{"id":145243,"date":"2026-09-03T16:28:27","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:28:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145243"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:50:46","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:50:46","slug":"hades","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145243\" class=\"elementor elementor-145243 elementor-1882 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00e1d\u00e9s, b\u016fh \u0159eck\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00e1d\u00e9s je b\u016fh \u0159eck\u00e9 tradice.<\/p><p>Vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed, bratr Dia a Poseidona, neviditeln\u00fd vl\u00e1dce \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mrtv\u00fdch. H\u00e1d\u00e9s vl\u00e1dne \u0159\u00ed\u0161i zesnul\u00fdch bez n\u00e1roku na Olymp, se sv\u00fdmi bratry si po v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad Tit\u00e1ny rozd\u011blil sv\u011bt, ale v\u011bdom\u011b si ponechal podsv\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p><p>Jeho jm\u00e9no bylo pro \u0158eky natolik zlov\u011bstn\u00e9, \u017ee jej v\u011bt\u0161inou ozna\u010dovali opisn\u011b: <em>Pl\u00fatos<\/em>, Bohat\u00fd; <em>Polydegm\u00f3n<\/em>, Ten, jen\u017e p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 mnoh\u00e9; <em>Eubuleus<\/em>, Dob\u0159e rad\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p><p>H\u00e1d\u00e9s je nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm bohem podsv\u011bt\u00ed v \u0158ecku. Je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za \u0159eck\u00e9 bo\u017estvo mrtv\u00fdch a dodnes utv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edstavu o smrti a podsv\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"B\u016fh \/ bohyn\u011b: Personifikovan\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed moc v panteonu dan\u00e9 kultury, s jasn\u011b vymezen\u00fdmi oblastmi p\u016fsobnosti \u2013 silami p\u0159\u00edrody, osudem, v\u00e1lkou, plodnost\u00ed. Uct\u00edvan\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kult\u016f, ob\u011bt\u00ed a chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch instituc\u00ed.\">B\u016fh<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145121\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed a mytologie starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0158ecka od myk\u00e9nsk\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed a\u017e po pozdn\u00ed antiku.\">\u0158ecko<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145235\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bohov\u00e9 podsv\u011bt\u00ed a smrti, vl\u00e1dci z\u00e1hrob\u00ed, soudci mrtv\u00fdch, pr\u016fvodci du\u0161\u00ed.\">Bo\u017estvo mrtv\u00fdch<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1724\" alt=\"H\u00e1d\u00e9s\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00e1d\u00e9s<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Rychl\u00fd p\u0159ehled: H\u00e1d\u00e9s<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Hlavn\u00ed \u0159eck\u00e9 bo\u017estvo, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn boh\u016f dan\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">Panteon<\/span>: \u0158ecko (jeden ze t\u0159\u00ed bratr\u016f po Diovi a Poseidonovi)<br>Funkce: vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed, str\u00e1\u017ece mrtv\u00fdch, vlastn\u00edk bohatstv\u00ed<br>Hlavn\u00ed atributy: p\u0159ilba neviditelnosti (H\u00e1dova p\u0159ilba), dvojzubec, v\u011bnec z cyp\u0159i\u0161e, Kerberos<br>Hlavn\u00ed kultovn\u00ed m\u00edsta: Eleusis, Hermion\u00e9 (Argolida), Pylos, Lokroi Epizefyrioi<br>\u0158\u00edmsk\u00fd prot\u011bj\u0161ek: Pluto \/ Dis Pater<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Historick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00e1d\u00e9s je od Hom\u00e9ra (8. stol. p\u0159. n. l.) \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed postavou \u0159eck\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn dochovan\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o boz\u00edch dan\u00e9 kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytologie<\/span>. Jeho jm\u00e9no <em>Aid\u00e9s<\/em> (\u201eNeviditeln\u00fd\u201c) bylo tabu, v lidov\u00e9m kultu byl \u010dasto naz\u00fdv\u00e1n <em>Pl\u00fatos<\/em> (\u201eBohat\u00fd\u201c), eufemismus, kter\u00fdm se jeho jm\u00e9no obch\u00e1zelo.<\/p><p>V Eleusin\u011b je man\u017eelem Persefony v r\u00e1mci myst\u00e9ri\u00ed. V hel\u00e9nisticko-\u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 dob\u011b byl p\u0159evzat jako Pluto \/ Dis Pater, v k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 pozdn\u00ed antice z\u016fstal jako <em>Pluton-H\u00e1d\u00e9s<\/em> zachov\u00e1n coby personifikace podsv\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vlastn\u00ed H\u00e1dovy <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1my<\/span> jsou vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 (jeho jm\u00e9no bylo tabu). Hlavn\u00ed kultovn\u00ed m\u00edsta: <strong>Eleusis<\/strong> (uct\u00edv\u00e1n jako Pl\u00fatos v r\u00e1mci Persefonsk\u00fdch myst\u00e9ri\u00ed), <strong>Hermion\u00e9<\/strong> (Argolida, Pausanias zmi\u0148uje zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed H\u00e1d\u016fv <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dan\u00e9ho bo\u017estva nebo posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 bytosti.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span>), Pylos, Lokroi Epizefyrioi. V Eleusin\u011b lze dodnes nav\u0161t\u00edvit jeskyni <em>Plutonion<\/em>, jeho \u00fadajn\u00fd vstup do podsv\u011bt\u00ed. V \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed byl roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en v Pompej\u00edch a v \u0158\u00edm\u011b (komplex Iseum).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 prameny: H\u00e9siodos (<em>Theogonie<\/em>), Hom\u00e9rova \u00cdlias a Odysseia (kniha XI, Odysseova nekyia), <em>Hom\u00e9rsk\u00fd hymnus na D\u00e9m\u00e9t\u00e9r<\/em> (\u00fanos Persefony), Apollod\u00f3ros <em>Biblioth\u00e9ka<\/em>, Vergilius <em>Aeneis<\/em>, kniha VI, Pausanias <em>Cesta po \u0158ecku<\/em>. Sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed literatura: Sourvinou-Inwood, <em>&#8222;Reading&#8220; Greek Death<\/em>; Garland, <em>The Greek Way of Death<\/em>; Burkert, <em>Griechische Religion<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no a varianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0158ecky:<\/strong> \u1f0d\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 (H\u00e1id\u00e9s), p\u016fvodn\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b \u201eNeviditeln\u00fd\u201c (od *a-wid- \u201enevid\u011bt\u201c). V klasick\u00e9 dob\u011b tak\u00e9 \u1f08\u0390\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 (A\u00efd\u00e9s). P\u0159\u00edzviska: <em>Pl\u00fatos<\/em> (Bohat\u00fd, od pl\u00fatos \u201ebohatstv\u00ed\u201c), kv\u016fli podzemn\u00edm nerostn\u00fdm poklad\u016fm. <em>Polydegm\u00f3n<\/em> (Ten, jen\u017e p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 mnoh\u00e9), <em>Eubuleus<\/em> (Dob\u0159e rad\u00edc\u00ed), <em>Klymenos<\/em> (Slavn\u00fd), <em>Agesilaos<\/em> (V\u016fdce lidu mrtv\u00fdch).<\/p><p>\u0158\u00edmsk\u00fd prot\u011bj\u0161ek: Pluto (latinsky Pluto, z \u0159ec. Pl\u00fatos); tak\u00e9 Dis Pater (\u201ebohat\u00fd otec\u201c) jako vlastn\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 forma. Etruskyy: Aita. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed: bratr Dia a Poseidona, syn Kronova a Rheina, man\u017eel Persefony (dcery D\u00e9m\u00e9t\u00e9r).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Povahov\u00e9 rysy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Vzhled<\/strong><\/p><p>H\u00e1d\u00e9s je zobrazov\u00e1n jako zral\u00fd, vousat\u00fd mu\u017e, vzhledem podobn\u00fd Diovi, av\u0161ak v\u011bt\u0161inou s temn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm, v\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdrazem. V ruce dr\u017e\u00ed \u017eezlo s pta\u010d\u00ed hlavou nebo dvojzubou h\u016fl.<\/p><p>Jeho p\u0159ilba neviditelnosti, dar Kyklop\u016f, jej \u010din\u00ed neviditeln\u00fdm; tuto p\u0159ilbu p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostn\u011b p\u016fj\u010duje boh\u016fm i hrdin\u016fm. Jeho v\u016fz t\u00e1hnou \u010dty\u0159i \u010dern\u00ed kon\u011b. Po jeho boku nebo u jeho nohou le\u017e\u00ed t\u0159\u00edhlav\u00fd pekeln\u00fd pes Kerberos.<\/p><p><strong>Podstata a p\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>H\u00e1d\u00e9s nen\u00ed samotn\u00e1 \u201esmrt\u201c, tou je Thanatos. Je spr\u00e1vcem \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mrtv\u00fdch, spravedliv\u00fd a ne\u00faplatn\u00fd, ale nesmi\u0159iteln\u00fd. Kdo se jednou dostane do jeho \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, vrac\u00ed se odtud jen v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b (Orfeus, Herakles, Odysseova nekyia).<\/p><p>Na rozd\u00edl od sv\u00fdch olympsk\u00fdch sourozenc\u016f se H\u00e1d\u00e9s z\u0159\u00eddka vm\u011b\u0161uje do pozemsk\u00fdch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed, jedinou velkou v\u00fdjimkou je \u00fanos Persefony, kter\u00fd vede ke st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00ed a k eleus\u00ednsk\u00e9mu myst\u00e9riov\u00e9mu kultu.<\/p><p><strong>Vzhled a symbolika<\/strong><\/p><p>H\u00e1d\u00e9s je zobrazov\u00e1n jako vousat\u00fd, zral\u00fd mu\u017e, \u010dasto se \u017eezlem nebo korunou (p\u0159ilbou neviditelnosti, adamantem). Jeho barvou je \u010dern\u00e1 nebo tmav\u011b modr\u00e1, barva podsv\u011bt\u00ed. Lebka, koruna a dvojzubec jsou jeho atributy.<\/p><p>Pes Kerberos, t\u0159\u00edhlav\u00fd str\u00e1\u017ece H\u00e1dovy \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, je jeho v\u011brn\u00fdm spole\u010dn\u00edkem. Zasv\u011bceny mu byly m\u00e1k a cyp\u0159i\u0161. Na rozd\u00edl od Diova blesku nebo Poseidonova trojzubce je H\u00e1dova moc nen\u00e1padn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, neviditeln\u00e1, nevyhnuteln\u00e1. Podsv\u011bt\u00ed samo je jeho t\u011blem, \u0159eka H\u00e1du jeho dechem.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: H\u00e1d\u00e9s<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aspekty H\u00e1da na prvn\u00ed pohled. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed pole shrnuj\u00ed p\u016fvod, funkci, vzhled, uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, symboly a paralely.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00e1d\u016fv p\u016fvod<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00e1d\u00e9s je synem Krona a Rheie, star\u0161\u00edm bratrem Zeuse, Poseidona, H\u00e9ry, D\u00e9m\u00e9t\u00e9r a Hestie. P\u0159i rozd\u011blen\u00ed sv\u011bta po v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad Tit\u00e1ny dostal Zeus nebe, Poseidon mo\u0159e a H\u00e1d\u00e9s podsv\u011bt\u00ed, a to losem, nikoli volbou.<\/p><p>Man\u017eel <em>Persefony<\/em>, kterou unesl z povrchu, \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed H\u00e1d\u016fv <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o boz\u00edch, po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch a uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtus<\/span>. Na rozd\u00edl od sv\u00fdch bratr\u016f m\u00e1 jen m\u00e1lo milostn\u00fdch avant\u00fdr \u010di potomk\u016f, p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b se omezuje na svou dom\u00e9nu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00e1dova funkce<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed, nikoli soudce mrtv\u00fdch (to jsou M\u00edn\u00f3s, Rhadamanthys a Aiakos), ale nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1n t\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Str\u00e1\u017ece mrtv\u00fdch: z jeho \u0159\u00ed\u0161e se nikdo nevrac\u00ed, krom\u011b zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho svolen\u00ed boh\u016f (Orfeus, Herakles, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b Persefona). Jako <em>Pl\u00fat\u00f3n<\/em> je tak\u00e9 patronem bohatstv\u00ed, nerostn\u00fdch surovin, obiln\u00edch z\u00e1sob a nerostn\u00fdch poklad\u016f z zem\u011b. V eleus\u00ednsk\u00e9m <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010den\u00e9ho bo\u017estva nebo svat\u00e9 bytosti.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultu<\/span> p\u0159eva\u017euje jeho chtonicko-plodiv\u00fd aspekt.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00e1dova podoba<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zral\u00e1, d\u016fstojn\u00e1 mu\u017esk\u00e1 postava s hust\u00fdmi kade\u0159emi a plnovousem, podobn\u00e1 Zeusovi, av\u0161ak p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a temn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. <em>Aidova helma<\/em> (p\u0159\u00edlba nevidomosti, vykovan\u00e1 Kyklopy) je jeho hlavn\u00edm atributem, d\u011bl\u00e1 jej neviditeln\u00fdm.<\/p><p><em>Bidens<\/em> (dvojzubec, podobn\u00fd Poseidonovu trojzubci), <em>cyp\u0159i\u0161ov\u00fd v\u011bnec<\/em> (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, kter\u00fd zastupuje ur\u010ditou p\u0159edstavu nebo v\u00fdznam.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> smutku), na n\u011bkter\u00fdch zobrazen\u00edch <em>gran\u00e1tov\u00e9 jablko<\/em> (v souvislosti s poutem k Persefon\u011b). Doprov\u00e1z\u00ed jej trojhlav\u00fd pes <em>Kerberos<\/em>. Na lokroisk\u00fdch pinak\u00e1ch je \u010dasto zobrazen na tr\u016fn\u011b vedle Persefony. Barva jeho pleti b\u00fdv\u00e1 tmav\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u Zeuse.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00e1dovo uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Oblast p\u016fsoben\u00ed:<\/strong> H\u00e1d\u00e9s byl p\u0159\u00edmo vz\u00fdv\u00e1n jen z\u0159\u00eddka, jeho jm\u00e9no platilo za tabu. \u010cast\u011bji byl vz\u00fdv\u00e1n jako <em>Pl\u00fat\u00f3n<\/em> (bohatstv\u00ed), <em>Klymenos<\/em> (\u201eslavn\u00fd\u201c) nebo <em>Eub\u00faleus<\/em> (\u201edob\u0159e rad\u00edc\u00ed\u201c). V Eleus\u00edn\u011b byl jako Pl\u00fat\u00f3n zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed.<\/p><p>V osobn\u00edm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010den\u00e9ho bo\u017estva nebo svat\u00e9 bytosti.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultu<\/span> bylo prov\u00e1d\u011bno <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prosebn\u00e9 nebo zakl\u00ednac\u00ed osloven\u00ed bo\u017estva \u010di moci.\" tabindex=\"0\">vz\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span> za bezpe\u010dnou smrt (milosrdnou smrt). P\u0159i poh\u0159bech se p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ely zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed ob\u011bti (\u010dern\u00e1 jeh\u0148ata, prasata). P\u0159i p\u0159\u00edsah\u00e1ch byl pod jm\u00e9nem H\u00e1d\u00e9s vz\u00fdv\u00e1n jen z\u0159\u00eddka, proto\u017ee to v sob\u011b neslo i pod\u00edl hn\u011bvu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00e1dovy symboly<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Aidova helma (p\u0159\u00edlba nevidomosti), bidens (dvojzubec), cyp\u0159i\u0161ov\u00fd v\u011bnec, Kerberos (trojhlav\u00fd pes), gran\u00e1tov\u00e9 jablko (v souvislosti s Persefonou), v\u016fz s \u010dern\u00fdmi ko\u0148mi, kl\u00ed\u010d (k zamyk\u00e1n\u00ed podsv\u011bt\u00ed). Rostliny: cyp\u0159i\u0161, asfodel, m\u00e1k, narcis (Persefonina kv\u011btina). Svat\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata: \u010dern\u00e9 ovce, Kerberos.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00e1dovy paralely<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Pl\u00fat\u00f3n<\/em> (\u0158\u00edm, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 toto\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159evzet\u00ed), <em>Dis Pater<\/em> (\u0158\u00edm, d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 forma), <em>Yamaraja<\/em> (hinduismus, soudce mrtv\u00fdch), <em>Jama<\/em> (buddhismus), <em>Anubis\/Usir<\/em> (Egypt, pr\u016fvodce mrtv\u00fdch a kr\u00e1l mrtv\u00fdch), <em>Hel<\/em> (germ\u00e1nsk\u00e1 mytologie, vl\u00e1dkyn\u011b podsv\u011bt\u00ed), <em>Mictlantecuhtli<\/em> (azt\u00e9ck\u00e1 mytologie, p\u00e1n Mictlanu), <em>Jenluo-wang<\/em> (\u010c\u00edna, p\u00e1n Diju), <em>Ere\u0161kigal<\/em> (Mezopot\u00e1mie, vl\u00e1dkyn\u011b podsv\u011bt\u00ed).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00e1d\u00e9s nebyl bohem ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho kultu, jeho jm\u00e9no se vyh\u00fdbalo u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1my<\/span> mu byly zasv\u011bceny z\u0159\u00eddka a st\u00e1ly obvykle odd\u011blen\u011b. V soukrom\u00e9 sf\u00e9\u0159e se jeho p\u0159\u00edtomnost projevovala p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve dvou souvislostech, v poh\u0159ebn\u00edch ritu\u00e1lech a v mysterijn\u00edch kultech.<\/p><p>P\u0159i poh\u0159bech dost\u00e1val zesnul\u00fd mezi zuby mince (Char\u00f3n\u016fv obolus) jako poplatek za p\u0159evoz u Char\u00f3na, ob\u010das i medov\u00e9 kol\u00e1\u010dky pro Kerbera. Smute\u010dn\u00ed ob\u0159ady (trita, enata) t\u0159et\u00edho a dev\u00e1t\u00e9ho dne po smrti se \u0159\u00eddily pevn\u00fdmi modlitbami k chtonick\u00fdm boh\u016fm. Rodinn\u00e9 hroby byly m\u00edsty trval\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de, poh\u0159ebn\u00ed hostiny (perideipnon) a pravideln\u00e9 ob\u011bti udr\u017eovaly vztah k zesnul\u00fdm \u017eiv\u00fd.<\/p><p>Eleus\u00ednsk\u00e1 myst\u00e9ria, v nich\u017e hr\u00e1li H\u00e1d\u00e9s a Persefona \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed roli, slibovala zasv\u011bcen\u00fdm lep\u0161\u00ed osud na onom sv\u011bt\u011b. P\u0159esn\u00e9 ob\u0159ady z\u016fst\u00e1valy na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159\u00edsahy ml\u010denlivosti utajeny, av\u0161ak H\u00e1d\u00e9s jako <em>Pl\u00fat\u00f3n<\/em> v myst\u00e9ri\u00edch vystupoval jako spravedliv\u00fd, m\u00e9n\u011b d\u011bsiv\u00fd aspekt sebe sam\u00e9ho.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00e1d\u00e9s, paralely v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0158\u00edmsk\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Pluto (p\u0159evzato z \u0159ec. Plouton) a Dis Pater (samostatn\u011b \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd). Splynut\u00ed s \u0159eck\u00fdm H\u00e1dem je beze\u0161v\u00e9. Lemuria a Parentalia jako \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd ekvivalent \u0159eck\u00fdch sv\u00e1tk\u016f zem\u0159el\u00fdch.<\/p><p><strong>Etrusk\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Aita (H\u00e1des) a jeho man\u017eelka Phersipnai (Persefona), \u010dasto zobrazovan\u00ed na etrusk\u00fdch sarkof\u00e1gech a n\u00e1st\u011bnn\u00fdch malb\u00e1ch. Etrusk\u00e1 p\u0159edstava o podsv\u011bt\u00ed ovlivnila \u0159\u00edmskou a prosv\u00edt\u00e1 i v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u0159ecko-\u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch v\u00fdtvarn\u00fdch d\u00edlech.<\/p><p><strong>Mezopot\u00e1msk\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Ere\u0161kigal jako vl\u00e1dkyn\u011b podsv\u011bt\u00ed (Kur, Irkalla), nen\u00ed mu\u017esk\u00e1 postava, ale funk\u010dn\u011b srovnateln\u00e1. Jej\u00ed man\u017eel Nergal odpov\u00edd\u00e1 aspektu H\u00e1da v mnoh\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edmo. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ein wiederkehrendes inhaltliches Element in Kunst oder Erz\u00e4hlung.\" tabindex=\"0\">Motiv<\/span> Inanniny cesty do podsv\u011bt\u00ed m\u00e1 strukturn\u00ed paralely k p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu Persefony.<\/p><p><strong>Egyptsk\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Funkce je rozd\u011blena mezi Osirida (vl\u00e1dce \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mrtv\u00fdch jako spravedliv\u00e9ho soudce), Anuba (pr\u016fvodce du\u0161\u00ed) a Hor-em-achbita (str\u00e1\u017ece mrtv\u00fdch). \u0158ecko-\u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00dcbergangsepoche zwischen Antike und Mittelalter, etwa 3. bis 7. Jahrhundert.\" tabindex=\"0\">pozdn\u00ed antika<\/span> spojila Osirida a H\u00e1da v <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Verschmelzung von Vorstellungen oder Gottheiten aus verschiedenen religi\u00f6sen Traditionen.\" tabindex=\"0\">synkretismu<\/span> Serapida.<\/p><p><strong>Hinduistick\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Jamar\u00e1d\u017ea jako vl\u00e1dce \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mrtv\u00fdch (Jamaloka), prvn\u00ed smrteln\u00edk, kter\u00fd nalezl cestu na onen sv\u011bt. Jamar\u00e1d\u017ea sd\u00edl\u00ed s H\u00e1dem funkci spravedliv\u00e9ho, ne\u00faplatn\u00e9ho soudce; na rozd\u00edl od H\u00e1da ale v \u0159\u00ed\u0161i mrtv\u00fdch nes\u00eddl\u00ed trvale, naopak ji pravideln\u011b nav\u0161t\u011bvuje.<\/p><p><strong>Germ\u00e1nsk\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Hel jako dcera Lokiho, vl\u00e1dkyn\u011b stejnojmenn\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mrtv\u00fdch Helheim. Funk\u010dn\u011b podobn\u00e1 H\u00e1dovi, ale s jin\u00fdm mor\u00e1ln\u00edm d\u016frazem: Helheim byl m\u00edstem pro zesnul\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed nepadli v boji, tedy nikoli nutn\u011b m\u00edstem trestu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdb03aa0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpdb03aa0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9451301 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9451301\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00danos Persefony a vznik ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1ce65fb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp1ce65fb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0f6c996 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp0f6c996\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Eine \u00fcberlieferte Erz\u00e4hlung \u00fcber G\u00f6tter, Urspr\u00fcnge und die Ordnung der Welt.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtem<\/span> o H\u00e1dovi je \u00fanos Persefony, podrobn\u011b vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00fd v hom\u00e9rsk\u00e9m hymnu na D\u00e9m\u00e9tru. H\u00e1d\u00e9s, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed, zatou\u017e\u00ed po Persefon\u011b, dce\u0159i D\u00e9m\u00e9try a Zeuse.<\/p><p>S tich\u00fdm souhlasem Zeuse se otev\u0159e zem\u011b, kdy\u017e d\u00edvka sb\u00edr\u00e1 kv\u011btiny, a H\u00e1d\u00e9s ji unese na sv\u00e9m voze do hlubin. D\u00e9m\u00e9t\u00e9r, bohyn\u011b obil\u00ed, zoufale hled\u00e1 svou dceru a ze \u017ealu zastav\u00ed r\u016fst na zemi, tak\u017ee hroz\u00ed hlad.<\/p><p>Zeus mus\u00ed zas\u00e1hnout a pos\u00edl\u00e1 Herma, aby Persefonu p\u0159ivedl zp\u011bt. H\u00e1d\u00e9s j\u00ed v\u0161ak p\u0159ed odchodem d\u00e1 k j\u00eddlu sem\u00ednka gran\u00e1tov\u00e9ho jablka. Kdo v podsv\u011bt\u00ed pojedl, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 s n\u00edm nav\u00e1z\u00e1n.<\/p><p>Uzav\u0159e se tedy kompromis: Persefona tr\u00e1v\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st roku se sv\u00fdm man\u017eelem v podsv\u011bt\u00ed a \u010d\u00e1st u sv\u00e9 matky. B\u011bhem odlou\u010den\u00ed D\u00e9m\u00e9t\u00e9r nedovol\u00ed nic r\u016fst, p\u0159i n\u00e1vratu dcery se zem\u011b znovu rozkvete.<\/p><p>Tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Eine \u00fcberlieferte Erz\u00e4hlung \u00fcber G\u00f6tter, Urspr\u00fcnge und die Ordnung der Welt.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtus<\/span> je klasick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem etiologick\u00e9ho m\u00fdtu, tedy vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vysv\u011btluje existuj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d, zde st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed a neplodn\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00ed doby. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je zakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edm m\u00fdtem eleusinsk\u00fdch myst\u00e9ri\u00ed, nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho \u0159eck\u00e9ho mysterijn\u00edho kultu.<\/p><p>Z religionistick\u00e9ho hlediska je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee H\u00e1d\u00e9s v tomto vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed temn\u00fdm z\u00e1por\u00e1kem, ale jedn\u00e1 jako legitimn\u00ed \u017eenich, kter\u00fd si dr\u017e\u00ed sv\u016fj pod\u00edl na \u0159\u00e1du v\u011bc\u00ed. Tvrdost cel\u00e9ho d\u011bje spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b v jeho zlov\u016fli ne\u017e v nevyhnutelnosti toho, co zt\u011bles\u0148uje.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc0f7b41 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpc0f7b41\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf9ff036 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf9ff036\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Geografie podsv\u011bt\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2c02935 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2c02935\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp15dd9ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp15dd9ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0158\u00ed\u0161e H\u00e1dova m\u011bla v \u0159eck\u00e9 p\u0159edstav\u011b p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed topografii, kter\u00e1 se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu stalet\u00ed d\u00e1le rozv\u00edjela. Mrtv\u00ed se do n\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed tak, \u017ee p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed jednu nebo v\u00edce \u0159ek.<\/p><p>Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je <em>Styx<\/em>, u kter\u00e9ho skl\u00e1daj\u00ed neporu\u0161iteln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsahy i bohov\u00e9; d\u00e1le se uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed <em>Acher\u00f3n<\/em>, <em>Kokytos<\/em>, \u0159eka n\u00e1\u0159ku, <em>Pyriflegeth\u00f3n<\/em>, ohniv\u00e1 \u0159eka, a <em>L\u00e9th\u00e9<\/em>, \u0159eka zapomn\u011bn\u00ed. P\u0159evozn\u00edk Char\u00f3n p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017e\u00ed mrtv\u00e9 za obolos, minci, kterou zesnul\u00e9mu vkl\u00e1dali do rakve.<\/p><p>Vchod hl\u00edd\u00e1 v\u00edcehlav\u00fd pes Kerberos, kter\u00fd nepust\u00ed \u017eiv\u00e9 dovnit\u0159 a mrtv\u00e9 ven. Uvnit\u0159 se rozprost\u00edraj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 oblasti. Asfodelov\u00e1 louka je m\u00edstem pobytu oby\u010dejn\u00fdch, st\u00ednov\u00fdch mrtv\u00fdch.<\/p><p><em>Tartaros<\/em> je nejhlub\u0161\u00ed propast, m\u00edsto trestu pro velk\u00e9 provinilce jako Tantala, Sisyfa nebo Tityose. <em>Elysejsk\u00e1 pole<\/em> neboli Ostrovy bla\u017een\u00fdch jsou naopak m\u00edstem dobr\u00e9ho osudu pro zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 vyvolen\u00e9; tato p\u0159edstava se rozv\u00edj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pramenech.<\/p><p>Nad osudy mrtv\u00fdch dohl\u00ed\u017eej\u00ed soudci, obvykle jmenovan\u00ed Min\u00f3s, Rhadamanthys a Aiakos. Tato rozvinut\u00e1 geografie posmrtn\u00e9ho \u017eivota nebyla p\u0159\u00edtomna od po\u010d\u00e1tku. U Hom\u00e9ra je podsv\u011bt\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b jednotv\u00e1rn\u00fdm, radost\u00ed zbaven\u00fdm m\u00edstem, kde v\u0161ichni mrtv\u00ed existuj\u00ed stejn\u011b jako bezmocn\u00e9 st\u00edny.<\/p><p>Teprve orfick\u00e9, pythagorejsk\u00e9 a filozofick\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy, patrn\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad u Pindara a Plat\u00f3na, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed my\u0161lenku odm\u011bny a trestu po smrti. B\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed ch\u00e1pe tento v\u00fdvoj jako odraz prom\u011b\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch se p\u0159edstav o spravedlnosti a individu\u00e1ln\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdf5a9d0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpdf5a9d0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb6d7d01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpb6d7d01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no, kter\u00e9 se nevyslovuje: eufemismy a kult<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp004bd9e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp004bd9e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpca45407 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpca45407\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00e1des zauj\u00edm\u00e1 v \u0159eck\u00e9m <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn boh\u016f ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteonu<\/span> zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed postaven\u00ed. Je olympsk\u00fdm bohem, jedn\u00edm ze t\u0159\u00ed syn\u016f Krona, kte\u0159\u00ed si po svr\u017een\u00ed Tit\u00e1n\u016f rozd\u011blili sv\u011bt: Zeus si vzal nebe, Poseid\u00f3n mo\u0159e a H\u00e1des podsv\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p><p>P\u0159esto nebyl uct\u00edv\u00e1n jako ostatn\u00ed olymp\u0161t\u00ed bohov\u00e9. \u0158ekov\u00e9 se \u0161t\u00edtili vyslovit jeho jm\u00e9no p\u0159\u00edmo, proto\u017ee u\u017e pouh\u00e9 vysloven\u00ed mohlo p\u0159in\u00e9st ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed.<\/p><p>M\u00edsto toho se pou\u017e\u00edvala kryc\u00ed jm\u00e9na. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je <em>Pl\u00fat\u00f3n<\/em>, Bohat\u00fd, kter\u00e9 nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na bohatstv\u00ed skryt\u00e9 pod zem\u00ed, na obil\u00ed rostouc\u00ed ze zem\u011b a na nerostn\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed.<\/p><p>Z tohoto p\u0159\u00edzviska vzniklo latinsk\u00e9 jm\u00e9no <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145280\">Pluto<\/a>. Dal\u0161\u00edmi opisn\u00fdmi jm\u00e9ny byly <em>Klymenos<\/em>, Slavn\u00fd, nebo <em>Eubuleus<\/em>, Dobr\u00fd r\u00e1dce. I samo jm\u00e9no H\u00e1des bylo ve <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Obdob\u00ed \u0159eck\u00e9 a \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 kultury, zhruba od 800 p\u0159. n. l. do 600 n. l.\" tabindex=\"0\">antice<\/span> \u010dasto vykl\u00e1d\u00e1no jako Nevidouc\u00ed, co\u017e je etymologie jazykov\u011b nepotvrzen\u00e1, ale dob\u0159e vystihuje podstatu boha.<\/p><p>Na rozd\u00edl od sv\u00fdch bratr\u016f postr\u00e1dal tento b\u016fh z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti vlastn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1my<\/span> a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sv\u00e1tky. Kde byl kultovn\u011b uct\u00edv\u00e1n, d\u011blo se to \u010dasto pod jm\u00e9nem Pl\u00fat\u00f3n, nez\u0159\u00eddka ve spojen\u00ed s Persefonou a D\u00e9m\u00e9t\u00e9r, nap\u0159\u00edklad v Eleusin\u011b.<\/p><p>Ob\u011bti pro H\u00e1dese byly chtonick\u00e9, tedy obr\u00e1cen\u00e9 k zemi. Ob\u011btovala se \u010dern\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata, krev se vyl\u00e9vala do j\u00e1my a ob\u011btuj\u00edc\u00ed odvraceli tv\u00e1\u0159. Z religionistick\u00e9ho hlediska tento n\u00e1lez ukazuje, \u017ee H\u00e1des nebyl ani tak postavou, na kterou se lid\u00e9 obraceli s prosbami. Byl sp\u00ed\u0161e zosobn\u011bn\u00edm oblasti, j\u00ed\u017e jsou v\u0161ichni \u017eiv\u00ed nevyhnuteln\u011b ur\u010deni a od n\u00ed\u017e se lid\u00e9 sna\u017eili udr\u017eet odstup prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se jeho jm\u00e9nu a ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed opatrnosti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd5f7637 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpd5f7637\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpee85b9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpee85b9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kdo vstoupil do H\u00e1du: Orfeus, H\u00e9rakl\u00e9s a hrani\u010d\u00e1\u0159i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf488011 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpf488011\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdba04dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpdba04dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00e1dova \u0159\u00ed\u0161e platila za kone\u010dnou, p\u0159esto <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o boz\u00edch, po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch a \u0159\u00e1du sv\u011bta.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtus<\/span> zn\u00e1 i postavy, kter\u00e9 do n\u00ed vstoupily \u017eiv\u00e9 a zase ode\u0161ly.<\/p><p>Tyto p\u0159echody hranice, <em>katabasis<\/em>, sestup, pat\u0159\u00ed k nejp\u016fsobiv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edm \u0159eck\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f z generace na generaci.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span>. Ukazuj\u00ed podsv\u011bt\u00ed zevnit\u0159, nikoli zven\u010d\u00ed, a zkoumaj\u00ed, co je mo\u017en\u00e9 i v\u016f\u010di smrti a co nikoli.<\/p><p>Orfeus, p\u011bvec, sestupuje dol\u016f, aby p\u0159ivedl zp\u011bt svou zesnulou \u017eenu Eurydiku. Jeho zp\u011bv dojme vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed a ti povol\u00ed n\u00e1vrat pod jednou podm\u00ednkou: Orfeus se na cest\u011b nahoru nesm\u00ed ohl\u00e9dnout na Eurydiku. T\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed v\u00fdchodem se ohl\u00e9dne a ona je nav\u017edy ztracena.<\/p><p>H\u00e9raklovi se naproti tomu jeho \u00fakol poda\u0159\u00ed: jako posledn\u00ed ze sv\u00fdch prac\u00ed mus\u00ed p\u0159iv\u00e9st nahoru hl\u00eddac\u00edho psa Kerbera, co\u017e se mu s H\u00e1dov\u00fdm svolen\u00edm a pouhou silou zda\u0159\u00ed. I Th\u00e9seus a Peirithoos sestupuj\u00ed dol\u016f, aby unesli Persefonu, ale ztroskotaj\u00ed a jsou uv\u011bzn\u011bni; Th\u00e9sea pozd\u011bji osvobod\u00ed H\u00e9rakl\u00e9s.<\/p><p>V <em>Odysseji<\/em> se Odysseus vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 na okraj podsv\u011bt\u00ed, aby se poradil s v\u011b\u0161tcem Teiresiem, a hovo\u0159\u00ed tam se st\u00edny mrtv\u00fdch. Tato vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed jsou v\u011bdecky pou\u010dn\u00e1, proto\u017ee liter\u00e1rn\u011b rozehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159edstavy o posmrtn\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b.<\/p><p>V\u0161echna d\u016fsledn\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed nezvratnost smrti: i ti nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hrdinov\u00e9 a nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u011bvec mohou hranici p\u0159ekro\u010dit jen v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b, jen za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek a v\u011bt\u0161inou jen ne\u00fapln\u011b. H\u00e1d\u00e9s v nich vystupuje jako str\u00e1\u017ece \u0159\u00e1du, kter\u00fd respektuj\u00ed i sami bohov\u00e9, nikoli jako sv\u00e9voln\u00fd tyran.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145277\">Persefona, man\u017eelka<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145314\">D\u00e9m\u00e9t\u00e9r, tchyn\u011b, protivnice v m\u00fdtu o Persefon\u011b<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145248\">Ch\u00e1ron, p\u0159evozn\u00edk jeho \u0159\u00ed\u0161e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145128\">Hekat\u00e9, pr\u016fvodkyn\u011b v m\u00fdtu o Persefon\u011b<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145121\">\u0158ecko, p\u0159ehled panteonu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145235\">Bohov\u00e9 smrti, podkategorie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145205\">Bohov\u00e9, p\u0159ehled kategori\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (v\u00fdb\u011br)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Sourvinou-Inwood, Christiane: <em>&#8222;Reading&#8220; Greek Death<\/em>. Oxford 1995.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Garland, Robert: <em>The Greek Way of Death<\/em>. London 1985.<\/span><\/li><li>Pausanias: <em>Beschreibung Griechenlands<\/em>.<\/li><li>Vergil: <em>Aeneis<\/em>, kniha VI.<\/li><li>Walde, Christine (vyd.): <em>Der Neue Pauly<\/em> (heslo \u201eHades\u201c).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dal\u0161\u00ed standardn\u00ed d\u00edla v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145257\">seznamu literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23c2b98 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"23c2b98\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-031b526 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"031b526\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>\u010cast\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o H\u00e1dovi<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Kdo byl H\u00e1des v \u0159eck\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn tradovan\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o boz\u00edch ur\u010dit\u00e9 kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytologii<\/span>?<\/h3><p>H\u00e1des (tak\u00e9 A\u00efd\u00e9s, Nevidouc\u00ed) je nejstar\u0161\u00ed syn Kronose a Rheie a jeden ze t\u0159\u00ed velk\u00fdch bratr\u016f v olympsk\u00e9m <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn boh\u016f ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteonu<\/span>. Po v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad Tit\u00e1ny si Zeus, Poseid\u00f3n a H\u00e1des rozd\u011blili \u0159\u00ed\u0161i: Zeus z\u00edskal nebe, Poseid\u00f3n mo\u0159e a H\u00e1des podsv\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p><p>H\u00e1des je vl\u00e1dcem \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mrtv\u00fdch; samotn\u00fdm bohem smrti je Thanatos. Je p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fd, ale spravedliv\u00fd. Na rozd\u00edl od pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edho k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho pekla nen\u00ed jeho \u0159\u00ed\u0161e m\u00edstem trestu, n\u00fdbr\u017e univerz\u00e1ln\u00edm ur\u010den\u00edm v\u0161ech mrtv\u00fdch.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi H\u00e1dem, Tartarem a Elysiem?<\/h3><p>V hel\u00e9nistick\u00e9 p\u0159edstav\u011b podsv\u011bt\u00ed existuj\u00ed t\u0159i hlavn\u00ed oblasti: H\u00e1des (Erebos) je neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161e oby\u010dejn\u00fdch mrtv\u00fdch. Tartaros je nejhlub\u0161\u00ed hlubina, m\u00edsto trestu pro zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 h\u0159\u00ed\u0161n\u00edky (Sisyfos, Tantalos, Ixi\u00f3n) a v\u011bzen\u00ed pro pora\u017een\u00e9 Tit\u00e1ny.<\/p><p>Elysium (Elysejsk\u00e1 pole) je m\u00edstem pobytu hrdin\u016f a ctnostn\u00fdch. U vchodu le\u017e\u00ed L\u00e9th\u00e9 (\u0159eka zapomn\u011bn\u00ed); kdo se z n\u00ed napije, zapomene sv\u016fj minul\u00fd \u017eivot. Char\u00f3n je p\u0159evozn\u00edkem p\u0159es Styx (\u0159eku nen\u00e1visti).<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Kdo byl H\u00e1des v \u0159eck\u00e9 mytologii?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"H\u00e1des (tak\u00e9 A\u00efd\u00e9s, Nevidouc\u00ed) je nejstar\u0161\u00ed syn Kronose a Rheie a jeden ze t\u0159\u00ed velk\u00fdch bratr\u016f v olympsk\u00e9m panteonu. Po v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad Tit\u00e1ny si Zeus, Poseid\u00f3n a H\u00e1des rozd\u011blili \u0159\u00ed\u0161i: Zeus z\u00edskal nebe, Poseid\u00f3n mo\u0159e a H\u00e1des podsv\u011bt\u00ed.H\u00e1des je vl\u00e1dcem \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mrtv\u00fdch; samotn\u00fdm bohem smrti je Thanatos. Je p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fd, ale spravedliv\u00fd. Na rozd\u00edl od pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edho k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho pekla nen\u00ed jeho \u0159\u00ed\u0161e m\u00edstem trestu, n\u00fdbr\u017e univerz\u00e1ln\u00edm ur\u010den\u00edm v\u0161ech mrtv\u00fdch.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi H\u00e1dem, Tartarem a Elysiem?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"V hel\u00e9nistick\u00e9 p\u0159edstav\u011b podsv\u011bt\u00ed existuj\u00ed t\u0159i hlavn\u00ed oblasti: H\u00e1des (Erebos) je neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161e oby\u010dejn\u00fdch mrtv\u00fdch. Tartaros je nejhlub\u0161\u00ed hlubina, m\u00edsto trestu pro zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 h\u0159\u00ed\u0161n\u00edky (Sisyfos, Tantalos, Ixi\u00f3n) a v\u011bzen\u00ed pro pora\u017een\u00e9 Tit\u00e1ny.Elysium (Elysejsk\u00e1 pole) je m\u00edstem pobytu hrdin\u016f a ctnostn\u00fdch. U vchodu le\u017e\u00ed L\u00e9th\u00e9 (\u0159eka zapomn\u011bn\u00ed); kdo se z n\u00ed napije, zapomene sv\u016fj minul\u00fd \u017eivot. Char\u00f3n je p\u0159evozn\u00edkem p\u0159es Styx (\u0159eku nen\u00e1visti).\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1724,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s","_yoast_wpseo_title":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s \u2013 vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed, \u0159eck\u00e9 bo\u017estvo mrtv\u00fdch","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed a \u0159eck\u00fd b\u016fh mrtv\u00fdch. P\u0159ilba neviditelnosti, Kerberos, eleus\u00ednsk\u00e1 myst\u00e9ria a jeho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 paralela Pluto.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"2","wesen_kultur":"griechenland","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-145243","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>H\u00e1d\u00e9s \u2013 vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed, \u0159eck\u00e9 bo\u017estvo mrtv\u00fdch<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u00e1d\u00e9s, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed a \u0159eck\u00fd b\u016fh mrtv\u00fdch. P\u0159ilba neviditelnosti, Kerberos, eleus\u00ednsk\u00e1 myst\u00e9ria a jeho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 paralela Pluto.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"H\u00e1d\u00e9s\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"H\u00e1d\u00e9s, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed a \u0159eck\u00fd b\u016fh mrtv\u00fdch. P\u0159ilba neviditelnosti, Kerberos, eleus\u00ednsk\u00e1 myst\u00e9ria a jeho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 paralela Pluto.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-03T16:50:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/\",\"name\":\"H\u00e1d\u00e9s \u2013 vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed, \u0159eck\u00e9 bo\u017estvo mrtv\u00fdch\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-03T16:28:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-03T16:50:46+00:00\",\"description\":\"H\u00e1d\u00e9s, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed a \u0159eck\u00fd b\u016fh mrtv\u00fdch. P\u0159ilba neviditelnosti, Kerberos, eleus\u00ednsk\u00e1 myst\u00e9ria a jeho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 paralela Pluto.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Bohov\u00e9 z \u0159eck\u00e9 tradice.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/?page_id=145107\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"H\u00e1d\u00e9s\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"cs\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"H\u00e1d\u00e9s\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-03T16:28:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-03T16:50:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/cs\\\/hades\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"description\":\"H\u00e1d\u00e9s, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed a \u0159eck\u00fd b\u016fh mrtv\u00fdch. P\u0159ilba neviditelnosti, Kerberos, eleus\u00ednsk\u00e1 myst\u00e9ria a jeho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 paralela Pluto.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s \u2013 vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed, \u0159eck\u00e9 bo\u017estvo mrtv\u00fdch","description":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed a \u0159eck\u00fd b\u016fh mrtv\u00fdch. P\u0159ilba neviditelnosti, Kerberos, eleus\u00ednsk\u00e1 myst\u00e9ria a jeho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 paralela Pluto.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/","og_locale":"cs_CZ","og_type":"article","og_title":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s","og_description":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed a \u0159eck\u00fd b\u016fh mrtv\u00fdch. P\u0159ilba neviditelnosti, Kerberos, eleus\u00ednsk\u00e1 myst\u00e9ria a jeho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 paralela Pluto.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-03T16:50:46+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s","datePublished":"2026-09-03T16:28:27+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-03T16:50:46+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp","inLanguage":"cs","description":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed a \u0159eck\u00fd b\u016fh mrtv\u00fdch. P\u0159ilba neviditelnosti, Kerberos, eleus\u00ednsk\u00e1 myst\u00e9ria a jeho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 paralela Pluto."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/","name":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s \u2013 vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed, \u0159eck\u00e9 bo\u017estvo mrtv\u00fdch","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-03T16:28:27+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-03T16:50:46+00:00","description":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed a \u0159eck\u00fd b\u016fh mrtv\u00fdch. P\u0159ilba neviditelnosti, Kerberos, eleus\u00ednsk\u00e1 myst\u00e9ria a jeho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 paralela Pluto.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"cs","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Bohov\u00e9 z \u0159eck\u00e9 tradice."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145107"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"cs"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s","datePublished":"2026-09-03T16:28:27+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-03T16:50:46+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/hades\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_griechenland_hades.webp","inLanguage":"cs","description":"H\u00e1d\u00e9s, vl\u00e1dce podsv\u011bt\u00ed a \u0159eck\u00fd b\u016fh mrtv\u00fdch. P\u0159ilba neviditelnosti, Kerberos, eleus\u00ednsk\u00e1 myst\u00e9ria a jeho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e1 paralela Pluto."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/145243","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=145243"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/145243\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1724"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=145243"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=145243"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}