{"id":145515,"date":"2026-09-03T16:31:08","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:31:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145515"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:58:08","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:58:08","slug":"asbuiga-burjatsky-duch-koni","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/asbuiga-burjatsky-duch-koni\/","title":{"rendered":"Asbuiga \u2013 Burjatsk\u00fd ochrann\u00fd duch kon\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145515\" class=\"elementor elementor-145515 elementor-2643 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Asbuiga, burjatsko-mongolsk\u00fd ochrann\u00fd duch kon\u00ed a pomocn\u00fd duch \u0161aman\u016f<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Asbuiga je burjatsko-mongolsk\u00fd ochrann\u00fd duch kon\u00ed, kter\u00fd se v \u0161amansk\u00e9m komplexu Burjat\u016f objevuje jako pomocn\u00fd duch vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch, \u201eb\u00edl\u00fdch\u201c \u0161aman\u016f (<em>tsagaan b\u00f6\u00f6<\/em>) a je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za po\u0159\u00e1dek v ko\u0148sk\u00fdch st\u00e1dech.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u0160amansk\u00fd pomocn\u00fd duch tradice Sibi\u0159 \/ tengrismus.\">\u0160amansk\u00fd pomocn\u00fd duch<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/sibirsky-samanismus-tengrismus\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mytologie tradice Sibi\u0159 \/ tengrismus.\">Sibi\u0159 \/ tengrismus<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Pomocn\u00fd duch.\">Pomocn\u00fd duch<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-asbuiga-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-asbuiga-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-asbuiga-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_asbuiga-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-147323\" alt=\"Asbuiga - duchov\u00e9 z tradice sibi\u0159sk\u00e9ho tengrismu, historicko-ilustrativn\u00ed\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_asbuiga-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_asbuiga-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_asbuiga-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_asbuiga.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Za\u0159azen\u00ed a stru\u010dn\u00fd profil<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Asbuiga je pom\u011brn\u011b m\u00e1lo zn\u00e1m\u00fd, av\u0161ak pro burjatskou specializovanou vrstvu charakteristick\u00fd pomocn\u00fd duch. Na rozd\u00edl od velk\u00fdch ko\u0148sk\u00fdch bo\u017estev Sacha (<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145513\">Yhych-Khan<\/a>) nen\u00ed vysok\u00fdm bo\u017estvem, n\u00fdbr\u017e slou\u017e\u00edc\u00edm, pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duchem<\/span> uvnit\u0159 burjatsk\u00e9ho \u0161amansk\u00e9ho domu (syst\u00e9m <em>b\u00f6\u00f6-tngri<\/em>).<\/p><p>V r\u00e1mci <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/sibirsky-samanismus-tengrismus\/\">sibi\u0159sko-tengristick\u00e9 tradice<\/a> ukazuje, jak se vysoce bo\u017esk\u00e1 ko\u0148sk\u00e1 funkce v mlad\u0161\u00edch, specializovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch vrstv\u00e1ch rozv\u011btvuje do jednotliv\u00fdch pomocn\u00fdch duch\u016f. Burjat\u00e9 znaj\u00ed cel\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn boh\u016f ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteon<\/span> takov\u00fdch specializovan\u00fdch duch\u016f, kter\u00fd byl ve v\u00fdzkumu pops\u00e1n jako \u201eburjatsk\u00fd stav boh\u016f\u201c (Mih\u00e1ly Hopp\u00e1l).<\/p><p>Burjat\u00e9 \u017eij\u00ed u Bajkalsk\u00e9ho jezera a ve step\u00edch Transbajkalska; jejich n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b bohatou sm\u011bs\u00ed star\u00fdch mongolsko-tengristick\u00fdch vrstev, buddhistick\u00fdch vliv\u016f (\u0161kola gelugpa od 17. stolet\u00ed) a sibi\u0159sko-\u0161amanistick\u00fdch slo\u017eek. Asbuiga stoj\u00ed v \u0161amanistick\u00e9 vrstv\u011b, kter\u00e1 byla \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b obhajov\u00e1na proti buddhismu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no a etymologie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jm\u00e9no <em>Asbuiga<\/em> je v burjatsk\u00e9 tradici zavedeno jako vlastn\u00ed jm\u00e9no; jasn\u00fd etymologick\u00fd v\u00fdklad chyb\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed badatel\u00e9 navrhuj\u00ed souvislost s <em>asuu \/ asha<\/em> (\u201eochrana\u201c) a <em>buyaga<\/em> (ko\u0148sky v\u00e1zan\u00fd ko\u0159en slova), co\u017e by jm\u00e9no vykl\u00e1dalo jako \u201estr\u00e1\u017ece kon\u00ed\u201c. Tato hypot\u00e9za je v\u011brohodn\u00e1, ale nikoli definitivn\u011b objasn\u011bn\u00e1.<\/p><p>Alternativn\u00ed v\u00fdklad spojuje jm\u00e9no s burjatsk\u00fdm <em>ashanaa<\/em>, ritu\u00e1ln\u00edm jezdeck\u00fdm obj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bn\u00edm kolem m\u00edsta slavnosti, kter\u00e9 je s Asbuigou spojov\u00e1no. V tomto pojet\u00ed by bylo jm\u00e9no <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e1 posloupnost symbolick\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm nebo kulturn\u00edm v\u00fdznamem.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1ln\u011b<\/span> funk\u010dn\u00ed, a nikoli prim\u00e1rn\u011b anatomick\u00e9 nebo vlastnostn\u00ed.<\/p><p>Changalov, nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed burjatsk\u00fd etnograf po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed, toto slovo zaznamenal ve sv\u00e9m d\u00edle Sobranie sochinenij (Ulan-Ude 1958, 60), ani\u017e by podal kone\u010dn\u00e9 etymologick\u00e9 stanovisko. Tato otev\u0159enost etymologie nen\u00ed z religionistick\u00e9ho hlediska u specializovan\u00fdch duch\u016f nic neobvykl\u00e9ho.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Popis a ikonografie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Asbuiga je zobrazov\u00e1n jako jezdec na li\u0161kov\u011b zbarven\u00e9m koni, s dlouh\u00fdm \u0161lepem z chom\u00e1\u010d\u016f ko\u0148sk\u00fdch chlup\u016f na sedle. Na burjatsk\u00fdch \u0161amansk\u00fdch zrcadlech (<em>toli<\/em>) se objevuje jako men\u0161\u00ed ra\u017een\u00e1 jezdeck\u00e1 postava v doln\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b pomocn\u00fdch duch\u016f. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch kmenov\u00fdch domech byla vy\u0159ez\u00e1van\u00e1 Asbuigova h\u016fl sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161amansk\u00fdch insigni\u00ed.<\/p><p>Zrcadla <em>toli<\/em> Burjat\u016f jsou v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm hmotn\u00fdm p\u0159edm\u011btem: kruhov\u00e9 bronzov\u00e9 nebo \u017eelezn\u00e9 desti\u010dky s vra\u017een\u00fdmi zobrazen\u00edmi pomocn\u00fdch duch\u016f, kter\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd specialista, jemu\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi lidmi a duchovn\u00edm sv\u011btem.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0161aman<\/span> nos\u00ed na hrudi nebo na z\u00e1dech. Asbuiga pat\u0159\u00ed mezi \u010dast\u011bji se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed postavy v t\u00e9to mikroikonografii.<\/p><p>Ve sb\u00edrk\u00e1ch Muzea Republiky Burjatsko (Ulan-Ude) se zachovalo n\u011bkolik Asbuigov\u00fdch hol\u00ed a zrcadel toli s motivy Asbuigy. Caroline Humphrey tuto materi\u00e1ln\u00ed kulturu podrobn\u011b rozebrala v d\u00edle <em>Shamans and Elders<\/em> (1996).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mytologick\u00e1 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Burjatsk\u00e9 \u0161amansk\u00e9 genealogie (Changalov, 1958) vypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee Asbuiga byl jedn\u00edm ze 33 z\u00e1padn\u00edch tengri vysl\u00e1n k jednomu kmeni v oblasti Cis-Bajkalu, aby po epidemii kon\u00ed znovu obnovil st\u00e1da.<\/p><p>Od t\u00e9 doby se objevuje p\u0159i iniciac\u00edch \u0161aman\u016f jako \u201eu\u010ditel kon\u00ed\u201c a ud\u011bluje nov\u00e9mu \u0161amanovi schopnost sly\u0161et \u201eko\u0148sk\u00fdm uchem\u201c, tedy rozum\u011bt hlas\u016fm st\u00e1da.<\/p><p>Druh\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed popisuje, jak Asbuiga spole\u010dn\u011b s dal\u0161\u00edmi pomocn\u00fdmi duchy \u201el\u00e9\u010d\u00ed\u201c nemocn\u00e9ho h\u0159ebce kmenov\u00e9ho n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edka, v r\u00e1mci tradice, pomoc\u00ed p\u0159ilo\u017een\u00ed zrcadlov\u00e9 desti\u010dky a t\u0159ikr\u00e1t objede st\u00e1do. Toto vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed je z hlediska n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 antropologie modelov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem pro \u0161amanskou l\u00e9\u010debnou praxi.<\/p><p>T\u0159et\u00ed vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed popisuje Asbuig\u016fv boj s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm \u0161kodliv\u00fdm duchem <em>khargi<\/em>, kter\u00fd chce u\u010dinit kobyly neplodn\u00fdmi. Asbuiga v\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed lst\u00ed: jede pozadu skrz ohradu a \u0161kodliv\u00fd duch se ztrat\u00ed. Tento trickster <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f o specializovan\u00fdch du\u0161\u00edch na Sibi\u0159i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kult a uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Asbuiga nem\u00e1 ve\u0159ejn\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bo\u017estva nebo svat\u00e9 postavy.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span>; jeho uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed do uzav\u0159en\u00e9 oblasti \u0161amansk\u00e9 iniciace a ro\u010dn\u00edho sv\u011bcen\u00ed kon\u00ed.<\/p><p>P\u0159i tomto sv\u011bcen\u00ed je zdrav\u00fd k\u016f\u0148 prohl\u00e1\u0161en za \u201ekon\u011b Asbuigy\u201c: nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt ji\u017e ocho\u010den, jezd\u011bn ani por\u00e1\u017een a \u017eije jako svobodn\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159e ve st\u00e1du. P\u0159i \u0161amansk\u00fdch seanc\u00edch zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145511\">Khormustu<\/a> je Asbuiga vz\u00fdv\u00e1n v \u0159ad\u011b pomocn\u00fdch duch\u016f, jde-li o v\u011bci t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se kon\u00ed.<\/p><p>Caroline Humphrey ve sv\u00e9 knize <em>Shamans and Elders<\/em> (1996) podrobn\u011b popsala takovou seanci: <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd specialista, jemu\u017e se p\u0159isuzuje zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi lidmi a duchovn\u00edm sv\u011btem.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0161aman<\/span> vz\u00fdv\u00e1 postupn\u011b Tengriho, Khormustu, pot\u00e9 kmenov\u00e9 p\u0159edky a nakonec specializovan\u00e9 pomocn\u00e9 duchy, jako je Asbuiga. Tato hierarchie vz\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed je centr\u00e1ln\u00ed liturgickou formou burjatsk\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd syst\u00e9m, v n\u011bm\u017e specialist\u00e9 komunikuj\u00ed s duchovn\u00edm sv\u011btem.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0161amanismu<\/span>.<\/p><p>V sov\u011btsk\u00e9 \u00e9\u0159e byl <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bo\u017estva nebo svat\u00e9 postavy.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> Asbuigy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zcela potla\u010den; nemnoz\u00ed zbyl\u00ed praktikuj\u00edc\u00ed pracovali tajn\u011b. Od roku 1991 za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 opatrnou renesanci v kmenov\u00fdch oblastech na v\u00fdchodn\u00edm b\u0159ehu Bajkalu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrann\u00e1 praxe a apotropaick\u00e9 prvky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Z n\u00e1bo\u017eenskov\u011bdn\u00e9ho hlediska: apotropaick\u00e9 praktiky v komplexu Asbuigy jsou zam\u011b\u0159eny na ochranu ko\u0148sk\u00e9ho st\u00e1da. B\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi prvky jsou zav\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed svazk\u016f b\u00edl\u00fdch ko\u0148sk\u00fdch chlup\u016f na kol\u00edk u kobyl, vyku\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1jov\u00fdch k\u016fl\u016f jalovcem a vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se ur\u010dit\u00fdm tabuizovan\u00fdm slov\u016fm v bl\u00edzkosti st\u00e1da (slovo \u201evlk\u201c se nap\u0159\u00edklad nahrazuje slovem <em>kheer<\/em>, \u201epole\u201c).<\/p><p>Dary vztahuj\u00edc\u00ed se k Asbuize u kamenn\u00e9 hromady typu <em>obo<\/em> se v n\u011bkter\u00fdch kmenov\u00fdch oblastech obnovuj\u00ed prvn\u00ed den jara.<\/p><p>Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed prax\u00ed je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e1 posloupnost symbolick\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm nebo kulturn\u00edm v\u00fdznamem.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1l<\/span> <em>shig<\/em>: ve dnech, kdy se narod\u00ed nov\u00e9 h\u0159\u00edb\u011b, rodina ob\u011btuje kus chleba a trochu kobyl\u00edho ml\u00e9ka Asbuize a pronese kr\u00e1tkou <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prosebn\u00e9 nebo vz\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed obr\u00e1cen\u00ed se k bo\u017estvu nebo moci.\" tabindex=\"0\">invokaci<\/span>. Tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e1 posloupnost symbolick\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm nebo kulturn\u00edm v\u00fdznamem.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1l<\/span> je i dnes \u017eiv\u00fd v n\u011bkolika burjatsk\u00fdch vesnic\u00edch.<\/p><p>V r\u00e1mci tradice je poru\u0161en\u00ed t\u00e9to praxe ch\u00e1p\u00e1no jako p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina ko\u0148sk\u00fdch nemoc\u00ed; z etnografick\u00e9ho vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho pohledu jde o pravidla strukturuj\u00edc\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot, kter\u00e1 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed kulturn\u00ed formu ekonomick\u00e9 citlivosti chovu kon\u00ed. Ob\u011b perspektivy se nevylu\u010duj\u00ed, n\u00fdbr\u017e stoj\u00ed vedle sebe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralely v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Paralelou jsou kelt\u0161t\u00ed ko\u0148\u0161t\u00ed duchov\u00e9 (Epona jako vrchn\u00ed bohyn\u011b, k tomu men\u0161\u00ed ko\u0148\u0161t\u00ed daimoni), slovansk\u00e9 specializace domovoje na dobytek a finsk\u00e9 <em>haltija<\/em>. Z hlediska fenomenologie n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed ukazuje Asbuiga, \u017ee sv\u011bt \u0161amansk\u00fdch pomocn\u00fdch duch\u016f je funk\u010dn\u011b rozv\u011btven\u00fd a siln\u011b spojen\u00fd s ekonomick\u00fdm j\u00e1drem spole\u010denstv\u00ed.<\/p><p>V samotn\u00e9 Sibi\u0159i je nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed paralelou jakutsk\u00fd <em>kuralay<\/em>, ochrann\u00fd duch kobyl pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145513\">Yhych-Khanovi<\/a>. Hierarchie vrchn\u00ed bo\u017estvo \u2013 specializovan\u00e9 bo\u017estvo \u2013 pomocn\u00fd duch se tedy objevuje v n\u011bkolika sibi\u0159sk\u00fdch panteonech.<\/p><p>Zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm srovn\u00e1n\u00edm je tak\u00e9 mongolsk\u00fd komplex <em>khaidam<\/em>, v n\u011bm\u017e jsou jednotliv\u00ed pomocn\u00ed duchov\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0159azeni jednotliv\u00fdm zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm. Strukturn\u00ed podobnost je velk\u00e1; p\u0159esn\u00fd historick\u00fd vztah je p\u0159edm\u011btem v\u00fdzkumu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 recepce a v\u00fdzkum<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Asbuiga nen\u00ed v popul\u00e1rn\u00ed burjatsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 kultura se zvyky, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edmi a p\u00edsn\u011bmi.\" tabindex=\"0\">folkl\u00f3ru<\/span> nijak v\u00fdrazn\u00fd, dob\u0159e je v\u0161ak zdokumentov\u00e1n v odborn\u00e9 literatu\u0159e: Matvei N. Hangalov: <em>Sobranie sochinenij<\/em> (Ulan-Ude 1958, 1960); Mih\u00e1ly Hopp\u00e1l: <em>Shamans and Traditions<\/em> (Budape\u0161\u0165 2007); Roberte Hamayon (1990); Caroline Humphrey (<em>Shamans and Elders<\/em>, 1996).<\/p><p>Samostatn\u00e1 monografie o burjatsk\u00fdch pomocn\u00fdch du\u0161\u00edch existuje ve form\u011b pr\u00e1ce V. P. Diakonovov\u00e9: <em>Tuvinskie i burjatskie shamany<\/em> (2001).<\/p><p>V novodob\u00e9m burjatsk\u00e9m \u0161amansk\u00e9m sdru\u017een\u00ed \u201eTengeri\u201c (zalo\u017eeno 1993 v Ulan-Ude) je Asbuiga vz\u00fdv\u00e1n v o\u010distn\u00fdch a inicia\u010dn\u00edch ritu\u00e1lech. Sdru\u017een\u00ed dokumentuje svou praxi online, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje nezvykle otev\u0159enou pramennou z\u00e1kladnu pro etnologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum.<\/p><p>Stav b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed o Asbuize je celkov\u011b chud\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u velk\u00fdch vrchn\u00edch bo\u017estev; paradoxn\u011b z n\u011bj to d\u011bl\u00e1 vd\u011b\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt v\u00fdzkumu pro mlad\u00e9 religionisty, kte\u0159\u00ed se cht\u011bj\u00ed v\u011bnovat m\u00e9n\u011b zpracovan\u00fdm vrstv\u00e1m sibi\u0159sk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 debaty a otev\u0159en\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b jsou otev\u0159en\u00e9 dv\u011b v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky. Za prv\u00e9: Jak\u00fd je vztah Asbuigy k dal\u0161\u00edm burjatsk\u00fdm ko\u0148sk\u00fdm pomocn\u00fdm duch\u016fm (nap\u0159. <em>Khormonostoi<\/em>, <em>Kheterik-Bookhoi<\/em>)? Hangalov sestavil cel\u00fd seznam takov\u00fdch specializovan\u00fdch duch\u016f, jejich\u017e p\u0159esn\u00e1 hierarchie a d\u011blba funkc\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejasn\u00e1.<\/p><p>Za druh\u00e9: Jakou roli hraje komplex Asbuigy v sou\u010dasn\u00e9m st\u0159etu mezi burjatsk\u00fdm buddhismem a burjatsk\u00fdm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd syst\u00e9m, v n\u011bm\u017e specialist\u00e9 komunikuj\u00ed s duchovn\u00edm sv\u011btem.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0161amanismem<\/span>? Ob\u011b tyto tendence si n\u00e1rokuj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 praktiky pro sebe; chov kon\u00ed je oblast\u00ed, kde \u0161amanistick\u00e9 praktiky p\u0159e\u017eily zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 hou\u017eevnat\u011b.<\/p><p>A kone\u010dn\u011b: Jak se praxe Asbuigy prom\u011b\u0148uje pod vlivem hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 transformace v Burjatsku (turismus, t\u011b\u017eba, odchod do m\u011bst)? Zde se <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bda, kter\u00e1 bez vyznava\u010dsk\u00e9 vazby srovn\u00e1vac\u00edm zp\u016fsobem zkoum\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">religionistika<\/span> spojuje se soci\u00e1ln\u00ed geografi\u00ed. Caroline Humphrey se ve sv\u00fdch nov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch prac\u00edch v\u011bnovala pr\u00e1v\u011b tomuto pr\u016fse\u010d\u00edku.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Asbuiga v sou\u010dasn\u00e9m \u0161amansk\u00e9m sdru\u017een\u00ed Tengeri<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Burjatsk\u00e9 \u0161amansk\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed \u201eTengeri\u201c bylo zalo\u017eeno v roce 1993 v Ulan-Ude a dnes je jednou z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch institucion\u00e1ln\u00edch nositelek burjatsk\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd syst\u00e9m, v n\u011bm\u017e specialist\u00e9 komunikuj\u00ed se sv\u011btem duch\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0161amanismu<\/span>. Organizuje iniciace, koordinuje ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly a vede rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd archiv. Asbuiga pat\u0159\u00ed k pevn\u00e9mu reperto\u00e1ru jejich hierarchi\u00ed vz\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p>Z hlediska sociologie n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed je \u201eTengeri\u201c zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed \u0161amanskou praxi do modern\u00ed spolkov\u00e9 struktury s \u010dlensk\u00fdmi pr\u016fkazy, stanovami a v\u00fdborem. Tato institucionalizace je z hlediska d\u011bjin n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed novinkou a stav\u00ed v\u00fdzkum p\u0159ed nov\u00e9 metodick\u00e9 \u00fakoly.<\/p><p>Caroline Humphreyov\u00e1 a jej\u00ed \u017e\u00e1kyn\u011b doprov\u00e1zely \u201eTengeri\u201c etnograficky a publikovaly n\u011bkolik d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch studi\u00ed. Sdru\u017een\u00ed samo dokumentuje svou praxi online, \u010d\u00edm\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje vz\u00e1cnou p\u0159\u00edmou pr\u00e1ci s prameny.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s10 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s10\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s10h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s10h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prameny a vztah ke kulturn\u00edmu hubu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s10c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s10c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s10t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s10t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kdo chce studovat komplex Asbuiga v jeho \u0161\u00ed\u0159i, najde na p\u0159ehledov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/sibirsky-samanismus-tengrismus\/\">Sibi\u0159sko-tengristick\u00e1 tradice<\/a> nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odkazy na p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 postavy jako <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145511\">Khormusta<\/a> (mongolsk\u00e9 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bo\u017estvo) a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145513\">Yhych-Khan<\/a> (jakutsk\u00fd nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ko\u0148sk\u00fd b\u016fh).<\/p><p>Matvei N. Hangalovovo <em>Sobranie sochinenij<\/em> (Ulan-Ude 1958, 60) je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm prim\u00e1rn\u00edm pramenem. Caroline Humphreyov\u00e9 <em>Shamans and Elders<\/em> (1996) a <em>Inside and Outside the Mongol Tent<\/em> (2002) jsou nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi etnografick\u00fdmi d\u00edly.<\/p><p>Mih\u00e1ly Hopp\u00e1lovo <em>Shamans and Traditions<\/em> (Budape\u0161\u0165 2007) nab\u00edz\u00ed \u0161irokou srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed perspektivu a za\u0159azuje Asbuiga do \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho pole euroasijsk\u00fdch tradic pomocn\u00fdch duch\u016f. V. P. Diakonovov\u00e9 <em>Tuvinskie i burjatskie shamany<\/em> (2001) dopl\u0148uje toto t\u00e9ma ruskou badatelskou hloubkou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s11 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s11h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s11h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Asbuiga v burjatsk\u00e9m panteonu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s11c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s11c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s11t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s11t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Asbuiga je zapojena do hierarchicky uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9ho burjatsk\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn boh\u016f ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteonu<\/span>, kter\u00fd je podrobn\u011b pops\u00e1n v Hangalovov\u011b Sobranie sochinenij (1958, 60). Na vrcholu stoj\u00ed 99 Tengri (s <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145511\">Khormustou<\/a> jako v\u016fdcem 33 z\u00e1padn\u00edch b\u00edl\u00fdch), pod nimi kmenov\u00ed bohov\u00e9 <em>Khaty<\/em>, pot\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u011b v\u00e1zan\u00ed duchov\u00e9 <em>Ezhin<\/em> a kone\u010dn\u011b specializovan\u00ed pomocn\u00ed duchov\u00e9 jako Asbuiga.<\/p><p>Tato \u010dty\u0159stup\u0148ov\u00e1 hierarchie je n\u00e1bo\u017eensko-systematicky obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b dob\u0159e rozvinut\u00e1; \u010din\u00ed z burjatsk\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd syst\u00e9m, v n\u011bm\u017e specialist\u00e9 komunikuj\u00ed se sv\u011btem duch\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0161amanismu<\/span> jeden z nejl\u00e9pe dokumentovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f \u201ekomplexn\u011b strukturovan\u00e9ho\u201c animistick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p><p>Role Asbuigy v t\u00e9to hierarchii je rol\u00ed \u201efunk\u010dn\u00edho specialisty\u201c: nen\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm, ale je p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm adres\u00e1tem pro svou specializovanou oblast. Tato specializace odpov\u00edd\u00e1 ekonomick\u00e9 logice burjatsk\u00e9ho chovu kon\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s12 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s12h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s12h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Metodologick\u00e1 reflexe<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s12c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s12c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s12t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s12t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>P\u0159i v\u00fdzkumu Asbuigy se objevuje n\u011bkolik metodick\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f. Za prv\u00e9: prim\u00e1rn\u00ed prameny jsou skromn\u00e9; Hangalov je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, k tomu n\u011bkolik sov\u011btsk\u00fdch z\u00e1pis\u016f. Systematick\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed pramenn\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny st\u00e1le chyb\u00ed.<\/p><p>Za druh\u00e9: sou\u010dasn\u00e1 \u0161amansk\u00e1 praxe v Burjatsku (sdru\u017een\u00ed \u201eTengeri\u201c) p\u0159edstavuje samostatnou \u00farove\u0148 pramen\u016f, s n\u00ed\u017e je t\u0159eba n\u00e1bo\u017eensko-etnologicky pe\u010dliv\u011b zach\u00e1zet; nejde jednodu\u0161e o pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed historick\u00e9 praxe, n\u00fdbr\u017e o modern\u00ed reformulaci.<\/p><p>Za t\u0159et\u00ed: nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi buddhistickou a \u0161amanistickou vrstvou v Burjatsku se t\u00fdk\u00e1 i Asbuigy; ve kter\u00e9 vrstv\u011b historicky zako\u0159enil, nen\u00ed ve v\u0161ech bodech vyjasn\u011bno. Caroline Humphreyov\u00e1 toto nap\u011bt\u00ed podrobn\u011b popsala.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s13 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s13\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s13h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s13h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Asbuiga a burjatsk\u00fd buddhismus<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s13c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s13c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s13t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s13t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hlub\u0161\u00ed pozornost si zaslou\u017e\u00ed vztah mezi Asbuigou a burjatsk\u00fdm buddhismem (\u0161kola gelug, od 17. stolet\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed Burjat\u016f). Ve venkovsk\u00fdch kmenov\u00fdch oblastech na Cisbajkal\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eila Asbuiga \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b jako \u201ebuddhistick\u00fd pomocn\u00fd duch\u201c, v \u0161amanistick\u00fdch kruz\u00edch na Transbajkal\u00ed jako \u201enebuddhistick\u00fd specializovan\u00fd duch\u201c.<\/p><p>Toto dvoj\u00ed zakotven\u00ed je historicky zaj\u00edmav\u00e9: ukazuje, \u017ee \u201ebuddhismus\u201c a \u201e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd syst\u00e9m, v n\u011bm\u017e specialist\u00e9 komunikuj\u00ed se sv\u011btem duch\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0161amanismus<\/span>\u201c nejsou v Burjatsku striktn\u011b odd\u011blen\u00fdmi sv\u011bty, n\u00fdbr\u017e udr\u017euj\u00ed mezi sebou plynul\u00e9 vztahy. Caroline Humphreyov\u00e1 tuto plynulost podrobn\u011b analyzovala v <em>Shamans and Elders<\/em> (1996).<\/p><p>Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u0161amansk\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed \u201eTengeri\u201c se stav\u00ed proti p\u0159ivlastn\u011bn\u00ed buddhismem a n\u00e1rokuje si Asbuigu jako \u201e\u010dist\u011b \u0161amanskou\u201c postavu. Z hlediska sociologie n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed je toto vymezen\u00ed identitn\u00edm znakem, kter\u00fd p\u0159esahuje historick\u00fd stav pozn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s14 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s14\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s14h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s14h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Asbuiga a restrukturalizace burjatsk\u00e9ho \u0161amansk\u00e9ho stavu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s14c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s14c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s14t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s14t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hlub\u0161\u00ed pozornost si zaslou\u017e\u00ed d\u011bjinn\u00e9 souvislosti restrukturalizace burjatsk\u00e9ho \u0161amansk\u00e9ho stavu po roce 1990. Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 represe siln\u011b po\u0161kodily \u0161amanskou tradici; nemnoz\u00ed zachovan\u00ed praktikanti pracovali tajn\u011b. S politickou liberalizac\u00ed a obrodou buddhismu vznikl i otev\u0159en\u011b praktikovan\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd syst\u00e9m, v n\u011bm\u017e specialist\u00e9 komunikuj\u00ed se sv\u011btem duch\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0161amanismus<\/span>, kter\u00fd se organizoval do n\u011bkolika konkuruj\u00edc\u00edch si sdru\u017een\u00ed.<\/p><p>Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi sdru\u017een\u00edmi jsou \u201eTengeri\u201c (zalo\u017eeno 1993 v Ulan-Ude) a \u201eBoo Murgel\u201c (o n\u011bco pozd\u011bji). Ob\u011b si n\u00e1rokuj\u00ed Asbuigu jako sou\u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9ho reperto\u00e1ru, av\u0161ak s odli\u0161n\u00fdm ritu\u00e1ln\u00edm proveden\u00edm. Caroline Humphreyov\u00e1 tuto institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed pestrost podrobn\u011b popsala.<\/p><p>Z hlediska sociologie n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed je tato pluralizace zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpadem: konstituce \u201e\u0161amansk\u00e9ho stavu\u201c jako modern\u00ed spolkov\u00e9 struktury je novinkou, kter\u00e1 prom\u011b\u0148uje tradi\u010dn\u00ed charakter praxe. Pro mlad\u00e9 badatele se zde otev\u00edr\u00e1 vd\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 pole v\u00fdzkumu na rozhran\u00ed religionistick\u00e9 etnologie a sociologie organizac\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s15 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s15\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s15h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s15h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Asbuiga v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm v\u00fdzkumu \u0161amanismu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s15c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s15c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-s15t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-s15t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Asbuiga byl v posledn\u00edch dvou desetilet\u00edch za\u0159azen do mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu \u0161amanismu. Kniha Mih\u00e1lye Hopp\u00e1la <em>Shamans and Traditions<\/em> (Budape\u0161\u0165 2007) ho zasazuje do \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho pole euroasijsk\u00fdch tradic pomocn\u00fdch duch\u016f. Andrei Znamenski v d\u00edle <em>Shamanism and Western Imagination<\/em> (2007) o n\u011bm pojedn\u00e1v\u00e1 jako o p\u0159\u00edkladu specializace \u0161amansk\u00fdch vz\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p>Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed roli hraje ma\u010farsk\u00fd v\u00fdzkum \u0161amanismu, kter\u00fd od dob Vilmose Di\u00f3szegiho (1923, 1972) rozvinul vlastn\u00ed \u0161kolu euroasijsk\u00e9ho srovn\u00e1vac\u00edho bad\u00e1n\u00ed. Di\u00f3szegiho n\u00e1stupci Hopp\u00e1l a P\u00e1l <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed jako Bo\u017e\u00ed posel.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl<\/span> zahrnuli Asbuigu do t\u00e9to srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed tradice.<\/p><p>Pro sou\u010dasnou <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdn\u00ed obor, kter\u00fd zkoum\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed srovn\u00e1vac\u00edm zp\u016fsobem a bez vyznava\u010dsk\u00e9 v\u00e1zanosti.\" tabindex=\"0\">religionistiku<\/span> tak Asbuiga nen\u00ed okrajovou burjatskou zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed postavou, n\u00fdbr\u017e sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed etablovan\u00e9ho badatelsk\u00e9ho pole. Toto za\u0159azen\u00ed je z hlediska d\u011bjin n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed pozoruhodn\u00e9 a \u010din\u00ed z n\u011bj zaj\u00edmav\u00fd objekt studia pro mlad\u00e9 badatele.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2d1253e9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2d1253e9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp25e827d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp25e827d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kov\u00e1\u0159 v jakutsk\u00e9m obraze sv\u011bta a spole\u010densk\u00e9 postaven\u00ed \u0159emesla<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp23c021d3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp23c021d3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp291830cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp291830cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho bo\u017estva, jak je pro <em>Asbuigu<\/em> dosv\u011bd\u010deno v jakutsko-sibi\u0159sk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159es generace.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici<\/span>, lze pochopit jen tehdy, zohledn\u00edme-li zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed postaven\u00ed kov\u00e1\u0159e ve spole\u010dnostech severn\u00ed Asie.<\/p><p>U Jakut\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se sami naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed <em>Sacha<\/em>, nebylo kov\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed pova\u017eov\u00e1no za oby\u010dejn\u00e9 \u0159emeslo, n\u00fdbr\u017e za nebezpe\u010dnou a ct\u011bnou \u010dinnost, kter\u00e1 p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bla do styku s nadp\u0159irozen\u00fdmi silami. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslov\u00ed, kter\u00e9 koncem 19. stolet\u00ed zaznamenali badatel\u00e9 jako Vasilij Siero\u0161ewski, stav\u00ed kov\u00e1\u0159e a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd specialista, kter\u00e9mu je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi lidmi a sv\u011btem duch\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0161amana<\/span> na stejnou \u00farove\u0148 a odvozuje oba ze stejn\u00e9ho hn\u00edzda.<\/p><p>Toto zrovnopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed m\u011blo praktick\u00e9 d\u016fvody. Kov\u00e1\u0159 disponoval ohn\u011bm, kovem n\u00e1stroj\u016f a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u017eelezn\u00fdmi sou\u010d\u00e1stmi \u0161amansk\u00e9ho od\u011bvu, kter\u00e9 byly <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed k pevn\u011b stanoven\u00e9mu n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9mu postupu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1ln\u011b<\/span> nabit\u00e9 a bez nich\u017e se <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd specialista, kter\u00e9mu je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi lidmi a sv\u011btem duch\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0161aman<\/span> nemohl vydat na sv\u00e9 cesty.<\/p><p>Kov\u00e1\u0159 tak st\u00e1l u samotn\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00e1tku n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho apar\u00e1tu. Vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed vypov\u00eddaj\u00ed, \u017ee t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti od\u011bvu sm\u011bl vyr\u00e1b\u011bt jen kov\u00e1\u0159 z dlouh\u00e9 \u0159ady kov\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch p\u0159edk\u016f, jinak by duchov\u00e9 utrp\u011bli \u00fajmu.<\/p><p>Do t\u00e9to struktury pat\u0159\u00ed Asbuiga jako nebesk\u00fd nebo podsv\u011btn\u00ed p\u016fvodce kov\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Jakutsk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159edstava o stavb\u011b a uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00e9 kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">kosmologie<\/span> p\u0159i\u0159azuje kov\u00e1\u0159skou moc sp\u00ed\u0161e spodn\u00edmu sv\u011btu, oblasti ohn\u011b a nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch duch\u016f, zat\u00edmco jasn\u00e1 stvo\u0159itelsk\u00e1 bo\u017estva n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed horn\u00edmu sv\u011btu.<\/p><p>Kov\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 bo\u017estvo je tak ambivalentn\u00ed. Je d\u00e1rcem nezbytn\u00e9ho v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je spojeno se sf\u00e9rou, s n\u00ed\u017e se zach\u00e1z\u00ed s opatrnost\u00ed.<\/p><p>Z hlediska kritiky pramen\u016f je t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee jakutsk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed bylo zdokumentov\u00e1no pozd\u011b a p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b rusk\u00fdmi etnografy a politick\u00fdmi vyhnanci, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eili v 19. stolet\u00ed v Sibi\u0159i. Jejich z\u00e1pisy jsou hodnotn\u00e9, nesou v\u0161ak optiku vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho pohledu a generace inform\u00e1tor\u016f ji\u017e ovlivn\u011bn\u00e9 k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00edm.<\/p><p>Spojen\u00ed kov\u00e1\u0159e, ohn\u011b a ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed moci je nicm\u00e9n\u011b \u0161iroce a nez\u00e1visle dosv\u011bd\u010deno a pat\u0159\u00ed k nejl\u00e9pe zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdm rys\u016fm severoasijsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch d\u011bjin. Asbuiga v tomto r\u00e1mci nen\u00ed izolovan\u00fdm mytologick\u00fdm detailem, n\u00fdbr\u017e n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm v\u00fdrazem re\u00e1ln\u00e9 spole\u010densk\u00e9 skute\u010dnosti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (v\u00fdb\u011br)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>M. N. Hangalov: <em>Sobranie sochinenij<\/em> (Ulan-Ude 1958, 1960)<\/li><li>Caroline Humphrey: <em>Shamans and Elders<\/em> (1996)<\/li><li>Mih\u00e1ly Hopp\u00e1l: <em>Shamans and Traditions<\/em> (2007)<\/li><li>V. P. Diakonova: <em>Tuvinskie i burjatskie shamany<\/em> (2001)<\/li><li>Roberte Hamayon: <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em> (1990)<\/li><li>Andrei Znamenski: <em>Shamanism and Western Imagination<\/em> (2007)<\/li><li>Vladimir Basilov: <em>Shamanism in Siberia<\/em> (1984)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-asbuiga e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-asbuiga\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-asbuiga-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-asbuiga-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V burjatsko-mongolsk\u00e9m <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1van\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o boz\u00edch, po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch a uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtu<\/span> se Asbuiga objevuje jako duch kon\u00ed a \u0161amansk\u00fd pomocn\u00fd duch; prameny z oblasti Bajkalu a Sachalinu ho popisuj\u00ed jako pr\u016fvodce na duchovn\u00edch j\u00edzd\u00e1ch a str\u00e1\u017ece st\u00e1d.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pojmy: Asbuiga Burjati \u0161amani pomocn\u00fd duch kon\u011b Hangalov toli.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-asbuiga\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard a ochrann\u00e9 tradice<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard navazuje na kulturn\u011b-historickou tradici nositeln\u00fdch ochrann\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, v tradici <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/sibirsky-samanismus-tengrismus\/\">Sibi\u0159e \/ tengrismu<\/a> a mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch kultur po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. 41 vrstev, ryz\u00ed zlato, platina, st\u0159\u00edbro, vyrobeno v N\u011bmecku. 30denn\u00ed lh\u016fta na vr\u00e1cen\u00ed.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">V\u00edce o iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">V\u00edce o iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti se mohou li\u0161it. Nejedn\u00e1 se o zdravotnick\u00fd prost\u0159edek. Nen\u00ed slibem l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dinku.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-asbuiga-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-asbuiga-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard <strong>nen\u00ed zdravotnick\u00fd prost\u0159edek<\/strong> a nenahrazuje l\u00e9ka\u0159skou ani psychoterapeutickou l\u00e9\u010dbu. Religionistick\u00fd obsah p\u0159edstavuje kulturn\u011b-historick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed, nikoli doporu\u010den\u00ed duchovn\u00ed praxe.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2860,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Asbuiga burjatsk\u00fd duch kon\u00ed","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Asbuiga \u2013 Burjatsk\u00fd duch kon\u00ed, m\u00fdtus a prameny","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Asbuiga je v burjatsk\u00e9m \u0161amanismu ochrann\u00fdm duchem kon\u00ed a pomocn\u00fdm duchem zku\u0161en\u00fdch \u0161aman\u016f. Za\u0159azen\u00ed s prameny.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"sami","wesen_klasse":"lichtwesen","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-145515","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Asbuiga \u2013 Burjatsk\u00fd duch kon\u00ed, m\u00fdtus a prameny<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Asbuiga je v burjatsk\u00e9m \u0161amanismu ochrann\u00fdm duchem kon\u00ed a pomocn\u00fdm duchem zku\u0161en\u00fdch \u0161aman\u016f. 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