{"id":145387,"date":"2026-09-03T16:29:48","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:29:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145387"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:54:36","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:54:36","slug":"domovoj","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/domovoj\/","title":{"rendered":"Domovoj"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145387\" class=\"elementor elementor-145387 elementor-2188 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Domovoj, duch slovansk\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoj (\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439) je dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch slovansk\u00e9 tradice, kter\u00fd bd\u00ed nad dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed a jej\u00edmi obyvateli. Je uct\u00edv\u00e1n jako otcovsk\u00e1, ochrann\u00e1 bytost, je\u017e domu p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed blahobyt a bezpe\u010d\u00ed, pokud je k n\u011bmu chov\u00e1no s \u00factou. Jako str\u00e1\u017ece ohni\u0161t\u011b je zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 spjat s pec\u00ed a prahem domu.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duch: Net\u011blesn\u00e1 nebo polovi\u010dn\u00ed entita, zesnul\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed bytosti, dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchov\u00e9 nebo str\u00e1\u017eci prahu. P\u016fsob\u00ed v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b, \u010dasto v\u00e1z\u00e1n na m\u00edsto nebo rodinu.\">Duch<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145143\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Slovansk\u00e1 mytologie a lidov\u00e1 v\u00edra, od 10. stolet\u00ed p\u0159ekryta k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00edm.\">Slovansk\u00e1<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_domovoi-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-147578\" alt=\"Domovoj - duchov\u00e9 ze slovansk\u00e9 tradice, historicko-ilustrativn\u00ed\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_domovoi-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_domovoi-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_domovoi-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_domovoi.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Domovoj<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoj je zobrazov\u00e1n jako star\u00fd, ochlupen\u00fd mu\u017e, kter\u00fd nevidom\u011b \u017eije v dom\u011b a dohl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed na blahobyt, dobytek a rodinu. M\u016f\u017ee d\u00e1vat u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 varov\u00e1n\u00ed (no\u010dn\u00ed klep\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010d\u00edm), pe\u010dovat o dobytek nebo ho sabotovat.<\/p><p>Na rozd\u00edl od zl\u00fdch d\u00e9mon\u016f je Domovoj v\u011brn\u00fd dom\u00e1c\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, kter\u00e9 je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span>: kdo ho respektuje a \u017eiv\u00ed, z\u00edsk\u00e1 jeho ochranu; kdo ho uraz\u00ed, utrp\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty. Jeho povaha je paternalistick\u00e1 a konzervativn\u00ed, d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost po\u0159\u00e1dku, mor\u00e1lce a respektu. Domovoj lze ch\u00e1pat jako zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00ed samotn\u00e9ho domu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kr\u00e1tk\u00fd profil: Domovoj<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoj je dob\u0159e zdokumentov\u00e1n ve sb\u00edrk\u00e1ch slovansk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1van\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 kultura se zvyky, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edmi a p\u00edsn\u011bmi.\" tabindex=\"0\">folkl\u00f3ru<\/span> (Afanasjev, Maximov, S\u00e9chan), stejn\u011b jako v etnografick\u00fdch studi\u00edch 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed. Jeho v\u00fdskyt je panslovansk\u00fd: Rusko, Ukrajina, Srbsko, Polsko.<\/p><p>Liter\u00e1rn\u00ed zm\u00ednky se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v rusk\u00fdch pov\u00eddk\u00e1ch a poh\u00e1dk\u00e1ch (nap\u0159. v d\u00edlech Pu\u0161kina). Nora Chadwick a Linda J. Ivanits dokumentuj\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed Domovoje a\u017e do sou\u010dasnosti. Na rozd\u00edl od c\u00edrkevn\u00edch svat\u00fdch je Domovoj p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165anskou entitou v lidov\u00e9 praxi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoj je zmi\u0148ov\u00e1n ve slovansk\u00fdch lidov\u00fdch tradic\u00edch od 10. stolet\u00ed, mnohem soustavn\u011bji ne\u017e velc\u00ed bohov\u00e9 v p\u00edsemn\u00fdch pramenech.<\/p><p>Jeho kontinuita je pozoruhodn\u00e1: je\u0161t\u011b ve 20. stolet\u00ed se \u017eeny k Domovojovi modlily, a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch vesnic\u00edch se to d\u011bje i dnes. Jeho ko\u0159eny le\u017e\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v indoevropsk\u00fdch tradic\u00edch dom\u00e1c\u00edch duch\u016f, ale pr\u00e1v\u011b u Slovan\u016f se vyvinuly do soudr\u017en\u00e9 praxe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoj byl univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed v cel\u00e9m slovansk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, od Kyjeva po Novgorod, od selsk\u00fdch chalup a\u017e po kn\u00ed\u017eec\u00ed pal\u00e1ce. Ka\u017ed\u00fd d\u016fm m\u011bl sv\u00e9ho, a ka\u017ed\u00e1 rodina si s n\u00edm p\u011bstovala vlastn\u00ed vztah. P\u0159edstava nebyla region\u00e1ln\u011b rozd\u00edln\u00e1, ale p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b jednotn\u00e1 na velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti: v\u0161ude stejn\u00fd dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch se stejn\u00fdmi n\u00e1roky.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>P\u00edsemn\u00e9 prameny jsou fragment\u00e1rn\u00ed (zm\u00ednky v kronik\u00e1ch, polemik\u00e1ch k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch duchovn\u00edch), ale lidov\u00e1 tradice je souvisl\u00e1 a \u017eiv\u00e1. Etnografick\u00e9 sb\u00edrky z 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed dokumentuj\u00ed praktiky spojen\u00e9 s Domovojem ve velk\u00e9m detailu. Archeologick\u00e9 doklady jsou nepatrn\u00e9, ale mezi slavisty panuje shoda, \u017ee tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, kter\u00e9 je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> byl starobylou a centr\u00e1ln\u00ed postavou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no a varianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoj je zobrazov\u00e1n jako starobyl\u00e1, siln\u00e1 bytost, \u010dasto s planouc\u00edma o\u010dima, dlouh\u00fdmi b\u00edl\u00fdmi nebo zrzav\u00fdmi vlasy a hust\u00fdm vousem. N\u011bkdy se vzn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nad ohn\u011bm v ohni\u0161ti, jindy sed\u00ed nevidom\u011b v kout\u011b domu.<\/p><p>Ve snech se objevuje \u010dasto lid\u0161t\u011bji, n\u011bkdy jako zv\u00ed\u0159e (ko\u010dka, pes) nebo jako \u010dir\u00fd proud energie. Svat\u00fdm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, kter\u00fd z\u00e1stupn\u011b stoj\u00ed za n\u011bjakou p\u0159edstavou nebo v\u00fdznam.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbolem<\/span> je samotn\u00fd ohe\u0148 v ohni\u0161ti, m\u00edsto, kde Domovoj s\u00eddl\u00ed a je nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Jeho p\u0159\u00edtomnost se pozn\u00e1 podle drobn\u00fdch pohyb\u016f: klep\u00e1n\u00ed v noci, tepl\u00fd vzduch, pocit pozorn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Povahov\u00e9 rysy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoj byl str\u00e1\u017ecem a garantem blahobytu dom\u00e1cnosti. Do kuchyn\u011b se pro n\u011bj stav\u011blo ml\u00e9ko a chl\u00e9b, kter\u00e9 r\u00e1no b\u00fdvaly \u010dasto pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9, co\u017e bylo pokl\u00e1d\u00e1no za dobr\u00e9 znamen\u00ed. Varoval p\u0159ed po\u017e\u00e1rem no\u010dn\u00edmi plameny, kter\u00e9 s\u00e1m zapaloval d\u0159\u00edv, ne\u017e p\u0159i\u0161la skute\u010dn\u00e1 katastrofa.<\/p><p>Ostr\u00fdm pohledem ho bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 spat\u0159it, a kdo ho zahl\u00e9dl, vid\u011bl \u010dasto vousatou tv\u00e1\u0159 s planouc\u00edma o\u010dima. Nov\u00e9 domy vy\u017eadovaly slavnostn\u00ed vysv\u011bcen\u00ed domu: hospod\u00e1\u0159 Domovoje p\u0159ivolal a nab\u00eddl mu m\u00edsto u ohni\u0161t\u011b.<\/p><p>Kdy\u017e se d\u016fm opou\u0161t\u011bl, Domovoje s sebou brali, n\u011bkdy v podob\u011b uhl\u00edk\u016f z popela, kter\u00e9 p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161eli do nov\u00e9ho domu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Domovoj<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Profil ukazuje Domovoje v \u0161esti rozm\u011brech: jeho p\u016fvod jako prvotn\u00edho dom\u00e1c\u00edho ducha, skupiny jeho uct\u00edva\u010d\u016f (rodiny, hospod\u00e1\u0159e), jeho fyzickou podobu a atributy, jeho ochrann\u00e9 a varovn\u00e9 praktiky, a paralely v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch. Tyto perspektivy odhaluj\u00ed jeho centr\u00e1ln\u00ed roli v slovansk\u00e9m n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu dom\u00e1cnosti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fvod<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoj je v\u00e1z\u00e1n na slovansk\u00fd obytn\u00fd d\u016fm nebo izbu a geograficky je panslovansk\u00fd. Jeho kulturn\u00ed p\u016fvod je praslovansk\u00fd a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b prehistorick\u00fd, proto\u017ee uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edho ducha bylo z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ve v\u0161ech slovansk\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch.<\/p><p>P\u00edsemn\u00e9 prim\u00e1rn\u00ed prameny jsou pozdn\u00ed a \u010dasto k\u0159es\u0165ansko-kritick\u00e9. Z hlediska religionistiky je Domovoj ch\u00e1p\u00e1n jako specializace obecn\u00e9ho uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edk\u016f nebo dom\u00e1c\u00edch duch\u016f, kter\u00e9 nabylo na v\u00fdznamu s upev\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm rodiny a majetku.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Adres\u00e1ti<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoje uct\u00edval prim\u00e1rn\u011b hospod\u00e1\u0159 a hospodyn\u011b, stejn\u011b jako v\u0161ichni \u010dlenov\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostmi byla novostavba nebo p\u0159est\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed (st\u011bhovac\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fd sled symbolick\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm nebo kulturn\u00edm v\u00fdznamem.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1l<\/span>), nemoc v dom\u011b (prosba Domovoje o uzdraven\u00ed), ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed (prosba Domovoje o odpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed) a d\u011bkovn\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly po sklizni.<\/p><p>Uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bylo denn\u00ed a praktick\u00e9: drobn\u00e9 dary j\u00eddla a ml\u00e9ka, respekt k dom\u00e1c\u00edmu klidu, dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010distoty a mravnosti. Hospod\u00e1\u0159 m\u011bl zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed roli prost\u0159edn\u00edka mezi Domovojem a domem.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Forma<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoj je zobrazov\u00e1n jako star\u00fd mu\u017e s dlouh\u00fdm vousem, divok\u00fdmi nebo upraven\u00fdmi vlasy (podle mravn\u00ed \u010distoty dom\u00e1cnosti) a tmav\u00fdm nebo \u010derven\u00fdm od\u011bvem. N\u011bkdy je uk\u00e1z\u00e1n vousat\u00fd jako star\u00fd patriarcha. Jeho velikost je mal\u00e1 a\u017e st\u0159edn\u00ed.<\/p><p>Atributy jsou ohe\u0148 (kamna jako s\u00eddlo domovoje), dom\u00e1c\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, kter\u00fd zastupuje p\u0159edstavu nebo v\u00fdznam.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> nebo \u017eezlo. V rusal\u010d\u00edch a jin\u00fdch lidov\u00fdch poh\u00e1dk\u00e1ch je \u010dasto zobrazov\u00e1n jako otcovsk\u00e1, p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1 postava. Ikonografie je d\u016fstojn\u00e1 a konzervativn\u00ed, ne d\u011bsiv\u00e1 jako u Bannika, ale v\u017edy vzbuzuj\u00edc\u00ed respekt.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fsoben\u00ed domovoje<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Oblast p\u016fsoben\u00ed:<\/strong> <em>Domovoj<\/em> (rusky \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0301\u0439, od slova <em>dom<\/em> \u201ed\u016fm\u201c) je ve v\u00fdchodoslovansk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 v\u00ed\u0159e ochrann\u00fdm duchem domu a rodiny, str\u00e1\u017ecem kamen, dom\u00e1c\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at a sp\u00ed\u017ee. Je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za duchovn\u00ed zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00ed zakladatele rodu a je prostorov\u011b v\u00e1z\u00e1n na d\u016fm a hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p><p>P\u0159i st\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed do nov\u00e9ho domu byl tradi\u010dn\u011b p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en slavnostn\u00edm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fd sled symbolick\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm nebo kulturn\u00edm v\u00fdznamem.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1lem<\/span>: \u017ehav\u00e9 uhl\u00edky ze star\u00fdch kamen se v hrnci nesly do nov\u00e9ho domu, \u010dasto doprov\u00e1zeny vol\u00e1n\u00edm \u201eDomovoj batju\u0161ka, pojdjom s nami!\u201c (\u201eOt\u010de domovoji, poj\u010f s n\u00e1mi!\u201c).<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Etnografie 19. stolet\u00ed (Afanasjev, <em>Poeti\u010deskie vozzrenija slavjan na prirodu<\/em>, 1865-69) dokumentuje diferencovanou hierarchii: <em>dvorovoj<\/em> (duch dvora), <em>ovinnik<\/em> (duch stodoly), <em>bannik<\/em> (duch <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">l\u00e1zn\u011b<\/span>) jako p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 specializovan\u00e9 formy. Vl\u00eddn\u00ed domovojov\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed blahobyt, rozzloben\u00ed v noci rachot\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty nebo \u0161kod\u00ed dobytku.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrann\u00e9 prost\u0159edky<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoj je vl\u00eddn\u00fd, ale vy\u017eaduje respekt a mravnost. Uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm denn\u00edch dar\u016f (j\u00eddla, ml\u00e9ka, chleba) u kamen nebo v kout\u011b, zdvo\u0159il\u00e9ho oslovov\u00e1n\u00ed a dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed mor\u00e1lky (v\u011brnost, pracovitost, \u010distota).<\/p><p>Ochrann\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly sest\u00e1valy z modliteb za blahobyt a bezpe\u010d\u00ed. Proti hn\u011bvu domovoje existovaly usmi\u0159ovac\u00ed ritu\u00e1ly, nap\u0159\u00edklad ob\u011btiny a vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. St\u011bhovac\u00ed ritu\u00e1ly byly z\u00e1sadn\u00ed: star\u00fd domovoj musel b\u00fdt pozv\u00e1n, aby se p\u0159est\u011bhoval do nov\u00e9ho domu spolu s rodinou. Uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bylo ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed syst\u00e9mu hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, nikoli volitelnou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralely domovoje<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Srovnateln\u00ed jsou dal\u0161\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchov\u00e9: germ\u00e1nsk\u00fd kobold nebo dom\u00e1c\u00ed trpasl\u00edk (dom\u00e1c\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> s otcovskou rol\u00ed), \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd Lares Familiares (rodinn\u00fd ochrann\u00fd duch), japonsk\u00fd Kamado-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V japonsk\u00e9m \u0161intoismu uct\u00edvan\u00e9 duchovn\u00ed bytosti a bo\u017esk\u00e9 s\u00edly.\" tabindex=\"0\">kami<\/span> (b\u016fh kamen) a baltsk\u00fd Kaukas (dom\u00e1c\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span>). V\u0161em je spole\u010dn\u00e1 vazba na d\u016fm, o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed respektu a p\u00e9\u010de a dobrotiv\u00e1 povaha p\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Domovoj, paralely v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Domovoj odpov\u00edd\u00e1 \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9mu Lar familiaris (dom\u00e1c\u00edmu duchu), germ\u00e1nsk\u00e9mu dom\u00e1c\u00edmu bohu (m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu) a vzd\u00e1len\u011b japonsk\u00e9mu Kodamovi (duchu stromu) a dal\u0161\u00edm tradic\u00edm dom\u00e1c\u00edch duch\u016f po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Univerz\u00e1lnost t\u00e9to postavy, neviditeln\u00e9ho ochr\u00e1nce domu, sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o archetyp\u00e1ln\u00ed hloubce.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u017didovsk\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> V judaismu neexistuje p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 obdoba domovoje. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u017didovsk\u00e1 mystika s hlavn\u00edmi d\u00edly Sefer Jecira, Zohar a lurianskou \u0161kolou.\">kabala<\/span> zn\u00e1zor\u0148uje ochrann\u00e9 duchy m\u00edst, a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Hlavn\u00ed d\u00edlo rab\u00ednsk\u00e9ho judaismu, v babylonsk\u00e9 a jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00e9 verzi; obsahuje Mi\u0161nu a Gemaru.\">Talmud<\/span> zmi\u0148uje ob\u010das dobr\u00e9 d\u00e9mony chr\u00e1n\u00edc\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti. Ty jsou v\u0161ak m\u00e9n\u011b personifikovan\u00e9 a m\u00e9n\u011b centr\u00e1ln\u00ed ne\u017e domovoj. \u017didovsk\u00e1 dom\u00e1cnost stoj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pod p\u0159\u00edmou po\u017eehn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed moc\u00ed Boha, nikoli pod postavou <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">ducha<\/span>.<\/p><p><strong>\u0158ecko-\u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd sv\u011bt:<\/strong> \u0158\u00edmsk\u00fd Lar nebo Lares Familiares se domovoji velmi podobaj\u00ed: ochrann\u00ed duchov\u00e9 rodiny, uct\u00edvan\u00ed denn\u00edmi ritu\u00e1ly, s o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm respektu a j\u00eddeln\u00edch <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar bo\u017estvu na vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed d\u00edk\u016f, prosby nebo uct\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">ob\u011btin<\/span>. Rozd\u00edl je ve form\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed institucionalizaci v \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9m n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Lares byli uct\u00edv\u00e1ni i ve\u0159ejn\u011b, zat\u00edmco domovoj je prim\u00e1rn\u011b soukrom\u011b-dom\u00e1c\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>Mezopot\u00e1mie:<\/strong> Akkadsk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span> zn\u00e1 dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchy (udug), ale m\u00e9n\u011b rozpracovan\u00e9 ne\u017e domovoj. Mezopot\u00e1msk\u00e9 dom\u00e1c\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed bylo m\u00e9n\u011b personifikov\u00e1no na jmenovan\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">ducha<\/span>. Siln\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00ed paralely chyb\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>Indie\/Asie:<\/strong> V hinduismu jsou devata (m\u00edstn\u00ed bo\u017estva) dom\u016f a dvor\u016f podobn\u00e9 domovoji. Japonsk\u00fd Ujigami (b\u016fh p\u0159edk\u016f) a \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd dom\u00e1c\u00ed b\u016fh (Zao-Jun, b\u016fh kamen) se domovoji podobaj\u00ed svou rol\u00ed otcovsko-ochrann\u00e9ho dom\u00e1c\u00edho ducha. V\u0161ichni o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed denn\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a nab\u00edzej\u00ed blahobyt na opl\u00e1tku za respekt.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6176328 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp6176328\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp31f86fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp31f86fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch v hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 struktu\u0159e selsk\u00e9ho statku<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp896946a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp896946a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe742ac8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpe742ac8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Domovoj<\/em>, jeho\u017e jm\u00e9no je odvozeno ze starov\u00fdchodoslovansk\u00e9ho slova pro d\u016fm (<em>dom<\/em>), lze pochopit jen tehdy, ch\u00e1peme-li selsk\u00fd dv\u016fr jako hospod\u00e1\u0159skou a n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou jednotku.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e se p\u0159isuzuje p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">Duch<\/span> nebyl ch\u00e1p\u00e1n jen jako pouh\u00fd obyvatel domu, ale jako neviditeln\u00fd spoluhospod\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd dohl\u00ed\u017eel na dobytek, z\u00e1soby a prosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed rodiny. Rusk\u00e9 etnografick\u00e9 z\u00e1pisy z devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 sb\u00edrky vznikl\u00e9 v okol\u00ed Rusk\u00e9 geografick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, popisuj\u00ed domovoje v\u017edy jako bytost v\u00e1zanou na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed dv\u016fr.<\/p><p>Jeho odpov\u011bdnost se vztahovala p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na chl\u00e9v. Dob\u0159e opatrovan\u00fd domovoj pe\u010doval o dobytek, kon\u00edm v noci pletl h\u0159\u00edvy a staral se o to, aby byla zv\u00ed\u0159ata vykrmen\u00e1.<\/p><p>Rozzloben\u00fd dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch naopak dobytek tr\u00fdznil, je\u017edil na kon\u00edch a\u017e k vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed nebo zp\u016fsoboval, \u017ee zv\u00ed\u0159ata churav\u011bla. Sedl\u00e1ci si zpocen\u00e9 kon\u011b po r\u00e1nu nebo zplihl\u00e9 h\u0159\u00edvy vysv\u011btlovali p\u016fsoben\u00edm ducha. Do jeho pravomoci pat\u0159ila i s\u00fdpka a mlat.<\/p><p>Zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 je p\u0159edstava, \u017ee domovoj mohl m\u00edt obl\u00edbenou barvu dobytka. Pokud barva nov\u011b po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at neodpov\u00eddala jeho vkusu, zv\u00ed\u0159ata neprosp\u00edvala a sedl\u00e1k ud\u011blal dob\u0159e, kdy\u017e je vym\u011bnil.<\/p><p>Tato <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159enos znalost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed mezi generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span> ukazuje, \u017ee dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch byl ch\u00e1p\u00e1n jako samostatn\u00e1 osobnost s vlastn\u00edmi rozmary a vkusem, nikoli jako abstraktn\u00ed ochrann\u00e1 s\u00edla.<\/p><p>Pevn\u00e9 pouto k dvoru m\u011blo i spole\u010denskou funkci. Zakotvovalo hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd osud rodiny v mravn\u00edm \u0159\u00e1du: pracovitost, \u010distota a respekt k <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e se p\u0159isuzuje p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duchu<\/span> byly odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1ny, nedbalost trest\u00e1na. Domovoj tak byl i n\u00e1strojem sebekontroly, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165oval spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9151d45 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9151d45\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp715fe31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp715fe31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">St\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edho ducha a ritu\u00e1ly p\u0159i zm\u011bn\u011b obydl\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp37cc458 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp37cc458\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpea60ffc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpea60ffc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Proto\u017ee byl domovoj v\u00e1z\u00e1n na d\u016fm a rodinu, p\u0159edstavovalo st\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed citlivou situaci.<\/p><p>Dv\u016fr bez dom\u00e1c\u00edho ducha byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nechr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd a neplodn\u00fd, a proto v\u00fdchodoslovansk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 kultura vyvinula podrobn\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly, jak <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e se p\u0159isuzuje p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">ducha<\/span> vz\u00edt s sebou do nov\u00e9ho obydl\u00ed. Etnografick\u00e1 literatura devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9ho a po\u010d\u00e1tku dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed zaznamenala mnoho region\u00e1ln\u00edch variant t\u011bchto zvyk\u016f.<\/p><p>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdm zvykem bylo form\u00e1ln\u00ed pozv\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159ed opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm star\u00e9ho domu pronesla hospodyn\u011b nebo nejstar\u0161\u00ed mu\u017e v\u00fdzvu adresovanou domovojovi, aby \u0161el s rodinou. \u010casto byl symbolicky p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017een v n\u011bjak\u00e9m p\u0159edm\u011btu.<\/p><p>Roz\u017ehaven\u00e9 uhl\u00edky ze star\u00fdch kamen, kter\u00fdmi se zapalovaly nov\u00e1 kamna, se pova\u017eovaly za obl\u00edben\u00fd prost\u0159edek p\u0159enosu, proto\u017ee kamna byla ch\u00e1p\u00e1na jako obl\u00edben\u00e9 m\u00edsto pobytu ducha. Jako p\u0159epravn\u00ed prost\u0159edek slou\u017eila i star\u00e1 plst\u011bn\u00e1 bota, bochn\u00edk chleba nebo uzl\u00edk s popelem.<\/p><p>P\u0159i st\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed do nov\u00e9ho domu n\u00e1sledovalo p\u0159iv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed. Ne\u017e lid\u00e9 ve\u0161li do obydl\u00ed, nech\u00e1vali \u010dasto nap\u0159ed j\u00edt n\u011bjak\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159e, v mnoha kraj\u00edch ko\u010dku, a znovu k <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e se p\u0159isuzuje p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duchu<\/span> promlouvali, aby se v nov\u00e9m dom\u011b zabydlel. Chl\u00e9b a s\u016fl se ukl\u00e1daly na \u010destn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b. Teprve pot\u00e9 vstoupila rodina do jizby.<\/p><p>Tyto ritu\u00e1ly nebyly pouh\u00fdm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 kultura se zvyky, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edmi a p\u00edsn\u011bmi.\" tabindex=\"0\">folkl\u00f3rem<\/span>, ale ozna\u010dovaly p\u0159echod. Prom\u011b\u0148ovaly pr\u00e1zdnou budovu v obydlen\u00fd d\u016fm s vlastn\u00edm mravn\u00edm a ochrann\u00fdm \u0159\u00e1dem.<\/p><p>Badatel Eduard Pomeranceva a dal\u0161\u00ed sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed etnografov\u00e9 upozornili, \u017ee tento st\u011bhovac\u00ed zvyk p\u0159e\u017e\u00edval obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b hou\u017eevnat\u011b, proto\u017ee napl\u0148oval praktickou pot\u0159ebu, toti\u017e zvl\u00e1dnout strach z nechr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9ho nov\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku. Poz\u016fstatky takov\u00fdch zvyk\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad ko\u010dka jako prvn\u00ed obyvatel domu, se zachovaly a\u017e do dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpea270fa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpea270fa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1e6fe38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp1e6fe38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch jako v\u011b\u0161tec znamen\u00ed a jeho vztah ke smrti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp06f6698 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp06f6698\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9cff543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp9cff543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>D\u016fle\u017eitou a \u010dasto p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eenou funkc\u00ed domovoje byla role v\u011bstitele znamen\u00ed. Ve v\u00fdchodoslovansk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159enos znalost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed mezi generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici<\/span> dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch p\u0159edj\u00edmal budouc\u00ed ud\u00e1losti, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm smrt \u010dlena rodiny, bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se svatbu nebo ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed hroz\u00edc\u00ed dvoru. Tato role z n\u011bj d\u011bl\u00e1 v\u00edc ne\u017e hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho ducha, byl spojovac\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nkem mezi rodinou a jej\u00edm osudem.<\/p><p>Nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm znamen\u00edm byl no\u010dn\u00ed tlak. Kdo ve sp\u00e1nku poc\u00edtil t\u00edhu na hrudi, v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee na n\u011bm sed\u00ed domovoj. Tiskl-li teplou nebo m\u011bkkou rukou, znamenalo to dobro, byl-li dotek chladn\u00fd nebo drsn\u00fd, hrozilo ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed.<\/p><p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 prameny uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee v tuto chv\u00edli bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e se p\u0159isuzuje p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">ducha<\/span> zeptat, zda to, co p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed, je dobr\u00e9, nebo zl\u00e9. Za p\u0159edzv\u011bst smrti se pova\u017eovalo i no\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1\u010d, st\u00e9n\u00e1n\u00ed nebo klep\u00e1n\u00ed domovoje. Pokud vyl, \u010dekalo se \u00famrt\u00ed, pokud se sm\u00e1l nebo si hr\u00e1l, ohla\u0161ovala se radost.<\/p><p>Tato funkce v\u011b\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odkazuje na \u00fazkou souvislost mezi dom\u00e1c\u00edm duchem a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u0159el\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f rodiny jako trvale p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edch ochrann\u00fdch moc\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultem p\u0159edk\u016f<\/span>. Mnoz\u00ed badatel\u00e9, mezi nimi v\u00fdznamn\u00fd rusk\u00fd etnograf Dmitrij Zelenin ve sv\u00e9m vlivn\u00e9m d\u00edle o v\u00fdchodoslovansk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bda zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se ka\u017edodenn\u00ed kulturou, zvyky a tradovan\u00fdmi p\u0159edstavami.\" tabindex=\"0\">etnografii<\/span>, spat\u0159ovali v domovoji p\u016fvodn\u011b zbo\u017e\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho praotce nebo prvn\u00edho obyvatele dvora, kter\u00fd se po smrti stal ochrann\u00fdm duchem sv\u00fdch potomk\u016f.<\/p><p>Spojen\u00ed s kamny, ob\u0159adn\u00edm st\u0159edem domu, a zvyk p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et mu ob\u011btiny z j\u00eddla se podobaj\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edk\u016f.<\/p><p>Z tohoto v\u00fdkladu se vysv\u011btluje dvoj\u00ed povaha ducha. Je ochranitelem a z\u00e1rove\u0148 tajemn\u00fd, d\u016fv\u011brn\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00fd a p\u0159ece ciz\u00ed.<\/p><p>Jako zem\u0159el\u00fd, kter\u00fd z\u016fstal v dom\u011b, pat\u0159\u00ed st\u00e1le k rodin\u011b, a p\u0159ece v\u00ed o v\u011bcech, kter\u00e9 jsou \u017eiv\u00fdm skryty. Domovoj tak byl dom\u00e1c\u00ed podobou mnohem star\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavy, \u017ee zesnul\u00ed dohl\u00ed\u017eej\u00ed na \u017eiv\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpab29cf3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpab29cf3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp127bac5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp127bac5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Podoby a z\u00e1kaz vid\u011bt dom\u00e1c\u00edho ducha<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpac3e67b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpac3e67b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3ec5884 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp3ec5884\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Na rozd\u00edl od mnoha jin\u00fdch slovansk\u00fdch duchovn\u00edch bytost\u00ed nem\u011bl domovoj pevn\u011b danou podobu. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00dastn\u00ed tradice<\/span> jej nej\u010dast\u011bji popisuje jako mal\u00e9ho, star\u00e9ho mu\u017ee, \u010dasto po cel\u00e9m t\u011ble chlupat\u00e9ho, s dlouh\u00fdm vousem, oble\u010den\u00e9ho jako sedl\u00e1k.<\/p><p>\u010casto se n\u00e1padn\u011b podobal sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu nebo zesnul\u00e9mu hospod\u00e1\u0159i, co\u017e podporuje v\u00fdklad domovoje jako duchovn\u00edho p\u0159edka. V jin\u00fdch oblastech se zjevoval jako zv\u00ed\u0159e, ko\u010dka, pes, had nebo lasi\u010dka, jinde jako st\u00edn, z\u00e1\u0159e sv\u011btla nebo prost\u011b jen poci\u0165ovan\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost.<\/p><p>Kolem jeho vzhledu panovalo roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 tabu. Spat\u0159it domovoje na vlastn\u00ed o\u010di platilo na mnoha m\u00edstech za zlov\u011bstn\u00e9 a mohlo v\u011b\u0161tit smrt.<\/p><p>Kdo ho p\u0159esto cht\u011bl zahl\u00e9dnout, musel podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch pod\u00e1n\u00ed postupovat tajn\u011b a dodr\u017eovat ur\u010dit\u00e1 pravidla, nap\u0159\u00edklad se d\u00edvat skrz ko\u0148sk\u00fd chomout nebo j\u00edt do st\u00e1je v ur\u010dit\u00fdch dnech c\u00edrkevn\u00edho roku. Tyto zvyklosti ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee domovoj byl ch\u00e1p\u00e1n jako re\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span>, jeho\u017e p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed se v\u0161ak z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b br\u00e1nilo.<\/p><p>Jeho obydl\u00ed se li\u0161ilo podle kraje. Nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byla p\u0159edstava, \u017ee \u017eije za pec\u00ed nebo pod n\u00ed, tedy u tepl\u00e9ho srdce domu. Jin\u00e1 pod\u00e1n\u00ed jej usazovala pod prahem dve\u0159\u00ed, ve st\u00e1ji, na p\u016fd\u011b nebo ve sklep\u011b.<\/p><p>Tam, kde <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> s\u00eddlil ve st\u00e1ji, nesl n\u011bkdy vlastn\u00ed jm\u00e9no, nap\u0159\u00edklad jako dvorn\u00ed duch, co\u017e vedlo k ot\u00e1zce, zda jde o t\u00e9ho\u017e ducha, nebo o ducha p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9ho.<\/p><p>Jazykov\u011b se \u00facta a b\u00e1ze\u0148 p\u0159ed touto bytost\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed ve mno\u017estv\u00ed opisn\u00fdch pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed. M\u00edsto p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho ozna\u010den\u00ed se o n\u011bm mluvilo jako o d\u011bde\u010dkovi, hospod\u00e1\u0159i, dobrodinci nebo prost\u011b jako o N\u011bm sam\u00e9m.<\/p><p>Toto vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu jm\u00e9nu je celoevropsk\u00fdm vzorcem v zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s duchy a zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee domovoj byl i p\u0159es svou ochranitelskou roli moc\u00ed, k n\u00ed\u017e se p\u0159istupovalo s opatrnost\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfc4960d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpfc4960d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3b5e399 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp3b5e399\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch v rusk\u00e9 literatu\u0159e a v modern\u00edm pov\u011bdom\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5e28c09 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp5e28c09\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6e2b3a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp6e2b3a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Se z\u00e1jmem romantismu o lidovou slovesnost vstoupil domovoj z venkovsk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed do p\u00edsemn\u00e9 literatury. Ji\u017e ru\u0161t\u00ed b\u00e1sn\u00edci z po\u010d\u00e1tku devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed se t\u00e9to postavy chopili.<\/p><p>Alexandr Pu\u0161kin napsal kr\u00e1tkou b\u00e1se\u0148 s <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prosebn\u00e9 nebo zakl\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed osloven\u00ed bo\u017estva nebo moci.\" tabindex=\"0\">invokac\u00ed<\/span> dom\u00e1c\u00edho ducha, v n\u00ed\u017e ho oslovuje jako ochr\u00e1nce d\u016fv\u011brn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho m\u00edsta. Domovoj se tak stal liter\u00e1rn\u00edm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u00fdrazn\u00fd obraz, kter\u00fd zastupuje abstraktn\u00ed my\u0161lenku.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbolem<\/span> domova, bezpe\u010d\u00ed a vazby k m\u00edstu.<\/p><p>Velc\u00ed sb\u011bratel\u00e9 devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed zachr\u00e1nili \u00fastn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici<\/span>. Alexandr Afanasjev zahrnul do sv\u00fdch prac\u00ed o slovansk\u00e9m naz\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edrodu \u010detn\u00e1 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o dom\u00e1c\u00edm duchu, a pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed etnografov\u00e9 jako Zelenin a Pomerancevov\u00e1 materi\u00e1l v\u011bdecky uspo\u0159\u00e1dali.<\/p><p>Tyto sb\u00edrky jsou dodnes z\u00e1kladem ka\u017ed\u00e9ho v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to postavy, proto\u017ee zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed rozmanitost d\u0159\u00edv, ne\u017e industrializace a sov\u011btsk\u00e1 modernizace prom\u011bnily venkovsk\u00fd sv\u011bt.<\/p><p>Ve dvac\u00e1t\u00e9m stolet\u00ed v\u00edra v domovoje ztratila sv\u016fj hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd z\u00e1klad, selsk\u00fd dv\u016fr s pec\u00ed a st\u00e1j\u00ed pro v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed zanikl.<\/p><p>Postava p\u0159esto p\u0159e\u017eila, nyn\u00ed jako sou\u010d\u00e1st d\u011btsk\u00e9 kultury, animovan\u00fdch film\u016f a popul\u00e1rn\u00ed fantastiky. V mnoha sov\u011btsk\u00fdch a rusk\u00fdch animovan\u00fdch filmech a d\u011btsk\u00fdch knih\u00e1ch vystupuje domovoj jako laskav\u00fd, o n\u011bco drsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mal\u00fd obyvatel domu.<\/p><p>Zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 je st\u00e1lost drobn\u00fdch v\u0161edn\u00edch zvyk\u016f. I tam, kde u\u017e nikdo nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed ve skute\u010dn\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, jej\u00ed\u017e p\u016fsoben\u00ed se projevuje ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">ducha<\/span>, se v ruskojazy\u010dn\u00fdch oblastech udr\u017eel zvyk pustit p\u0159i st\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed do nov\u00e9ho bytu nejprve ko\u010dku nebo p\u0159\u00e1telsky promluvit k neviditeln\u00e9mu hospod\u00e1\u0159i.<\/p><p>Takov\u00e9 zbytky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee domovoj p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b jako p\u0159edm\u011bt v\u00edry a v\u00edce jako kulturn\u00ed gesto, v\u00fdraz p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed, aby domov byl v\u00edc ne\u017e pouh\u00fd prostor.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145389\">Bannik, duch l\u00e1zn\u011b, zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed domovoj<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145165\">Kikimora, \u017eensk\u00fd dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145619\">Le\u0161\u00ed, lesn\u00ed duch mimo d\u016fm<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145143\">Slovansk\u00e1 tradice, celkov\u00fd kontext<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Odborn\u00e1 literatura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Iwanits, Linda J.: <em>Russian Folk Belief<\/em>. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk 1989.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Hubbs, Joanna: <em>Mother Russia: The Feminine Myth in Russian Culture<\/em>. Indiana UP, Bloomington 1988.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Afanasjew, Aleksandr N.: <em>Poeti\u010deskie vozzrenija slavjan na prirodu<\/em>. 3 Bde. Moskau 1865-69.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Tokarev, Sergej A.: <em>Religioznye verovanija vosto\u010dnoslavjanskich narodov XIX, na\u010dala XX v.<\/em>. Moskau 1957.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Warner, Elizabeth: <em>Russian Myths<\/em>. British Museum Press, London 2002.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1648,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Domovoj","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Domovoj \u2013 slovansk\u00fd dom\u00e1c\u00ed duch a str\u00e1\u017ece ohni\u0161t\u011b","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Domovoj, str\u00e1\u017ece ohni\u0161t\u011b a nevidom\u00fd obyvatel slovansk\u00fdch dom\u016f. 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