{"id":145321,"date":"2026-09-03T16:29:12","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:29:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145321"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:52:52","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:52:52","slug":"thoth","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/thoth\/","title":{"rendered":"Thoth"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145321\" class=\"elementor elementor-145321 elementor-2052 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Thovt, b\u016fh egyptsk\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u016fh m\u011bs\u00edce, p\u00edsa\u0159 boh\u016f, vyn\u00e1lezce hieroglyf\u016f a str\u00e1\u017ece v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed. Thovt je intelektu\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u00f3lem egyptsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn tradovan\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o boz\u00edch v dan\u00e9 kultu\u0159e.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytologie<\/span>, nen\u00ed to bojovn\u00fd b\u016fh, ale m\u011b\u0159i\u010d, p\u00edsa\u0159, kouzeln\u00edk slova.<\/p><p>S hlavou ibise nebo pavi\u00e1na, ve sv\u00e9m <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u00edsto v\u011bnovan\u00e9 uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bo\u017estva.\" tabindex=\"0\">svatost\u00e1nku<\/span> v Hermopoli, stoj\u00ed Thovt mezi Isis a Setem jako rozhod\u010d\u00ed, mezi nebem a zem\u00ed jako kn\u011bz. Jeho slovo je stvo\u0159en\u00ed, jeho ml\u010den\u00ed je tajemstv\u00ed.<\/p><p>Thovt je egyptsk\u00fd b\u016fh-p\u00edsa\u0159 p\u00edsma, moudrosti a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiky, kter\u00e9 se pomoc\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch \u00fakon\u016f nebo formul\u00ed sna\u017e\u00ed ovlivnit b\u011bh v\u011bc\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">magie<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"B\u016fh \/ bohyn\u011b: Personifikovan\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed moc v panteonu kultury, s jasn\u011b vymezen\u00fdmi pravomocemi, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed s\u00edly, osud, v\u00e1lka, plodnost. Uct\u00edvan\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kult\u016f, ob\u011bt\u00ed a chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch instituc\u00ed.\">B\u016fh<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145115\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mytologie starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u00fadol\u00ed Nilu, cca 3000 p\u0159. n. l. a\u017e 30 p\u0159. n. l.\">Egypt<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_thoth-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1551\" alt=\"Thoth\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_thoth-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_thoth-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_thoth-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_thoth.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Thoth<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Rychl\u00fd p\u0159ehled: Thovt<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Egyptsk\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed bo\u017estvo, b\u016fh p\u00edsa\u0159\u016f, moudrosti a m\u011bs\u00edce<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn boh\u016f n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">Panteon<\/span>: Egypt (v\u0161echny dynastie), v hel\u00e9nistick\u00e9<\/p><p>dob\u011b p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b jako Hermes Trismegistos<br>Funkce: P\u00edsmo, v\u011bda, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiky, kter\u00e9 se pomoc\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch \u00fakon\u016f nebo formul\u00ed sna\u017e\u00ed ovlivnit b\u011bh v\u011bc\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">magie<\/span>, m\u011bs\u00edc, p\u00edsa\u0159 posledn\u00edho soudu, rozhod\u010d\u00ed boh\u016f<br>Hlavn\u00ed atributy: hlava ibise nebo podoba pavi\u00e1na, psac\u00ed paleta, psac\u00ed r\u00e1kos, m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed srpek<br>Hlavn\u00ed kultovn\u00ed m\u00edsta: Hermopolis Magna (Chm\u00fanu), Dakka (N\u00fabie), Tuna el-Gebel (zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed poh\u0159ebi\u0161t\u011b)<br>\u0158eck\u00e1 identifikace: Hermes Trismegistos (hel\u00e9nistick\u00fd), Hermes (v jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edm synkretismu)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontext<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thovt je dolo\u017een ji\u017e od Text\u016f pyramid (v\u00fdrok 218, cca 24. stol. p\u0159. n. l.), je jedn\u00edm z nejstar\u0161\u00edch egyptsk\u00fdch boh\u016f s nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fdm kultem. Hlavn\u00ed rozkv\u011bt Thovtovy <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e dan\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologie<\/span>: St\u0159edn\u00ed a Nov\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e (od cca 2050 p\u0159. n. l.). V ptolemaiovsk\u00e9 dob\u011b (3.\u20131. stol. p\u0159. n. l.) vzestup k postaven\u00ed hlavn\u00edho bo\u017estva Hermopole Magny (Chm\u00fanu, \u201eOsmim\u011bst\u00ed\u201c podle osmi prabo\u017estev).<\/p><p>Hel\u00e9nistick\u00e1 synkretizace s Hermem vede k tradici <em>Herma Trismegista<\/em> (\u201etrojn\u00e1sobn\u011b velk\u00e9ho Herma\u201c), <em>Corpus Hermeticum<\/em> (1.\u20133. stol. n. l.) se st\u00e1v\u00e1 hlavn\u00edm z\u00e1kladem z\u00e1padn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrnn\u00fd pojem pro u\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e1 si n\u00e1rokuj\u00ed skryt\u00e9, jen zasv\u011bcen\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoteriky<\/span> (renesan\u010dn\u00ed hermetismus, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159edmodern\u00ed spojen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed filozofie a symbolick\u00e9 v\u011bdy; pracuje s p\u0159em\u011bnou l\u00e1tek jako vnit\u0159n\u00ed transformac\u00ed.\">alchymie<\/span>). V pozdn\u011b antick\u00e9m k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed je p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n jako \u201eegyptsk\u00fd Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161\u201c.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hlavn\u00edm kultovn\u00edm centrem byla <strong>Hermopolis Magna<\/strong> (egyptsky <em>Chm\u00fanu<\/em>, dnes El-A\u0161m\u00fanajn ve St\u0159edn\u00edm Egypt\u011b), nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed Thothova <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u00edsto zasv\u011bcen\u00e9 uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bo\u017estva.\" tabindex=\"0\">svatyn\u011b<\/span> se slavnou <em>osmim\u011bstskou<\/em> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologi\u00ed<\/span>. D\u00e1le <strong>Tuna el-Gebel<\/strong> (poh\u0159ebi\u0161t\u011b s tis\u00edci mumifikovan\u00fdmi ibisy a pavi\u00e1ny, Thothov\u00fdmi svat\u00fdmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty), <strong>Dakka<\/strong> (N\u00fabie), <strong>Memfis<\/strong> (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m<\/span> v komplexu Ptaha).<\/p><p>V ptolemaiovsk\u00e9m obdob\u00ed tak\u00e9 <strong>Alexandrie<\/strong> jako centrum tradice Herma Trismegista. Zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed mumiov\u00e9 poh\u0159ebi\u0161t\u011b v Tuna el-Gebel pat\u0159\u00ed k nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm are\u00e1l\u016fm pozdn\u011b dynastick\u00e9ho Egypta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 prameny: Texty pyramid (v\u00fdroky 218, 524, 555), Rakvov\u00e9 texty, Kniha mrtv\u00fdch (v\u00fdroky 17, 30, kapitola o v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed srdce, kde je Thovt p\u00edsa\u0159em), <em>Kniha o nebesk\u00e9 kr\u00e1v\u011b<\/em>, kosmogonie <em>Osmim\u011bst\u00ed<\/em> z Hermopole.<\/p><p>Hel\u00e9nistick\u00e9 prameny: <em>Corpus Hermeticum<\/em> (kanonick\u00fd sborn\u00edk text\u016f o Hermu Trismegistovi), Pl\u00fatarchovo <em>De Iside et Osiride<\/em>. Sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed literatura: Bleeker, <em>Hathor and Thoth<\/em> (standardn\u00ed d\u00edlo); Boylan, <em>Thot, the Hermes of Egypt<\/em>; Stadler, <em>Weiser und Wesir. Studien zu Vorkommen, Rolle und Wesen des Gottes Thot<\/em>; Copenhaver, <em>Hermetica<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no a varianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thovt je zobrazov\u00e1n s hlavou ibise (vz\u00e1cn\u011bji s hlavou pavi\u00e1na) na mu\u017esk\u00e9m t\u011ble, \u010dasto od\u011bn\u00e9m v b\u00edl\u00e9m pl\u00e1tn\u011b. <em>Ibis<\/em> byl v Egypt\u011b <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed bo\u017esk\u00e9mu, a t\u00edm vy\u0148at\u00e9 z b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">svat\u00fd<\/span>, zab\u00edt ibise bylo pova\u017eov\u00e1no za provin\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p><p>Thovt \u010dasto nese psac\u00ed paletu, papyrusov\u00e9 svitky nebo m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed srpek na \u010dele. <em>Pavi\u00e1n<\/em> nebo <em>opice<\/em> (<em>D\u017eaty<\/em>) byl tak\u00e9 jeho pr\u016fvodn\u00edm zv\u00ed\u0159etem a zt\u011bles\u0148oval jeho vrtkavou, ale brilantn\u00ed povahu. Jeho \u010d\u00edslem je 42, po\u010det soudc\u016f v Knize mrtv\u00fdch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Charakteristiky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thovt je administr\u00e1torem boh\u016f a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159edstava o uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159\u00e1du sv\u011bta v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00e9 kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">kosmologie<\/span>. Vynalezl p\u00edsmo, aritmetiku, astronomii a medic\u00ednu. V <em>Knize mrtv\u00fdch<\/em> je Thovt zapisovatelem soudn\u00edho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed Osiridem, zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, zda je srdce zesnul\u00e9ho t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pero pravdy (<em>Maat<\/em>).<\/p><p>Kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed a p\u00edsa\u0159i ho uct\u00edvali jako sv\u00e9ho patrona. Jeho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m<\/span> v Hermopoli byl centrem teologick\u00e9 spekulace. V ob\u0159adech byl Thovt vz\u00fdv\u00e1n pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed pam\u011bti, pro <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiky, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmi \u00fakony nebo formulemi zas\u00e1hnout do b\u011bhu v\u011bc\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">magii<\/span> slov a pro l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm v\u011bdomost\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>Podoba a symbolika<\/strong><\/p><p><em>Thovt<\/em> je nej\u010dast\u011bji zobrazov\u00e1n jako ibis s dlouh\u00fdm zahnut\u00fdm zob\u00e1kem, nebo jako mu\u017e s ibis\u00ed hlavou. Ve sv\u00e9 podob\u011b p\u00edsa\u0159e nos\u00ed jednoduchou b\u00edlou nebo \u010dernou korunu a v rukou dr\u017e\u00ed psac\u00ed brk a papyrusov\u00fd svitek.<\/p><p>Jeho o\u010di jsou pronikav\u00e9 jako o\u010di mudrce mezi pt\u00e1ky. Ibis je pt\u00e1k mok\u0159ad\u016f a zt\u011bles\u0148uje tak spojen\u00ed mezi sv\u011bty. N\u011bkdy je <em>Thovt<\/em> zobrazov\u00e1n jako pavi\u00e1n, zv\u00ed\u0159e m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed mouhrosti. Pero <em>Thovta<\/em> bylo jeho magick\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Thovt<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aspekty Thovta na prvn\u00ed pohled. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed pole shrnuj\u00ed jeho p\u016fvod, funkci, podobu, uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, symboly a kulturn\u00ed paralely.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tradice<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thovtovo genealogick\u00e9 postaven\u00ed nen\u00ed jednotn\u011b stanoveno. V jedn\u00e9 tradici je synem Rea, v jin\u00e9 vznikl z hlavy Seta (v okam\u017eiku, kdy Set ukradl Horovo oko). Man\u017eel <em>Se\u0161at<\/em> (bohyn\u011b p\u00edsa\u0159\u016f a patronky architektury).<\/p><p>V Hermopoli je hlavou <em>Ogdoady<\/em> (osmi\u010dky prabo\u017estev: \u010dty\u0159 mu\u017esko-\u017eensk\u00fdch p\u00e1r\u016f, kter\u00e9 zt\u011bles\u0148uj\u00ed prvotn\u00ed chaos). V osirijsk\u00e9m <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o boz\u00edch, po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch a \u0159\u00e1du sv\u011bta.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtu<\/span> je \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm prost\u0159edn\u00edkem: uzdravuje Horovo zran\u011bn\u00e9 oko (oko <em>Wed\u017eat<\/em>), zapisuje rozsudek ve sporu mezi Horem a Setem a doprov\u00e1z\u00ed mrtv\u00e9 na onen sv\u011bt.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vztahuje se na<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Patron p\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed, matematiky, astronomie, medic\u00edny a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiky, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmi \u00fakony nebo formulemi zas\u00e1hnout do b\u011bhu v\u011bc\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">magie<\/span>. Je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za vyn\u00e1lezce hieroglyf\u016f, m\u011br a vah i kalend\u00e1\u0159e. <em>Zapisovatel soudu mrtv\u00fdch<\/em> zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 v soudu Maat v\u00fdsledek v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed srdce; bez jeho z\u00e1pisu nem\u016f\u017ee zesnul\u00fd vej\u00edt na onen sv\u011bt.<\/p><p><em>B\u016fh M\u011bs\u00edce<\/em>, jeho\u017e dr\u00e1ha na no\u010dn\u00ed obloze uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010das. <em>Soudce boh\u016f<\/em>, kter\u00fd zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1 spory mezi olympsk\u00fdmi bohy (Horus a Set, Re a Apop). V tradici Herma Trismegista je hlavn\u00edm u\u010ditelem esoterick\u00fdch tajemstv\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Forma<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dv\u011b hlavn\u00ed podoby:<\/p><p><strong>Mu\u017e s ibis\u00ed hlavou:<\/strong> tmav\u00e1 ple\u0165, v ruce psac\u00ed paletu a psac\u00ed n\u00e1stroj, dlouh\u00fd dvorsk\u00fd od\u011bv. Na hlav\u011b \u010dasto m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed srpek s m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edm kotou\u010dem.<\/p><p><strong>Pavi\u00e1n:<\/strong> sed\u00edc\u00ed pavi\u00e1n (\u010dasto s m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edm srpkem na hlav\u011b), jedno ze svat\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at Thovta. So\u0161ky pavi\u00e1n\u016f byly jako votivn\u00ed dary nesm\u00edrn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9.<\/p><p>V ptolemaiovsko-\u0159eck\u00e9 synkretizaci je zobrazov\u00e1n s Hermov\u00fdm pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bm a kaduceem (Hermes Trismegistos). Na zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch poh\u0159ebi\u0161t\u00edch byly nalezeny tis\u00edce mumifikovan\u00fdch ibis\u016f a pavi\u00e1n\u016f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkce<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Oblast p\u016fsobnosti:<\/strong> Thotha vz\u00fdvali v\u0161ichni p\u00edsa\u0159i a u\u010denci, p\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161koly zahajovaly den Thothovou <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Jazykov\u00e9 obr\u00e1cen\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka k bo\u017estvu.\" tabindex=\"0\">modlitbou<\/span>, ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fd stav st\u00e1l pod jeho patronac\u00ed. Byl kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd v l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiky, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmi \u00fakony nebo formulemi zas\u00e1hnout do b\u011bhu v\u011bc\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">magii<\/span>: l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 a magick\u00e9 texty typicky za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prosebn\u00e9 nebo za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1vac\u00ed osloven\u00ed bo\u017estva \u010di moci.\" tabindex=\"0\">vz\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00edm<\/span> Thotha.<\/p><p>V kultu mrtv\u00fdch byl nepostradateln\u00fd, o jeho pomoc p\u0159i soudu Maat se v\u00fdslovn\u011b \u017e\u00e1dalo v Knize mrtv\u00fdch (v\u00fdrok 30). Na poh\u0159ebi\u0161ti v Tuna el-Gebel si <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u010clov\u011bk, kter\u00fd podnik\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eensky motivovanou cestu na svat\u00e9 m\u00edsto.\" tabindex=\"0\">poutn\u00edci<\/span> p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161eli sv\u00e1 prosebn\u00e1 psan\u00ed, zapisovali je na st\u0159epy a zahrab\u00e1vali je u zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch mumi\u00ed. V ptolemaiovsk\u00e9m obdob\u00ed p\u0159itahovala tradice Herma Trismegista \u0159ecko-\u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 esoteriky z cel\u00e9ho St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Formy ochrany<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Psac\u00ed paleta a psac\u00ed n\u00e1stroj (jeho hlavn\u00ed atribut), m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed srpek s m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edm kotou\u010dem, oko Wed\u017eat (kter\u00e9 uzdravil), \u017eezlo Was, anch. Svat\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata: ibis (zejm\u00e9na \u010dernob\u00edl\u00fd africk\u00fd ibis), pavi\u00e1n. Rostliny: strom persea, sykomora. Svat\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo: 8 (Ogdoada). Svat\u00e9 barvy: modr\u00e1 (M\u011bs\u00edc) a zlat\u00e1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Srovnateln\u00e9 bytosti<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Hermes<\/em> (\u0158ecko, jednoduch\u00e1 synkretizace), <em>Hermes Trismegistos<\/em> (helenistick\u00e1 dvojit\u00e1 identifikace, nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenskohistorick\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Splynut\u00ed prvk\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kult\u016f v nov\u00e9 sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 formy, nap\u0159\u00edklad v haitsk\u00e9m vod\u00fa (lwa a katoli\u010dt\u00ed svat\u00ed).\">synkretismus<\/span>), <em>Mercurius<\/em> (\u0158\u00edm), <em>Nabu<\/em> (Mezopot\u00e1mie, b\u016fh p\u00edsa\u0159\u016f a mudrc\u016f, funk\u010dn\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 toto\u017en\u00fd), <em>Sarasvat\u00ed<\/em> (hinduismus, bohyn\u011b v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed), <em>Man\u0434\u0436u\u0161r\u00ed<\/em> (buddhismus, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"V mah\u00e1j\u00e1nov\u00e9m buddhismu osv\u00edcen\u00fd, kter\u00fd odkl\u00e1d\u00e1 sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed osvobozen\u00ed ve prosp\u011bch u\u010den\u00ed pro jin\u00e9 bytosti.\">b\u00f3dhisattva<\/span> mouhrosti), <em>M\u00edmir<\/em> (germ\u00e1nsk\u00e1 mytologie, studna mouhrosti), <em>Ogma<\/em> (keltsk\u00e1 mytologie, vyn\u00e1lezce p\u00edsma ogham).<\/p><p>Funk\u010dn\u011b: v\u0161ichni bohov\u00e9 p\u00edsa\u0159stv\u00ed a mouhrosti sd\u00edlej\u00ed aspekty Thovta. Spojen\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edc-p\u00edsmo-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiky, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmi \u00fakony nebo formulemi zas\u00e1hnout do b\u011bhu v\u011bc\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">magie<\/span> je p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 v mnoha kultur\u00e1ch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrann\u00e1 praxe<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p><strong>Uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b<\/strong><\/p>\n<div><p><strong>Ritu\u00e1ly a zakl\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><br>\nKult ibise v Hermopoli a Sakk\u00e1\u0159e zanechal nespo\u010det ibis\u00edch mumi\u00ed. Thovt byl vz\u00fdv\u00e1n v l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch a magick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edch a p\u0159i soudu mrtv\u00fdch vystupoval jako p\u00edsa\u0159 p\u0159i v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed srdce.<\/p><\/div>\n\n<p><strong>Zakl\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed a vz\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<div><p><strong>P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed text\u016f a formule<\/strong><br>\nThovt je pokl\u00e1d\u00e1n za patrona ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho p\u00edsma; za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Knihy mrtv\u00fdch se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u201eslova Thovtova\u201c. Hermetick\u00e9 spisy, v nich\u017e Thovtovi odpov\u00edd\u00e1 Herm\u00e9s Trismegistos, i magick\u00e9 papyry se odvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed na n\u011bj.<\/p><\/div>\n\n<p><strong>Amulety a ochrann\u00e9 symboly<\/strong><\/p>\n<div><p><strong>Hmotn\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo od apotropaikon: p\u0159edm\u011bty a znaky, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed odvracet ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">apotropaika<\/span> a archeologick\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy<\/strong><br>\nIbis\u00ed a pavi\u00e1nsk\u00e9 amulety, figurky Thovta v podob\u011b ibise a amulety ve tvaru p\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 palety spojovaly my\u0161lenku ochrany s v\u011bdom\u00edm a slovem.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Thovt, paralely v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thovt se podob\u00e1 Hermovi (\u0158ecko), oba jsou p\u00e1nov\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiky, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmi \u00fakony \u010di formulemi zas\u00e1hnout do b\u011bhu v\u011bc\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">magie<\/span>, \u0159e\u010di a p\u00edsma. P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 tak\u00e9 \u00d3dina (Skandin\u00e1vie), kter\u00fd ob\u011btuje za moudrost a vynal\u00e9z\u00e1 p\u00edsmo. V \u017eidovsk\u00e9 tradici existuje srovnateln\u00e1 postava Enocha, p\u00edsa\u0159e nebesk\u00e9 knihy. Koncept boha jako p\u00edsa\u0159e a prost\u0159edn\u00edka je velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd; Thovt p\u0159edstavuje jeho zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 systematick\u00e9 zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp37d67c4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp37d67c4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb020cf2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpb020cf2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hermopolis a Ogdo\u00e1da: kultovn\u00ed centrum Thovta<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfd9efdb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpfd9efdb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpba54a7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpba54a7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kultovn\u00ed centrum Thovta se nach\u00e1zelo ve St\u0159edn\u00ed egypt\u011b, ve m\u011bst\u011b, kter\u00e9 \u0158ekov\u00e9 naz\u00fdvali Hermopolis Magna a kter\u00e9 egyptsky neslo jm\u00e9no <em>Chemenu<\/em>, \u201eM\u011bsto osmi\u201c. N\u00e1zev odkazuje k <em>Ogdo\u00e1d\u011b<\/em>, osmi boh\u016fm ve \u010dty\u0159ech p\u00e1rech, kte\u0159\u00ed podle hermopolsk\u00e9 teologie zt\u011bles\u0148ovali stav p\u0159ed stvo\u0159en\u00edm sv\u011bta.<\/p><p>Thovt platil v t\u00e9to m\u00edstn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u011bjak\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologii<\/span> za uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e se p\u0159isuzuje p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">ducha<\/span>, kter\u00fd z chaosu Ogdo\u00e1dy vytvo\u0159il sv\u011bt.<\/p><p>Z antick\u00e9ho m\u011bsta se dnes zachovaly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ruiny u vesnice el-A\u0161m\u00fanajn, jej\u00ed\u017e jm\u00e9no uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 star\u00e9 <em>Chemenu<\/em>. Nedaleko, u T\u00fany el-Gebel, se rozkl\u00e1dala rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 nekropole, kde byla poh\u0159b\u00edv\u00e1na svat\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata Thovta.<\/p><p>Hermopolis byl po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm centrem velk\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu. Velk\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m<\/span> Thovta byl mnohokr\u00e1t obnovov\u00e1n; stav\u011bli tam faraoni od Nov\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e a\u017e po ptolemaiovsk\u00e9 obdob\u00ed. Z \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 doby se dochovaly zbytky sloupov\u00e9 s\u00edn\u011b. \u0158eck\u00e1 identifikace Thovta s Hermem nav\u00edc u\u010dinila z m\u011bsta uzel hermetick\u00e9 tradice.<\/p><p>M\u00edstn\u00ed zakotven\u00ed objas\u0148uje mnoh\u00e9 z Thovtova profilu. Jako m\u011bstsk\u00fd b\u016fh v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vn\u00edho a vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho centra byl od po\u010d\u00e1tku spojen s p\u00edsmem, po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00edm a spr\u00e1vou.<\/p><p>Kn\u011b\u017estvo Hermopole p\u011bstovalo u\u010denou literaturu, kter\u00e1 boha stylizovala jako p\u00e1na v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed. Thovt\u016fv charakter boha u\u010denosti tak nelze ch\u00e1pat abstraktn\u011b, ale \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm m\u00edstem a jeho spole\u010denskou funkc\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpda62503 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpda62503\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa5b7d3b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpa5b7d3b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ibis a pavi\u00e1n: svat\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata a jejich poh\u0159by<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfcaebed e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpfcaebed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb094bfb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpb094bfb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thovt je zobrazov\u00e1n ve dvou zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch podob\u00e1ch: jako mu\u017e s hlavou ibise nebo zcela jako ibis, a jako pavi\u00e1n, nej\u010dast\u011bji sed\u00edc\u00ed ko\u010dkodan. Ob\u011b zv\u00ed\u0159ata byla pova\u017eov\u00e1na za <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed bo\u017esk\u00e9mu, a t\u00edm vy\u0148at\u00e9 z b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">svat\u00e1<\/span> a ob\u011b byla ve velk\u00e9m rozsahu mumifikov\u00e1na.<\/p><p>V katakomb\u00e1ch T\u00fany el-Gebel archeologov\u00e9 odkryli rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 podzemn\u00ed galerie pln\u00e9 hlin\u011bn\u00fdch n\u00e1dob, v nich\u017e byly ulo\u017eeny mumifikovan\u00e9 ibisi. Jejich po\u010det dosahuje statis\u00edc\u016f, podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch odhad\u016f dokonce milion\u016f za celou dobu u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p>Podobn\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed existuj\u00ed u Sakk\u00e1ry a na dal\u0161\u00edch m\u00edstech. Krom\u011b toho tam byli poh\u0159b\u00edv\u00e1ni pavi\u00e1ni, jejich\u017e mumie byly nalezeny tak\u00e9 v T\u00fan\u011b el-Gebel a v Sakk\u00e1\u0159e.<\/p><p>Tyto hromadn\u00e9 mumifikace byly sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho trhu: <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u010clov\u011bk, kter\u00fd podnik\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eensky motivovanou cestu na svat\u00e9 m\u00edsto.\" tabindex=\"0\">poutn\u00edci<\/span> si kupovali zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed mumii jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159edm\u011bt darovan\u00fd bo\u017estvu na z\u00e1klad\u011b slibu nebo jako pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">votivn\u00ed dar<\/span>, kter\u00fd m\u011bl jejich prosbu p\u0159edat bohu. V\u00fdzkumy, mimo jin\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 tomografie, uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee bal\u00ed\u010dky nemusely v\u017edy obsahovat cel\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata; ob\u010das se v nich nach\u00e1zej\u00ed jen \u010d\u00e1sti nebo v\u00fdpl\u0148ov\u00fd materi\u00e1l. To vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b praxe chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch d\u00edlen.<\/p><p>Pro chov ibis\u016f existuj\u00ed n\u00e1znaky vlastn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v bl\u00edzkosti chr\u00e1m\u016f. Logistika chovu, usmrcov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edpravy a poh\u0159b\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at byla zna\u010dn\u00e1 a zam\u011bstn\u00e1vala specializovan\u00fd chr\u00e1mov\u00fd person\u00e1l. Zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed poh\u0159ebi\u0161t\u011b Thovta tak pat\u0159\u00ed k nejv\u00fdmluvn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sv\u011bdectv\u00edm o praktick\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 ekonomice pozdn\u00edho Egypta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf63ee70 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpf63ee70\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3cb2944 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp3cb2944\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u00edsa\u0159 p\u0159i soudu mrtv\u00fdch: Thovt v Knize mrtv\u00fdch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5118f2f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp5118f2f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp64cc9a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp64cc9a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jednou z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sc\u00e9n egyptsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed je v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed srdce, posmrtn\u00fd soud zvan\u00fd <em>psychostasie<\/em>. Je podrobn\u011b pops\u00e1n v <em>Knize mrtv\u00fdch<\/em>, zejm\u00e9na ve v\u00fdroku 125, a v\u00fdtvarn\u011b zpracov\u00e1n na mnoha papyrech a hrobkov\u00fdch v\u00fdzdob\u00e1ch. Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed papyrus, papyrus p\u00edsa\u0159e Hunefera z Nov\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, zobrazuje sc\u00e9nu v klasick\u00e9 podob\u011b.<\/p><p>Srdce zesnul\u00e9ho se v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na v\u00e1ze proti peru bohyn\u011b <em>Maat<\/em>, pravdy a sv\u011btov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du. <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145244\">Anubis<\/a> obsluhuje v\u00e1hu, zat\u00edmco <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost, kter\u00e1 v sob\u011b spojuje rysy r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 bytost<\/span> Ammit \u010dek\u00e1, aby srdce pohltila, pokud se uk\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9.<\/p><p>Thovt stoj\u00ed vedle jako p\u00edsa\u0159 a zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdsledek. Vyhla\u0161uje rozsudek a p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 ho <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145245\">Usirovi<\/a>, vl\u00e1dci podsv\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p><p>Tato role je zvolena p\u0159esn\u011b. Thovt nen\u00ed soudcem, ale zapisovatelem a garantem spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Soud tak m\u00e1 strukturu egyptsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti: prob\u011bhne m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, seps\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1pisu a p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed instanci. Thovtova funkce p\u00e1na p\u00edsma z n\u011bj d\u011bl\u00e1 nepostradateln\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edka tohoto procesu.<\/p><p>Toto spojen\u00ed p\u00edsma, pr\u00e1va a posmrtn\u00e9ho \u017eivota utv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed cel\u00fd obraz Thovta. B\u016fh, kter\u00fd m\u011bl vynal\u00e9zt hieroglyfy, zaji\u0161\u0165uje i \u00fa\u010detnictv\u00ed v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9ho \u017eivota.<\/p><p>Kdo ve star\u00e9m Egypt\u011b um\u011bl \u010d\u00edst a ps\u00e1t, m\u011bl k tomuto bohu zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed vztah; mnoz\u00ed p\u00edsa\u0159i m\u011bli Thovta ve sv\u00e9m jm\u00e9nu nebo ho uct\u00edvali jako patrona sv\u00e9ho povol\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpffe5ce0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpffe5ce0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9cb57b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9cb57b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Od Thovta k Hermovi Trismegistovi: hermetick\u00e1 tradice<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7a507d5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp7a507d5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp11b6177 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp11b6177\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S \u0159eckou vl\u00e1dou nad Egyptem za\u010dalo ztoto\u017en\u011bn\u00ed s daleko dosahuj\u00edc\u00edmi n\u00e1sledky. \u0158ekov\u00e9 identifikovali Thovta se sv\u00fdm bohem posluhy Hermem, proto\u017ee oba byli ch\u00e1p\u00e1ni jako prost\u0159edn\u00edci, bohov\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di a u\u010denosti. Hermopolis nesl sv\u00e9 jm\u00e9no pr\u00e1v\u011b d\u00edky tomuto ztoto\u017en\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p><p>Z tohoto splynut\u00ed vznikla postava <em>Herma Trismegista<\/em>, \u201et\u0159ikr\u00e1t nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho Herma\u201c. Pod t\u00edmto jm\u00e9nem vzniklo v hel\u00e9nistick\u00e9m a \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9m Egypt\u011b rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 p\u00edsemnictv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dnes naz\u00fdv\u00e1me hermetickou literaturou. Zahrnuje filosoficko-n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 trakt\u00e1ty, tzv. <em>Corpus Hermeticum<\/em>, i technick\u00e9 texty o astrologii, alchymii a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiky, kter\u00e9 cht\u011bj\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmi \u00fakony nebo formulemi zas\u00e1hnout do chodu v\u011bc\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">magii<\/span>.<\/p><p>Tyto texty nesepsal star\u00fd egyptsk\u00fd kn\u011bz, ale jsou produktem sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 kultury \u0159ecko-\u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho Egypta. Spojuj\u00ed \u0159eckou filosofii s egyptsk\u00fdmi a jin\u00fdmi prvky. V\u00fdzkum, nap\u0159\u00edklad pr\u00e1ce Gartha Fowdena, uk\u00e1zal, jak siln\u011b tyto texty poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z ur\u010dit\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159echodn\u00e1 epocha mezi antikou a st\u0159edov\u011bkem, zhruba 3. a\u017e 7. stolet\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">pozdn\u00ed antiky<\/span>.<\/p><p>Vliv tohoto p\u00edsemnictv\u00ed byl obrovsk\u00fd. V renesanci, po p\u0159ekladu <em>Corpus Hermeticum<\/em> Marsiliem Ficinem v 15. stolet\u00ed, platil Hermes Trismegistos za prastar\u00e9ho mudrce, kter\u00fd m\u011bl \u017e\u00edt \u00fadajn\u011b je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161em nebo soub\u011b\u017en\u011b s n\u00edm.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>A\u017e Isaac Casaubon roku 1614 prok\u00e1zal, \u017ee texty jsou vznikl\u00e9 po Kristu. T\u00edm byl egyptsk\u00fd p\u016fvod zpochybn\u011bn, hermetick\u00e1 tradice v\u0161ak d\u00e1l p\u016fsobila v <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrnn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed pro u\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e1 si n\u00e1rokuj\u00ed skryt\u00e9 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed dostupn\u00e9 jen zasv\u011bcen\u00fdm.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoterice<\/span> a v ran\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch v\u011bd\u00e1ch. Ibisohlav\u00fd m\u011bstsk\u00fd b\u016fh Hermopole tak stoj\u00ed na po\u010d\u00e1tku jednoho z nejvlivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch proud\u016f evropsk\u00e9ho duchovn\u00edho d\u011bjin.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9d97fd4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9d97fd4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9600b33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9600b33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">B\u016fh m\u011bs\u00edce, po\u010dt\u00e1\u0159 a rozhod\u010d\u00ed: teologick\u00fd profil<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa567a72 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpa567a72\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp94b8eea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp94b8eea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thovtovy p\u016fsobnosti lze shrnout do n\u011bkolika jader. Nejprve je bohem m\u011bs\u00edce. M\u011bs\u00edc se sv\u00fdmi m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdmi f\u00e1zemi jej spojoval s \u010dasom\u00edrou, kalend\u00e1\u0159em a rozd\u011blen\u00edm roku.<\/p><p>Ve zn\u00e1m\u00e9m vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 Thovt p\u0159i h\u0159e s m\u011bs\u00edcem pod\u00edly sv\u011btla, d\u00edky nim\u017e vznik\u00e1 p\u011bt p\u0159estupn\u00fdch dn\u016f egyptsk\u00e9ho roku, v nich\u017e se rod\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145245\">Usir<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145319\">Isis<\/a>.<\/p><p>Z toho plyne druh\u00e1 sf\u00e9ra: m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed a zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Thovt plat\u00ed za p\u00e1na hieroglyf\u016f, po\u010dt\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed a v\u0161ech v\u011bd. Je bo\u017esk\u00fdm p\u00edsa\u0159em, kter\u00fd uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1v\u00e1 slova a m\u011b\u0159\u00ed \u010das. V chr\u00e1mech mu byla \u00fazce p\u0159i\u0159azena <em>Maat<\/em>, m\u00edsty ch\u00e1pan\u00e1 jako jeho spole\u010dnice.<\/p><p>T\u0159et\u00ed sf\u00e9rou je role sm\u00edr\u010d\u00edho. V <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o boz\u00edch, po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch a \u0159\u00e1du sv\u011bta.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtu<\/span> o sporu mezi <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145318\">Horem<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145281\">Sethem<\/a> o d\u011bdictv\u00ed Usira vystupuje Thovt jako zprost\u0159edkuj\u00edc\u00ed, vyrovn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed instance.<\/p><p>Uzdravuje poran\u011bn\u00e9 oko Hora, oko <em>Ud\u017eat<\/em>, a obnovuje jej. Tato l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e1 a obnovuj\u00edc\u00ed funkce z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed i boha, k n\u011bmu\u017e se lid\u00e9 obraceli v magick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1n\u00edch proti nemoci a nebezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/p><p>Religionistick\u00fd rozbor zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee tyto p\u016fsobnosti spolu souvis\u00ed: m\u011bs\u00edc, \u010dasom\u00edra, p\u00edsmo, pr\u00e1vo a l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed jsou v egyptsk\u00e9m my\u0161len\u00ed aspekty jedin\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1dotvorn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu. Thovt je b\u016fh, kter\u00fd kosmu i spole\u010dnosti prop\u016fj\u010duje vypo\u010ditatelnost. Kde se n\u011bco upravuje, m\u011b\u0159\u00ed, zapisuje nebo urovn\u00e1v\u00e1, je p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd on.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145318\">Horus, p\u0159\u00edjemce oka Wed\u017eat<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145311\">Hermes, \u0159eck\u00fd partner synkretismu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145335\">Nabu, mezopot\u00e1msk\u00e1 paralela<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145115\">Egypt, p\u0159ehled panteonu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145234\">Vrchn\u00ed bo\u017estva, podkategorie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145205\">Bohov\u00e9, p\u0159ehled t\u0159\u00edd<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (v\u00fdb\u011br)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Bleeker, C. J.: <em>Hathor and Thoth. Two Key Figures of the Ancient Egyptian Religion<\/em>. Leiden 1973.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Boylan, Patrick: <em>Thot, the Hermes of Egypt<\/em>. Oxford 1922.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Stadler, Martin: <em>Weiser und Wesir. Studien zu Vorkommen, Rolle und Wesen des Gottes Thot im &auml;gyptischen Totenbuch<\/em>. T&uuml;bingen 2009.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Copenhaver, Brian P.: <em>Hermetica. The Greek Corpus Hermeticum and the Latin Asclepius<\/em>. Cambridge 1992.<\/span><\/li><li>Walde, Christine (ed.): <em>Der Neue Pauly<\/em> (heslo &bdquo;Thot&ldquo;).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dal\u0161\u00ed standardn\u00ed d\u00edla najdete v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145257\">seznamu literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87ee400 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"87ee400\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c41f62a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c41f62a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o Thothovi<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Kdo byl Thoth v egyptsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Soubor tradovan\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o boz\u00edch ur\u010dit\u00e9 kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytologii<\/span>?<\/h3><p>Thoth (egyptsky D\u017eehuti) byl egyptsk\u00fd b\u016fh p\u00edsma, moudrosti, matematiky, astronomie a l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed, tedy v\u011bdy v nej\u0161ir\u0161\u00edm smyslu. Nej\u010dast\u011bji byl zobrazov\u00e1n s hlavou ibise, n\u011bkdy jako pavi\u00e1n.<\/p><p>Thoth je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za vyn\u00e1lezce hieroglyf\u016f, m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed a kalend\u00e1\u0159e. P\u0159i soudu nad mrtv\u00fdmi je zapisovatelem, kter\u00fd zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdsledek v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed. Je tak\u00e9 pova\u017eov\u00e1n za prost\u0159edn\u00edka mezi bohy, mudrce a r\u00e1dce, kter\u00fd urovn\u00e1v\u00e1 spory.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Kdo byl Herm\u00e9s Trismegistos a jak\u00fd m\u011bl vztah k Thothovi?<\/h3><p>Herm\u00e9s Trismegistos (Herm\u00e9s T\u0159ikr\u00e1t Velik\u00fd) je postava <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159echodn\u00e1 epocha mezi antikou a st\u0159edov\u011bkem, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b od 3. do 7. stolet\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">pozdn\u011b antick\u00e9ho<\/span> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Splynut\u00ed p\u0159edstav nebo bo\u017estev z r\u016fzn\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch tradic.\" tabindex=\"0\">synkretismu<\/span>, spojen\u00ed \u0159eck\u00e9ho Herma s egyptsk\u00fdm Thothem. V hel\u00e9nistick\u00e9m Egypt\u011b byli oba ztoto\u017e\u0148ov\u00e1ni, proto\u017ee oba byli poslov\u00e9 boh\u016f a prost\u0159edn\u00edci moudrosti.<\/p><p>Herm\u00e9s Trismegistos je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za autora hermetick\u00fdch spis\u016f (Corpus Hermeticum, 1.-3. Jh.), filozoficko-mystick\u00e9ho souboru u\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00fd p\u016fsob\u00ed od renesance p\u0159es <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrnn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed pro u\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e1 si n\u00e1rokuj\u00ed skryt\u00e9 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed dostupn\u00e9 jen zasv\u011bcen\u00fdm.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoteriku<\/span> (alchymii, astrologii, teosofii) a\u017e po sou\u010dasnost. Je mu p\u0159isuzov\u00e1na Tabula Smaragdina.<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Kdo byl Thoth v egyptsk\u00e9 mytologii?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Thoth (egyptsky D\u017eehuti) byl egyptsk\u00fd b\u016fh p\u00edsma, moudrosti, matematiky, astronomie a l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed, tedy v\u011bdy v nej\u0161ir\u0161\u00edm smyslu. Nej\u010dast\u011bji byl zobrazov\u00e1n s hlavou ibise, n\u011bkdy jako pavi\u00e1n.Thoth je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za vyn\u00e1lezce hieroglyf\u016f, m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed a kalend\u00e1\u0159e. P\u0159i soudu nad mrtv\u00fdmi je zapisovatelem, kter\u00fd zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdsledek v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed. Je tak\u00e9 pova\u017eov\u00e1n za prost\u0159edn\u00edka mezi bohy, mudrce a r\u00e1dce, kter\u00fd urovn\u00e1v\u00e1 spory.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Kdo byl Herm\u00e9s Trismegistos a jak\u00fd m\u011bl vztah k Thothovi?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Herm\u00e9s Trismegistos (Herm\u00e9s T\u0159ikr\u00e1t Velik\u00fd) je postava synkretismu z pozdn\u00ed antiky, spojen\u00ed \u0159eck\u00e9ho Herma s egyptsk\u00fdm Thothem. V hel\u00e9nistick\u00e9m Egypt\u011b byli oba ztoto\u017e\u0148ov\u00e1ni, proto\u017ee oba byli poslov\u00e9 boh\u016f a prost\u0159edn\u00edci moudrosti.Herm\u00e9s Trismegistos je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za autora hermetick\u00fdch spis\u016f (Corpus Hermeticum, 1.-3. Jh.), filozoficko-mystick\u00e9ho souboru u\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00fd p\u016fsob\u00ed od renesance p\u0159es esoteriku (alchymii, astrologii, teosofii) a\u017e po sou\u010dasnost. Je mu p\u0159isuzov\u00e1na Tabula Smaragdina.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1551,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Thoth","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Thovt \u2013 egyptsk\u00fd b\u016fh p\u00edsma a moudrosti","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"P\u00edsa\u0159 boh\u016f, vyn\u00e1lezce hieroglyf\u016f, soudce v Knize mrtv\u00fdch. Hermopolis, Hermes Trismegistos.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"1","wesen_kultur":"aegypten","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-145321","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Thovt \u2013 egyptsk\u00fd b\u016fh p\u00edsma a moudrosti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"P\u00edsa\u0159 boh\u016f, vyn\u00e1lezce hieroglyf\u016f, soudce v Knize mrtv\u00fdch. 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