{"id":145366,"date":"2026-09-03T16:29:37","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:29:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145366"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:54:03","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:54:03","slug":"jibril","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/jibril\/","title":{"rendered":"Jibril"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145366\" class=\"elementor elementor-145366 elementor-2141 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jibril, b\u016fh isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jibril je archand\u011blsk\u00e1 postava isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1msk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00fd posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl<\/span> zjeven\u00ed Kor\u00e1nu a prost\u0159edn\u00edk mezi All\u00e1hem a proroky. Jeho religionistick\u00fd v\u00fdznam spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00ed bo\u017esk\u00e9ho poselstv\u00ed (wahy), v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m spojen\u00ed mezi transcendenc\u00ed a d\u011bjinami a v kor\u00e1nsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologii<\/span> jako nejd\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nebesk\u00fd posel All\u00e1ha.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bytosti sv\u011btla: osv\u00edcen\u00e9, ochrann\u00e9 nebo u\u010d\u00edc\u00ed bytosti, archand\u011bl\u00e9, mist\u0159i vzestupu, sv\u011bteln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed bytosti. V novodob\u00fdch i star\u0161\u00edch duchovn\u00edch tradic\u00edch popisov\u00e1ny jako pomocn\u00edci a u\u010ditel\u00e9.\">Bytosti sv\u011btla<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145140\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Isl\u00e1msk\u00fd sv\u011bt v\u00edry s archand\u011bly, d\u017einy a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdmi bytostmi.\">Isl\u00e1m<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Archand\u011bl, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda and\u011bl\u016f v \u017eidovsk\u00e9, k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 a isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradici.\">Archand\u011bl<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget 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8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 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24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_islam_jibril-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-147629\" alt=\"Jibril - bohov\u00e9 z isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice, historicky ilustrativn\u00ed\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_islam_jibril-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_islam_jibril-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_islam_jibril-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_islam_jibril.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jibril<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jibril (tak\u00e9 Jabrail) p\u016fsob\u00ed jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1msk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00fd posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl<\/span> zjeven\u00ed a pr\u016fvodce prorok\u016f. Jeho vlastnosti zahrnuj\u00ed v\u011brnost, d\u016fstojnost, bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed bl\u00edzkost k All\u00e1hovu tr\u016fnu a net\u011blesnou \u010distotu.<\/p><p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 m\u00fdty jsou: Jibrilovo p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed Kor\u00e1nu Muhammadovi (s\u00fara 26:193, 194), Jibrilovo zjeven\u00ed prorokovi (17:85 Ruh = Jibril), Jibrilova asistence p\u0159i Muhammadov\u011b nanebevstoupen\u00ed (Isra a Mi&#8217;r\u00e1d\u017e, had\u00eds) a Jibrilovo zv\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed narozen\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e (s\u00fara 19:16, 21).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159ehled: Jibril<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jibril je v Kor\u00e1nu zm\u00edn\u011bn v\u00edcekr\u00e1t (2:97, 98, 16:102, 26:193, 194) a je v\u00fdznamn\u011b zpracov\u00e1n ve sb\u00edrk\u00e1ch had\u00eds\u016f (Bukhari, Muslim, arabsky, 8.\u20139. stolet\u00ed). \u010casov\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed spad\u00e1 do ran\u00e9 isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 periody (7. stolet\u00ed). Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed stav v\u00fdzkumu (Schimmel, Hughes, Wild, McLeod) dokumentuje Jibrila jako centr\u00e1ln\u00edho archand\u011bla kor\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho zjeven\u00ed a mystick\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologie<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontext<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Od nejstar\u0161\u00edch kor\u00e1nsk\u00fdch ver\u0161\u016f a\u017e po dne\u0161ek je Jibril z isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 praxe nemysliteln\u00fd: v\u00edra v and\u011bly pat\u0159\u00ed k \u0161esti \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016fm v\u00edry a Jibril je v n\u00ed jmenovit\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bn na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b. I v sou\u010dasnosti je st\u00e1le \u017eiv\u011b p\u0159\u00edtomen, nap\u0159\u00edklad v takzvan\u00e9m Gabrielov\u011b had\u00edsu, kter\u00fd se dodnes pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako v\u00fdukov\u00fd text o isl\u00e1mu, \u00edm\u00e1nu a ihs\u00e1nu v n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9m vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jibril nebyl omezen na ur\u010dit\u00fd region nebo m\u00edsta, ale byl zn\u00e1m a uct\u00edv\u00e1n nebo s respektem ob\u00e1v\u00e1n v cel\u00e9m isl\u00e1msk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. A\u0165 u\u017e ve velk\u00fdch m\u011bstsk\u00fdch centrech nebo v okrajov\u00fdch venkovsk\u00fdch oblastech, a\u0165 u spole\u010densk\u00e9 elity nebo u prost\u00e9ho lidu, duchovn\u00ed a kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdznam t\u00e9to entity byl uzn\u00e1van\u00fd a univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u0161ude.<\/p><p>Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee je Jibril v Kor\u00e1nu jmenovit\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bn a \u017ee jeho pop\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed je podle s\u00fary 2,97-98 pova\u017eov\u00e1no za nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed v\u016f\u010di Bohu, ukazuje jeho postaven\u00ed v isl\u00e1msk\u00e9m sebepojet\u00ed. S \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm isl\u00e1mu obchodem, dob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00edm a mision\u00e1\u0159skou \u010dinnost\u00ed od Andalusie a\u017e po jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii se \u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo i v\u011bdom\u00ed o and\u011blu zjeven\u00ed, a to v p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b jednotn\u00e9 podob\u011b, proto\u017ee Kor\u00e1n a had\u00eds jako pevn\u00fd textov\u00fd z\u00e1klad v\u0161ude p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ely stejn\u00e9 v\u00fdpov\u011bdi o n\u011bm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Prim\u00e1rn\u00edmi zdroji jsou Kor\u00e1n (2:97 Jibril&#8230; s dovolen\u00edm All\u00e1ha, 16:102 svat\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span>, 26:193, 194 kor\u00e1nsk\u00fd ver\u0161 zjeven\u00ed, arabsky, 7. stolet\u00ed), sb\u00edrky had\u00eds\u016f (Sahih al-Bukhari 1:1, Sahih Muslim, arabsky) a tafs\u00edrov\u00e1 d\u00edla (Tabari, Ibn Kathir).<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Sekund\u00e1rn\u011b analyzovali Schimmel (Mystical Dimensions of Islam, 1975), Hughes (Dictionary of Islam), Wild (Islamic Angelology) a McLeod (Judeo-Islamic Angelology) Jibrilovu centr\u00e1ln\u00ed roli v isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 teologii zjeven\u00ed a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd sm\u011br zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na p\u0159\u00edmou zku\u0161enost s Bohem; kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd v judaismu, k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed a isl\u00e1mu.\">mystiky<\/span>&#8211;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologie<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jibril je v r\u016fzn\u00fdch pramenech a um\u011bleck\u00fdch tradic\u00edch zobrazov\u00e1n s ur\u010dit\u00fdmi opakuj\u00edc\u00edmi se ikonografick\u00fdmi prvky, kter\u00e9 z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b konstantn\u00ed po desetilet\u00ed a v r\u016fzn\u00fdch geografick\u00fdch oblastech. Tyto prvky nejsou pouze dekorativn\u00ed nebo n\u00e1hodn\u011b zvolen\u00e9, ale jsou hluboce symbolicky k\u00f3dovan\u00e9 a maj\u00ed velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p><p>Rysy, kter\u00fdmi isl\u00e1msk\u00e1 tradice Jibrila popisuje, vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed jeho \u00fa\u0159ad: je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za R\u00fah al-Kudus, ducha svatosti, a za posla, kter\u00fd nezkreslen\u00e9 Bo\u017e\u00ed slovo p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 prorok\u016fm. Zpr\u00e1vy o jeho prav\u00e9 podob\u011b s \u0161esti sty k\u0159\u00eddly, o jeho zjeven\u00ed v lidsk\u00e9 podob\u011b p\u0159ed Muhammadem a o jeho roli p\u0159i prvn\u00edm zjeven\u00ed v jeskyni Hir\u00e1 nejsou pouh\u00e9 ozdoby. Kdo je obezn\u00e1men s Kor\u00e1nem a had\u00edsy, z toho vy\u010dte jeho postaven\u00ed: stoj\u00ed mezi Bohem a posly, s\u00e1m nerozkazuje, pouze doru\u010duje. Ka\u017ed\u00fd detail tradice ho za\u0159azuje do t\u00e9to prost\u0159ednick\u00e9 funkce.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Charakteristiky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jibril byl kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd v n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 praxi, v ka\u017edodenn\u00edch ritu\u00e1lech a v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed isl\u00e1mu. Lid\u00e9 se v kritick\u00fdch nebo ur\u010dit\u00fdch \u017eivotn\u00edch situac\u00edch, nebo v ur\u010dit\u00fdch ritu\u00e1ln\u00edch ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00edch, obraceli k t\u00e9to entit\u011b se strukturovan\u00fdmi, \u010dasto n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdmi ritu\u00e1ly, modlitbami nebo ob\u011btn\u00edmi dary.<\/p><p>P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed zjeven\u00ed Muhammadovi neprob\u00edhalo podle isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice n\u00e1hodn\u011b: Jibril se objevoval v uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9m sledu po dobu zhruba 23 let, recitoval ver\u0161e p\u0159esn\u011b slovo od slova a nechal proroka je opakovat, dokud nebyly bezpe\u010dn\u011b uchov\u00e1ny. Had\u00edsov\u00e1 literatura popisuje tento proces jako \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd v\u00fdukov\u00fd akt, nikoli jako spont\u00e1nn\u00ed z\u00e1\u017eitek.<\/p><p>Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se muslimov\u00e9 od 7. stolet\u00ed nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b odvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed na Jibrila jako na doru\u010dovatele Kor\u00e1nu, pat\u0159\u00ed k z\u00e1klad\u016fm isl\u00e1msk\u00e9ho ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed zjeven\u00ed. Jeho \u00falohy v tradici jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9: chr\u00e1n\u00ed poselstv\u00ed p\u0159ed zkreslen\u00edm na cest\u011b z nebes k prorokovi, posiluje Muhammada v kriz\u00edch, nap\u0159\u00edklad po prvn\u00edm zjeven\u00ed, a doprov\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159echody, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i nebesk\u00e9 cest\u011b, na n\u00ed\u017e vede proroka nebesy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Jibril<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Profil zachycuje Jibrila v \u0161esti dimenz\u00edch: jeho p\u016fvod v kor\u00e1nsk\u00fdch narativech zjeven\u00ed, jeho c\u00edlovou skupinu mezi v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edmi muslimy a mystiky, ikonografick\u00e9 rysy jako bytosti sv\u011btla, jeho funk\u010dn\u00ed roli jako prost\u0159edn\u00edka zjeven\u00ed, srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdmi a \u017eidovsk\u00fdmi Gabriely, a jeho mystickou roli v s\u00fafijsk\u00e9 kontemplaci o wahy (zjeven\u00ed).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fvod<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jibr\u00edl je zmi\u0148ov\u00e1n v kor\u00e1nsk\u00fdch textech 7. stolet\u00ed, s ko\u0159eny v judaisticko-k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 tradici Gabriela (etymologicky toto\u017en\u00fd: Jibr\u00edl = Gabriel). Geografick\u00fd p\u016fvod le\u017e\u00ed na Arabsk\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b a na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b.<\/p><p>Datov\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00edho v\u00fdskytu je Kor\u00e1n 2:97 (med\u00ednsk\u00e9 obdob\u00ed, 623, 632 n. l.). Teologick\u00e9 zar\u00e1mov\u00e1n\u00ed jako hlavn\u00edho zjevovac\u00edho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1msk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost, posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bla<\/span> nastalo bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po prorock\u00e9m posl\u00e1n\u00ed Muhammada (610, 632 n. l.).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jibr\u00edlova c\u00edlov\u00e1 skupina<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jibr\u00edl se obracel prim\u00e1rn\u011b na proroka Muhammada a v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed (umma). C\u00edlovou skupinou jsou v\u0161ichni muslimov\u00e9 jako p\u0159\u00edjemci kor\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho poselstv\u00ed, mystici se z\u00e1jmem o zjevovac\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd sm\u011br zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed zku\u0161enost s Bohem.\" tabindex=\"0\">mystiku<\/span> (pozn\u00e1n\u00ed wahy) a teologov\u00e9.<\/p><p>P\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostmi jsou \u010dten\u00ed Kor\u00e1nu, meditace nad zjeven\u00edm, mystick\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00ed modlitby (tahad\u017eud) a sv\u00e1tek zjeven\u00ed Kor\u00e1nu (Lajlat al-kadr). <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prosebn\u00e9 nebo vz\u00fdvac\u00ed obracen\u00ed se k bo\u017estvu \u010di moci.\" tabindex=\"0\">Vz\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span> prob\u00edh\u00e1 s b\u00e1zn\u00ed p\u0159ed wahou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jibr\u00edl\u016fv vzhled<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jibr\u00edl ikonograficky: mu\u017esk\u00e1 postava s velk\u00fdmi b\u00edl\u00fdmi nebo st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fdmi k\u0159\u00eddly, z\u00e1\u0159\u00edc\u00ed jako sv\u011btlo, s d\u016fstojnou tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. Atributy jsou svitek nebo kniha (text Kor\u00e1nu), aura sv\u011btla (n\u00far), n\u011bkdy lilie nebo pozdrav m\u00edru. Na isl\u00e1msk\u00fdch a persk\u00fdch miniatur\u00e1ch p\u016fsob\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159iv\u011b, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 oslniv\u011b. Ikonografick\u00e9 spojen\u00ed s \u010distou sv\u011btelnou podstatou odli\u0161uje Jibr\u00edla v s\u00fafijsk\u00e9m um\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jibr\u00edlovo p\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Oblast p\u016fsobnosti:<\/strong><p>Jibr\u00edl (Gabriel, \u01e7ibr\u012bl) je v isl\u00e1mu jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch archand\u011bl\u016f a prost\u0159edn\u00edkem zjeven\u00ed proroku Muhammadovi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jibr\u00edlova obrana<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jibr\u00edl byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e9ho, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed k bo\u017esk\u00e9mu, a proto vy\u0148at\u00e9 z b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">svat\u00e9ho<\/span> a nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed integrity. Praktiky vz\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed zahrnovaly modlitby za pochopen\u00ed zjeven\u00ed (fahm al-wahy), za bl\u00edzkost k Bo\u017e\u00edmu poselstv\u00ed a za o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed srdce (tazk\u00edja).<\/p><p>V s\u00fafijsk\u00fdch tradic\u00edch se praktikovaly meditace na Jibr\u00edla (mur\u00e1kaba al\u00e1-Jibr\u00edl), aby bylo dosa\u017eeno mystick\u00e9ho pozn\u00e1n\u00ed (ma&#8217;rifa) All\u00e1hova slova. \u00dacta k Jibr\u00edlovi se projevovala jako b\u00e1zliv\u00e1 oddanost kor\u00e1nsk\u00e9mu poselstv\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Srovnateln\u00e9 bytosti<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Srovnateln\u00e9 postavy v isl\u00e1mu: Mik\u00e1\u00edl (ochrann\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1msk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost, posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl<\/span>, ale m\u00e9n\u011b centr\u00e1ln\u00ed), Isr\u00e1f\u00edl (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1msk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost, posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl<\/span> vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed), Azrael (and\u011bl smrti). Mimo isl\u00e1m: k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd Gabriel (zv\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed, toto\u017en\u00fd s Jibr\u00edlem), \u017eidovsk\u00fd Gabriel (zjevovatel, toto\u017en\u00fd s Jibr\u00edlem). Toto\u017enost nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdmi hranicemi \u010din\u00ed Jibr\u00edla\/Gabriela jedine\u010dn\u00fdm mezi archand\u011bly.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrana v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Invokace a prorock\u00e1 kontemplace<\/strong><\/p><p>Jibr\u00edl v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m smyslu nen\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011btem p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 invokace jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00ed bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1n \u0161kodliv\u00fd nebo rozporupln\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9mon<\/span>.<\/p><p><strong>Textov\u00e9 tradice a jm\u00e9na<\/strong><\/p><p>V Kor\u00e1nu je Jibr\u00edl jmenovit\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bn \u0161estn\u00e1ctkr\u00e1t.<\/p><p><strong>\u00dacta a ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 praxe <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"No\u0161en\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt, kter\u00e9mu je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1n ochrann\u00fd, ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed odvracej\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek.\" tabindex=\"0\">amuletu<\/span> pro Jibr\u00edla ve smyslu ochrann\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jibr\u00edl, paralely v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><p><strong>Judaistick\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Jibr\u00edl je toto\u017en\u00fd s \u017eidovsk\u00fdm Gabrielem (hebrejsky, \u0159ecky, arabsky: v\u0161e znamen\u00e1 B\u016fh je m\u00e1 s\u00edla). Funkce je paraleln\u00ed: zjevovatel Bo\u017e\u00ed v\u016fle. Rozd\u00edl: Gabriel je v judaismu tak\u00e9 zv\u011bstovatelem soudu; Jibr\u00edl je prim\u00e1rn\u011b poslem zjeven\u00ed. Oba jsou centr\u00e1ln\u00edmi archand\u011bly sv\u00fdch tradic.<\/p><p><strong>\u0158ecko-\u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd sv\u011bt:<\/strong> \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 paralely v klasick\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn tradovan\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o boz\u00edch ur\u010dit\u00e9 kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytologii<\/span>. Vzd\u00e1len\u011b p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed: Hermes (posel boh\u016f, ale ne prost\u0159edn\u00edk zjeven\u00ed), Iris (nebesk\u00e9 poselstv\u00ed). Specifick\u00e1 funkce n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 wahy (zjeven\u00ed) ve <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epocha \u0159eck\u00e9 a \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 kultury, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b od 800 p\u0159. n. l. do 600 n. l.\" tabindex=\"0\">starov\u011bku<\/span> neexistuje.<\/p><p><strong>Mezopot\u00e1mie:<\/strong> Mezopot\u00e1msk\u00e1 obdoba: Nabu (p\u00edsa\u0159 a zjevovatel Mardukovy v\u016fle). Rozd\u00edl: Nabu zapisuje pozemsk\u00e9 osudy; Jibr\u00edl p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 kosmick\u00e9, v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 poselstv\u00ed. Funkci prost\u0159edn\u00edka-p\u00edsa\u0159e maj\u00ed spole\u010dnou.<\/p><p><strong>Indie\/Asie:<\/strong> Indick\u00e1 obdoba: Sarasvat\u00ed (bohyn\u011b moudrosti a slova, hinduismus). Buddhistick\u00e1 paralela: Mand\u017eu\u0161r\u00ed (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"V mah\u00e1j\u00e1nov\u00e9m buddhismu osv\u00edcen\u00fd, kter\u00fd odkl\u00e1d\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed osvobozen\u00ed ve prosp\u011bch u\u010den\u00ed pro ostatn\u00ed bytosti.\">b\u00f3dhisattva<\/span> moudrosti, s\u00edly slova). Oba sd\u00edlej\u00ed funkci prost\u0159edn\u00edka Bo\u017e\u00ed moudrosti a pozn\u00e1vac\u00edho slova.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9292859 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9292859\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2eedde7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2eedde7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jibr\u00edl a sestoupen\u00ed Kor\u00e1nu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5da021c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp5da021c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa2992fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa2992fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed funkc\u00ed Jibr\u00edla (<em>Jibr\u012bl<\/em>, na Z\u00e1pad\u011b obvykle Gabriel) v isl\u00e1mu je zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed zjeven\u00ed. Kor\u00e1n ho ve s\u00fa\u0159e 2,97 v\u00fdslovn\u011b ozna\u010duje jako toho, kdo P\u00edsmo &#8222;z dovolen\u00ed Bo\u017e\u00edho&#8220; seslal na srdce proroka Muhammada.<\/p><p>Krom\u011b toho je vykl\u00e1d\u00e1n jako <em>ar-r\u016b\u1e25 al-am\u012bn<\/em>, &#8222;d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span>&#8220; (s\u00fara 26,193), a jako <em>r\u016b\u1e25 al-qudus<\/em>, &#8222;svat\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span>&#8222;.<\/p><p>Isl\u00e1msk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed mezi generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span> um\u00eds\u0165uje po\u010d\u00e1tek tohoto zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed do jeskyn\u011b Hira u Mekky, kde se Jibr\u00edl prorokovi m\u011bl poprv\u00e9 zjevit s p\u0159\u00edkazem <em>iqra\u02be<\/em>, &#8222;\u010dti&#8220; nebo &#8222;p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ej&#8220;.<\/p><p>Had\u00eds popisuje toto setk\u00e1n\u00ed jako fyzicky drtiv\u00e9: Jibr\u00edl m\u011bl Muhammada t\u0159ikr\u00e1t obejmout, dokud tento nebyl schopen p\u0159edn\u00e9st prvn\u00ed ver\u0161e pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed s\u00fary 96. V dal\u0161\u00edm prorokov\u011b \u017eivotopise se Jibr\u00edl znovu a znovu objevuje jako prost\u0159edn\u00edk, kter\u00fd p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 s\u00fary, p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 pokyny a v obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdch situac\u00edch poskytuje pomoc.<\/p><p>Teologicky je tato role prost\u0159edn\u00edka kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1, proto\u017ee zaji\u0161\u0165uje \u010distotu zjeven\u00ed. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 poslova bytost Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">And\u011bl<\/span> nen\u00ed samostatn\u00fdm mluv\u010d\u00edm, n\u00fdbr\u017e pouze p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed slovo Bo\u017e\u00ed. Isl\u00e1msk\u00e1 and\u011blologie proto zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee Jibr\u00edl nen\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n, n\u00fdbr\u017e je pokl\u00e1d\u00e1n za slu\u017eebn\u00edka.<\/p><p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ho tato funkce stav\u00ed na vrchol and\u011blsk\u00e9 hierarchie. Podle jedn\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed mezi generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span> prorok \u0159ekl, \u017ee mu Jibr\u00edl p\u0159inesl Kor\u00e1n v n\u011bkolika &#8222;zp\u016fsobech \u010dten\u00ed&#8220;, co\u017e ovlivnilo pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed diskusi o kanonick\u00fdch \u010dten\u00edch Kor\u00e1nu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9c15ba2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9c15ba2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc8bdd9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpc8bdd9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Had\u00eds o Gabrielovi: rozhovor o v\u00ed\u0159e<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpad3bb99 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpad3bb99\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0831769 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp0831769\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jednou z nejvlivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch epizod o Jibr\u00edlovi je takzvan\u00fd <em>\u1e24ad\u012bth Jibr\u012bl<\/em>, dochovan\u00fd mimo jin\u00e9 ve sb\u00edrce Muslima.<\/p><p>Jibr\u00edl v n\u00ed vystupuje v podob\u011b mu\u017ee v n\u00e1padn\u011b b\u00edl\u00e9m od\u011bvu a s velmi \u010dern\u00fdmi vlasy, na n\u011bm\u017e nen\u00ed vid\u011bt stopa po cest\u011b a kter\u00e9ho nikdo z p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdch nezn\u00e1. Sedne si k prorokovi, koleny se dotkne jeho kolen a klade \u0159adu ot\u00e1zek.<\/p><p>Pt\u00e1 se na isl\u00e1m, tedy na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed povinnosti, na <em>\u012bm\u0101n<\/em>, v\u00edru, na <em>i\u1e25s\u0101n<\/em>, vnit\u0159n\u00ed zdokonalen\u00ed, a na hodinu Soudn\u00e9ho dne.<\/p><p>Na ka\u017edou odpov\u011b\u010f proroka cizinec odpov\u00ed &#8222;pravdu jsi \u0159ekl&#8220;, co\u017e p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 udivuje, proto\u017ee tazatel obvykle nem\u00e1 znalosti k tomu, aby odpov\u011b\u010f potvrdil. Po odchodu mu\u017ee prorok sv\u00fdm spole\u010dn\u00edk\u016fm vysv\u011btl\u00ed, \u017ee to byl Jibr\u00edl, kter\u00fd p\u0159i\u0161el, aby je u\u010dil jejich n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.<\/p><p>Tento had\u00eds se stal z\u00e1kladn\u00edm textem isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 teologie. Trojit\u00e9 d\u011blen\u00ed na isl\u00e1m, \u00edman a ihs\u00e1n dodnes strukturuje n\u00e1bo\u017eenskopedagogick\u00e1 d\u00edla a je v\u00fdchoz\u00edm bodem pro rozli\u0161en\u00ed mezi pr\u00e1vem, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u011bjak\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologi\u00ed<\/span> a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd sm\u011br zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed zku\u0161enost s Bohem.\" tabindex=\"0\">mystikou<\/span>. Zaj\u00edmav\u00fd je didaktick\u00fd c\u00edl vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed: <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 poslova bytost Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl<\/span> znalosti odpov\u011bdi, pt\u00e1 se ale p\u0159esto, aby se obec d\u00edky rozhovoru u\u010dila.<\/p><p>P\u0159edala se tak forma pou\u010den\u00ed, nikoli jen jeho obsah.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp017eb77 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp017eb77\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf5c3843 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf5c3843\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gabriel v r\u016fzn\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch: srovn\u00e1n\u00ed a vymezen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp07fdaf0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp07fdaf0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3860a96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp3860a96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jibr\u00edl se jm\u00e9nem i kl\u00ed\u010dovou funkc\u00ed shoduje s Gabrielem \u017eidovsk\u00e9 a k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed mezi generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span>, a toto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je pro <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bda, kter\u00e1 zkoum\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed srovn\u00e1vac\u00edm zp\u016fsobem a bez vazby na v\u00edru.\" tabindex=\"0\">religionistiku<\/span> velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e9.<\/p><p>V knize Daniel hebrejsk\u00e9ho Tanachu Gabriel vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 vize, je tedy ji\u017e <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 poslova bytost Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011blem<\/span> v\u00fdkladu a zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed. V Luk\u00e1\u0161ov\u011b evangeliu oznamuje narozen\u00ed Jana K\u0159titele a Jezuse. Ve v\u0161ech t\u0159ech tradic\u00edch je Gabriel spojen s vy\u0159\u010den\u00fdm Bo\u017e\u00edm slovem.<\/p><p>Isl\u00e1m tuto postavu nep\u0159evzal jednodu\u0161e, ale zapracoval ji do vlastn\u00edho ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed zjeven\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco Gabriel v k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm oznamuje, Jibr\u00edl v isl\u00e1mu p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fapln\u00fd text. Tento posun odpov\u00edd\u00e1 odli\u0161n\u00e9mu ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed P\u00edsma: Kor\u00e1n se ch\u00e1pe jako doslovn\u00e9 sesl\u00e1n\u00ed, a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 poslova bytost Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl<\/span> je kan\u00e1lem tohoto sesl\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p>Muslimsk\u00e1 tradice p\u0159itom zn\u00e1 i polemiku vymezuj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u016f\u010di jin\u00fdm v\u00fdklad\u016fm. S\u00fara 2,97 a\u017e 98 podle klasick\u00e9 exegeze reaguje na \u017eidovsk\u00e9 odm\u00edtnut\u00ed Jibr\u00edla a prohla\u0161uje, \u017ee kdo je nep\u0159\u00edtelem Boha, jeho and\u011bl\u016f a jmenovit\u011b Jibr\u00edla, tomu je B\u016fh nep\u0159\u00edtelem. Tento ver\u0161 ukazuje, \u017ee postava and\u011bla nebyla jen sd\u00edlen\u00fdm d\u011bdictv\u00edm, ale i p\u0159edm\u011btem n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho sporu.<\/p><p>Pro srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed studium je Jibr\u00edl tak modelov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpadem: postavou, kter\u00e1 se opakuje nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edmi a pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u00edm zviditel\u0148uje specifick\u00e9 rozd\u00edly mezi tradicemi. Kdo chce pochopit isl\u00e1mskou and\u011blologii, neobejde se bez tohoto propleten\u00ed p\u0159evzet\u00ed a nov\u00e9ho ukotven\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145365\">Gabriel<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145286\">M\u00edkail<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prameny a literatura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet class=\"iwg-literatur-footer\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Timothy J. Burge: <em>Angels in Islam: Jalal Abualrub&#8217;s Annotated Translation of Muhammad&#8217;s Description of Divine Beings<\/em>. Lamppost Productions, 2011.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1597,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Jibril","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Jibril - and\u011bl zjeven\u00ed Kor\u00e1nu a prost\u0159edn\u00edk","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Jibril, archand\u011bl isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice, p\u00edsemn\u011b dolo\u017een\u00fd po stalet\u00ed: and\u011bl zjeven\u00ed Kor\u00e1nu, pr\u016fvodce p\u0159i Isra a Mi'r\u00e1d\u017e.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"islam","wesen_klasse":"lichtwesen","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-145366","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Jibril - and\u011bl zjeven\u00ed Kor\u00e1nu a prost\u0159edn\u00edk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jibril, archand\u011bl isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice, p\u00edsemn\u011b dolo\u017een\u00fd po stalet\u00ed: and\u011bl zjeven\u00ed Kor\u00e1nu, pr\u016fvodce p\u0159i Isra a Mi&#039;r\u00e1d\u017e.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/jibril\/\" \/>\n<meta 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