{"id":145308,"date":"2026-09-03T16:29:05","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:29:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145308"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:52:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:52:33","slug":"yamantaka","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/yamantaka\/","title":{"rendered":"Yamantaka"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145308\" class=\"elementor elementor-145308 elementor-2023 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yamantaka, b\u016fh tibetsk\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yamantaka (p\u0159emo\u017eitel smrti, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd tak\u00e9 Vad\u017erabhairava) je jedn\u00edm z nejzu\u0159iv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejvlivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch medita\u010dn\u00edch bo\u017estev tibetsk\u00e9ho buddhismu. S dev\u00edti hlavami, 34 pa\u017eemi a 16 nohama zastupuje tato forma <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"V mah\u00e1j\u00e1nov\u00e9m buddhismu osv\u00edcen\u00fd, kter\u00fd odkl\u00e1d\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed osvobozen\u00ed ve prosp\u011bch u\u010den\u00ed pro ostatn\u00ed bytosti.\">b\u00f3dhisattvy<\/span> Mand\u017eu\u0161r\u00edho kone\u010dn\u00e9 zni\u010den\u00ed nev\u011bdomosti a strachu ze smrti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"B\u016fh \/ bohyn\u011b: Zosobn\u011bn\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed moc v panteonu kultury, s jasn\u00fdmi pravomocemi, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed s\u00edly, osud, v\u00e1lka, plodnost. Uct\u00edv\u00e1na prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kult\u016f, ob\u011bt\u00ed a chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch instituc\u00ed.\">B\u016fh<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145188\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Tibetsko-buddhistick\u00e1 a b\u00f6nsk\u00e1 tradice, jidam, dharmap\u00e1la, sv\u011bt n\u00e1g\u016f.\">Tibet<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"T\u0159\u00edda ochrann\u00fdch bo\u017estev tibetsk\u00e9ho buddhismu.\">Dharmap\u00e1la<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 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24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_tibet_yamantaka-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-147458\" alt=\"Yamantaka - bo\u017estva z tibetsk\u00e9 tradice, historicko-ilustrativn\u00ed\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_tibet_yamantaka-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_tibet_yamantaka-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_tibet_yamantaka-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_tibet_yamantaka.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yamantaka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yamantaka je v \u0161kole Gelug praktikov\u00e1n jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"V tibetsk\u00e9m buddhismu medita\u010dn\u00ed bo\u017estvo, s n\u00edm\u017e praktikuj\u00edc\u00ed pracuje v identifikaci, aby zt\u011blesnil aspekty osv\u00edcen\u00ed.\">jidam<\/span> (osobn\u00ed forma bo\u017estva). Dev\u00edtihlav\u00e1, temn\u011b modro-\u010dern\u00e1 postava se zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edmi hlavami symbolizuje ovl\u00e1dnut\u00ed v\u0161ech smysl\u016f. Tantrick\u00e1 praxe vy\u017eaduje mnoho set hodin meditace a je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za velmi pokro\u010dilou. Jeho p\u0159\u00edtomnost m\u00e1 p\u0159ekonat strach ze smrti a ulp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed na egu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Rychl\u00fd p\u0159ehled: Yamantaka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u201aDiamantov\u00fd v\u016fz'; tantrick\u00e1 forma mah\u00e1j\u00e1nov\u00e9ho buddhismu, prim\u00e1rn\u011b v Tibetu, s prax\u00ed jidam\u016f a mantrickou technikou ve sv\u00e9m st\u0159edu.\">Vad\u017eraj\u00e1na<\/span>-buddhistick\u00fd hlavn\u00ed hn\u011bviv\u00fd jidam, p\u0159emo\u017eitel Jamy (smrti)<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn bo\u017estev ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">Panteon<\/span>: Tibetsk\u00fd buddhismus (zejm\u00e9na tradice Gelug a Sakja)<br>Funkce: p\u0159emo\u017een\u00ed strachu ze smrtelnosti a z\u00e1kona karmy, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed jidam vad\u017eraj\u00e1ny<br>Hlavn\u00ed atributy: buvol\u00ed hlava, dev\u011bt hlav (hlavn\u00ed forma), 34 pa\u017e\u00ed, 16 nohou, plamenn\u00e1 aureola<br>Hlavn\u00ed kultovn\u00ed m\u00edsta: hlavn\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161tery Gelug (Drepung, Sera, Gand\u00e4n), hlavn\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161ter Sakja<br>Identita: hn\u011bviv\u00e1 forma Man\u0434\u0436u\u0161r\u00edho (aspekt Vad\u017erabhairava)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontext<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yamantaka (sanskrt, \u201eNi\u010ditel Jamy\u201c) se vyv\u00edj\u00ed v tantrick\u00e9 tradici Indie (8.\u201310. stol. n. l.) jako hn\u011bviv\u00e1 forma Man\u0434\u0436u\u0161r\u00edho, b\u00f3dhisattva moudrosti p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 tuto d\u011bsivou podobu, aby porazil samotnou smrt (Jamu) a zachr\u00e1nil tak v\u0161echny bytosti z kolob\u011bhu karmy.<\/p><p>Hlavn\u00ed obdob\u00ed rozkv\u011btu tradice Yamantaky: p\u0159\u00edchod At\u00ed\u0161i do Tibetu (11. stol.), pot\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na tradice Gelug s Congkhapou (14.\/15. stol.), Yamantaka jako <em>Vad\u017erabhairava<\/em> se st\u00e1v\u00e1 hlavn\u00edm jidamem \u0161koly Gelug. V syst\u00e9mech Sakja a \u0147ingma je rovn\u011b\u017e centr\u00e1ln\u00ed, s odli\u0161n\u00fdmi tantrick\u00fdmi texty.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hlavn\u00ed kultovn\u00ed m\u00edsta: v\u0161echny <strong>kl\u00e1\u0161tery Gelug<\/strong> maj\u00ed s\u00e1dhanu Yamantaky jako hlavn\u00ed praxi, zejm\u00e9na Drepung, Sera, Gand\u00e4n, Ta\u0161ilhunpo. <strong>Hlavn\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161ter Sakja<\/strong> v Tibetu (tradice Vad\u017erabhairava). V Mongolsku m\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed postaven\u00ed. V Bh\u00fat\u00e1nu a Nep\u00e1lu je p\u0159\u00edtomna v mnoha kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00edch are\u00e1lech. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b v ka\u017ed\u00e9m tibetsko-buddhistick\u00e9m centru s tradic\u00ed vad\u017eraj\u00e1ny. Tantrick\u00e9 iniciace (wang) pro Yamantaku pat\u0159\u00ed k nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm iniciac\u00edm vad\u017eraj\u00e1ny.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hlavn\u00ed prameny: <em>Vad\u017erabhairava-tantra<\/em> (hlavn\u00ed pramen), <em>Kri\u0161najamari-tantra<\/em>, <em>Raktajamari-tantra<\/em> (t\u0159i hlavn\u00ed formy). Koment\u00e1\u0159ov\u00e1 literatura: Congkhapovy <em>\u0160est j\u00f3g Yamantaky<\/em>. Sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed literatura: Linrothe, <em>Ruthless Compassion. Wrathful Deities in Early Indo-Tibetan Esoteric Buddhist Art<\/em>; Siklos, <em>The Vajrabhairava Tantras<\/em>; Lopez, <em>Religions of Tibet in Practice<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yamantaka je typicky zobrazov\u00e1n s n\u011bkolika hlavami (\u010dasto dev\u00edti, jednou hlavn\u00ed a osmi vedlej\u0161\u00edmi) a n\u011bkolika pa\u017eemi (\u010dasto \u0161estn\u00e1cti). Jeho hlavn\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159 je temn\u011b modr\u00e1 nebo \u010dern\u00e1, divok\u00e1 a hr\u016fzostra\u0161n\u00e1 na pohled. Jeho t\u011blo je svalnat\u00e9 a d\u011bsiv\u00e9, se vystoupl\u00fdmi \u017eilami a nadsazenou anatomi\u00ed.<\/p><p>Nos\u00ed korunu z lidsk\u00fdch hlav a lebek, symbolizuj\u00edc\u00ed zni\u010den\u00ed ega. Jeho t\u011blo je zdobeno had\u00edmi girlandami a zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edmi k\u016f\u017eemi. Symboly v jeho mnoha rukou jsou me\u010de, laso, kyj se lebkou, zvonek a dal\u0161\u00ed insignie tantrick\u00e9 s\u00edly. \u010casto tan\u010d\u00ed v divok\u00e9m pohybu, n\u011bkdy se svou \u0161akti (\u017eenskou energi\u00ed) v bo\u017esk\u00e9m objet\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Charakteristiky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yamantaka nen\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi ritu\u00e1ly, n\u00fdbr\u017e intenzivn\u00edmi vnit\u0159n\u00edmi meditacemi. Praktikuj\u00edc\u00ed si vizualizuj\u00ed sebe sama jako Yamantaku, tento proces je postupnou transformac\u00ed, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e se ego rozpou\u0161t\u00ed. Praxe je pokro\u010dil\u00e1 a p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 iniciace. Lama mus\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ka uv\u00e9st a poskytnout mu pokyny.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Rit\u00e1ln\u011b opakovan\u00e1 slabi\u010dn\u00e1 nebo slovn\u00ed formule s transformativn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinkem; v indick\u00fdch tradic\u00edch z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, na Z\u00e1pad\u011b adaptovan\u00e1 jako praxe deklarace.\">Mantra<\/span> \u201e<em>om bhrum sarva du\u0161ta mara ja dung drip s\u00f3ha<\/em>\u201c se recituje, n\u011bkdy tis\u00edc nebo desettis\u00edckr\u00e1t. Vizualizuje se <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kruhov\u00fd diagram, kter\u00fd v hinduismu a buddhismu zobrazuje kosmos.\" tabindex=\"0\">mandala<\/span> (kosmick\u00fd diagram). P\u0159esto\u017ee je d\u011bsiv\u00e1, je praxe hluboce uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed, ni\u010d\u00ed z\u00e1klad ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho strachu.<\/p><p><strong>Vzhled a symbolika<\/strong><\/p><p><em>Yamantaka<\/em> je zobrazov\u00e1n jako \u010dern\u00fd nebo temn\u011b modr\u00fd b\u016fh s divok\u00fdmi vlasy a 34 pa\u017eemi (v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tradic\u00edch), s b\u00fd\u010d\u00edmi hlavami a lebkami. Nos\u00ed girlandu hlav a dr\u017e\u00ed \u010detn\u00e9 zbran\u011b a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fd sled symbolick\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm nebo kulturn\u00edm v\u00fdznamem.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/span> p\u0159edm\u011bty. Obklopuje ho ohe\u0148. Tato <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nauka o obsahu obraz\u016f a jejich v\u00fdznamu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ikonografie<\/span> symbolizuje p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed smrti moudrost\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Yamantaka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aspekty Yamantaky v p\u0159ehledu. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed polo\u017eky shrnuj\u00ed p\u016fvod, funkci, vzhled, uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, symboly a kulturn\u00ed paralely.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kulturn\u00ed kontext<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yamantaka je hn\u011bviv\u00e1 manifestace Mand\u017eu\u0161r\u00edho. Hlavn\u00ed m\u00fdtus: svat\u00fd jog\u00edn dlouho medituje v jeskyn\u00edch Indie, je ohro\u017een Jamou (Smrt\u00ed) a jeho d\u00e9mony; ve sv\u00e9m zoufalstv\u00ed vz\u00fdv\u00e1 Mand\u017eu\u0161r\u00edho, kter\u00fd na sebe vezme hn\u011bvivou podobu Yamantaky, v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, d\u011bsiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a mocn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e s\u00e1m Jama, a Jamu p\u0159em\u016f\u017ee.<\/p><p>Toto zni\u010den\u00ed nen\u00ed koncem Jamy (jako soudce mrtv\u00fdch z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 i nad\u00e1le aktivn\u00ed), n\u00fdbr\u017e demonstrac\u00ed toho, \u017ee buddhovsk\u00e1 podstata p\u0159esahuje samu smrt. T\u0159i hlavn\u00ed formy: <em>Vad\u017erabhairava<\/em> (nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, s buvol\u00ed hlavou), <em>Kri\u0161najamari<\/em> (\u010cern\u00fd), <em>Raktajamari<\/em> (\u010cerven\u00fd).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vztahuje se na<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jidam (medita\u010dn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost uct\u00edvan\u00e1 jako bo\u017esk\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017estvo<\/span>) nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed vad\u017eraj\u00e1nov\u00e9 praxe. Ni\u010ditel strachu ze smrtelnosti a z\u00e1konitosti karmy. V tantrick\u00e9 praxi se praktikuj\u00edc\u00ed dlouh\u00fdmi vizualizacemi identifikuje s Yamantakou, v\u00fdsledkem je zku\u0161enost vlastn\u00ed nesmrtelnosti jako buddhovsk\u00e9 podstaty. Ochrana p\u0159ed v\u0161emi p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekami na cest\u011b. Patronka nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch vad\u017eraj\u00e1nov\u00fdch zasv\u011bcen\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vzhled<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Podoba Vad\u017erabhairavy (nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed): hn\u011bviv\u00e9, temn\u011b modr\u00e9 (nebo \u010dern\u00e9) svalnat\u00e9 mu\u017esk\u00e9 t\u011blo. Hlavn\u00ed hlava: <em>buvol\u00ed hlava<\/em> s obrovsk\u00fdmi rohy, t\u0159emi o\u010dima a otev\u0159enou tlamou s tes\u00e1ky.<\/p><p>Osm dal\u0161\u00edch hlav (celkem dev\u011bt) ve dvou \u0159ad\u00e1ch nad sebou, navrch tv\u00e1\u0159 Mand\u017eu\u0161r\u00edho. <em>34 pa\u017e\u00ed<\/em> s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi a symboly (me\u010d, lebe\u010dn\u00ed poh\u00e1r, khatvanga atd.). <em>16 nohou<\/em>: prav\u00fdmi \u0161lape na pora\u017een\u00e9 bohy a lidi, lev\u00fdmi na zv\u00ed\u0159ata.<\/p><p>Korunka z lebek a ozdoby, pl\u00e1polaj\u00edc\u00ed aureola. Stoj\u00ed v dynamick\u00e9m postoji lukost\u0159elce. V tantrick\u00e9 podob\u011b jab-jum ve spojen\u00ed se svou partnerkou Vad\u017eravet\u00e1l\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Oblast p\u016fsoben\u00ed:<\/strong> V tradici gelugpa je Yamantaka meditov\u00e1n jako hlavn\u00ed jidam, praktikuj\u00edc\u00ed proch\u00e1zej\u00ed praktikami <em>stupn\u011b vzniku<\/em> a <em>stupn\u011b dovr\u0161en\u00ed<\/em> jeho tantry po dobu let, \u010dasto desetilet\u00ed. Dalajlama i pan\u010dhenlama maj\u00ed Yamantaku jako hlavn\u00edho jidama.<\/p><p>V ka\u017ed\u00e9m gelugpsk\u00e9m kl\u00e1\u0161te\u0159e se m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b konaj\u00ed p\u00fad\u017ee Yamantace. Tantrick\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159echod, kter\u00fdm je n\u011bkdo p\u0159ijat do nov\u00e9ho stavu nebo spole\u010denstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">iniciace<\/span> (wang) je vyhrazena pouze pokro\u010dil\u00fdm praktikuj\u00edc\u00edm. V osobn\u00edm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factyhodn\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f v\u016f\u010di bo\u017estvu nebo svat\u00e9 postav\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultu<\/span> je vz\u00fdv\u00e1n jen z\u0159\u00eddka p\u0159\u00edmo, je jidamem, nikoli lidov\u00fdm ochrann\u00fdm bohem. V \u010dhamsk\u00fdch tanc\u00edch se ritu\u00e1ln\u011b objevuje jako maskovan\u00e1 postava.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrann\u00e9 prost\u0159edky<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buvol\u00ed hlava, dev\u011bt hlav, 34 pa\u017e\u00ed se zbran\u011bmi (me\u010d, lebe\u010dn\u00ed poh\u00e1r, khatvanga, damaru, tri\u0161ula atd.), 16 nohou, korunka z lebek, kost\u011bn\u00e9 ozdoby, pl\u00e1polaj\u00edc\u00ed aureola. V podob\u011b jab-jum: partnerka Vad\u017eravet\u00e1l\u00ed. Svat\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata: buvol (hlavn\u00ed hlava). Svat\u00e9 rostliny: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed. Svat\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Svat\u00e1 slabika nebo formule, kter\u00e1 se v hinduismu a buddhismu opakovan\u011b recituje.\" tabindex=\"0\">mantra<\/span>: <em>Om Yamantaka Hum Phat<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 bytosti<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Mand\u017eu\u0161r\u00ed<\/em> (buddhismus, vlastn\u00ed m\u00edrumilovn\u00e1 hlavn\u00ed forma), <em>Vad\u017erabhairava<\/em> (vlastn\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed hlavn\u00ed formy), <em>Kri\u0161najamari<\/em> (vlastn\u00ed \u010dern\u00e1 varianta), <em>Raktajamari<\/em> (vlastn\u00ed \u010derven\u00e1 varianta), <em>Mah\u00e1k\u00e1la<\/em> (buddhismus, p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e1 hn\u011bviv\u00e1 forma), <em>Bhairava<\/em> (hinduismus, spole\u010dn\u00fd ko\u0159en), <em>Jama<\/em> (hinduismus \/ buddhismus, p\u0159emo\u017een\u00fd protivn\u00edk). Funk\u010dn\u011b jde o jedine\u010dnou koncepci mezi sv\u011btov\u00fdmi n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edmi: \u201ehn\u011bvivou formu moudrosti, kter\u00e1 p\u0159em\u00e1h\u00e1 smrt\u201c, tedy specificky tantrickou koncepci.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yamantaka, paralely v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dev\u00edtihlav\u00e1 podoba Yamantaky se zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed symbolikou vykazuje strukturn\u00ed podobnosti se synkretick\u00fdmi z\u00e1padn\u00edmi demonologiemi, kde v\u00edcetv\u00e1rn\u00e1 bo\u017estva (nap\u0159. Hekat\u00e9 se t\u0159emi t\u011bly nebo Baal s n\u011bkolika podobami) vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed komplexitu kosmick\u00fdch sil. Praxe meditativn\u00edho uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u011b d\u011bsiv\u00e9 postavy za \u00fa\u010delem osvobozen\u00ed m\u00e1 paralely v gnostick\u00fdch tradic\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u017didovsk\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Moloch jako ob\u011btn\u00ed b\u016fh a Samael jako hn\u011bviv\u00fd and\u011bl sd\u00edlej\u00ed s Yamantakou d\u00e9monick\u00fd neboli hn\u011bviv\u00fd rozm\u011br, av\u0161ak bez mo\u017enosti integrace v meditaci.<\/p><p><strong>\u0158ecko-\u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd sv\u011bt:<\/strong> H\u00e1d\u00e9s jako b\u016fh mrtv\u00fdch a \u00c1res jako hn\u011bviv\u00fd b\u016fh v\u00e1lky sd\u00edlej\u00ed s Yamantakou aspekty kontroly nad silami smrti a agrese. Hekat\u00e9 jako trojtv\u00e1rn\u00e1 bohyn\u011b sd\u00edl\u00ed mnohotv\u00e1rnost.<\/p><p><strong>Germ\u00e1nsk\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Hel jako bohyn\u011b mrtv\u00fdch a Fenrir jako destruktivn\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed bytost sd\u00edlej\u00ed s Yamantakou <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed k zemi nebo podsv\u011bt\u00ed; ve starov\u011bk\u00e9m n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed bohov\u00e9 a duchov\u00e9 hlubin (H\u00e1d\u00e9s, Er\u00ednye, D\u00e9m\u00e9t\u00e9r chthonia).\">chtonick\u00e9<\/span> divok\u00e9 s\u00edly, p\u0159esto\u017ee sp\u00ed\u0161e jako protivn\u00edci ne\u017e jako objekty integrace.<\/p><p><strong>Hinduismus:<\/strong> K\u00e1l\u00ed jako hn\u011bviv\u00e1 matka a \u0160iva jako Ni\u010ditel sd\u00edlej\u00ed s Yamantakou tantrick\u00e9 s\u00edly destrukce a transformace. Bhairava, hn\u011bviv\u00e1 podoba \u0160ivy, je p\u0159\u00edmou paralelou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp741cdfa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp741cdfa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp31906e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp31906e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">M\u00fdtus o zu\u0159\u00edc\u00edm Jamovi a jeho p\u0159emo\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe4539f5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpe4539f5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbce71ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpbce71ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jm\u00e9no Yamantaka (sanskrtsky <em>Yamantaka<\/em>, tibetsky <em>gShin rje gshed<\/em>) znamen\u00e1 doslova P\u0159emo\u017eitel nebo Ukon\u010ditel Yamy, tedy boha smrti. Za t\u00edmto jm\u00e9nem stoj\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je dochov\u00e1no v n\u011bkolika verz\u00edch.<\/p><p>V roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 tibetsk\u00e9 verzi meditoval svat\u00fd asketa mnoho let v jeskyni, kr\u00e1tce p\u0159ed dosa\u017een\u00edm osv\u00edcen\u00ed. V rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed noc vnikli do jeskyn\u011b loupe\u017en\u00edci s ukraden\u00fdm b\u00fdkem a asketu i zv\u00ed\u0159e z\u00e1rove\u0148 s\u0165ali.<\/p><p>Bezhlav\u00fd asketa na sebe n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159ijal b\u00fd\u010d\u00ed hlavu, p\u0159em\u011bnil se v \u0161\u00edlenou podobu mocnosti smrti Yamy a hrozil, \u017ee vyhub\u00ed v\u0161echny \u017eiv\u00e9 bytosti Tibetu.<\/p><p>Aby byla tato nezvladateln\u00e1 s\u00edla zkrocena, projevil se b\u00f3dhisattva Manju\u0161r\u00ed, zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00ed dokonal\u00e9 moudrosti, v je\u0161t\u011b d\u011bsiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, mnoharuk\u00e9 a mnohohlav\u00e9 b\u00fd\u010d\u00ed podob\u011b: jako Yamantaka, kter\u00fd p\u0159em\u00e1h\u00e1 Yamu.<\/p><p>Logika vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed je tantrick\u00e1: ni\u010div\u00e1 s\u00edla smrti nen\u00ed vymaz\u00e1na, ale je p\u0159ekon\u00e1na a prom\u011bn\u011bna je\u0161t\u011b mocn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formou vedenou moudrost\u00ed, kterou pak zapoj\u00ed do slu\u017eby u\u010den\u00ed.<\/p><p>Z religionistick\u00e9ho hlediska je toto vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm textem pro pochopen\u00ed hn\u011bviv\u00fdch bo\u017estev. Yamantaka nen\u00ed protikladem laskav\u00e9ho buddhy, n\u00fdbr\u017e jeho hn\u011bviv\u00fdm aspektem. Toto\u017enost Manju\u0161r\u00edho a Yamantaky je v ritu\u00e1ln\u00edch textech v\u00fdslovn\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148ov\u00e1na.<\/p><p>Tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1van\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o boz\u00edch, po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch a uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtus<\/span> tak vysv\u011btluje, pro\u010d d\u011bsiv\u00e1 b\u00fd\u010d\u00ed podoba m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t v centru jedn\u00e9 z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch medita\u010dn\u00edch prax\u00ed \u0161koly gelug: je toti\u017e moudrost\u00ed samou v podob\u011b, je\u017e je schopna \u010delit smrti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8db1f45 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp8db1f45\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp16750fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp16750fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vad\u017erabhairava a postaven\u00ed v tantrick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1c9cdde e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp1c9cdde\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp890641c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp890641c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yamantaka se v tibetsk\u00fdch pramenech vyskytuje v n\u011bkolika bl\u00edzce p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch form\u00e1ch, z nich\u017e nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je Vad\u017erabhairava (tibetsky <em>rDo rje &#8218;jigs byed<\/em>, tedy diamantov\u011b tvrd\u00fd Hr\u016fzn\u00fd).<\/p><p>Vad\u017erabhairava je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za hn\u011bviv\u00e9ho <em>yidama<\/em>, tedy medita\u010dn\u00ed bo\u017estvo, cel\u00e9ho tantrick\u00e9ho cyklu. V \u0161kole gelug pat\u0159\u00ed praxe Vad\u017erabhairavy vedle Guhjasam\u00e1d\u017ei a \u010cakrasamvary ke t\u0159em centr\u00e1ln\u00edm nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm j\u00f3ga-tantr\u00e1m, na nich\u017e je vystav\u011bna pokro\u010dil\u00e1 praxe.<\/p><p>P\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto tantry do Tibetu je tradi\u010dn\u011b spojov\u00e1no s p\u0159ekladatelem Ra Lotsawou Dord\u017ee Drakem v 11. stolet\u00ed, historicky dolo\u017eenou, i kdy\u017e legendami op\u0159edenou postavou. Reform\u00e1tor Congkhapa (1357 a\u017e 1419), zakladatel \u0161koly gelug, p\u0159ikl\u00e1dal praxi Vad\u017erabhairavy zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitost, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se pro tuto \u0161kolu stala charakteristickou.<\/p><p>Uvnit\u0159 tantrick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu pln\u00ed Yamantaka dvoj\u00ed funkci. Jako <em>yidam<\/em> je p\u0159edm\u011btem identifika\u010dn\u00ed meditace: praktikuj\u00edc\u00ed si p\u0159edstavuje, \u017ee s\u00e1m na sebe p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 podobu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost uct\u00edvan\u00e1 jako bo\u017esk\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci n\u011bjak\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017estva<\/span>, aby p\u0159ekonal odd\u011blen\u00ed mezi oby\u010dejn\u00fdm j\u00e1 a osv\u00edcen\u00fdm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duchem<\/span>. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt Yamantaka vz\u00fdv\u00e1n jako <em>dharmapala<\/em>, tedy ochr\u00e1nce u\u010den\u00ed.<\/p><p>Toto spojen\u00ed medita\u010dn\u00edho bo\u017estva a ochrann\u00e9ho bo\u017estva je typick\u00e9 pro nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed tantry. B\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad pr\u00e1ce Bulcsu Sikl\u00f3se o textov\u00e9 tradici Vad\u017erabhairava-tantry, odhalilo slo\u017eitou vrstevnatost t\u011bchto tradic. P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi hn\u011bviv\u00fdmi bo\u017estvy jsou <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145305\">Palden Lhamo<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145309\">Ekad\u017eat\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4f671ad e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp4f671ad\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp625fcea elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp625fcea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ikonografie mnoh\u00fdch hlav, pa\u017e\u00ed a nohou<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7eb0443 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp7eb0443\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp58f45a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp58f45a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hlavn\u00ed podoba Vad\u017erabhairavy-Yamantaky se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b stanoven\u00fdm obrazov\u00fdm k\u00e1nonem, jen\u017e je do posledn\u00edho detailu pops\u00e1n v ritu\u00e1ln\u00edch textech. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost uct\u00edvan\u00e1 jako bo\u017esk\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci n\u011bjak\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">Bo\u017estvo<\/span> m\u00e1 dev\u011bt hlav, z nich\u017e centr\u00e1ln\u00ed je hn\u011bviv\u00e1 buvol\u00ed hlava se dv\u011bma rohy.<\/p><p>Nad n\u00ed se objevuje mal\u00e1 a m\u00edrn\u00e1 hlava Manju\u0161r\u00edho, co\u017e vyjad\u0159uje pravou podstatu tohoto <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost uct\u00edvan\u00e1 jako bo\u017esk\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci n\u011bjak\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017estva<\/span>. Ostatn\u00ed hlavy jsou hn\u011bviv\u00e9 a maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 barvy.<\/p><p>Yamantaka m\u00e1 34 pa\u017e\u00ed, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 dr\u017e\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fd atribut, a 16 nohou. Nohama \u0161lape na \u0159adu zv\u00ed\u0159at, pt\u00e1k\u016f a bo\u017estev star\u0161\u00ed indick\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 tradice, co\u017e symbolizuje p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011btsk\u00fdch moc\u00ed. Jeho t\u011blo je temn\u011b modr\u00e9 a obklopen\u00e9 plameny.<\/p><p>\u010casto je zobrazov\u00e1n ve spojen\u00ed se svou \u017eenskou prot\u011bj\u0161kyn\u00ed. Po\u010det pa\u017e\u00ed a nohou nen\u00ed nahodil\u00fd: ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, ka\u017ed\u00fd atribut a ka\u017ed\u00e1 barva je v textech <em>sadhana<\/em> symbolicky vykl\u00e1d\u00e1n, tak\u017ee obraz je z\u00e1rove\u0148 medita\u010dn\u00edm diagramem.<\/p><p>Krom\u011b toho tradice zn\u00e1 zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9 podoby, nap\u0159\u00edklad jednohlavou, dvourukou <em>Ekaviru<\/em>-Yamantaku (osam\u011bl\u00e9ho hrdinu), pou\u017e\u00edvanou pro ur\u010dit\u00e9 stupn\u011b praxe. V materi\u00e1ln\u00ed kultu\u0159e je Yamantaka zastoupen mnoh\u00fdmi bronzov\u00fdmi sochami, malbami <em>thangka<\/em> a zejm\u00e9na trojrozm\u011brn\u00fdmi modely <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kruhov\u00fd diagram, kter\u00fd v hinduismu a buddhismu zobrazuje kosmos.\" tabindex=\"0\">mandaly<\/span><\/em>.<\/p><p>V\u00fdznamn\u00e9 exempl\u00e1\u0159e se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed ve sb\u00edrk\u00e1ch Rubinova muzea v New Yorku a Muzea asijsk\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed v Berl\u00edn\u011b. P\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 ur\u010den\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nauka o obsaz\u00edch obraz\u016f a jejich v\u00fdznamu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ikonografie<\/span> vedlo k tomu, \u017ee zobrazen\u00ed Yamantaky z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u011b srovnateln\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d stalet\u00edmi i r\u016fzn\u00fdmi oblastmi, co\u017e je pro um\u011bnov\u011bdn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum dob\u0159e datovateln\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5f013aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp5f013aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd808e70 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpd808e70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yamantaka v modern\u00ed recepci<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe530369 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpe530369\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1390c24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp1390c24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yamantaka se ve 20. a 21. stolet\u00ed stal zn\u00e1m\u00fdm i mimo \u00fazk\u00fd n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd kontext. Roli v tom sehr\u00e1lo ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 ud\u00edlen\u00ed zasv\u011bcen\u00ed do Vad\u017erabhairavy vysok\u00fdmi u\u010diteli \u0161koly gelug na Z\u00e1pad\u011b.<\/p><p>14. dalajlama tuto <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159echod, j\u00edm\u017e je n\u011bkdo p\u0159ijat do nov\u00e9ho stavu nebo spole\u010denstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">iniciaci<\/span> ud\u011blil n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve striktn\u011b tajen\u00e1 tantra stala p\u0159\u00edstupnou \u0161ir\u0161\u00edmu okruhu. Z religionistick\u00e9ho hlediska je toto otev\u0159en\u00ed samo p\u0159edm\u011btem zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo\u0165 vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zky o vztahu mezi utajen\u00edm a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm tantrick\u00e9 praxe.<\/p><p>Yamantaku popularizovaly i d\u011bjiny um\u011bn\u00ed. Velk\u00e9 v\u00fdstavy tibetsk\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed pravideln\u011b ukazovaly yamantakovsk\u00e9 <em>thangky<\/em> a bronzy, jejich\u017e vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edla na publikum siln\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed. V kataloz\u00edch sb\u00edrek a muzejn\u00edch pr\u016fvodc\u00edch pat\u0159\u00ed Yamantaka k nej\u010dast\u011bji vysv\u011btlovan\u00fdm hn\u011bviv\u00fdm bo\u017estv\u016fm, co\u017e zp\u011btn\u011b utv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jeho obraz v obecn\u00e9m pov\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/p><p>V popkultu\u0159e se jm\u00e9no ob\u010das objevuje, v\u011bt\u0161inou v povrchn\u00edm smyslu jako d\u011bsiv\u00e1 postava, bez tantrick\u00e9ho pozad\u00ed. Takov\u00e9 u\u017eit\u00ed vytrh\u00e1v\u00e1 Yamantaku z jeho syst\u00e9mu a m\u00edj\u00ed \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed my\u0161lenku, \u017ee jde o moudrost v hn\u011bviv\u00e9 podob\u011b.<\/p><p>V\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed naopak zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee hn\u011bv Yamantaky nesm\u011b\u0159uje proti lidem, ale proti vnit\u0159n\u00edm p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m na cest\u011b k osv\u00edcen\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm proti lp\u011bn\u00ed na trval\u00e9m j\u00e1 a proti strachu ze smrti.<\/p><p>V\u011bdeck\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, od z\u00e1kladn\u00edho d\u00edla Nebesk\u00e9ho-Wojkowitze p\u0159es textov\u00e9 studie Sikl\u00f3se a\u017e po nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ikonografick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, poskytuje pot\u0159ebnou korekci proti zjednodu\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdklad\u016fm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145362\">Manju\u0161r\u00ed, vlastn\u00ed m\u00edrumilovn\u00e1 hlavn\u00ed forma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145295\">Jama, p\u0159emo\u017een\u00fd protivn\u00edk<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145303\">Jama (buddhismus), p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e1 buddhistick\u00e1 forma smrti<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145307\">Mahakala, p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e1 hn\u011bviv\u00e1 forma<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145327\">Bhairava, hinduistick\u00fd ko\u0159en<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145169\">Buddhismus, p\u0159ehled panteonu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145234\">Vysok\u00e1 bo\u017estva, podkategorie<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (v\u00fdb\u011br)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Linrothe, Rob: <em>Ruthless Compassion. Wrathful Deities in Early Indo-Tibetan Esoteric Buddhist Art<\/em>. London 1999.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Siklos, Bulcsu: <em>The Vajrabhairava Tantras. Tibetan and Mongolian Versions<\/em>. Tring 1996.<\/span><\/li><li>Tsongkhapa: <em>Sechs Yogas Yamantakas<\/em> (tibetsk\u00e9 p\u0159eklady).<\/li><li>Walde, Christine (Hg.): <em>Der Neue Pauly<\/em> (heslo \u201eYamantaka\u201c).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed d\u00edla v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145257\">seznamu literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67db2d7 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"67db2d7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b684848 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b684848\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o Yamantace<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Kdo je Yamantaka v tibetsk\u00e9m buddhismu?<\/h3><p>Yamantaka (sanskrt, p\u0159emo\u017eitel Jamy, tedy boha smrti) je hn\u011bviv\u00e1 podoba b\u00f3dhisattvy moudrosti Manju\u0161r\u00edho. Naz\u00fdv\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 Vad\u017erabhairava a je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za jedno z nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch medita\u010dn\u00edch bo\u017estev \u0161koly gelug.<\/p><p>Yamantaka je zobrazov\u00e1n s b\u00fd\u010d\u00ed hlavou, mnoha tv\u00e1\u0159emi, mnoha pa\u017eemi a nohama, obklopen plameny. Jeho \u00fakolem je p\u0159emoci samu smrt, tedy p\u0159ekonat nev\u011bdomost, kter\u00e1 bytosti znovu a znovu nut\u00ed do kolob\u011bhu zrozen\u00ed a smrti.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Pro\u010d se m\u00edrn\u00fd Manju\u0161r\u00ed objevuje jako d\u011bsiv\u00fd Yamantaka?<\/h3><p>V tantrick\u00e9m buddhismu plat\u00ed z\u00e1sada, \u017ee smrti m\u016f\u017ee vzdorovat jen s\u00edla, kter\u00e1 je je\u0161t\u011b mocn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ona sama. M\u00edrumilovn\u00fd b\u00f3dhisattva moudrosti Manju\u0161r\u00ed proto p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 stra\u0161livou podobu Yamantaky, aby boha smrti Jamu p\u0159emohl jeho vlastn\u00edmi zbran\u011bmi.<\/p><p>Hn\u011bviv\u00e1 podoba tedy nen\u00ed v\u00fdrazem hn\u011bvu v obvykl\u00e9m smyslu, n\u00fdbr\u017e soucitn\u00e9 odhodlanosti. Yamantaka je jedn\u00edm ze t\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00edch bo\u017estev, do jejich\u017e praxe byl zasv\u011bcen Congkhapa, zakladatel \u0161koly gelug.<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Kdo je Yamantaka v tibetsk\u00e9m buddhismu?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Yamantaka (sanskrt, p\u0159emo\u017eitel Jamy, tedy boha smrti) je hn\u011bviv\u00e1 podoba b\u00f3dhisattvy moudrosti Manju\u0161r\u00edho. Naz\u00fdv\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 Vad\u017erabhairava a je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za jedno z nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch medita\u010dn\u00edch bo\u017estev \u0161koly gelug. Yamantaka je zobrazov\u00e1n s b\u00fd\u010d\u00ed hlavou, mnoha tv\u00e1\u0159emi, mnoha pa\u017eemi a nohama, obklopen plameny. Jeho \u00fakolem je p\u0159emoci samu smrt, tedy p\u0159ekonat nev\u011bdomost, kter\u00e1 bytosti znovu a znovu nut\u00ed do kolob\u011bhu zrozen\u00ed a smrti.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Pro\u010d se m\u00edrn\u00fd Manju\u0161r\u00ed objevuje jako d\u011bsiv\u00fd Yamantaka?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"V tantrick\u00e9m buddhismu plat\u00ed z\u00e1sada, \u017ee smrti m\u016f\u017ee vzdorovat jen s\u00edla, kter\u00e1 je je\u0161t\u011b mocn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ona sama. M\u00edrumilovn\u00fd b\u00f3dhisattva moudrosti Manju\u0161r\u00ed proto p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 stra\u0161livou podobu Yamantaky, aby boha smrti Jamu p\u0159emohl jeho vlastn\u00edmi zbran\u011bmi. Hn\u011bviv\u00e1 podoba tedy nen\u00ed v\u00fdrazem hn\u011bvu v obvykl\u00e9m smyslu, n\u00fdbr\u017e soucitn\u00e9 odhodlanosti. Yamantaka je jedn\u00edm ze t\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00edch bo\u017estev, do jejich\u017e praxe byl zasv\u011bcen Congkhapa, zakladatel \u0161koly gelug.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1770,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Yamantaka","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Yamantaka \u2013 P\u0159emo\u017eitel smrti","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Yamantaka, p\u0159emo\u017eitel smrti a st\u011b\u017eejn\u00ed medita\u010dn\u00ed bo\u017estvo tibetsk\u00e9ho buddhismu. 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