{"id":145381,"date":"2026-09-03T16:29:45","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:29:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145381"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:54:27","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:54:27","slug":"zombi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/zombi\/","title":{"rendered":"Zombi"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145381\" class=\"elementor elementor-145381 elementor-2171 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zombi, duch haitsk\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zombi je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> haitsk\u00e9 tradice.<\/p><p><strong>T\u011blo bez du\u0161e, \u017eiv\u00fd hrob.<\/strong><\/p><p>Zombi je v haitsk\u00e9m <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1van\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 kultura se zvyky, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edmi a p\u00edsn\u011bmi.\" tabindex=\"0\">folkloru<\/span> mrtv\u00fd zbaven\u00fd du\u0161e.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duch: Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 nebo polovi\u010dn\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, zesnul\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed bytosti, dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchov\u00e9 nebo str\u00e1\u017eci prah\u016f. P\u016fsob\u00ed v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b, \u010dasto v\u00e1z\u00e1n na m\u00edsta nebo rodiny.\">Duch<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145392\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Haitsko-z\u00e1padoafrick\u00e1 vodou tradice s bytostmi lwa, n\u00e1bo\u017eensko-historicky se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila ze z\u00e1padn\u00ed Afriky do Karibiku.\">Vodou<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly 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8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_vodou_zombi-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1771\" alt=\"Zombi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_vodou_zombi-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_vodou_zombi-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_vodou_zombi-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_vodou_zombi.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zombi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159ehled: Zombi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Vodou stra\u0161ideln\u00e1 postava: mrtv\u00fd zbaven\u00fd du\u0161e, o\u017eiven\u00fd bokorem<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn boh\u016f n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">Panteon<\/span>: vodou (Haiti), nikoli lwa, ale <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar bo\u017estvu vyjad\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edky, prosbu nebo \u00factu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ob\u011b\u0165<\/span> \u010dernomagick\u00e9 praxe<br>Funkce: bezvoln\u00fd sluha bokora (v tradi\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159edstav\u011b); varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed spole\u010densk\u00fdm otroctv\u00edm<br>Hlavn\u00ed atributy: pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 o\u010di, mechanick\u00e9 pohyby, vzp\u0159\u00edmen\u00e9 dr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bla, bez v\u00fdrazu<br>Hlavn\u00ed kultovn\u00ed m\u00edsta: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1, zombi je stra\u0161ideln\u00e1 postava lidov\u00e9 tradice, nikoli kultovn\u00ed objekt<br>Z\u00e1padn\u00ed popkulturn\u00ed adaptace: siln\u011b zkreslen\u00e1 (hollywoodsk\u00fd &bdquo;zombie&ldquo; od 1968)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>P\u0159edstava zombi na Haiti m\u00e1 z\u00e1padoafrick\u00e9 ko\u0159eny (kongo-\/kongo-jorubsk\u00e1 tradice). Ve sv\u00e9 rozvinut\u00e9 podob\u011b vznik\u00e1 v koloni\u00e1ln\u00edm Saint-Domingue jako reakce na otroctv\u00ed, <em>zombi<\/em> je krajn\u00ed forma otroka, jemu\u017e byla odebr\u00e1na v\u016fle.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Etnografick\u00e9 zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v 19. stolet\u00ed; v\u011bdeck\u00e1 pozornost p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed od 80. let 20. stolet\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky kontroverzn\u00ed studii Wade Davise <em>The Serpent and the Rainbow<\/em> (1985), kter\u00e1 zpopularizovala tetrodotoxinovou hypot\u00e9zu.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o zombi jsou p\u0159\u00edtomna v ka\u017ed\u00e9m venkovsk\u00e9m regionu Haiti jako varovn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy p\u0159ed bokory (\u010dernomagick\u00fdmi vodou praktikanty) a jako spole\u010densk\u00e9 memento. Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy o zku\u0161enosti se zombi jsou vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 a obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9; n\u011bkolik dokumentovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f (Cl\u00e9rvius Narcisse, 1962) z\u00edskalo akademickou pozornost. V popkultu\u0159e je fenom\u00e9n roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, ale jen m\u00e1lo souvis\u00ed s haitsk\u00fdm p\u016fvodem.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 prameny: Maya Deren, <em>Divine Horsemen<\/em> (zm\u00ednka), Wade Davis, <em>The Serpent and the Rainbow<\/em> (1985, populisticky p\u0159ehnan\u00e1, v\u011bdecky sporn\u00e1), Davisova pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed <em>Passage of Darkness<\/em> (1988, kriti\u010dt\u011bji reflektovan\u00e1), Hans-Ulrich Sch\u00e4cht, <em>Zombi-Komplex<\/em>. N\u00e1bo\u017eensko-historicky: M\u00e9traux, <em>Le Vaudou ha\u00eftien<\/em>; Hurbon, <em>Voodoo: Search for the Spirit<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no a varianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zombi je zobrazov\u00e1n jako \u017eiv\u00fd, ale vyschl\u00fd, pomal\u00fd, s pr\u00e1zdn\u00fdm pohledem a monot\u00f3nn\u00edm hlasem. Pohyby jsou ztuhl\u00e9, t\u011blo hnij\u00edc\u00ed nebo rozpadaj\u00edc\u00ed se. V popul\u00e1rn\u00edm filmu je zombi maso\u017erav\u00e9 monstrum, ve <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1van\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 kultura se zvyky, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edmi a p\u00edsn\u011bmi.\" tabindex=\"0\">folkloru<\/span> v\u0161ak jde v\u011bt\u0161inou o n\u011bm\u011b poslouchaj\u00edc\u00edho otroka, kter\u00fd bez vlastn\u00ed v\u016fle vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edkazy.<\/p><p>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiky, kter\u00e9 se prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch \u00fakon\u016f nebo formul\u00ed sna\u017e\u00ed ovlivnit b\u011bh v\u011bc\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">magie<\/span>, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 nadp\u0159irozen\u00e1 s\u00edla, pouze t\u011blesn\u00e1 existence bez vnit\u0159n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnosti. Zombi je protikladem \u017eiv\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka, trestem za mor\u00e1ln\u00ed h\u0159\u00edchy nebo nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed za \u017eivota.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Popis<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zombi (haitsko-kreolsky <em>zonbi<\/em>, z kon\u017esk\u00e9ho <em>nzambi<\/em>, \u201e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span>\u201c, \u201eb\u016fh\u201c) je v haitsk\u00e9m vodou \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00e9ho praktika <em>bokora<\/em> (\u010dernokn\u011b\u017en\u00edka) p\u0159em\u011bnila v bezvoln\u00e9ho nemrtv\u00e9ho.<\/p><p>Antropologicky v\u00fdzkum rozli\u0161uje dva typy: <em>zombi cadavre<\/em> (t\u011blesn\u00fd zombi, uveden\u00fd do zd\u00e1nliv\u00e9 smrti sm\u011bs\u00ed tetrodotoxinu a durmanu a znovu \u201evzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00fd\u201c jako otrok) a <em>zombi astral<\/em> (du\u0161evn\u00ed zombi, jeho\u017e du\u0161e <em>ti bon ange<\/em> je odlou\u010dena a uzav\u0159ena v hlin\u011bn\u00e9 n\u00e1dob\u011b).<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Wade Davis zdokumentoval tuto farmakologickou praxi v knize <em>The Serpent and the Rainbow<\/em> (1985), by\u0165 jeho z\u00e1v\u011bry z\u016fstaly sporn\u00e9 (srov. tak\u00e9 M\u00e9traux, <em>Voodoo in Haiti<\/em>; Hurbon).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Zombi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aspekty zombi na prvn\u00ed pohled. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed pole shrnuj\u00ed p\u016fvod, funkci, vzhled, \u201euct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c (ve skute\u010dnosti: vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se), symboly a paralely.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kulturn\u00ed kontext<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V tradi\u010dn\u00ed haitsk\u00e9 p\u0159edstav\u011b je zombi vytvo\u0159en <em>bokorem<\/em> (\u010dernomagick\u00fdm vodou praktikantem): <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar bo\u017estvu vyjad\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edky, prosbu nebo \u00factu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ob\u011b\u0165<\/span> je pomoc\u00ed pr\u00e1\u0161ku (podle Davisovy teorie obsahuj\u00edc\u00edho tetrodotoxin ze \u017elu\u010di ryby fugu) uvedena do zd\u00e1nliv\u00e9 smrti, poh\u0159bena, po n\u011bkolika dnech exhumov\u00e1na a udr\u017eov\u00e1na jako bezvoln\u00fd sluha.<\/p><p>Du\u0161e, <em>ti bon ange<\/em> (mal\u00fd dobr\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrahamovsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 poselsk\u00e1 bytost Boha.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl<\/span>), je p\u0159i tom odd\u011blena od t\u011bla a bokor ji uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 uzav\u0159enou v lahvi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159edm\u011bt p\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Funk\u010dn\u011b je zombi bezvoln\u00fdm d\u011bln\u00edkem, vrcholnou formou otroctv\u00ed. Bokor m\u00e1 k dispozici n\u011bkolik zombi\u016f a nech\u00e1v\u00e1 je pracovat na sv\u00fdch pol\u00edch.<\/p><p>Soci\u00e1ln\u011b-filozoficky je zombi varov\u00e1n\u00edm: osud po smrti m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e smrt samotn\u00e1, pokud \u010dlov\u011bk podlehne moci bokora. V modern\u00ed diskusi je \u010dasto ch\u00e1p\u00e1n jako alegorie oddu\u0161evn\u011bl\u00e9 konzumn\u00ed existence.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Forma<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Huben\u00e1, bezv\u00fdrazn\u00e1 mu\u017esk\u00e1 postava s pr\u00e1zdn\u00fdma o\u010dima (\u010dasto b\u00edle zam\u017een\u00fdma), zpomalen\u00fdmi mechanick\u00fdmi pohyby, rovnou ch\u016fz\u00ed, ve \u0161pinav\u00fdch roztrhan\u00fdch \u0161atech. Barva poko\u017eky b\u00fdv\u00e1 popelav\u011b \u0161ed\u00e1. Nedok\u00e1\u017ee mluvit nebo pouze muml\u00e1. Reaguje pouze na p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edkazy bokora.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>V hollywoodsk\u00e9m zombie od roku 1968 (<em>Night of the Living Dead<\/em>) se tento obraz radik\u00e1ln\u011b zm\u011bnil: krvav\u00ed, maso\u017erav\u00ed, naka\u017eliv\u00ed nemrtv\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed s haitskou tradic\u00ed maj\u00ed jen m\u00e1lo spole\u010dn\u00e9ho.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fsobnost<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Oblast p\u016fsoben\u00ed:<\/strong> Zombi nen\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n, ale je ob\u00e1v\u00e1n a vyh\u00fdb\u00e1 se mu. Ochrann\u00e9 praktiky: s\u016fl v \u00fastech zesnul\u00e9ho (zabra\u0148uje reanimaci, proto\u017ee zombi reaguje na s\u016fl vzpom\u00ednkou), t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 kameny na hrob\u011b (aby bokor nemohl hrob otev\u0159\u00edt), hl\u00eddan\u00fd poh\u0159eb v prvn\u00edch noc\u00edch.<\/p><p>Pokud existuje podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee byl p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd zombifikov\u00e1n, je to rodinn\u00fd skand\u00e1l a zad\u00e1n\u00ed pro <em>houngana<\/em>, aby vr\u00e1til du\u0161i zp\u011bt.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrana<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 o\u010di, mechanick\u00e9 pohyby, popelav\u00e1 k\u016f\u017ee, pr\u00e1\u0161ek (bokor\u016fv pr\u00e1\u0161ek), lahvi\u010dka se zajatou du\u0161\u00ed, s\u016fl (kter\u00e1 ru\u0161\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Magick\u00e9 nebo c\u00edrkevn\u00ed vylou\u010den\u00ed; tak\u00e9 sv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed moci formul\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">klatbu<\/span>), hl\u00edna z hrobu, bokorovi pomocn\u00edci, lopata a r\u00fd\u010d. Svat\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obdoby<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Bokor<\/em> (vod\u00fa, tv\u016frce), <em>Houngan<\/em> (vod\u00fa, kn\u011bz vysvobozen\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edpady zombie). Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed paralely nemrtv\u00fdch: <em>Draugr<\/em> (germ\u00e1nsk\u00fd, o\u017eivl\u00fd mrtv\u00fd, ale p\u0159i v\u011bdom\u00ed), <em>Kuei\/Jiang-shi<\/em> (\u010c\u00edna, sk\u00e1kaj\u00edc\u00ed nemrtv\u00fd), <em>Edimmu<\/em> (Mezopot\u00e1mie, neklidn\u00ed mrtv\u00ed), <em>Wiederg\u00e4nger<\/em> (germ\u00e1nsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 tradice). Funk\u010dn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fd: haitsk\u00fd zombie je zbaven du\u0161e, nikoli odu\u0161evn\u011bl\u00fd.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrann\u00e1 praxe<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ritu\u00e1ly na obranu<\/strong><\/p><p>Podle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy se dal ji\u017e o\u017eiven\u00fd zombi vysvobodit, pokud mu byla d\u00e1na s\u016fl k j\u00eddlu, proto\u017ee si d\u00edky n\u00ed uv\u011bdomil sv\u016fj osud a vr\u00e1til se do hrobu nebo na svobodu. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 bylo tak\u00e9 zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ti bon ange, \u010d\u00e1sti du\u0161e, kterou m\u00e1 bokor uchov\u00e1vat zajatou v n\u00e1dob\u011b: pokud je tato n\u00e1doba zni\u010dena nebo je du\u0161e vysvobozena, moc nad zombim kon\u010d\u00ed. Tyto motivy ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee ochrana ve vod\u00fa v\u017edy sm\u011b\u0159uje k du\u0161i, nikoli pouze k t\u011blu.<\/p><p><strong>Za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>V haitsk\u00e9m vod\u00fa se ochrann\u00e1 praxe nezam\u011b\u0159uje na samotn\u00e9ho zombie, ale na zombifikaci jako \u010din bokora. Tradi\u010dn\u011b se obavy soust\u0159edily zejm\u00e9na na ochranu \u010derstv\u011b zesnul\u00fdch: rodiny hl\u00eddaly hroby, zat\u011b\u017eovaly je kameny nebo poh\u0159b\u00edvaly mrtv\u00e9 v bl\u00edzkosti domu. Etnobotanik Wade Davis v 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed zaznamenal sv\u011bdectv\u00ed, podle nich\u017e byla zombifikace ch\u00e1p\u00e1na jako trestn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed uvnit\u0159 komunity, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se skute\u010dnou prevenc\u00ed staly spole\u010densk\u00e9 normy dobr\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>Amulety a ochrann\u00e9 symboly<\/strong><\/p><p>Z religionistick\u00e9ho hlediska slou\u017eila v\u00edra v zombie na Haiti tak\u00e9 jako n\u00e1stroj spole\u010densk\u00e9 kontroly: kdo poru\u0161il pravidla komunity, musel se b\u00e1t zombifikace jako sankce. Haitsk\u00fd Code P\u00e9nal z roku 1864 dokonce v \u010dl\u00e1nku 246 stanovil trest za uveden\u00ed osoby do stavu podobn\u00e9ho smrti a zach\u00e1zel s t\u00edm pr\u00e1vn\u011b jako s pokusem o zabit\u00ed. Ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed my\u0161lenka ochrany se tak spojila se st\u00e1tn\u00ed normou.<\/p><p><strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factyhodn\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f k bo\u017estvu nebo svat\u00e9 postav\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">Kult<\/span> a uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p><em>Zombi<\/em> nen\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n, ale je ch\u00e1p\u00e1n jako varov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed zneu\u017eit\u00edm moci. Ochrann\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly maj\u00ed chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed p\u0159em\u011bnou v zombie. Boko\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed zombie vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed, jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za mocn\u00e9, ale mor\u00e1ln\u011b zatracen\u00e9. Koncepty zombie se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v ochrann\u00fdch kouzlech a etick\u00fdch diskus\u00edch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zombi a paralely v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Z\u00e1padoafrick\u00e9 ko\u0159eny<\/strong><\/p><p>Koncept zombi se odvozuje od <em>bantusk\u00fdch<\/em> v\u00fdraz\u016f kolem <em>nzambi<\/em> (b\u016fh, p\u0159edek, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span>), kter\u00e9 se s obchodem s otroky v 17.-19. stolet\u00ed dostaly na Haiti. V kongsk\u00e9 tradici ozna\u010duje <em>nzambi a mpungu<\/em> nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho boha. Haitsk\u00fd posun v\u00fdznamu k \u201e\u017eiv\u00e9mu mrtv\u00e9mu\u201c je kreolsko-haitsk\u00e1 inovace, kter\u00e1 se v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m z\u00e1padoafrick\u00e9m prameni nevyskytuje.<\/p><p><strong>Karibsk\u00e9 prot\u011bj\u0161ky<\/strong><\/p><p>P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 koncepty se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v jamajsk\u00e9m obeah (<em>duppy<\/em> jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> mrtv\u00e9ho), v kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9m Palo Mayombe (<em>nfumbe<\/em> jako duchem sv\u00e1zan\u00fd mrtv\u00fd v hrnci <em>nganga<\/em>) a v trinidadsk\u00e9m spiritismu. Otrock\u00e1 ekonomika a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Splynut\u00ed prvk\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kult\u016f do nov\u00fdch sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdch forem, nap\u0159\u00edklad v haitsk\u00e9m vod\u00fa (lwa a katoli\u010dt\u00ed svat\u00ed).\">synkretismus<\/span> s katolick\u00fdm uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm mrtv\u00fdch vytvo\u0159ily spole\u010dn\u00fd karibsk\u00fd koncept mrtv\u00fdch.<\/p><p><strong>Modern\u00ed recepce<\/strong><\/p><p>Haitsk\u00fd zombi se v severoamerick\u00e9 popkultu\u0159e od cestopisu Williama Seabrooka <em>The Magic Island<\/em> (1929) a filmu Victora Halperina <em>White Zombie<\/em> (1932) vyvinul v samostatnou filmovou postavu.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Film George A. Romera <em>Night of the Living Dead<\/em> (1968) vytvo\u0159il modern\u00ed, n\u00e1siln\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o boz\u00edch, po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch a uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtus<\/span> zombie apokalypsy, kter\u00fd s haitsk\u00fdm origin\u00e1lem u\u017e m\u00e1 jen m\u00e1lo spole\u010dn\u00e9ho (srov. Bishop, <em>American Zombie Gothic<\/em>; Boluk\/Lenz, <em>Generation Zombie<\/em>).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6da1fb6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp6da1fb6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp124cc60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp124cc60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fvod pojmu a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 pozad\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbcfaa85 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpbcfaa85\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp234f8a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp234f8a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pojem <em>zombi<\/em> poch\u00e1z\u00ed z haitsk\u00e9 kreol\u0161tiny a s velkou pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed m\u00e1 z\u00e1padoafrick\u00e9 a st\u0159edoafrick\u00e9 ko\u0159eny. \u010casto se odkazuje na slova z kon\u017esk\u00fdch jazyk\u016f, kter\u00e1 souvisej\u00ed s <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1n vliv na sv\u011bt.\" tabindex=\"0\">duchem<\/span>, du\u0161\u00ed nebo zesnul\u00fdmi. P\u0159esn\u00e1 etymologie nen\u00ed ve v\u00fdzkumu jednozna\u010dn\u011b vyjasn\u011bna, africk\u00fd p\u016fvod je v\u0161ak pova\u017eov\u00e1n za prok\u00e1zan\u00fd.<\/p><p>V haitsk\u00e9m vodou je zombi zasazen do p\u0159edstavy o v\u00edced\u00edlnosti du\u0161e. Podle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 nauky m\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk v\u00edce \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed du\u0161e, mimo jin\u00e9 tu, kter\u00e1 se ozna\u010duje jako <em>gwo bon anj<\/em>.<\/p><p>Zombifikace se vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 tak, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bku je takov\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st odebr\u00e1na a dostane se pod ciz\u00ed kontrolu. T\u011blo z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, ale chyb\u00ed vlastn\u00ed v\u016fle.<\/p><p>Haitsk\u00fd zombi se t\u00edm z\u00e1sadn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch popul\u00e1rn\u00edch zobrazen\u00ed. Nejde o vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161enou mrtvolu ani o naka\u017eliv\u00e9 monstrum, ale o \u017eij\u00edc\u00edho \u010dlov\u011bka ve stavu ch\u00e1pan\u00e9m jako nesvoboda. Z v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho hlediska tato p\u0159edstava pat\u0159\u00ed do souvislosti nauky o du\u0161i, smrti a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed kontroly ve <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145392\">vodou<\/a> a je jen t\u011b\u017eko odd\u011bliteln\u00e1 od \u00fakol\u016f <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145382\">bokora<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6ae73a3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp6ae73a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd77a3bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpd77a3bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Davisova teze a jej\u00ed diskuse<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpff9980d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpff9980d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp697908c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp697908c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pozornost si t\u00e9ma z\u00edskalo d\u00edky prac\u00edm etnobotanika Wadea Davise. V knize <em>The Serpent and the Rainbow<\/em> (1985) a jej\u00ed akademick\u00e9 verzi <em>Passage of Darkness<\/em> (1988) Davis zast\u00e1val tezi, \u017ee v n\u011bkter\u00fdch dokumentovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech zombifikace byl pou\u017eit pr\u00e1\u0161ek s nervov\u00fdm jedem tetrodotoxinem.<\/p><p>Tento jed, kter\u00fd se vyskytuje mimo jin\u00e9 v \u010dtverzubc\u00edch, m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat stav zd\u00e1nliv\u00e9 smrti.<\/p><p>Tato teze byla \u0161iroce diskutov\u00e1na a v n\u011bkolika bodech kritizov\u00e1na. Toxikologov\u00e9 upozornili, \u017ee koncentrace nalezen\u00e9 v analyzovan\u00fdch vzorc\u00edch byly velmi rozd\u00edln\u00e9 a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzk\u00e9 na tvrzen\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek.<\/p><p>Jin\u00ed odborn\u00edci zd\u016fraz\u0148ovali metodick\u00e9 slabiny p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. S\u00e1m Davis v\u017edy zd\u016fraz\u0148oval, \u017ee farmakologick\u00e1 slo\u017eka je jen jedn\u00edm z prvk\u016f a rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed faktor spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v soci\u00e1ln\u00edm a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9m v\u00fdkladu.<\/p><p>V t\u00e9to souvislosti se stal zn\u00e1m\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpad Clairviuse Narcisse, mu\u017ee, kter\u00fd se m\u011bl znovu objevit n\u011bkolik let po \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edm prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed za mrtv\u00e9ho. I tento p\u0159\u00edpad je z hlediska pramenn\u00e9 kritiky sporn\u00fd. Lze konstatovat, \u017ee v\u011bda nezn\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd prok\u00e1zan\u00fd mechanismus zombifikace. iWell Guard prezentuje Davisovu tezi jako historicky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9, ale sporn\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 stanovisko, nikoli jako prok\u00e1zan\u00fd fakt.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7c53a38 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp7c53a38\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbc1c66a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpbc1c66a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Od haitsk\u00e9ho zombi k filmov\u00e9mu monstru<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6ca1ee6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp6ca1ee6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe6be875 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpe6be875\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Dnes celosv\u011btov\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 postava zombie jako rozkl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edho se, maso\u017erav\u00e9ho nemrtv\u00e9ho se od haitsk\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy odpoutala a\u017e v pr\u016fb\u011bhu 20. stolet\u00ed. Ran\u00e9 americk\u00e9 filmy jako <em>White Zombie<\/em> (1932) je\u0161t\u011b zombi zobrazovaly v jasn\u00e9 n\u00e1vaznosti na Haiti, byly v\u0161ak siln\u011b formov\u00e1ny koloni\u00e1ln\u00edmi stereotypy. Do centra pozornosti se dostal bezvoln\u00fd d\u011bln\u00edk pod ciz\u00ed kontrolou.<\/span><\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed zlom p\u0159inesl film George A. Romera <em>Night of the Living Dead<\/em> (1968). Romero postavu odpoutal od kontextu vodou, u\u010dinil z n\u00ed anonymn\u00ed masu vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdch mrtv\u00fdch a spojil ji s n\u00e1kazou. Z jednotlivce kontrolovan\u00e9ho bokorem se stala bezejmenn\u00e1 hrozba. Pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed filmy, seri\u00e1ly a hry tento model d\u00e1le rozv\u00edjely.<\/span><\/p><p>Z kulturn\u011bv\u011bdn\u00edho hlediska je tento v\u00fdvoj popisov\u00e1n jako p\u0159\u00edklad odpout\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho motivu od jeho p\u016fvodu. Popkulturn\u00ed zombie dnes slou\u017e\u00ed jako projek\u010dn\u00ed plocha pro velmi rozd\u00edln\u00e9 obavy, nap\u0159\u00edklad z epidemi\u00ed, masov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nebo ztr\u00e1ty kontroly.<\/p><p>Haitsk\u00fd zombi je t\u0159eba od toho odli\u0161ovat. Kdo se zaj\u00edm\u00e1 o n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou v\u00fdchoz\u00ed podobu, m\u011bl by ji ch\u00e1pat odd\u011blen\u011b od filmov\u00e9ho monstra a \u010d\u00edst o n\u00ed v souvislosti s <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145382\">bokorem<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145392\">vodou<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145382\">Bokor, \u010dernomagick\u00fd tv\u016frce<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145380\">Baron Samedi, patron mrtv\u00fdch, bez jeho\u017e svolen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd zombi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145263\">Voodoo kouzlo, p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e1 praktika (souhrnn\u00fd pojem)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145155\">Draugr, germ\u00e1nsk\u00e1 paralela nemrtv\u00e9ho<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145392\">Vodou, p\u0159ehled panteonu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145204\">Duchov\u00e9, p\u0159ehled t\u0159\u00edd<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Odborn\u00e1 literatura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Davis, Wade: <em>Passage of Darkness. The Ethnobiology of the Haitian Zombie<\/em>. Chapel Hill 1988.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Davis, Wade: <em>The Serpent and the Rainbow<\/em>. New York 1985 (popul\u00e1rn\u00ed, akademicky sporn\u00e9).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Sch&auml;cht, Hans-Ulrich: <em>Der Zombi-Komplex<\/em>. Hamburg 2003.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Ackermann, Hans-W. \/ Gauthier, Jeanine: <em>The Ways and Nature of the Zombi<\/em>. In: <em>Journal of American <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1van\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 kultura se zvyky, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edmi a p\u00edsn\u011bmi.\" tabindex=\"0\">Folklore<\/span><\/em> 104 (1991).<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dal\u0161\u00ed standardn\u00ed d\u00edla v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145257\">seznamu literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7aeb366 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7aeb366\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7aa5d87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7aa5d87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o Zombi<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Co je zombi v tradici vod\u00fa?<\/h3><p>Zombi (v pravopisu vod\u00fa, anglicky zombie) je centr\u00e1ln\u00ed postava haitsk\u00e9ho vod\u00fa, nikoli chod\u00edc\u00ed mrtv\u00e9 t\u011blo ve smyslu modern\u00ed popkultury, n\u00fdbr\u017e osoba, kterou bokor (\u010dern\u00fd m\u00e1g) p\u0159ivedl zp\u011bt k \u017eivotu pot\u00e9, co j\u00ed odebral du\u0161i.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Historick\u00e1 v\u00edra v zombie m\u00e1 re\u00e1ln\u00fd z\u00e1klad: teorie pr\u00e1\u0161ku z ryby \u010dtverzubce (fugu) od Wade Davise (1985) popisuje sm\u011bs tetrodotoxinu a psychotropn\u00edch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit zd\u00e1nlivou smrt a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 zotro\u010den\u00ed v\u016fle.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Jak se haitsk\u00fd zombi li\u0161\u00ed od hollywoodsk\u00e9ho zombie?<\/h3><p>Haitsk\u00fd zombi je jednotlivec zotro\u010den\u00fd bokorem, obvykle donucen\u00fd k pr\u00e1ci na pol\u00edch cukrov\u00e9 t\u0159tiny. Nen\u00ed naka\u017eliv\u00fd, nen\u00ed agresivn\u00ed a ne\u017eere maso.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Hollywoodsk\u00fd zombie v tradici George Romera (Night of the Living Dead, 1968) je druhotn\u00fd v\u00fdmysl, kter\u00fd s vod\u00faistick\u00fdm konceptem sd\u00edl\u00ed jen jm\u00e9no. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 vod\u00faistick\u00e1 nauka zn\u00ed: kdo chce zombie osvobodit, mus\u00ed mu d\u00e1t j\u00edst s\u016fl, pot\u00e9 pozn\u00e1, \u017ee zem\u0159el, a m\u016f\u017ee zem\u0159\u00edt.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Co je zombi v tradici vod\u00fa?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Zombi (v pravopisu vod\u00fa, anglicky zombie) je centr\u00e1ln\u00ed postava haitsk\u00e9ho vod\u00fa, nikoli chod\u00edc\u00ed mrtv\u00e9 t\u011blo ve smyslu modern\u00ed popkultury, n\u00fdbr\u017e osoba, kterou bokor (\u010dern\u00fd m\u00e1g) p\u0159ivedl zp\u011bt k \u017eivotu pot\u00e9, co j\u00ed odebral du\u0161i. Historick\u00e1 v\u00edra v zombie m\u00e1 re\u00e1ln\u00fd z\u00e1klad: teorie pr\u00e1\u0161ku z ryby \u010dtverzubce (fugu) od Wade Davise (1985) popisuje sm\u011bs tetrodotoxinu a psychotropn\u00edch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit zd\u00e1nlivou smrt a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 zotro\u010den\u00ed v\u016fle.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Jak se haitsk\u00fd zombi li\u0161\u00ed od hollywoodsk\u00e9ho zombie?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Haitsk\u00fd zombi je jednotlivec zotro\u010den\u00fd bokorem, obvykle donucen\u00fd k pr\u00e1ci na pol\u00edch cukrov\u00e9 t\u0159tiny. Nen\u00ed naka\u017eliv\u00fd, nen\u00ed agresivn\u00ed a ne\u017eere maso. Hollywoodsk\u00fd zombie v tradici George Romera (Night of the Living Dead, 1968) je druhotn\u00fd v\u00fdmysl, kter\u00fd s vod\u00faistick\u00fdm konceptem sd\u00edl\u00ed jen jm\u00e9no. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 vod\u00faistick\u00e1 nauka zn\u00ed: kdo chce zombie osvobodit, mus\u00ed mu d\u00e1t j\u00edst s\u016fl, pot\u00e9 pozn\u00e1, \u017ee zem\u0159el, a m\u016f\u017ee zem\u0159\u00edt.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1771,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Zombi Vodou","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Zombi \u2013 mrtv\u00fd zbaven\u00fd du\u0161e v haitsk\u00e9m vodou","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"T\u011blo bez du\u0161e, magick\u00e9 otroctv\u00ed a tetrodotoxinov\u00e1 hypot\u00e9za v haitsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 tradici a vodou magii.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"vodou","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-145381","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Zombi \u2013 mrtv\u00fd zbaven\u00fd du\u0161e v haitsk\u00e9m vodou<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u011blo bez du\u0161e, magick\u00e9 otroctv\u00ed a tetrodotoxinov\u00e1 hypot\u00e9za v haitsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 tradici a vodou magii.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/zombi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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