{"id":145624,"date":"2026-09-03T16:32:11","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:32:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145624"},"modified":"2026-09-03T17:01:16","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T17:01:16","slug":"ksitigarbha","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/","title":{"rendered":"Ksitigarbha"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145624\" class=\"elementor elementor-145624 elementor-3038 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e868ac8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e868ac8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe78d0d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fe78d0d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a4c167 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3a4c167\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e09f43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5e09f43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ksitigarbha, b\u00f3dhisattva pekel<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a54a838 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a54a838\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ksitigarbha (sanskrt \u201eL\u016fno zem\u011b\u201c) je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 postava b\u00f3dhisattvy v mah\u00e1j\u00e1nov\u00e9m a v\u00fdchodoasijsk\u00e9m buddhismu. Je zn\u00e1m sv\u00fdm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Slavnostn\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd slib u\u010din\u011bn\u00fd bo\u017estvu.\" tabindex=\"0\">slibem<\/span>, \u017ee nep\u0159ijme pln\u00e9 buddhovstv\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e budou vysvobozeny v\u0161echny bytosti z pekeln\u00fdch sf\u00e9r.<\/p><p>V \u010c\u00edn\u011b se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 Dizang, v Japonsku Jizo, v Koreji Jijang Bosal. Jeho zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed spojen\u00ed se zem\u0159el\u00fdmi, s cestou mezisv\u011bt\u00ed a s ochranou d\u011bt\u00ed z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed jednu z nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch postav b\u00f3dhisattvy ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a44f4a2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a44f4a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1765563 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"1765563\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"B\u016fh \/ bohyn\u011b: Personifikovan\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed moc v panteonu kultury s jasn\u00fdmi oblastmi p\u016fsobnosti \u2014 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed s\u00edly, osud, v\u00e1lka, plodnost. Uct\u00edvan\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kult\u016f, ob\u011bt\u00ed a chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch instituc\u00ed.\">B\u016fh<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/buddhismus\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Buddhistick\u00e1 tradice s b\u00f3dhisattvami, ochrann\u00fdmi bo\u017estvy, hladov\u00fdmi duchy a str\u00e1\u017eci pekel.\">Buddhismus<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3325e6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b3325e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90cd16e elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"90cd16e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__90cd16e\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__90cd16e\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__90cd16e\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0b2456 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f0b2456\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c4716c iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6c4716c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-147208\" alt=\"K\u0161itigarbha \u2013 bohov\u00e9 z buddhistick\u00e9 tradice, historicko-ilustrativn\u00ed\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0214908 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0214908\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0b1329 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d0b1329\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc79855 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dc79855\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sanskrtsk\u00e9 prameny a s\u00fatry<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f19d17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f19d17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pramenem je Ksitigarbha-b\u00f3dhisattva-purvapranidh\u00e1na-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatra<\/span>, zkr\u00e1cen\u011b Dizang-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatra<\/span>. Dochovala se pouze v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m p\u0159ekladu ze 7. stolet\u00ed, jej\u00ed indick\u00fd origin\u00e1l je ztracen nebo nikdy neexistoval.<\/p><p>Robert Buswell a Donald Lopez (\u00abPrinceton Dictionary of Buddhism\u00bb, Princeton 2014) hodnot\u00ed toto <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatra<\/span> jako skladbu vzniklou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii nebo v \u010c\u00edn\u011b, kter\u00e1 spojuje star\u0161\u00ed b\u00f3dhisattvovsk\u00e9 motivy do nov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">S\u00fatra<\/span> l\u00ed\u010d\u00ed n\u011bkolik d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch existenc\u00ed Ksitigarbhy, v nich\u017e jako \u017eena nebo jako br\u00e1hman opakovan\u011b skl\u00e1dal <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Slavnostn\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd slib u\u010din\u011bn\u00fd bo\u017estvu.\" tabindex=\"0\">slib<\/span> vysvobozen\u00ed pekel. \u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed ver\u0161 zn\u00ed zhruba takto: \u201eDokud nebudou pekla pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1, nechci se st\u00e1t buddhou, dokud nebudou vysvobozeny v\u0161echny bytosti, nechci vstoupit do nirv\u00e1ny.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Druh\u00fdm, m\u00e9n\u011b rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm d\u00edlem je Da\u0161akra-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatra<\/span> Ksitigarbhy. Pojedn\u00e1v\u00e1 o deseti kolech, kter\u00e1 b\u00f3dhisattva ot\u00e1\u010d\u00ed, aby zastavil mravn\u00ed \u00fapadek pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u011bk\u016f. Oba texty jsou <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed k z\u00e1vazn\u011b uzn\u00e1van\u00e9mu souboru text\u016f n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">kanonicky<\/span> zakotveny ve v\u00fdchodoasijsk\u00fdch sb\u00edrk\u00e1ch tripitaky.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe85b6b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fe85b6b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac0183d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ac0183d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkce v panteonu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d06f78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8d06f78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m mah\u00e1j\u00e1nu pat\u0159\u00ed Dizang mezi \u010dty\u0159i velk\u00e9 b\u00f3dhisattvy, vedle Avalokit\u00e9\u0161vary (Guanyin), Manju\u0161r\u00edho (Wenshu) a Samantabhadry (Puxian). Ka\u017ed\u00fd z t\u011bchto \u010dty\u0159 je p\u0159i\u0159azen ke svat\u00e9 ho\u0159e v \u010c\u00edn\u011b, Dizangovi hora Jiuhua Shan v provincii Anhui. Tato tradice \u010dty\u0159 hor je dolo\u017eena od 9. stolet\u00ed a dodnes strukturuje \u010d\u00ednskou buddhistickou poutn\u00ed krajinu.<\/p><p>Funk\u010dn\u011b se Ksitigarbha s Avalokit\u00e9\u0161varou d\u011bl\u00ed o roli b\u00f3dhisattvy soucitu, se specializac\u00ed na oblasti mimo lidsk\u00fd \u017eivot. Zat\u00edmco Avalokit\u00e9\u0161vara chr\u00e1n\u00ed bytosti v tomto sv\u011bt\u011b, Ksitigarbha p\u016fsob\u00ed v ostatn\u00edch p\u011bti ze \u0161esti sf\u00e9r existence, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v pekeln\u00fdch sf\u00e9r\u00e1ch (naraka) a mezi hladov\u00fdmi duchy (preta).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a88e1a2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a88e1a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2848bc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2848bc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ikonografie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5f7b92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d5f7b92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ksitigarbha je obvykle zobrazov\u00e1n jako mnich, co\u017e ho odli\u0161uje od v\u011bt\u0161iny ostatn\u00edch b\u00f3dhisattv\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed nos\u00ed kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 ozdoby. Nese khakkharu, mni\u0161skou h\u016fl se zvon\u00edc\u00edmi krou\u017eky, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 z\u00e1rove\u0148 otev\u00edrat pekeln\u00e9 br\u00e1ny a odh\u00e1n\u011bt hmyz, aby mnich neubl\u00ed\u017eil \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u017eiv\u00e9 bytosti.<\/p><p>V lev\u00e9 ruce dr\u017e\u00ed \u010dint\u00e1mani, klenot p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btlo do temn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. Jeho hlava je vyholen\u00e1 jako u pln\u011b vysv\u011bcen\u00e9ho mnicha. Japonsk\u00e1 ikonografie Jizo p\u0159ijala tuto z\u00e1kladn\u00ed strukturu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ji zjednodu\u0161ila, mal\u00e9 kamenn\u00e9 sochy u cest jsou charakteristickou lidovou formou odvozenou od kanonick\u00e9ho vzoru.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2620dd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a2620dd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb2e2e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb2e2e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jiuhua Shan a legenda o Kimovi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e17f5b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e17f5b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hora Jiuhua v provincii Anhui je od 8. stolet\u00ed hlavn\u00edm centrem uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed Dizanga. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pou\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, nej\u010dast\u011bji o \u017eivot\u011b svat\u00fdch.\" tabindex=\"0\">Legenda<\/span> spojuje hodu s korejsk\u00fdm princem jm\u00e9nem Kim Gyo-gak (\u010d\u00ednsky Jin Qiaojue), kter\u00fd kolem roku 720 p\u0159i\u0161el jako mnich do \u010c\u00edny a na ho\u0159e vedl asketick\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p><p>Zem\u0159\u00edt m\u011bl v 99 letech, jeho t\u011blo bylo po t\u0159ech letech nalezeno neporu\u0161en\u00e9, co\u017e bylo podle buddhistick\u00e9ho ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed znamen\u00edm jeho osv\u00edcen\u00ed. Byl uct\u00edv\u00e1n jako inkarnace Ksitigarbhy.<\/p><p>Historick\u00e1 osoba je pramenn\u011b jen t\u011b\u017eko uchopiteln\u00e1, archeologick\u00fd a liter\u00e1rn\u00ed materi\u00e1l v\u0161ak ukazuje na re\u00e1ln\u00e9 j\u00e1dro. Hans Steininger (\u201eBuddhistische Pilgerst\u00e4tten Chinas\u201c, Wiesbaden 1976) podrobn\u011b rekonstruoval vznik kultu na ho\u0159e Jiuhua Shan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a107da e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a107da\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-125645b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"125645b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jizo v Japonsku<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f38ebe1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f38ebe1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V Japonsku pro\u0161el Jizo vlastn\u00edm v\u00fdvojem, kter\u00fd ho posunul daleko za klasick\u00fd kanonick\u00fd r\u00e1mec k lidov\u00e9mu bo\u017estvu d\u011bt\u00ed, poutn\u00edk\u016f, t\u011bhotn\u00fdch \u017een a um\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edch.<\/p><p>Dnes zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed Mizuko-Jizo se vztahuje na \u201evodn\u00ed d\u011bti\u201c (mizuko), tedy d\u011bti zem\u0159el\u00e9 p\u0159i potratu, mrtv\u00e9m porodu nebo um\u011bl\u00e9m p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Je to modern\u00ed v\u00fdvoj 20. stolet\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na po roce 1948, kdy byl v Japonsku legalizov\u00e1n potrat.<\/p><p>William LaFleur uk\u00e1zal v knize \u201eLiquid Life. Abortion and Buddhism in Japan\u201c (Princeton 1992), \u017ee tato forma nem\u00e1 kanonick\u00fd ko\u0159en, ale je soudob\u00fdm komplexem truchlen\u00ed, komer\u010dn\u00edch chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch nab\u00eddek a buddhistick\u00e9 symboliky.<\/p><p>V kontrastu k tomu stoj\u00ed star\u00e9 sochy Jizo na k\u0159i\u017eovatk\u00e1ch cest, v horsk\u00fdch pr\u016fsmyc\u00edch a na h\u0159bitovech, kter\u00e9 jsou v Japonsku roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 od 12. stolet\u00ed a maj\u00ed chr\u00e1nit poutn\u00edky i zem\u0159el\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93f37fc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"93f37fc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cd22f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3cd22f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Deset pekeln\u00fdch kr\u00e1l\u016f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-442474d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"442474d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 tradici je Ksitigarbha \u00fazce spojen se syst\u00e9mem deseti pekeln\u00fdch kr\u00e1l\u016f (shidian yanjun). Ti p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed deset mezistup\u0148\u016f soudu, jimi\u017e du\u0161e po smrti proch\u00e1z\u00ed. Ksitigarbha s\u00e1m nen\u00ed soudcem, je instanc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v ka\u017ed\u00e9 z t\u011bchto oblast\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed soucit a pomoc.<\/p><p>\u201e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">S\u00fatra<\/span> deseti kr\u00e1l\u016f\u201c (Shiwang jing), <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stoj\u00edc\u00ed mimo uzn\u00e1van\u00fd k\u00e1non.\" tabindex=\"0\">apokryfn\u00ed<\/span> text z 9. stolet\u00ed, tuto konstelaci popisuje. Stephen Teiser ve sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci \u00abThe Scripture of the Ten Kings\u00bb (Honolulu 1994) sledoval v\u00fdvoj t\u00e9to p\u0159edstavov\u00e9 koncepce ze splynut\u00ed buddhistick\u00fdch, daoistick\u00fdch a konfuci\u00e1nsk\u00fdch prvk\u016f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5afb81 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e5afb81\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ae3159 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ae3159\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Liturgie a ritu\u00e1l<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abac0ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"abac0ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pevn\u011b stanoven\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed bohoslu\u017eby n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho spole\u010denstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">Liturgie<\/span> Ksitigarbhy zahrnuje recitaci Dizang-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatry<\/span>, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v obdob\u00ed po \u00famrt\u00ed. \u010cty\u0159icetisedmidenn\u00ed p\u0159echodn\u00e1 f\u00e1ze (\u010d\u00ednsky zhongyin), kterou m\u00e1 du\u0161e podle buddhistick\u00e9 nauky k dispozici a\u017e do znovuzrozen\u00ed, je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za f\u00e1zi, v n\u00ed\u017e Dizang p\u016fsob\u00ed nejbezprost\u0159edn\u011bji.<\/p><p>\u010clenov\u00e9 rodiny recituj\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatru<\/span>, ob\u011btuj\u00ed vonn\u00e9 ty\u010dinky a takto vznikl\u00e9 z\u00e1sluhy (punya) p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed na zesnul\u00e9ho. Dvan\u00e1ct v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00edch dn\u016f, kdy je Dizang zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b uct\u00edv\u00e1n, je stanoveno podle \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho lun\u00e1rn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e; jeho hlavn\u00ed sv\u00e1tek p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 30. den 7. lun\u00e1rn\u00edho m\u011bs\u00edce.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38727b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"38727b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3434ad5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3434ad5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">N\u00e1bo\u017eenskohistorick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65ca3ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65ca3ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Robert Buswell ve sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci \u00abThe Formation of Ch&#8217;an Ideology in China and Korea\u00bb (Princeton 1989) uk\u00e1zal, jak se <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factypln\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f v\u016f\u010di bo\u017estvu nebo svat\u00e9 postav\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> Ksitigarbhy stal prost\u0159edn\u00edkem mezi buddhistickou doktr\u00ednou a \u010d\u00ednskou uctou p\u0159edk\u016f. Buddhismus se v \u010c\u00edn\u011b mohl trvale prosadit jen proto, \u017ee nab\u00edzel odpov\u011bdi na ot\u00e1zku osudu zem\u0159el\u00fdch.<\/p><p>Dizang spojuje buddhistickou nauku o karm\u011b a znovuzrozen\u00ed s \u010d\u00ednskou pot\u0159ebou ochrany a p\u0159\u00edmluvy za p\u0159edky. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v t\u00e9to zprost\u0159edkuj\u00edc\u00ed funkci spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 jeden z hlavn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f jeho mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 obl\u00edbenosti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c335c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7c335c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd98313 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dd98313\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prameny a dal\u0161\u00ed literatura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae558d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ae558d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed prameny: Ksitigarbha-bodhisattva-purvapranidhana-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatra<\/span> (Dizang-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatra<\/span>); Dasakra-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatra<\/span> Ksitigarbhy; <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">S\u00fatra<\/span> deseti kr\u00e1l\u016f (Shiwang jing).<\/p>\n<p>Sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed literatura: Stephen Teiser, \u00abThe Scripture of the Ten Kings\u00bb, Honolulu 1994; William LaFleur, \u00abLiquid Life.<\/p><p>Abortion and Buddhism in Japan\u00bb, Princeton 1992; Robert Buswell, \u00abThe Formation of Ch&#8217;an Ideology in China and Korea\u00bb, Princeton 1989; Hans Steininger, \u00abBuddhistische Pilgerst\u00e4tten Chinas\u00bb, Wiesbaden 1976; Robert Buswell und Donald Lopez, \u00abPrinceton Dictionary of Buddhism\u00bb, Princeton 2014; Klaus-Josef Notz, \u00abBuddhismus\u00bb, Stuttgart 2002.<\/p><\/div><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd3d36b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bd3d36b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13f3cf2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13f3cf2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jiuhua Shan jako poutn\u00ed centrum<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dcb5fa1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dcb5fa1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jiuhua Shan v provincii Anhui se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z dev\u00edti bl\u00edzko sebe le\u017e\u00edc\u00edch vrchol\u016f, jejich\u017e tvar m\u011bl p\u0159ipom\u00ednat lotos.<\/p><p>Na ho\u0159e je dnes rozm\u00edst\u011bno p\u0159es sedmdes\u00e1t aktivn\u00edch kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m\u016f<\/span>, nejstar\u0161\u00ed z nich sahaj\u00ed do 8. stolet\u00ed. Hlavn\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161ter Huacheng Si byl zalo\u017een v roce 401 jako \u010dist\u011b <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eenskofilozofick\u00e1 tradice orientovan\u00e1 na Tao, cestu.\" tabindex=\"0\">daoistick\u00e1<\/span> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Svat\u00e9 m\u00edsto zasv\u011bcen\u00e9 uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bo\u017estva.\" tabindex=\"0\">svatyn\u011b<\/span> a kolem roku 781 byl p\u0159em\u011bn\u011bn na buddhistick\u00fd kl\u00e1\u0161ter.<\/p><p>Ro\u010dn\u00ed poutn\u00ed sez\u00f3na dosahuje sv\u00e9ho vrcholu v sedm\u00e9m lun\u00e1rn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci (odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm Sv\u00e1tku duch\u016f), kdy horu nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00ed p\u0159es milion <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u010clov\u011bk podnikaj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensky motivovanou cestu na svat\u00e9 m\u00edsto.\" tabindex=\"0\">poutn\u00edk\u016f<\/span>. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost\u00ed je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00fd, v r\u00e1mci spole\u010denstv\u00ed pravideln\u011b opakovan\u00fd \u00fakon.\" tabindex=\"0\">zvyk<\/span> ob\u011btovat vonn\u00e9 ty\u010dinky u r\u016fzn\u00fdch chr\u00e1m\u016f pod\u00e9l cesty na vrchol za r\u016fzn\u00e9 zesnul\u00e9.<\/p><p>\u00dapln\u00e1 poutn\u00ed cesta zahrnuje stanice za rodi\u010de, prarodi\u010de, dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 a za \u201ehladov\u00e9 duchy\u201c bez rodiny, jim\u017e jinak nikdo neob\u011btuje ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed pokrmy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de3b676 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de3b676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85b530d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"85b530d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mumifikovan\u00e1 t\u011bla jako relikvie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8258b86 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8258b86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed rys jiuhuask\u00e9ho kultu tvo\u0159\u00ed mumifikovan\u00e1 t\u011bla vysok\u00fdch mnich\u016f, uct\u00edvan\u00fdch jako \u201et\u011blesn\u00ed buddhov\u00e9\u201c (rou shen pusa). T\u011blo korejsk\u00e9ho prince Kim Kjo-kaka, kter\u00fd podle <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed, zpravidla o \u017eivot\u011b svat\u00fdch.\" tabindex=\"0\">legendy<\/span> \u017eil na t\u00e9to ho\u0159e, je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za prvn\u00ed takov\u00e9 relikviov\u00e9 t\u011blo.<\/p><p>A\u017e do 20. stolet\u00ed bylo v poho\u0159\u00ed Jiuhua identifikov\u00e1no n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek takto mumifikovan\u00fdch mnich\u016f; n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed poch\u00e1zeli z obdob\u00ed dynastie Tang, jin\u00ed z obdob\u00ed Ming a Qing, a jen m\u00e1lokdo z konce 19. a po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed.<\/p><p>Tato praxe je z religionistick\u00e9ho hlediska mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1, spojuje buddhistickou <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologii<\/span> znovuzrozen\u00ed s \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdmi p\u0159edstavami o nesmrteln\u00e9m t\u011ble, kter\u00e9 poch\u00e1zej\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e z <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eenskofilozofick\u00e1 tradice orientovan\u00e1 na Tao, cestu.\" tabindex=\"0\">daoismu<\/span>. Bernard Faure se touto prax\u00ed zab\u00fdval v n\u011bkolika studi\u00edch o d\u011bjin\u00e1ch \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho buddhismu a analyzoval jej\u00ed synkretismy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22bf0c9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"22bf0c9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-436cae8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"436cae8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Praxe Jiz\u00f3 v modern\u00edm Japonsku<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29b3aef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29b3aef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V Japonsku m\u00e1 Jiz\u00f3 zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 siln\u00e9 zakotven\u00ed v ka\u017edodenn\u00ed kultu\u0159e. Mal\u00e9 kamenn\u00e9 sochy, kter\u00e9 stoj\u00ed u cest, na h\u0159bitovech a v okol\u00ed chr\u00e1m\u016f, jsou pravideln\u011b opat\u0159ov\u00e1ny m\u00edstn\u00edmi obyvatelkami \u010derven\u00fdmi brynd\u00e1\u010dky, \u010depi\u010dkami nebo hra\u010dkami.<\/p><p>Tato v\u00fdzdoba je znakem p\u00e9\u010de ze strany komunity. V m\u011bstsk\u00e9m Tokiu existuj\u00ed chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 are\u00e1ly, kde je um\u00edst\u011bno n\u011bkolik set soch Mizuko-Jiz\u00f3.<\/p><p>O ty se staraj\u00ed truchl\u00edc\u00ed rodi\u010de nenarozen\u00fdch nebo p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b zem\u0159el\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed, \u010dasto po mnoho let. William LaFleur a Helen Hardacre nez\u00e1visle na sob\u011b zkoumali ekonomick\u00e9 a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed aspekty t\u00e9to praxe.<\/p><p>Vid\u00ed v n\u00ed jak d\u016fle\u017eitou pr\u00e1ci se smutkem, tak z\u010d\u00e1sti komercializovanou <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1movou<\/span> ekonomiku, v n\u00ed\u017e <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1my<\/span> na prodeji so\u0161ek a v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00edch vzpom\u00ednkov\u00fdch ritu\u00e1lech zna\u010dn\u011b vyd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fe866f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3fe866f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3356a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c3356a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ksitigarbha a Sv\u00e1tek duch\u016f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90b7018 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"90b7018\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sv\u00e1tek duch\u016f, p\u0159ipadaj\u00edc\u00ed na 15. den 7. lun\u00e1rn\u00edho m\u011bs\u00edce (na Tchaj-wanu a v pevninsk\u00e9 \u010c\u00edn\u011b dnes v\u011bt\u0161inou v srpnu), pat\u0159\u00ed k nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00edm a \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factn\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f v\u016f\u010di bo\u017estvu nebo posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 bytosti.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultem<\/span> Ksitigarbhy.<\/p><p>Po cel\u00fd sedm\u00fd lun\u00e1rn\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc se br\u00e1ny mezi sv\u011bty pova\u017euj\u00ed za otev\u0159en\u00e9 a zesnul\u00ed i hladov\u00ed duchov\u00e9 mohou vstoupit do sv\u011bta \u017eiv\u00fdch.<\/p><p>Rodiny stav\u011bj\u00ed ob\u011btn\u00ed stoly s pokrmy, kadidlem a pap\u00edrov\u00fdmi pen\u011bzi ur\u010den\u00fdmi p\u0159edk\u016fm i bezdomov\u00fdm duch\u016fm. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">Chr\u00e1my<\/span> v tomto obdob\u00ed konaj\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed liturgie, p\u0159i nich\u017e se recituje Dizang-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatra<\/span>, aby byly bytosti vysvobozeny z pekel.<\/p><p>Spojen\u00ed mezi sv\u00e1tkem duch\u016f a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factn\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f v\u016f\u010di bo\u017estvu nebo posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 bytosti.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultem<\/span> Dizanga je dolo\u017eeno od doby dynastie Tang, kdy vrchol\u00ed ob\u0159ady v <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pevn\u011b stanoven\u00fd po\u0159\u00e1dek bohoslu\u017eby n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho spole\u010denstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">liturgii<\/span> \u201eJ\u00fclanpchen chuej\u201c (shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed Ullambana), jej\u00edm\u017e textov\u00fdm z\u00e1kladem je Ullambana-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatra<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f51568 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8f51568\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7325a99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7325a99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u00fatra Dasheng Daji Dizang Shilun<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2b77a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2b77a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vedle zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatry<\/span> o p\u016fvodn\u00edch <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Slavnostn\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd slib u\u010din\u011bn\u00fd bo\u017estvu.\" tabindex=\"0\">slibech<\/span> b\u00f3dhisattvy Ksitigarbhy (Dizang pusa benyuan jing) je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm doktrin\u00e1ln\u00edm d\u00edlem \u00ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">S\u00fatra<\/span> deseti kol b\u00f3dhisattvy Ksitigarbhy\u00bb (Dasheng Daji Dizang Shilun jing, Tai\u0161\u00f3 411).<\/p><p>P\u0159elo\u017eil ho S\u00fcan-cang roku 651 na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu. Obsahuje teologick\u00e9 zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed postaven\u00ed Dizanga v mah\u00e1j\u00e1nov\u00e9m <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn boh\u016f n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteonu<\/span> a zd\u016fraz\u0148uje jeho funkci \u201eo\u010di\u0161\u0165ovatele deseti \u010dinnost\u00ed\u201c.<\/p><p>V\u00fdzkum Zhiru Ng (\u00abThe Making of a Savior Bodhisattva\u00bb, Honolulu 2007) ukazuje, \u017ee toto <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatra<\/span> odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed star\u0161\u00ed indickou vrstvu Ksitigarbhovy <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologie<\/span>, zat\u00edmco Benyuan-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatra<\/span> p\u0159edstavuje \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 rozpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vzniklo v obdob\u00ed dynastie Sui nebo ran\u00e9ho Tangu a jednozna\u010dn\u011b nenavazuje na \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd indick\u00fd origin\u00e1l.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2531f9b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2531f9b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a4e916 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8a4e916\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0160est cest znovuzrozen\u00ed a Ksitigarbhova odpov\u011bdnost<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7355a58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7355a58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ve v\u00fdchodoasijsk\u00e9 tradici je Ksitigarbha b\u00f3dhisattvou, kter\u00fd mezi buddhou \u0160\u00e1kjamunim a budouc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edchodem Maitr\u00e9ji p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 odpov\u011bdnost za v\u0161ech \u0161est cest znovuzrozen\u00ed (bohov\u00e9, polobozi, lid\u00e9, zv\u00ed\u0159ata, hladov\u00ed duchov\u00e9, pekeln\u00e9 bytosti). Tuto odpov\u011bdnost mu p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 buddha \u0160\u00e1kjamuni ve sc\u00e9n\u011b pariwarta z Benyuan-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatry<\/span>.<\/p><p>Liturgick\u00fdm d\u016fsledkem je, \u017ee Ksitigarbha je vz\u00fdv\u00e1n jako prost\u0159edn\u00edk mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi sf\u00e9rami existence. V chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch s\u00edn\u00edch je proto \u010dasto zobrazov\u00e1n spolu s \u201eDeseti kr\u00e1li podsv\u011bt\u00ed\u201c (\u0160\u2018-wang), konstelac\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se v \u010c\u00edn\u011b ust\u00e1lila v 9. stolet\u00ed a jej\u00ed\u017e vliv p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159es Japonsko a Koreu a\u017e do dne\u0161n\u00ed poh\u0159ebn\u00ed praxe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db7b191 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db7b191\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ead0df8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ead0df8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sochy Roku-Jiz\u00f3 v Japonsku<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4247ee8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4247ee8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Na japonsk\u00fdch h\u0159bitovech a silni\u010dn\u00edch k\u0159i\u017eovatk\u00e1ch se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed skupiny \u0161esti so\u0161ek Jiz\u00f3 (Roku-Jiz\u00f3), z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 je p\u0159i\u0159azena jedn\u00e9 ze \u0161esti cest znovuzrozen\u00ed. Tato praxe sah\u00e1 do obdob\u00ed Heian (9. a\u017e 12. stolet\u00ed) a byla popularizov\u00e1na \u0161kolou Tendai.<\/p><p>Hank Glassman (\u00abThe Face of Jizo\u00bb, Honolulu 2012) zkoumal v\u00fdvoj soch Roku-Jiz\u00f3 jako sociologicko-n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd jev a uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee zd\u00e1nliv\u011b jednotn\u00e1 praxe vykazuje zna\u010dn\u00e9 region\u00e1ln\u00ed rozd\u00edly.<\/p><p>Sochy nesou r\u016fzn\u00e9 atributy: h\u016fl Khakkhara (k probuzen\u00ed pekeln\u00fdch bytost\u00ed), klenot p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed (\u010cint\u00e1mani), svitek <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu stru\u010dn\u011b formulovan\u00fd u\u010debn\u00ed text.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00fatry<\/span>, poup\u011b lotosu. V Kj\u00f3tu jsou stanice Roku-Jiz\u00f3 na okraji m\u011bsta dodnes c\u00edlem poutn\u00edch ritu\u00e1l\u016f, je\u017e r\u00e1muj\u00ed v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed slavnost Roku-Jiz\u00f3-meguri.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fb8a91 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3fb8a91\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb04ed6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eb04ed6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mizuko-kuj\u00f3 a pr\u016fmysl truchl\u00edc\u00edch ritu\u00e1l\u016f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0a53cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e0a53cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Praxe mizuko kuy\u00f3 (ob\u0159ady p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b zem\u0159el\u00e9 plody a kojence) se v Japonsku stala pevnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 liturgie zejm\u00e9na po roce 1948, v souvislosti s legalizac\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9ho p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Jizo je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za ochrann\u00e9ho patrona neusm\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdch zem\u0159el\u00fdch, zejm\u00e9na d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b nedos\u00e1hly vlastn\u00ed karmick\u00e9 zralosti.<\/p><p>William LaFleur (\u00abLiquid Life\u00bb, Princeton 1992) popsal n\u00e1bo\u017eenskoetick\u00fd diskurz kolem mizuko kuy\u00f3 jako nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek modern\u00ed japonsk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 praxe k bioetice.<\/p><p>Komer\u010dn\u00ed rozm\u011br je zna\u010dn\u00fd: <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1my<\/span> jako Hase-dera v Kamaku\u0159e skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed tis\u00edce mal\u00fdch so\u0161ek Jizo, kter\u00e9 darovali rodi\u010de. Kritika komercializace se vede i uvnit\u0159 samotn\u00fdch buddhistick\u00fdch svaz\u016f, ani\u017e by t\u00edm praxe v\u00fdrazn\u011b ustoupila.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b92766 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5b92766\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2068be5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2068be5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ksitigarbha ve vad\u017eraj\u00e1n\u011b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8ac0c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f8ac0c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V tibetsk\u00e9m buddhismu vystupuje Ksitigarbha (Sai Nyingpo) m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b ne\u017e ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii. Pat\u0159\u00ed do skupiny osmi velk\u00fdch b\u00f3dhisattv\u016f (rgyal sras chen po brgyad), je v\u0161ak jen z\u0159\u00eddka uct\u00edv\u00e1n jako centr\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bt praxe. Tibetsk\u00e1 tradice nezn\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed kult srovnateln\u00fd s uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm T\u00e1ry.<\/p><p>V <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kruhov\u00fd diagram, kter\u00fd v hinduismu a buddhismu zobrazuje kosmos.\" tabindex=\"0\">mandalov\u00fdch<\/span> konstelac\u00edch, nap\u0159\u00edklad v Garbhadh\u00e1tu- a Vad\u017eradh\u00e1tu-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kruhov\u00fd diagram, kter\u00fd v hinduismu a buddhismu zobrazuje kosmos.\" tabindex=\"0\">mandale<\/span>, m\u00e1 Ksitigarbha pevn\u00e9 m\u00edsto v z\u00e1padn\u00edm sektoru. Yael Bentor (\u00abConsecration of Images and Stupas in Indo-Tibetan Tantric Buddhism\u00bb, Leiden 1996) systematicky zhodnotila postaven\u00ed Ksitigarbhy v <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kruhov\u00fd diagram, kter\u00fd v hinduismu a buddhismu zobrazuje kosmos.\" tabindex=\"0\">mandale<\/span> pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tibetsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stanoven\u00fd po\u0159\u00e1dek bohoslu\u017eby n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 obce.\" tabindex=\"0\">liturgie<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96aa37a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"96aa37a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-254f540 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"254f540\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0160kola Jiuhua a jej\u00ed liturgick\u00e1 tradice<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d99b4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d99b4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hora Jiuhua v provincii Anhui je od pozdn\u00ed doby Tang hlavn\u00edm \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm centrem kultu Ksitigarbhy. Liturgick\u00e1 tradice zde vytvo\u0159ila vlastn\u00ed zp\u011bvn\u00ed formu naz\u00fdvanou \u00abJiuhua-Jinj\u00fce\u00bb, kter\u00e1 spojuje buddhistick\u00e9 chvalozp\u011bvy s m\u00edstn\u00edmi lidov\u00fdmi melodiemi. UNESCO uznalo tuto tradici v roce 2008 jako nehmotn\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed \u010c\u00edny.<\/p><p>Kl\u00e1\u0161tery na ho\u0159e vedou vlastn\u00ed sb\u00edrku zvukov\u00fdch nahr\u00e1vek liturgi\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je od 80. let systematicky znovu budov\u00e1na. Kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00ed m\u011bsto dnes \u010d\u00edt\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e osmdes\u00e1t <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m\u016f<\/span> a poustevnick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edbytk\u016f. Hlavn\u00ed poutn\u00ed dobou je 30. den sedm\u00e9ho lun\u00e1rn\u00edho m\u011bs\u00edce, narozeninov\u00fd den Ksitigarbhy, kdy oblast Anhui p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 stovky tis\u00edc <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u010clov\u011bk, kter\u00fd podnik\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eensky motivovanou cestu na svat\u00e9 m\u00edsto.\" tabindex=\"0\">poutn\u00edk\u016f<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f161d5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8f161d5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f87a44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f87a44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba2ceb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ba2ceb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u010c\u00edm se li\u0161\u00ed Ksitigarbha od Avalokiteshvary?<\/strong> Oba jsou b\u00f3dhisattvy soucitu, maj\u00ed v\u0161ak odli\u0161n\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Avalokiteshvara pom\u00e1h\u00e1 \u017eiv\u00fdm bytostem v tomto sv\u011bt\u011b, Ksitigarbha bytostem v peklech a duchovn\u00edch \u0159\u00ed\u0161\u00edch. Avalokiteshvara je nej\u010dast\u011bji zobrazov\u00e1n v kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9m od\u011bn\u00ed, Ksitigarbha jako holohlav\u00fd mnich.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro\u010d je Ksitigarbha v Japonsku spojov\u00e1n s d\u011btmi?<\/strong> Spojen\u00ed s d\u011btmi, zejm\u00e9na se zem\u0159el\u00fdmi nenarozen\u00fdmi d\u011btmi (mizuko), je japonsk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj, prokazateln\u00fd od 12. stolet\u00ed, kter\u00fd se v\u00fdrazn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il ve 20. stolet\u00ed. Nem\u00e1 kanonick\u00fd z\u00e1klad v ran\u00fdch s\u00fatr\u00e1ch, jde o kulturn\u011b specifickou podobu buddhistick\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 funkce.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak\u00e9 je nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Svat\u00e9 m\u00edsto zasv\u011bcen\u00e9 uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bo\u017estva.\" tabindex=\"0\">svatyn\u011b<\/span> Ksitigarbhy?<\/strong> Hlavn\u00ed svatyn\u00ed je Jiuhua \u0160an v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 provincii Anhui. Jde o jednu ze \u010dty\u0159 svat\u00fdch hor \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho buddhismu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Svat\u00e1 slabika nebo formule, kter\u00e1 se v hinduismu a buddhismu opakovan\u011b pron\u00e1\u0161\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">mantra<\/span> je p\u0159i\u0159azena Ksitigarbhovi?<\/strong> Standardn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Svat\u00e1 slabika nebo formule, kter\u00e1 se v hinduismu a buddhismu opakovan\u011b pron\u00e1\u0161\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">mantra<\/span> zn\u00ed \u00ab\u00f3m ha ha ha vismaje svaha\u00bb a recituje se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159i \u00fastra\u0148ov\u00e9 praxi a v ob\u0159adech za zem\u0159el\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3274,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Ksitigarbha","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ksitigarbha \u2013 b\u00f3dhisattva pekel | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Ksitigarbha (jap. Jizo) je b\u00f3dhisattva, kter\u00fd neopou\u0161t\u00ed peklo, dokud nejsou vysvobozeny v\u0161echny bytosti. Ochr\u00e1nce zem\u0159el\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. M\u00fdtus.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-145624","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ksitigarbha \u2013 b\u00f3dhisattva pekel | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ksitigarbha (jap. Jizo) je b\u00f3dhisattva, kter\u00fd neopou\u0161t\u00ed peklo, dokud nejsou vysvobozeny v\u0161echny bytosti. Ochr\u00e1nce zem\u0159el\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. M\u00fdtus.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ksitigarbha\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ksitigarbha (jap. Jizo) je b\u00f3dhisattva, kter\u00fd neopou\u0161t\u00ed peklo, dokud nejsou vysvobozeny v\u0161echny bytosti. Ochr\u00e1nce zem\u0159el\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. M\u00fdtus.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-03T17:01:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/ksitigarbha\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/ksitigarbha\\\/\",\"name\":\"Ksitigarbha \u2013 b\u00f3dhisattva pekel | iWell Guard\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/ksitigarbha\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/ksitigarbha\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-03T16:32:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-03T17:01:16+00:00\",\"description\":\"Ksitigarbha (jap. Jizo) je b\u00f3dhisattva, kter\u00fd neopou\u0161t\u00ed peklo, dokud nejsou vysvobozeny v\u0161echny bytosti. Ochr\u00e1nce zem\u0159el\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. M\u00fdtus.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/ksitigarbha\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/ksitigarbha\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/ksitigarbha\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Bohov\u00e9 z buddhistick\u00e9 tradice.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/ksitigarbha\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/?page_id=145107\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ksitigarbha\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"cs\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ksitigarbha \u2013 b\u00f3dhisattva pekel | iWell Guard","description":"Ksitigarbha (jap. Jizo) je b\u00f3dhisattva, kter\u00fd neopou\u0161t\u00ed peklo, dokud nejsou vysvobozeny v\u0161echny bytosti. Ochr\u00e1nce zem\u0159el\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. M\u00fdtus.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/","og_locale":"cs_CZ","og_type":"article","og_title":"Ksitigarbha","og_description":"Ksitigarbha (jap. Jizo) je b\u00f3dhisattva, kter\u00fd neopou\u0161t\u00ed peklo, dokud nejsou vysvobozeny v\u0161echny bytosti. Ochr\u00e1nce zem\u0159el\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. M\u00fdtus.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-03T17:01:16+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/","name":"Ksitigarbha \u2013 b\u00f3dhisattva pekel | iWell Guard","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-03T16:32:11+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-03T17:01:16+00:00","description":"Ksitigarbha (jap. Jizo) je b\u00f3dhisattva, kter\u00fd neopou\u0161t\u00ed peklo, dokud nejsou vysvobozeny v\u0161echny bytosti. Ochr\u00e1nce zem\u0159el\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. M\u00fdtus.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"cs","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Bohov\u00e9 z buddhistick\u00e9 tradice."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ksitigarbha\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145107"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ksitigarbha"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"cs"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/145624","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=145624"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/145624\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3274"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=145624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=145624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}