm soub\u011bhu strachu a lidov\u00e9 slavnosti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f6cae2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9f6cae2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdklad: hr\u016fza s funkc\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Religionistika vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 krampuse jako uspo\u0159\u00e1danou stra\u0161idelnou postavu. Zvyk p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed strach kontrolovan\u011b, v\u00e1\u017ee ho na pravidla a nakonec ho rozpou\u0161t\u00ed. D\u00edt\u011b za\u017eije hrozbu, ale i to, \u017ee p\u0159ejde a \u017ee posledn\u00ed slovo m\u00e1 sv\u011btec.<\/p><p>K tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 apotropaick\u00fd v\u00fdklad, tedy pojet\u00ed hluku a masky jako prost\u0159edku proti ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Zvonce, k\u0159ik a stra\u0161ideln\u00e1 tv\u00e1\u0159 maj\u00ed podle tohoto v\u00fdkladu dr\u017eet temnou str\u00e1nku zimn\u00edho obdob\u00ed v odstupu. Tento v\u00fdklad je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd, jako historick\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed zvyku ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hypot\u00e9zou.<\/p><p>Pozoruhodn\u00e1 je dvoj\u00ed role postavy: krampus zt\u011bles\u0148uje hrozbu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ji za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1. Kdo nos\u00ed masku, \u010din\u00ed hr\u016fzu zvladatelnou. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato logika spojuje alpsk\u00fd zvyk s ochrann\u00fdmi praktikami mnoha kultur, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159, aby ho m\u011bly pod kontrolou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9a031aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9a031aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9193514 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9193514\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrana v Rauhn\u00e4chte a Blochsegen<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02ca0ee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02ca0ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp444e0f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp444e0f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Krampus je v tradici ch\u00e1p\u00e1n m\u00e9n\u011b jako protivn\u00edk, kter\u00e9ho je t\u0159eba odvracet, sp\u00ed\u0161e jako p\u0159izvan\u00e1, by\u0165 ob\u00e1van\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st doby Rauhn\u00e4chte. Ochrana platila v prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b cel\u00e9mu domu: sv\u011btnice a st\u00e1je se vyku\u0159ovaly kadidlem, aby se udr\u017eeli na d\u00e1lku potuln\u00ed zimn\u00ed duchov\u00e9, a zvon\u011bn\u00ed i pr\u00e1sk\u00e1n\u00ed bi\u010dem slou\u017eilo obecn\u00e9mu zah\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. C\u00edrkevn\u00ed Blochsegen a kropen\u00ed sv\u011bcenou vodou kolem sv\u00e1tku svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e tuto ochranu dopl\u0148ovaly. D\u011btem se radilo p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k dobr\u00e9mu chov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho roku, proto\u017ee prut podle pov\u011bsti postihoval pr\u00e1v\u011b toho, kdo se cel\u00fd rok choval \u0161patn\u011b.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4af3fd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f4af3fd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdklad: hr\u016fza s funkc\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element- elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Religionistika vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 krampuse jako uspo\u0159\u00e1danou stra\u0161idelnou postavu. Zvyk p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed strach kontrolovan\u011b, v\u00e1\u017ee ho na pravidla a nakonec ho rozpou\u0161t\u00ed. D\u00edt\u011b za\u017eije hrozbu, ale i to, \u017ee p\u0159ejde a \u017ee posledn\u00ed slovo m\u00e1 sv\u011btec.<\/p><p>K tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 apotropaick\u00fd v\u00fdklad, tedy pojet\u00ed hluku a masky jako prost\u0159edku proti ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Zvonce, k\u0159ik a stra\u0161ideln\u00e1 tv\u00e1\u0159 maj\u00ed podle tohoto v\u00fdkladu dr\u017eet temnou str\u00e1nku zimn\u00edho obdob\u00ed v odstupu. Tento v\u00fdklad je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd, jako historick\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed zvyku ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 hypot\u00e9zou.<\/p><p>Pozoruhodn\u00e1 je dvoj\u00ed role postavy: krampus zt\u011bles\u0148uje hrozbu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ji za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1. Kdo nos\u00ed masku, \u010din\u00ed hr\u016fzu zvladatelnou. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato logika spojuje alpsk\u00fd zvyk s ochrann\u00fdmi praktikami mnoha kultur, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159, aby ho m\u011bly pod kontrolou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp11de5b2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp11de5b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8d35271 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp8d35271\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vyh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed d\u00e9mon\u016f ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed kultur<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02f26b8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02f26b8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp58c4390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp58c4390\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>P\u0159\u00edm\u00fd prot\u011bj\u0161ek Krampuse mimo alpsk\u00fd prostor nen\u00ed dolo\u017een, av\u0161ak existuje p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vzorec ritu\u00e1ln\u00edho vyh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed d\u00e9mon\u016f. Na japonsk\u00e9m sv\u00e1tku Setsubun se na po\u010d\u00e1tku jara vrhaj\u00ed pra\u017een\u00e9 s\u00f3jov\u00e9 boby, aby zahnaly rohat\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/oni\/\">Oni<\/a>, rovn\u011b\u017e strach vzbuzuj\u00edc\u00ed postavy, jejich\u017e ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed objeven\u00ed m\u00e1 obnovit \u0159\u00e1d. Na rozd\u00edl od Krampuse vystupuje Oni pouze jako protivn\u00edk, nikoli jako zkrocen\u00fd pr\u016fvodce dobrotiv\u00e9 postavy. Uvnit\u0159 alpsk\u00e9ho prostoru jsou mu bl\u00edzc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/divoky-muz\/\">Div\u00fd mu\u017e<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/rubezahl\/\">Krakono\u0161<\/a> jako podobn\u00e9 stra\u0161ideln\u00e9 a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed bytosti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp406577c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp406577c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdd9c543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpdd9c543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o Krampusovi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9e731bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp9e731bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa7c898c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa7c898c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Je Krampus \u010dert, nebo p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed duch?<\/strong><\/p><p>Ve v\u00fdzkumu se setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed ob\u011b interpretace. \u0158et\u011bz, se kter\u00fdm vystupuje, odkazuje na star\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavu zkrocen\u00e9ho, p\u016fvodn\u011b divo\u010dej\u0161\u00edho zimn\u00edho ducha, zat\u00edmco rohy a c\u00edrkevn\u00ed za\u0159azen\u00ed ho od protireformace v\u00edce p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eily k \u010dertu. V r\u00e1mci zvyku nen\u00ed \u010dertem v c\u00edrkevn\u00edm smyslu: jedn\u00e1 z pov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e a z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 mu pod\u0159\u00edzen.<\/p><p><strong>Pro\u010d Krampus vystupuje spole\u010dn\u011b se svat\u00fdm Mikul\u00e1\u0161em?<\/strong><\/p><p>Toto spojen\u00ed vzniklo p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm proto, aby d\u011btem nab\u00eddlo jasnou dvojici odm\u011bny a trestu. Historicky je v\u0161ak Krampus dolo\u017een d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e toto pevn\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00ed a p\u016fvodn\u011b vystupoval i nez\u00e1visle na mikul\u00e1\u0161sk\u00fdch zvyc\u00edch.<\/p><p><strong>Je \u010dlov\u011bk p\u0159i Krampuslaufu skute\u010dn\u011b bit?<\/strong><\/p><p>Ano, bit\u00ed metlou pat\u0159\u00ed k \u017eiv\u00e9mu zvyku a mnoho p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eej\u00edc\u00edch ho vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u011bdom\u011b. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edci pr\u016fvodu se p\u0159itom obvykle \u0159\u00edd\u00ed pravidly chov\u00e1n\u00ed dan\u00e9 skupiny (Passe), tak\u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o dobrovoln\u00fd, by\u0165 pon\u011bkud drsn\u00fd ritu\u00e1l.<\/p><p><strong>Co Krampus d\u011bl\u00e1?<\/strong><\/p><p>Krampus doprov\u00e1z\u00ed svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e 5. a 6. prosince. Nezp\u016fsobn\u00fdm d\u011btem hroz\u00ed metlou a \u0159et\u011bzem, zat\u00edmco Mikul\u00e1\u0161 odm\u011b\u0148uje ty hodn\u00e9. P\u0159i Krampuslaufech proch\u00e1zej\u00ed ulicemi maskovan\u00e9 postavy v ko\u017ee\u0161in\u00e1ch s vy\u0159ez\u00e1van\u00fdmi d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdmi maskami. P\u0159i n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b dom\u016f z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jen u vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i pr\u016fvodu pat\u0159\u00ed na mnoha m\u00edstech k oby\u010deji i skute\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161lehnut\u00ed metlou.<\/p><p><strong>Kdy Krampus p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p><p>Krampusnacht p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 5. prosince, ve\u010der p\u0159ed sv\u00e1tkem svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e. Na mnoha m\u00edstech doprov\u00e1z\u00ed Krampus Mikul\u00e1\u0161e i 6. prosince p\u0159i n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b dom\u016f. Krampusl\u00e1ufy se konaj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou od konce listopadu do 6. prosince.<\/p><p><strong>Jak se Krampus jmenuje v N\u011bmecku?<\/strong><\/p><p>V Bavorsku je tato postava rovn\u011b\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Krampus, v oblasti Berchtesgadenu se vedle n\u011bj objevuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 Buttnmandln. Ve st\u0159edn\u00edm a severn\u00edm N\u011bmecku p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 roli doprovodu svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e Knecht Ruprecht, jako samostatn\u00e1 a m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed postava.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9850ef7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"9850ef7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Je Krampus \u010dert, nebo p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed duch?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Ve v\u00fdzkumu se setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed ob\u011b interpretace. \u0158et\u011bz, se kter\u00fdm vystupuje, odkazuje na star\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavu zkrocen\u00e9ho, p\u016fvodn\u011b divo\u010dej\u0161\u00edho zimn\u00edho ducha, zat\u00edmco rohy a c\u00edrkevn\u00ed za\u0159azen\u00ed ho od protireformace v\u00edce p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eily k \u010dertu. 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Nezp\u016fsobn\u00fdm d\u011btem hroz\u00ed metlou a \u0159et\u011bzem, zat\u00edmco Mikul\u00e1\u0161 odm\u011b\u0148uje ty hodn\u00e9. P\u0159i Krampuslaufech proch\u00e1zej\u00ed ulicemi maskovan\u00e9 postavy v ko\u017ee\u0161in\u00e1ch s vy\u0159ez\u00e1van\u00fdmi d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdmi maskami. P\u0159i n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b dom\u016f z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jen u vyhro\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i pr\u016fvodu pat\u0159\u00ed na mnoha m\u00edstech k oby\u010deji i skute\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161lehnut\u00ed metlou.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Kdy Krampus p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Krampusnacht p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 5. prosince, ve\u010der p\u0159ed sv\u00e1tkem svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e. Na mnoha m\u00edstech doprov\u00e1z\u00ed Krampus Mikul\u00e1\u0161e i 6. prosince p\u0159i n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b dom\u016f. Krampusl\u00e1ufy se konaj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou od konce listopadu do 6. prosince.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Jak se Krampus jmenuje v N\u011bmecku?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"V Bavorsku je tato postava rovn\u011b\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Krampus, v oblasti Berchtesgadenu se vedle n\u011bj objevuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 Buttnmandln. Ve st\u0159edn\u00edm a severn\u00edm N\u011bmecku p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 roli doprovodu svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e Knecht Ruprecht, jako samostatn\u00e1 a m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed postava.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Doporu\u010den\u00e9 intern\u00ed odkazy:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146388\">Alpsk\u00fd prostor<\/a> \u2013 v\u0161echny bytosti alpsk\u00e9ho pov\u011bstn\u00edho sv\u011bta<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146351\">Pan\u00ed Perchta<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146352\">Habergei\u00df<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=146360\">Nachtkrapp<\/a> \u2013 dal\u0161\u00ed postavy Rauhn\u00e4chte<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/kourenie-a-cisteni\/\">Vyku\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/zvony-rolnicky-hlucna-ochrana\/\">Zvony<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/svecena-voda\/\">Sv\u011bcen\u00e1 voda<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ochrana-domu-a-ritual-prahu\/\">Ochrana domu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ochranny-ohen-a-prahove-svetlo\/\">Ochrann\u00fd ohe\u0148<\/a> \u2013 tradi\u010dn\u00ed formy ochrany<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/kompas-ochrany\/\">Kompas ochrany<\/a> \u2013 p\u0159ehled ochrann\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f<\/li><\/ul><p>Kdo chce sledovat logiku zakl\u00ednan\u00e9ho d\u011bsu d\u00e1le, najde v lexikonu sousedy Krampuse: <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/alp\/\">Alp<\/a> jako no\u010dn\u00edho t\u00edsniv\u00e9ho ducha n\u011bmeck\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 v\u00edry, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/tatzelwurm\/\">Tatzelwurm<\/a> jako stra\u0161idelnou bytost alpsk\u00e9ho prostoru a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/klabautermann\/\">Klabautermann<\/a> jako varuj\u00edc\u00edho ducha n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk\u016f. P\u0159ehled tradice nab\u00edz\u00ed str\u00e1nka o <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/germansky\/\">germ\u00e1nsk\u00e9 tradici<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (v\u00fdb\u011br)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>V\u00fdb\u011br kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch pramen\u016f a studi\u00ed:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>B\u00e4chtold-St\u00e4ubli, Hanns (Hg.): <em>Handw\u00f6rterbuch des deutschen Aberglaubens<\/em>. 10 Bde. Berlin\/Leipzig 1927\u20131942 (Neudruck Berlin\/New York 1987).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Waschnitius, Viktor: <em>Perht, Holda und verwandte Gestalten. Ein Beitrag zur deutschen Religionsgeschichte<\/em>. Wien 1913.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Zingerle, Ignaz Vinzenz: <em>Sitten, Br\u00e4uche und Meinungen des Tiroler Volkes<\/em>. 2. Auflage, Innsbruck 1871.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Bruce, Maurice: <em>The Krampus in Styria<\/em>. In: Folklore, Bd. 69, 1958.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Ridenour, Al: <em>The Krampus and the Old, Dark Christmas: Roots and Rebirth of the Folkloric Devil<\/em>. Port Townsend 2016.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dal\u0161\u00ed standardn\u00ed d\u00edla v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/literatura\/\">seznamu literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Postava zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Krampus, alpsk\u00e1 bytost s metlou, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fazce spojena s noc\u00ed 5. prosince a v dne\u0161n\u00edm zvyku Krampuslaufu \u017eije jej\u00ed zimn\u00ed hra strachu a lidov\u00e9 slavnosti d\u00e1l a\u017e do sou\u010dasnosti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":20516,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"krampus","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Krampus: p\u016fvod, v\u00fdznam a tradice","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kdo je Krampus? P\u016fvod jm\u00e9na, Krampusova noc 5. prosince, rozd\u00edl mezi Perchtami a Knechtem Ruprechtem a velk\u00e9 krampus\u00ed pr\u016fvody.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"alpin","wesen_klasse":"daemonen","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-146350","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Krampus: p\u016fvod, v\u00fdznam a tradice<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kdo je Krampus? P\u016fvod jm\u00e9na, Krampusova noc 5. prosince, rozd\u00edl mezi Perchtami a Knechtem Ruprechtem a velk\u00e9 krampus\u00ed pr\u016fvody.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/krampus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Krampus\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kdo je Krampus? P\u016fvod jm\u00e9na, Krampusova noc 5. prosince, rozd\u00edl mezi Perchtami a Knechtem Ruprechtem a velk\u00e9 krampus\u00ed pr\u016fvody.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/krampus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-03T17:21:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_krampus.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/krampus\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/krampus\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Krampus\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-03T16:46:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-03T17:21:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/krampus\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/krampus\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/daemonen_alpin_krampus.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"description\":\"Kdo je Krampus? 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