{"id":145536,"date":"2026-09-03T16:31:20","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:31:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145536"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:58:42","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:58:42","slug":"beaivi-slunecni-bohyne-samu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/beaivi-slunecni-bohyne-samu\/","title":{"rendered":"Beaivi &#8211; slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b S\u00e1m\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145536\" class=\"elementor elementor-145536 elementor-2664 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Beaivi - slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b a d\u00e1rkyn\u011b \u017eivota s\u00e1msk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Beaivi, ps\u00e1no tak\u00e9 Beaivvi nebo v severos\u00e1msk\u00e9 standardn\u00ed form\u011b Beaivi, je slunce jako zosobn\u011bn\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost uct\u00edvan\u00e1 jako bo\u017esk\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci n\u011bjak\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017estvo<\/span> s\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice. Byla pova\u017eov\u00e1na za d\u00e1rkyni \u017eivota, matku sob\u016f a n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou centr\u00e1ln\u00ed postavu, jej\u00ed\u017e uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed podrobn\u011b rekonstruovali H\u00e5kan Rydving a Juha Pentik\u00e4inen.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bohyn\u011b tradice S\u00e1m\u016f.\">Bohyn\u011b<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/sami-finsko-ugricka-tradice-noaidi-buben\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mytologie tradice S\u00e1m\u016f.\">S\u00e1mov\u00e9<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Slune\u010dn\u00ed a \u017eivotod\u00e1rn\u00e1 bohyn\u011b.\">Slune\u010dn\u00ed a \u017eivotod\u00e1rn\u00e1 bohyn\u011b<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-beaivi-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" 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500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_beaivi-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-147295\" alt=\"Beaivi \u2013 bohyn\u011b z tradice S\u00e1m\u016f, historicko-ilustrativn\u00ed zobrazen\u00ed\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_beaivi-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_beaivi-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_beaivi-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_beaivi.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Za\u0159azen\u00ed a stru\u010dn\u00fd profil<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Beaivi je v s\u00e1msk\u00e9m n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9m univerzu centr\u00e1ln\u00ed sv\u011bteln\u00e9 bo\u017estvo a pat\u0159\u00ed k nejpodrobn\u011bji dokumentovan\u00fdm postav\u00e1m p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/sami-finsko-ugricka-tradice-noaidi-buben\/\">s\u00e1msk\u00e9ho<\/a> n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.<\/p><p>Na rozd\u00edl od mnoha st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00fdch slune\u010dn\u00edch kult\u016f je Beaivi \u017eensk\u00e1, co\u017e ji za\u0159azuje do \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed cirkumpol\u00e1rn\u00ed a severoevropsk\u00e9 tradice \u017eensk\u00fdch slune\u010dn\u00edch bo\u017estev. Religionisticky pat\u0159\u00ed ke stejn\u00e9mu genderov\u00e9mu p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00ed jako germ\u00e1nsk\u00e1 S\u00f3l, baltsk\u00e1 Saul\u0117 a japonsk\u00e1 Amaterasu.<\/p><p>Prameny k Beaivi jsou bohat\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u mnoha jin\u00fdch s\u00e1msk\u00fdch bo\u017estev. Zahrnuj\u00ed \u0161amansk\u00e9 malby na bubnech ze 17. a 18. stolet\u00ed, zpr\u00e1vy luter\u00e1nsk\u00fdch mision\u00e1\u0159\u016f jako Johannes Schefferus, Knud Leem a Jens Kildal, a tak\u00e9 etnografick\u00e9 z\u00e1pisky Larse Leviho L\u00e6stadiuse z 19. stolet\u00ed. Tato \u0161\u00ed\u0159e pramen\u016f \u010din\u00ed Beaivi z religionistick\u00e9ho hlediska dob\u0159e zpracovatelnou.<\/p><p>V\u011bdecky vzato nen\u00ed Beaivi jen astronomick\u00fdm jevem, ale komplexn\u00edm \u017eivotod\u00e1rn\u00fdm bo\u017estvem. Zosob\u0148uje plodnost, stav sob\u00edch st\u00e1d, zdrav\u00ed a kosmologick\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d. Tato funk\u010dn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159e je z hlediska fenomenologie n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed typick\u00e1 pro arktick\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b, jejich\u017e v\u00fdznam je spojen s \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eitou dichotomi\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00edho dne a pol\u00e1rn\u00ed noci.<\/p><p>Pr\u00e1v\u011b slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b Beaivi ukazuje, jak v\u00fdrazn\u011b nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bad\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u0159esnilo svou metodiku: etnografick\u00e1 p\u0159esnost, kritick\u00e9 zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed jazykov\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span> a srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pohled se dnes vz\u00e1jemn\u011b propojuj\u00ed. Podstatnou roli v tom hraj\u00ed s\u00e1m\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci a v\u011bdkyn\u011b samotn\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed prov\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed star\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00ed v\u00fdklady Beaivi a opravuj\u00ed ty, kter\u00e9 byly ovlivn\u011bny koloni\u00e1ln\u00edmi my\u0161lenkov\u00fdmi vzorci.<\/p><p>Beaivi jako \u017eensk\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed bo\u017estvo se za\u0159azuje do cirkumpol\u00e1rn\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 topografie, kter\u00e1 je nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d arktick\u00fdm prostorem p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b jednotn\u00e1. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee takov\u00e9 struktury z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed stabiln\u00ed na tis\u00edce kilometr\u016f, je pro srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdn\u00ed obor, kter\u00fd zkoum\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed srovn\u00e1vac\u00edm zp\u016fsobem a bez vazby na v\u00edru.\" tabindex=\"0\">religionistiku<\/span> jedn\u00edm z jej\u00edch nejn\u00e1padn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a dodnes se o n\u00ed vedou spory.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no a etymologie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jm\u00e9no Beaivi pat\u0159\u00ed k z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sob\u011b s\u00e1m\u0161tiny a ozna\u010duje z\u00e1rove\u0148 slunce jako nebesk\u00e9 t\u011bleso i jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost uct\u00edvan\u00e1 jako bo\u017esk\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci n\u011bjak\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017estvo<\/span>. Dialektick\u00e9 varianty jsou P\u00e4ivi v jihos\u00e1msk\u00e9 oblasti, Peivve v inaris\u00e1msk\u00e9 a Paeivvi ve skolts\u00e1msk\u00e9. Tato rozmanitost odpov\u00edd\u00e1 dialekt\u00e1ln\u00ed diferenciaci s\u00e1m\u0161tiny, kter\u00e1 se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z n\u011bkolika navz\u00e1jem jen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b srozumiteln\u00fdch jazykov\u00fdch variet.<\/p><p>Etymologicky pat\u0159\u00ed Beaivi k pra-uralsk\u00e9mu slune\u010dn\u00edmu ko\u0159eni, kter\u00fd se objevuje tak\u00e9 ve finsk\u00e9m <em>p\u00e4iv\u00e4<\/em>, v estonsk\u00e9m <em>p\u00e4ev<\/em> a ve vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch t\u00e9to uralsk\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 rodiny. V\u011bdecky je tato jazykov\u011b-historick\u00e1 hloubka pozoruhodn\u00e1, proto\u017ee odkazuje na velmi starou vrstvu n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho pojmotvorby, sahaj\u00edc\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u011b do praralsk\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed.<\/p><p>V n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9m jazyce se \u010dasto objevuje ct\u011bn\u00e1 forma <em>Beaivvi-\u00c1h\u010d\u010di<\/em> nebo <em>Beaivvi-Eadni<\/em>, doslova Slune\u010dn\u00ed otec nebo Slune\u010dn\u00ed matka, podle region\u00e1ln\u00edho genderov\u00e9ho p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00ed. Dvoj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost obou forem v r\u016fzn\u00fdch regionech je v\u011bdecky pou\u010dn\u00e1 a odkazuje na flexibiln\u00ed genderov\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00ed slunce.<\/p><p>Religionsociologicky lze zkoumat, jakou roli hr\u00e1la Beaivi ve struktu\u0159e tradi\u010dn\u00ed s\u00e1msk\u00e9 komunity. Proto\u017ee slune\u010dn\u00ed kult byl spojen se stavem sob\u00edch st\u00e1d, zdrav\u00edm a rytmem pol\u00e1rn\u00edho dne a pol\u00e1rn\u00ed noci, z\u016fst\u00e1valo n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 zde nikdy odd\u011bleno od ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed praxe.<\/p><p>Toto t\u011bsn\u00e9 propojen\u00ed tvo\u0159\u00ed vlastn\u00ed religionsantropologick\u00e9 badatelsk\u00e9 pole, kter\u00e9 systematicky zpracovali p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm H\u00e5kan Rydving a Konsta Kaikkonen.<\/p><p>K tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 sou\u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdznam Beaivi pro s\u00e1mskou identit\u00e1rn\u00ed politiku. S rozvojem s\u00e1msk\u00e9 samospr\u00e1vy a mezin\u00e1rodn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00edm uzn\u00e1n\u00edm pr\u00e1v p\u016fvodn\u00edch obyvatel vystupuj\u00ed postavy jako slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b op\u011bt siln\u011bji do ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho pov\u011bdom\u00ed. Jak spolu p\u016fsob\u00ed religionistick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum a politick\u00e9 sebeuv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed, je vlastn\u00edm pracovn\u00edm polem, kter\u00e9mu v\u011bda v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b v\u011bnuje v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00edce pozornosti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Popis a ikonografie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Beaivi je v etnografick\u00fdch pramenech popisov\u00e1na jako laskav\u00e1, \u017eivotod\u00e1rn\u00e1 matka, jej\u00ed\u017e paprsky oh\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed zemi a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed sob\u016fm prosp\u00edvat. Zpravidla nen\u00ed popisov\u00e1na jako antropomorfn\u00ed postava, ale jako samo slunce, kter\u00e9 vys\u00edl\u00e1 sv\u00e9 paprsky jako pa\u017ee \u010di nohy na v\u0161echny strany.<\/p><p>Ikonograficky je Beaivi na s\u00e1msk\u00fdch \u0161amansk\u00fdch bubnech, <em>goavddis<\/em> nebo <em>gievrie<\/em>, \u010dasto zobrazov\u00e1na v horn\u00ed polovin\u011b jako centr\u00e1ln\u00ed kolo nebo k\u0159\u00ed\u017e.<\/p><p>Slavn\u00e1 zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed bubnov\u00fdch vyobrazen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 provedl Ernst Manker ve 20. stolet\u00ed, uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee Beaivi je p\u0159\u00edtomna na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00e9m zachovan\u00e9m bubnu a b\u00fdv\u00e1 zpravidla um\u00edst\u011bna ve st\u0159edu nebo horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti horn\u00edho registru skute\u010dnosti.<\/p><p>Toto ikonografick\u00e9 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed postaven\u00ed odpov\u00edd\u00e1 jej\u00edmu teologick\u00e9mu v\u00fdznamu. V\u011bdecky je ikonografie bubn\u016f jedn\u00edm z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pramen\u016f pro s\u00e1msk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, proto\u017ee poch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo z p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 tradice a nen\u00ed ovlivn\u011bna mision\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm filtrem. Dopl\u0148uje p\u00edsemn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy o dom\u00e1c\u00ed vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed pramen, co\u017e je z hlediska religionistick\u00e9 metodologie zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 cenn\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Beaivi a chov sob\u016f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed ekonomick\u00fd v\u00fdznam Beaivi spo\u010d\u00edval v jej\u00edm vztahu k chovu sob\u016f. Beaivi zaji\u0161\u0165ovala letn\u00ed pastviny, na kter\u00fdch se p\u00e1sla sob\u00ed st\u00e1da, a jej\u00ed paprsky nech\u00e1valy r\u016fst mech, kter\u00fd sobi pot\u0159ebovali. Reciprocita mezi Beaivi a saamsk\u00fdmi pastevci sob\u016f byla n\u00e1bo\u017eensko-ekonomicky z\u00e1sadn\u00ed.<\/p><p>Velk\u00fd letn\u00ed sv\u00e1tek, kter\u00fd byl v mnoha oblastech spojen se svatoj\u00e1nskou noc\u00ed nebo se zimn\u00edm slunovratem, ctil Beaivi ob\u011b\u0165mi. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech se ob\u011btovali b\u00edl\u00ed nebo sv\u011btl\u00ed sobi, v jin\u00fdch ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky a m\u00e1slo. Tyto ob\u011btn\u00ed praktiky jsou podrobn\u011b zdokumentov\u00e1ny ve zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch luter\u00e1nsk\u00fdch mision\u00e1\u0159\u016f, i kdy\u017e \u010dasto v pejorativn\u011b zabarven\u00e9m jazyce.<\/p><p>Z v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho hlediska je propojen\u00ed slunce a chovu sob\u016f p\u0159\u00edkladov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpadem ekologicky zakotven\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologie<\/span>, srovnateln\u00fdm s propojen\u00edm Sedny a mo\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at u <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/inuite-arktida-sedna-tornit-praxe\/\">Inuit\u016f<\/a>. N\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebylo abstraktn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem v\u00edry, n\u00fdbr\u017e p\u0159\u00edmou regulac\u00ed ob\u017eivn\u00e9 praxe prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sakr\u00e1ln\u00ed reciprocity.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Slunovratov\u00fd sv\u00e1tek a letn\u00ed slunovrat<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hlavn\u00ed sv\u00e1tek Beaivi byl v\u00e1z\u00e1n na slunovrat. Ve svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 noci, kdy slunce v severn\u00edch saamsk\u00fdch oblastech nezapad\u00e1, byla Beaivi zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b uct\u00edv\u00e1na. Tak\u00e9 zimn\u00ed slunovrat, kdy se slunce vrac\u00ed po dlouh\u00e9 pol\u00e1rn\u00ed noci, byl n\u00e1bo\u017eensky nabit\u00fdm okam\u017eikem.<\/p><p>\u0160amani, saamsky zvan\u00ed <em>noaidi<\/em>, mohli v transu vz\u00fdvat slunce a prosit o teplo. Kultovn\u00ed praxe se odehr\u00e1vala u svat\u00fdch kamen\u016f, <em>sieidi<\/em>, kde se p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ely <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar bo\u017estvu na vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed d\u00edk\u016f, prosby nebo uct\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">ob\u011bti<\/span>. Tato praxe sieidi je religionisticko-etnologicky dob\u0159e zdokumentov\u00e1na a je jednou z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch slo\u017eek p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho saamsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.<\/p><p>Konkurenci ke k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 sv\u00e1tkov\u00e9 s\u00e9mantice si mision\u00e1\u0159i uv\u011bdomovali a vedla k c\u00edlen\u00e9mu z\u00e1kazu slune\u010dn\u00edch sv\u00e1tk\u016f. V\u011bdecky je tato konfliktn\u00ed historie samostatn\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm polem a p\u0159\u00edkladem n\u00e1bo\u017eenskopolitick\u00fdch st\u0159et\u016f severoevropsk\u00e9 misie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Beaivi a jej\u00ed dcera Sara-Akka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 s\u00e1msk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a o v\u00ed\u0159e ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologii<\/span> je Beaivi \u00fazce spojena s rodinou Akek. Zejm\u00e9na bohyn\u011b porodu <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145540\">S\u00e1ra-Akka<\/a> je v n\u011bkter\u00fdch pramenech popisov\u00e1na jako jej\u00ed dcera nebo pomocnice. Slunce a porod jsou v s\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradici teologicky \u00fazce propojeny, proto\u017ee novorozen\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na sv\u011bt ve sv\u011btle a je odevzd\u00e1no principu sv\u011btla.<\/p><p>V\u011bdecky je toto propojen\u00ed slunce a porodu samostatn\u00fdm jevem, kter\u00fd je v cirkumpol\u00e1rn\u00edm n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed dolo\u017een v\u00edcekr\u00e1t. Podobn\u00e9 funkce v oblasti \u017eensk\u00e9 praxe m\u00e1 i <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/inuite-arktida-sedna-tornit-praxe\/\">Inuitsk\u00e1<\/a> slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b Malina. Tyto struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed shody jsou z hlediska fenomenologie n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e9.<\/p><p>Vztah mezi Beaivi a Akkami je v jednotliv\u00fdch oblastech akcentov\u00e1n odli\u0161n\u011b. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch regionech je Beaivi matkou v\u0161ech Akek, v jin\u00fdch je samostatnou postavou, kter\u00e1 s Akkami stoj\u00ed ve vztahu spolupr\u00e1ce, nikoli v\u0161ak genealogick\u00e9m. Tuto variabilitu nelze v\u011bdecky jednozna\u010dn\u011b vy\u0159e\u0161it, je t\u0159eba ji respektovat jako region\u00e1ln\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Beaivi v cirkumpol\u00e1rn\u00edm srovn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Beaivi pat\u0159\u00ed do \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy \u017eensk\u00fdch slune\u010dn\u00edch bo\u017estev cirkumpol\u00e1rn\u00ed a severoevropsk\u00e9 oblasti. Struktur\u00e1ln\u011b srovnateln\u00e9 jsou germ\u00e1nsk\u00e1 S\u00f3l, baltsk\u00e1 Saul\u0117, ugrofinsk\u00e1 P\u00e4iv\u00e4t\u00e4r, japonsk\u00e1 Amaterasu, n\u011bneck\u00e1 <em>Chaer<\/em> a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/inuite-arktida-sedna-tornit-praxe\/\">Inuitsk\u00e1<\/a> slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b Malina. Toto genderov\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0159azen\u00ed slunce tvo\u0159\u00ed samostatnou oblast fenomenologie n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.<\/p><p>Na rozd\u00edl od \u0159eck\u00e9 tradice H\u00e9lios-Sol klade severn\u00ed \u017eensk\u00e9 slunce men\u0161\u00ed d\u016fraz na astronomicko-kosmologick\u00fd aspekt a v\u00edce na funkci d\u00e1rkyn\u011b \u017eivota spojenou s plodnost\u00ed. Z hlediska fenomenologie n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed to odpov\u00edd\u00e1 mat\u010d\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a o v\u00ed\u0159e ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologii<\/span>, kter\u00e1 je v severoevropsk\u00e9 tradici zna\u010dn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena a li\u0161\u00ed se od st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00fdch koncepc\u00ed otcovsk\u00e9ho slunce.<\/p><p>Religionistick\u00e1 diskuze o p\u016fvodu t\u00e9to vrstvy je star\u00e1 a dosud nebyla jednozna\u010dn\u011b uzav\u0159ena. Zat\u00edmco Marija Gimbutasov\u00e1 postulovala panEurasijskou vrstvu matky-bohyn\u011b, dne\u0161n\u00ed badatel\u00e9 jsou opatrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a odkazuj\u00ed na struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed shody bez nutn\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">K\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1 mise a vytla\u010den\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>K\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1 mise mezi Saamy za\u010dala ve st\u0159edov\u011bku, zes\u00edlila v\u0161ak v 17. a 18. stolet\u00ed pod \u0161v\u00e9dskou, norskou a finskou korunou. Luter\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed mision\u00e1\u0159i jako Thomas von Westen, Knud Leem a zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b Lars Levi L\u00e6stadius v 19. stolet\u00ed prosazovali tvrd\u00fd postup proti p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9mu saamsk\u00e9mu n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.<\/p><p>Beaivi byla \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b k\u0159es\u0165ansky p\u0159etvo\u0159ena ztoto\u017en\u011bn\u00edm s Mari\u00ed jako matkou sv\u011btla, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1na jako pohansk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Hanliv\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed pro obraz uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pova\u017eovan\u00fd za nespr\u00e1vn\u00fd.\" tabindex=\"0\">modla<\/span>. \u0160amansk\u00e9 bubny byly ve\u0159ejn\u011b p\u00e1leny, kameny sieidi ni\u010deny, \u0161amansk\u00e9 praktiky kriminalizov\u00e1ny. Tato represe vytla\u010dila p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho prostoru t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u011b, ani\u017e by je zcela vymazala.<\/p><p>V\u011bdecky je tato d\u011bjina misie samostatn\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm polem, kter\u00e9 je v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch znovu zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1no z postkoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed perspektivy. Dne\u0161n\u00ed saamsk\u00e1 kulturn\u00ed revitalizace se \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b odvol\u00e1v\u00e1 na Beaivi a dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 postavy, ani\u017e by si n\u00e1rokovala nep\u0159eru\u0161enou kontinuitu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 recepce a v\u00fdzkum<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum Beaivi je dnes velmi rozvinut\u00fd. H\u00e5kan Rydving svou knihou <em>The End of Drum-Time<\/em> (1993) a dal\u0161\u00edmi pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi pracemi postavil v\u00fdzkum s\u00e1msk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed na novou metodologickou z\u00e1kladnu. Juha Pentik\u00e4inen, Anna Lia Berthelsen a Konsta Kaikkonen se v\u011bnovali dal\u0161\u00edm aspekt\u016fm.<\/p><p>V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 s\u00e1msk\u00e9 kultu\u0159e je Beaivi p\u0159\u00edtomna v um\u011bn\u00ed, literatu\u0159e i hudb\u011b. Objevuje se v joikov\u00fdch zp\u011bvech, um\u011blci jako Britta Marakatt-Labba ji zpracovali v\u00fdtvarn\u011b. Tato kulturn\u00ed renesance je z hlediska religionistiky v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkem k zviditeln\u011bn\u00ed tradice.<\/p><p>Institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed uzn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00e1msk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed je dnes v podstat\u011b zaji\u0161t\u011bno. Beaivi se vyu\u010duje na s\u00e1msk\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch a je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed akademick\u00fdch osnov v Troms\u00f8, Ume\u00e5 a Helsink\u00e1ch. V\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum Beaivi se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ve f\u00e1zi produktivn\u00edho p\u0159ehodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">K\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e9 odkazy v lexikonu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Beaivi je spojena s <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145537\">M\u00e1nnu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145538\">R\u00e1hkou<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145539\">Stallem<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145540\">Sara-Akkou<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145541\">Uksakkou<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145542\">Juksakkou<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145543\">Madderakkou<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145544\">Jabmiidaibmu<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145545\">Saivo<\/a>. Kulturn\u00ed centrum <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/sami-finsko-ugricka-tradice-noaidi-buben\/\">S\u00e1msk\u00e1 tradice<\/a> zasazuje slune\u010dn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a o v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologii<\/span> do \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho r\u00e1mce. Srovnateln\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b najdeme v \u0159ad\u011b lemmat <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/inuite-arktida-sedna-tornit-praxe\/\">Inuit\u016f<\/a> u postavy <em>Maliny<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2407d132 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2407d132\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp21669eb1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp21669eb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Beaivi v s\u00e1msk\u00e9m ro\u010dn\u00edm kolob\u011bhu a ob\u011b\u0165 ke slunovratu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp23ff3f04 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp23ff3f04\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp23f2b794 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp23f2b794\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Beaivi, slunce, zauj\u00edmala v p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9m s\u00e1msk\u00e9m n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 postaven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se odv\u00edj\u00ed od \u017eivotn\u00edch podm\u00ednek dalek\u00e9ho severu. V zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch slunce v rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech s\u00e1msk\u00e9ho os\u00eddlen\u00ed zcela zmiz\u00ed nebo se sotva zvedne nad horizont. Jeho n\u00e1vrat na ja\u0159e tedy nebyl samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed, n\u00fdbr\u017e existenci\u00e1ln\u011b z\u00e1sadn\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed.<\/p><p>Novodob\u00e9 prameny, zejm\u00e9na zpr\u00e1vy mision\u00e1\u0159\u016f a \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f ze 17. a 18. stolet\u00ed, dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee S\u00e1mov\u00e9 v dob\u011b zimn\u00edho slunovratu p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161eli Beaivi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar bo\u017estvu vyjad\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edky, prosbu nebo \u00factu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ob\u011b\u0165<\/span>.<\/p><p>Zmi\u0148uje se mimo jin\u00e9 ob\u011btov\u00e1n\u00ed samic zv\u00ed\u0159at a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00fd \u00fakon, kter\u00fd se v r\u00e1mci spole\u010denstv\u00ed opakuje.\" tabindex=\"0\">zvyk<\/span>, p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e hr\u00e1ly roli spleten\u00e9 krou\u017eky z v\u011btv\u00ed, spojovan\u00e9 s navracej\u00edc\u00edm se sluncem. Tyto zpr\u00e1vy je t\u0159eba \u010d\u00edst s opatrnost\u00ed, proto\u017ee jejich auto\u0159i popisovali s\u00e1msk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed z vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho pohledu a \u010dasto se z\u00e1m\u011brem obr\u00e1cen\u00ed na v\u00edru.<\/p><p>Beaivi byla pova\u017eov\u00e1na za d\u00e1rkyni sv\u011btla a tepla, a t\u00edm i plodnosti, jak pro sob\u00ed st\u00e1da, tak pro rostliny, jimi\u017e se tato st\u00e1da \u017eiv\u00ed. Se sluncem se pojila i p\u0159edstava du\u0161evn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed; v n\u011bkter\u00fdch pod\u00e1n\u00edch byla vz\u00fdv\u00e1na o zachov\u00e1n\u00ed rozumu.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ran\u00e9 prameny, nap\u0159\u00edklad spisy Johannese Schefferuse, jeho\u017e d\u00edlo <em>Lapponia<\/em> vy\u0161lo roku 1673, a pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mision\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 z\u00e1pisy, byly ve v\u00fdzkumu podrobn\u011b analyzov\u00e1ny. Ukazuj\u00ed Beaivi jako centr\u00e1ln\u00ed postavu v\u00edry, \u00fazce sv\u00e1zan\u00e9 s extr\u00e9mn\u00edm ro\u010dn\u00edm kolob\u011bhem pol\u00e1rn\u00edho regionu.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2a9998cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2a9998cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp279aeee7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp279aeee7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Slunce na s\u00e1msk\u00fdch \u0161amansk\u00fdch bubnech<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2a24edbe e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2a24edbe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2b688a68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2b688a68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi zachovan\u00fdmi obrazov\u00fdmi sv\u011bdectv\u00edmi p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho s\u00e1msk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed jsou \u0161amansk\u00e9 bubny, v s\u00e1m\u0161tin\u011b ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako <em>goavddis<\/em> nebo p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi v\u00fdrazy.<\/p><p>Tyto bubny pou\u017e\u00edval n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd specialista, noaidi, k dosa\u017een\u00ed tranzu nebo k v\u00fdkladu znamen\u00ed pomoc\u00ed pohybu ukazov\u00e1tka po malovan\u00e9 bubnov\u00e9 membr\u00e1n\u011b. Na membr\u00e1n\u011b mnoha bubn\u016f je zobrazeno slunce, \u010dasto jako centr\u00e1ln\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span>.<\/p><p>Slune\u010dn\u00ed znak se typicky objevuje jako koso\u010dtverec nebo \u010dtverec se \u010dty\u0159mi paprsky sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edmi do \u010dty\u0159 sv\u011btov\u00fdch stran. Slunce je \u010dasto um\u00edst\u011bno uprost\u0159ed bubnu, kolem n\u011bj nebo pod\u00e9l jeho paprsk\u016f jsou uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1ny dal\u0161\u00ed postavy, bo\u017estva, zv\u00ed\u0159ata a krajiny.<\/p><p>Toto centr\u00e1ln\u00ed postaven\u00ed je ve v\u00fdzkumu vykl\u00e1d\u00e1no jako v\u00fdraz v\u00fdznamu Beaivi pro cel\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd obraz, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e slunce prostor uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1v\u00e1 a strukturuje.<\/p><p>V\u011bt\u0161ina zachovan\u00fdch bubn\u016f byla v 17. a 18. stolet\u00ed zabavena mision\u00e1\u0159i a \u00fa\u0159ady a dostala se do evropsk\u00fdch sb\u00edrek; mnoh\u00e9 byly zni\u010deny. S jejich v\u00fdzkumem je spojeno jm\u00e9no Ernsta Mankera, kter\u00fd v polovin\u011b 20. stolet\u00ed vytvo\u0159il rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd korpus zn\u00e1m\u00fdch bubn\u016f a systematicky zaznamenal jejich obrazov\u00e9 motivy.<\/p><p>V\u00fdklad jednotliv\u00fdch postav z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd, proto\u017ee znalost jejich p\u0159esn\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu se s posledn\u00edmi noaidi z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti ztratila a p\u00edsemn\u00e9 v\u00fdklady \u010dasto poch\u00e1zej\u00ed od c\u00edrkevn\u00edch pozorovatel\u016f z vn\u011bj\u0161ku.<\/p><p>Bubny jsou p\u0159esto nepostradateln\u00e9, nebo\u0165 jsou jedin\u00fdm rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm obrazov\u00fdm autentick\u00fdm sv\u011bdectv\u00edm star\u00e9ho s\u00e1msk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, a Beaivi v nich zauj\u00edm\u00e1 viditeln\u011b centr\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00edsto.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2e73dfba e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2e73dfba\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp29f09c35 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp29f09c35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kritika pramen\u016f k s\u00e1msk\u00e9mu kultu slunce<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2fe5f0bd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2fe5f0bd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp254f97b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp254f97b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed Beaivi nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na z\u00e1sadn\u00ed metodologick\u00fd probl\u00e9m: neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 p\u00edsemn\u00e1 sv\u011bdectv\u00ed p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho samsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo od samotn\u00fdch S\u00e1m\u016f.<\/p><p>S\u00e1mov\u00e9 dlouho nem\u00e1li vlastn\u00ed p\u00edsemnou tradici a jejich v\u00edra byla popisov\u00e1na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b z vn\u011bj\u0161ku, k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdmi mision\u00e1\u0159i, far\u00e1\u0159i a st\u00e1tn\u00edmi \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edky. Tito auto\u0159i m\u011bli vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdchodiska a c\u00edle, \u010dasto \u0161lo o potla\u010den\u00ed toho, co pova\u017eovali za pohanstv\u00ed.<\/p><p>To se p\u0159\u00edmo prom\u00edt\u00e1 do obrazu Beaivi. Ran\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy \u010dasto uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1valy samsk\u00e9 bo\u017estva podle vzoru \u0159ecko-\u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn tradovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f o boz\u00edch v ur\u010dit\u00e9 kultu\u0159e.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytologie<\/span> nebo podle k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch kategori\u00ed a vytv\u00e1\u0159ely tak mo\u017en\u00e1 systemati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn boh\u016f ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteon<\/span>, ne\u017e jak\u00fd znalo re\u00e1ln\u011b \u017eit\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.<\/p><p>Tak\u00e9 jm\u00e9na a p\u016fsobnost jednotliv\u00fdch bo\u017estev se mezi prameny a mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi samsk\u00fdmi regiony zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed. Samsk\u00e1 kultura nebyla nikdy jednotn\u00e1; zahrnovala n\u011bkolik jazyk\u016f a odli\u0161n\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby \u017eivota od pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edho rybolovu a\u017e po sob\u00ed nom\u00e1dstv\u00ed.<\/p><p>Nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum, nap\u0159\u00edklad pr\u00e1ce H\u00e5kana Rydvinga a dal\u0161\u00edch, proto zd\u016fraz\u0148uje nutnost d\u016fsledn\u00e9 pramenn\u00e9 kritiky. Rydving ve sv\u00fdch studi\u00edch o n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 prom\u011bn\u011b u S\u00e1m\u016f uk\u00e1zal, jak siln\u011b jsou dochovan\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy formov\u00e1ny perspektivou mision\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti.<\/p><p>Pro Beaivi to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee centr\u00e1ln\u00ed role Slunce v samsk\u00e9 v\u00ed\u0159e je dob\u0159e dolo\u017eena, d\u00edky bubn\u016fm, shoduj\u00edc\u00edm se zpr\u00e1v\u00e1m i logicky pochopiteln\u00e9mu rytmu pol\u00e1rn\u00edho roku, ale mnoh\u00e9 podrobnosti kultu a p\u0159edstav z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejist\u00e9. Kdo p\u00ed\u0161e o Beaivi, mus\u00ed tyto hranice pozn\u00e1n\u00ed otev\u0159en\u011b uv\u00e9st.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (v\u00fdb\u011br)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span data-nosnippet>H\u00e5kan Rydving: <em>The End of Drum-Time. Religious Change Among the Lule Saami, 1670s-1740s<\/em> (Uppsala 1993)<\/span><\/li><li>Juha Pentik\u00e4inen: <em>Saamelaiset. Pohjoisen kansan mytologia<\/em> (Helsinki 1995)<\/li><li>Ernst Manker: <em>Die Lappische Zaubertrommel<\/em> (Stockholm 1938-1950)<\/li><li>Johannes Schefferus: <em>Lapponia<\/em> (Frankfurt 1673)<\/li><li>Lars Levi L\u00e6stadius: <em>Fragmenter i lappska mythologien<\/em> (Manuskript ca. 1840)<\/li><li>Anna Lia Berthelsen: <em>The Sami People. Traditions in Transition<\/em> (Fairbanks 2002)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pojmy: Beaivi P\u00e4ivi Peivve Sami slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b Goavddis Sieidi Noaidi letn\u00ed slunovrat.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-beaivi\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard a ochrann\u00e9 tradice<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard navazuje na kulturn\u011b-historickou tradici p\u0159enosn\u00fdch ochrann\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, v tradici <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/sami-finsko-ugricka-tradice-noaidi-buben\/\">S\u00e1m\u016f<\/a> a mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch kultur po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. 41 vrstev, ryz\u00ed zlato, platina, st\u0159\u00edbro, vyrobeno v N\u011bmecku. 30denn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na vr\u00e1cen\u00ed.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" 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.jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-ccd elementor-widget 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Nejedn\u00e1 se o zdravotnick\u00fd prost\u0159edek. Nen\u00ed slibem l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dinku.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-beaivi-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-beaivi-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard <strong>nen\u00ed zdravotnick\u00fd prost\u0159edek<\/strong> a nenahrazuje l\u00e9ka\u0159skou ani psychoterapeutickou l\u00e9\u010dbu. Religionistick\u00fd obsah p\u0159edstavuje kulturn\u011b-historick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed, nikoli doporu\u010den\u00ed duchovn\u00ed praxe.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2890,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Beaivi s\u00e1msk\u00e1 slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Beaivi - slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b S\u00e1m\u016f a d\u00e1rkyn\u011b \u017eivota","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Beaivi je slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b S\u00e1m\u016f a matka \u017eivota. Religionistick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho s\u00e1msk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-145536","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Beaivi - slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b S\u00e1m\u016f a d\u00e1rkyn\u011b \u017eivota<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Beaivi je slune\u010dn\u00ed bohyn\u011b S\u00e1m\u016f a matka \u017eivota. 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