{"id":145239,"date":"2026-09-03T16:28:24","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:28:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145239"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:50:39","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:50:39","slug":"brahma","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/brahma\/","title":{"rendered":"Brahma"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145239\" class=\"elementor elementor-145239 elementor-1874 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Brahma, b\u016fh hinduistick\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bo\u017estvo stvo\u0159en\u00ed v hinduismu, tv\u016frce vesm\u00edru a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Nejstar\u0161\u00ed indick\u00e9 texty (asi 1500\u2013500 p\u0159. n. l.); Rgv\u00e9da, S\u00e1mav\u00e9da, Jad\u017eurv\u00e9da a Atharvav\u00e9da.\">V\u00e9d<\/span>, sou\u010d\u00e1st Trim\u00farti. Brahma stoj\u00ed ve st\u0159edu hinduistick\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159edstava o uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159\u00e1du sv\u011bta v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00e9 kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">kosmologie<\/span> jako po\u010d\u00e1tek v\u0161ech v\u011bc\u00ed.<\/p><p>Zt\u011bles\u0148uje princip stvo\u0159en\u00ed samotn\u00e9ho, nikoli jako osobn\u00ed tv\u016frce v z\u00e1padn\u00edm slova smyslu, ale jako projev neosobn\u00edho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu absolutn\u00ed, beztvar\u00e9 byt\u00ed bez atribut\u016f; v upani\u0161ad\u00e1ch ch\u00e1p\u00e1no jako podstata ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho jevu.\">Brahmanu<\/span>, absolutn\u00edho principu sv\u011bta. Jeho role se z\u00e1sadn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od Vi\u0161nua, udr\u017eovatele, a \u0160ivy, ni\u010ditele a obnovitele.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"B\u016fh \/ bohyn\u011b: Zosobn\u011bn\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed moc v panteonu ur\u010dit\u00e9 kultury, s jasn\u00fdmi kompetencemi, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed s\u00edly, osud, v\u00e1lka, plodnost. Uct\u00edv\u00e1no kulty, ob\u011btmi a chr\u00e1mov\u00fdmi institucemi.\">B\u016fh<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145168\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Hinduistick\u00fd sv\u011bt boh\u016f, asur\u016f a ochrann\u00fdch bytost\u00ed, od v\u00e9dsk\u00e9ho po tantrick\u00fd.\">Hinduismus<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145234\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bohov\u00e9 panteonu, kosmick\u00e1 svrchovanost, aspekt stvo\u0159itele nebo vl\u00e1dce.\">Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bo\u017estvo<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_brahma-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1589\" alt=\"Brahma\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_brahma-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_brahma-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_brahma-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_brahma.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Brahma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Na prvn\u00ed pohled: Brahma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bo\u017estvo, b\u016fh stvo\u0159itel, projev Brahmanu<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn v\u0161ech boh\u016f ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">Panteon<\/span>: Hinduismus (Trim\u00farti)<br>Funkce: Stvo\u0159en\u00ed vesm\u00edru, zjeven\u00ed V\u00e9d, kosmick\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d<br>Hlavn\u00ed atributy: \u010cty\u0159i hlavy, \u010dty\u0159i pa\u017ee, labu\u0165 jako j\u00edzdn\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159e, knihy V\u00e9d, lotos<br>Hlavn\u00ed kultovn\u00ed m\u00edsta: Pu\u0161kar (R\u00e1d\u017easth\u00e1n), Sarasvat\u00ed-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1my<\/span><br>P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e1 bo\u017estva: Vi\u0161nu (udr\u017eovatel), \u0160iva (ni\u010ditel\/obnovitel), Sarasvat\u00ed (man\u017eelka, moudrost\/hudba)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontext<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed mezi generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">Tradice<\/span> spojen\u00e1 s Brahmou se rozprost\u00edr\u00e1 od Rgv\u00e9dy (asi 1500-1200 p\u0159. n. l.) a\u017e po Pur\u00e1ny (asi 300 p\u0159. n. l. a\u017e 900 n. l.). V Rgv\u00e9d\u011b se nejprve objevuje neosobn\u00ed pojet\u00ed Brahmanu (neutrum: princip sv\u011bta).<\/p><p>A\u017e v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00e9dsk\u00fdch textech (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Sb\u00edrka filosofick\u00fdch text\u016f na konci v\u00e9dsk\u00e9 tradice (asi 800\u2013500 p\u0159. n. l.); z\u00e1klad filosofie v\u00e9d\u00e1nty.\">upani\u0161ad\u00e1ch<\/span>, br\u00e1hman\u00e1ch) je Brahman ch\u00e1p\u00e1n jako osoba, a z tohoto abstraktn\u00edho principu se vyv\u00edj\u00ed podoba boha stvo\u0159itele Brahmy (mu\u017esk\u00fd rod). Pur\u00e1ny, zejm\u00e9na Brahma pur\u00e1na, Brahm\u00e1ndapur\u00e1na a M\u00e1rkandeja pur\u00e1na, poskytuj\u00ed nejpodrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace o jeho podob\u011b, skutc\u00edch a uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>Mytologick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p><em>Brahma<\/em>, b\u016fh stvo\u0159itel, je jedn\u00edm z nejstar\u0161\u00edch koncept\u016f hinduismu s ko\u0159eny ve v\u00e9dsk\u00e9m Brahmanu (absolutn\u00ed princip). A\u010dkoli je koncipov\u00e1n jako prvn\u00ed osoba Trim\u00farti, jeho aktivn\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed je paradoxn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9. Jeho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologie<\/span> zd\u016fraz\u0148uje v\u00e9dsk\u00fd koncept stvo\u0159en\u00ed jako cyklick\u00fd: Brahma tvo\u0159\u00ed, Vi\u0161nu udr\u017euje, \u0160iva ni\u010d\u00ed, a to se opakuje nekone\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Uct\u00edv\u00e1n po cel\u00e9m indick\u00e9m subkontinentu od v\u00e9dsk\u00e9 doby a\u017e po sou\u010dasnost, s t\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011bm v severn\u00ed Indii (R\u00e1d\u017easth\u00e1n, Uttarprad\u00e9\u0161, Gan\u017esk\u00e1 n\u00ed\u017eina). S \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm hinduismu do jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asie (Kambod\u017ea, Thajsko, Bali) se Brahma dost\u00e1v\u00e1 i do t\u011bchto oblast\u00ed, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 tam v\u0161ak \u010dasto ve st\u00ednu Vi\u0161nua a \u0160ivy.<\/p><p>Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm kultovn\u00edm m\u00edstem je Brahm\u016fv <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m<\/span> v Pu\u0161karu (R\u00e1d\u017easth\u00e1n), jedno z m\u00e1la m\u00edst, kde stoj\u00ed Brahma ve st\u0159edu uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>J\u00e1dro poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Rgv\u00e9dy, Jad\u017eurv\u00e9dy, upani\u0161ad (zejm\u00e9na Brahma upani\u0161ady a Mundaka upani\u0161ady) a Manuova z\u00e1kon\u00edku (Manusmrti, asi 200 p\u0159. n. l. a\u017e 200 n. l.).<\/p><p>Vypr\u00e1v\u011bc\u00ed rozvinut\u00ed nach\u00e1z\u00edme v Pur\u00e1n\u00e1ch, Mah\u00e1bh\u00e1rat\u011b a R\u00e1m\u00e1jan\u011b. Pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed koment\u00e1\u0159e filosof\u016f advaita-v\u00e9danty jako \u00c1di \u0160ankara (asi 788-820 n. l.) zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm neosobn\u00ed Brahman a vykl\u00e1daj\u00ed Brahmu (osobu) jako tv\u016frce z lotosu v r\u00e1mci kosmick\u00e9 hry (l\u00edla).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no a varianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Sanskrt:<\/strong> \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e (Brahma, mu\u017esk\u00fd rod, stvo\u0159itel), na rozd\u00edl od \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0928\u094d (Brahman, neutrum, princip sv\u011bta) a \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0923 (br\u00e1hman, kn\u011bz). P\u0159\u00eddomky: <em>Hiranjagarbha<\/em> (zrozen\u00fd ze zlat\u00e9ho vejce), <em>Lokadhjak\u0161a<\/em> (p\u00e1n sv\u011bt\u016f), <em>\u010caturmukha<\/em> (\u010dty\u0159tv\u00e1\u0159n\u00fd), <em>V\u00e9dav\u00e1hana<\/em> (nositel V\u00e9d), <em>Sra\u0161tri<\/em> (stvo\u0159itel).<\/p><p>V\u00e9dsk\u00e1 p\u0159edch\u016fdcovsk\u00e1 podoba: Brahman jako neosobn\u00ed princip sv\u011bta; hypost\u00e1ze k Brahmovi (osob\u011b) prob\u00edh\u00e1 od pozdn\u011b v\u00e9dsk\u00e9 doby po pur\u00e1nskou. P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 pojmy: <em>Brahma-s\u00fatry<\/em> (aforistick\u00e9 v\u00fdklady Brahmanu ve filosofii), <em>br\u00e1hm\u00ed p\u00edsmo<\/em> (p\u00edsmo).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Popis<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Vzhled<\/strong><\/p><p>Brahma je v hinduistick\u00e9 ikonografii d\u016fsledn\u011b zobrazov\u00e1n se \u010dty\u0159mi hlavami hled\u00edc\u00edmi do \u010dty\u0159 sv\u011btov\u00fdch stran, co\u017e je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, kter\u00fd zastupuje ur\u010ditou p\u0159edstavu nebo v\u00fdznam.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> jeho v\u0161ev\u011bdoucnosti a jeho spojen\u00ed se \u010dty\u0159mi sv\u011btov\u00fdmi stranami, ale i se \u010dty\u0159mi V\u00e9dami. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 hlava nese vousy a \u010dasto \u010dervenou nebo zlatou barvu pleti.<\/p><p>Sed\u00ed na r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9m lotosu (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, kter\u00fd zastupuje ur\u010ditou p\u0159edstavu nebo v\u00fdznam.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> \u010distoty a rozvoje) a jede na labuti (<em>hamsa<\/em>), nositelce jeho mudrosti a schopnosti rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p>Jeho \u010dty\u0159i ruce dr\u017e\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 atributy: v jedn\u00e9 ruce V\u00e9dy (knihy nebo svitky), v druh\u00e9 r\u016f\u017eenec (mala), ve t\u0159et\u00ed n\u00e1dobu na vodu (<em>kamandalu<\/em>) a n\u011bkdy lotos. Jeho od\u011bv je \u010dasto b\u00edl\u00fd nebo \u010derven\u00fd, symbolizuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010distotu, resp. tvo\u0159ivost.<\/p><p><strong>Podstata a p\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Brahma nen\u00ed v\u011b\u010dn\u00fd ani nezni\u010diteln\u00fd, tuto roli zast\u00e1v\u00e1 samotn\u00fd Brahman. Brahma je sp\u00ed\u0161e \u010dasov\u011b omezen\u00fdm v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm \u010dinitelem kosmick\u00fdch funkc\u00ed: v ka\u017ed\u00e9m kosmick\u00e9m cyklu (kalpa) tvo\u0159\u00ed vesm\u00edr z kosmick\u00e9ho vejce (Hiranjagarbha), vtiskuje do n\u011bj V\u00e9dy a \u0159\u00edd\u00ed prostor a \u010das.<\/p><p>Po uplynut\u00ed jedn\u00e9 Brahmovy \u00e9ry (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 4,32 miliardy lidsk\u00fdch let) se vesm\u00edr rozpad\u00e1 a Brahma s\u00e1m se navrac\u00ed do Brahmanu, jen aby se v nov\u00e9m cyklu znovu zrodil.<\/p><p>T\u00edm se Brahma z\u00e1sadn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od monoteistick\u00e9ho stvo\u0159itelsk\u00e9ho boha Z\u00e1padu: m\u00edsto aby byl v\u0161emohouc\u00ed, je akt\u00e9rem v r\u00e1mci v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9, cyklick\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159edstava o uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159\u00e1du sv\u011bta v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00e9 kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">kosmologie<\/span>. Jeho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed kosmick\u00fdmi z\u00e1kony, nikoli libovolnou v\u016fl\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>Vzhled a symbolika<\/strong><\/p><p><em>Brahma<\/em> je zobrazov\u00e1n se \u010dty\u0159mi hlavami, \u010dty\u0159mi pa\u017eemi a \u010dervenavou nebo zlatou plet\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 hlava recituje jednu ze \u010dty\u0159 V\u00e9d. Nese r\u016f\u017eenec, n\u00e1dobu na vodu, v\u00e9dsk\u00fd text a n\u011bkdy \u017eezlo. Jeho jezdeck\u00fdm zv\u00ed\u0159etem je labu\u0165, nositelka pozn\u00e1n\u00ed. Jeho \u010derven\u00e1 barva zd\u016fraz\u0148uje aktivitu a tvo\u0159ivost.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Brahma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aspekty Brahmy v p\u0159ehledu. Tabulka shrnuje p\u016fvod, funkci, vzhled, uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, symboly a paralely.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fvod Brahmy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zrozen\u00fd z kosmick\u00e9ho vejce (Hiranjagarbha) nebo vze\u0161l\u00fd p\u0159\u00edmo z Brahmanu (pur\u00e1nsk\u00e9 varianty). V n\u011bkter\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edch je synem \u0160ivy a \u0160akti, v jin\u00fdch se manifestuje p\u0159\u00edmo z Brahmanu. Jeho existence je kosmicko-cyklick\u00e1, nikoli v\u011b\u010dn\u00e1, v ka\u017ed\u00e9 Brahmov\u011b \u00e9\u0159e je znovu stvo\u0159en a na jej\u00edm konci se navrac\u00ed do neprojeven\u00e9ho.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkce Brahmy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tv\u016frce viditeln\u00e9ho vesm\u00edru, vyklada\u010d a \u0161i\u0159itel \u010dty\u0159 V\u00e9d, prost\u0159edn\u00edk mezi absolutn\u00edm Brahmanem a projeven\u00fdm sv\u011btem. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed v platnost kosmick\u00e9 z\u00e1kony, tvo\u0159\u00ed prostor, \u010das, \u017eivly a v\u0161echny bytosti, bohy, lidi, zv\u00ed\u0159ata. Jeho tvo\u0159ivost v\u0161ak nen\u00ed v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sv\u00e9voln\u00e1: je v\u00e1z\u00e1na na kosmickou <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu, buddhismu a jainismu z\u00e1kon p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a n\u00e1sledku \u010din\u016f: ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010din se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch existenc\u00edch.\">karmu<\/span> a v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed z\u00e1kony.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zobrazen\u00ed<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u010cty\u0159i hlavy, \u010dty\u0159i pa\u017ee, b\u00edl\u00fd nebo \u010dervenav\u00fd vous, lotos a labu\u0165 jako jezdeck\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata. V\u00e9dsk\u00e9 knihy nebo svitky v jedn\u00e9 ruce, mala (r\u016f\u017eenec) v druh\u00e9, n\u00e1doba na vodu (kamandalu) ve t\u0159et\u00ed, lotos nebo \u017eezlo ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9. Sed\u00ed na r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9m lotosu, \u010dasto doprov\u00e1zen labut\u00ed (<em>hamsa<\/em>).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed Brahmy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dnes je m\u00e9n\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd ne\u017e Vishnu a \u0160iva, co\u017e v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed vysv\u011btluj\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pou\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, nej\u010dast\u011bji o \u017eivot\u011b svat\u00fdch.\" tabindex=\"0\">legendou<\/span>: mlad\u00fd Brahma se zamiloval do sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed dcery Saraswati a byl za to proklet tak, aby byl uct\u00edv\u00e1n jen m\u00e1lo.<\/p><p>Hlavn\u00edm kultovn\u00edm m\u00edstem je Brahm\u016fv <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m<\/span> v Pu\u0161karu (R\u00e1d\u017easth\u00e1n), v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 poutn\u00ed m\u00edsto s v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00edmi sv\u00e1tky (Kartik Purnima v \u0159\u00edjnu\/listopadu). Dal\u0161\u00ed svatyn\u011b se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v chr\u00e1mech Saraswati, nebo\u0165 Saraswati (Brahmani, jeho man\u017eelka) je zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00edm mudrosti a hudby. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar bo\u017estvu vyjad\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edk, prosbu nebo uct\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ob\u011btiny<\/span> tradi\u010dn\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed kv\u011btiny, ml\u00e9ko a rostlinn\u00e9 dary.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Symboly Brahmy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u00e9dy (Rigv\u00e9da, Jad\u017eurv\u00e9da, S\u00e1mav\u00e9da, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u010ctvrt\u00e1 V\u00e9da, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1000 p\u0159. n. l.; obsahuje nejstar\u0161\u00ed systematick\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 a za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1vac\u00ed formule indick\u00e9 tradice.\">Atharvav\u00e9da<\/span>), \u010dasto zobrazovan\u00e9 jako \u010dty\u0159i svitky nebo knihy. Lotos (\u010distota, vznik), labu\u0165 (schopnost rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, mudrost), r\u016f\u017eenec (meditace, cyklick\u00fd \u010das), n\u00e1doba na vodu (p\u016fvod, plodnost), koruna nebo diad\u00e9m (kosmick\u00e1 autorita).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 bytosti<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<em>Zeus<\/em> (\u0158ecko) jako nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bo\u017estvo a uspo\u0159adatel (funk\u010dn\u011b \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b podobn\u00fd, av\u0161ak Zeus uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1v\u00e1 ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00ed sv\u011bt, zat\u00edmco Brahma jej tvo\u0159\u00ed); <em>Anu<\/em> (Mezopot\u00e1mie) jako p\u016fvodn\u00ed hlava nebes, pozd\u011bji zatla\u010den\u00fd do pozad\u00ed; <em>El<\/em> (Levanta) jako nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed b\u016fh, funk\u010dn\u011b star\u0161\u00ed a mud\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed; <em>Demiurg<\/em> v gnostick\u00e9 filozofii jako tv\u016frce sv\u011bta, ale \u010dasto s negativn\u00edm n\u00e1dechem, zat\u00edmco Brahma p\u016fsob\u00ed neutr\u00e1ln\u011b kosmicky; <em>Amun-Ra<\/em> (Egypt) jako stvo\u0159itelsk\u00fd b\u016fh a zdroj ve\u0161ker\u00e9 moci.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Brahma zauj\u00edm\u00e1 v \u017eit\u00e9 praxi hinduismu dnes skromn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u00edsto ne\u017e Vi\u0161nu (s jeho avatary Kri\u0161nou a R\u00e1mou) nebo \u0160iva (ni\u010ditel a obnovitel).<\/p><p>To souvis\u00ed s filozofick\u00fdmi posuny: Bhakti hnut\u00ed st\u0159edov\u011bku se soust\u0159edilo na emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e1sku k Vi\u0161nuovi nebo \u0160ivovi, zat\u00edmco Brahma jako kosmick\u00fd \u0159emesln\u00edk pat\u0159\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e do oblasti abstraktn\u00ed meditace a filozofie.<\/p><p>V ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b se hinduist\u00e9 modl\u00ed k Brahmovi sp\u00ed\u0161e v okam\u017eic\u00edch duchovn\u00edho rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed nebo u\u010den\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch nebo p\u0159i ritu\u00e1lech spojen\u00fdch s otev\u0159en\u00edm nov\u00e9ho podniku \u010di jeho zalo\u017een\u00edm.<\/p><p>Jeho ochrann\u00e1 funkce se vztahuje na um\u011bleck\u00e9 a intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1m\u011bry. Na jeho hlavn\u00edm sv\u00e1tku Brahma Jayanti (v dubnu) se <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1my<\/span> zdob\u00ed kv\u011btinami a lampami a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u010clov\u011bk, kter\u00fd podnik\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eensky motivovanou cestu na svat\u00e9 m\u00edsto.\" tabindex=\"0\">poutn\u00edci<\/span> nav\u0161t\u011bvuj\u00ed Pu\u0161kar, aby se ritu\u00e1ln\u011b vykoupali ve svat\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Brahma, paralely v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>V\u00e9dsk\u00e1 a filozofick\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Koncept Brahmanu samotn\u00e9ho je nad\u010dasov\u00fd a transcendentn\u00ed, abstraktn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed verze \u201esv\u011btov\u00e9 substance\u201c ne\u017e Zeusova nadvl\u00e1da nad nebem. V\u00fdvoj od Brahmanu (neutrum) k Brahmovi (osobn\u00edmu bohu) odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed filozofick\u00e9 kompromisn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed: jak se m\u016f\u017ee Absolutno projevit samo? Brahma je odpov\u011bd\u00ed pur\u00e1n.<\/p><p><strong>Mezopot\u00e1msk\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Anu (sumersky An, akkadsky Anu) jako nejp\u016fvodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed b\u016fh nebes, pozd\u011bji nahrazen\u00fd Marduchem (Babylon), kter\u00fd aktivuje funkci stvo\u0159itele. Podobn\u011b jako Brahma je Anu v\u0161emocn\u00fd, ale ne aktivn\u011b tvo\u0159iv\u00fd v narativn\u00edm smyslu; teprve Marduch se st\u00e1v\u00e1 demiurgem \u0159\u00e1du.<\/p><p><strong>Egyptsk\u00e1 tradice:<\/strong> Amon-Re, uct\u00edvan\u00fd zejm\u00e9na v amarnsk\u00e9m obdob\u00ed jako v\u0161eb\u016fh. Amon je skryt\u00e1 s\u00edla, Re projev, podobn\u011b jako dichotomie Brahman-Brahma. Ptah jako stvo\u0159itel slovem a my\u0161lenkou (v memfidsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologii<\/span>) m\u00e1 s Brahmou spole\u010dn\u00e9 spojen\u00ed s duchovn\u00ed silou stoj\u00edc\u00ed za hmotou.<\/p><p><strong>Gnostick\u00e1 a novoplat\u00f3nsk\u00e1 filozofie:<\/strong> Demiurg v gnostick\u00e9m my\u0161len\u00ed jako stvo\u0159itel sv\u011bta, ov\u0161em \u010dasto hodnocen\u00fd kriticky jako nedokonal\u00fd nebo uv\u011bzn\u011bn\u00fd v hmot\u011b. Brahma je naproti tomu ch\u00e1p\u00e1n metafyzicky neutr\u00e1ln\u011b: jako nezbytn\u00e1 kosmick\u00e1 funkce, kter\u00e1 p\u016fsob\u00ed do\u010dasn\u011b a cyklicky, ani\u017e by byla zl\u00e1 \u010di nev\u011bdom\u00e1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd63f450 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpd63f450\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4ba9121 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp4ba9121\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zrozen\u00ed z lotosu: kosmogonick\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpcbfa631 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpcbfa631\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb6991bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpb6991bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mytologick\u00e9 zobrazen\u00ed Brahmy ho ukazuje p\u0159i stvo\u0159en\u00ed sv\u011bta. V roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 verzi z pur\u00e1n le\u017e\u00ed b\u016fh Vi\u0161nu na sv\u011btov\u00e9m hadu \u0160\u00e9\u0161ovi v kosmick\u00fdch prvotn\u00edch vod\u00e1ch.<\/p><p>Z jeho pupku vyr\u016fst\u00e1 lotos a na tomto lotosov\u00e9m kv\u011btu se objevuje Brahma, kter\u00fd nyn\u00ed rozv\u00edj\u00ed stvo\u0159en\u00ed. Tento ikonografick\u00fd motiv, Brahma na lotosu vyr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edm z Vi\u0161nuova pupku, pat\u0159\u00ed k pevn\u00fdm obrazov\u00fdm prvk\u016fm hinduismu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 Brahmu pod\u0159azuje Vi\u0161nuovi.<\/p><p>Star\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstava, dochovan\u00e1 v br\u00e1hman\u00e1ch a \u010d\u00e1stech upani\u0161ad, navazuje na postavu stvo\u0159itele Prad\u017e\u00e1patiho, kter\u00fd byl s Brahmou z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti ztoto\u017e\u0148ov\u00e1n. Zde vznik\u00e1 sv\u011bt prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar bo\u017estvu vyjad\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edky, prosbu nebo \u00factu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ob\u011bti<\/span>, \u017e\u00e1ru askeze (<em>tapas<\/em>) nebo rozd\u011blen\u00edm prvotn\u00edho vejce, <em>brahm\u00e1ndy<\/em>, \u201eBrahmova vejce\u201c.<\/p><p>V n\u011bkter\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edch Brahma p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed sv\u011bt na sv\u011bt t\u00edm, \u017ee se s\u00e1m d\u011bl\u00ed nebo ze sv\u00e9ho t\u011bla a sv\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e se p\u0159isuzuje p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">ducha<\/span> nech\u00e1v\u00e1 vzniknout r\u016fzn\u00fdm bytostem, mezi nimi \u201educhem zrozen\u00fdm syn\u016fm\u201c, z nich\u017e poch\u00e1zej\u00ed rody mudrc\u016f.<\/p><p>Badatel\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee tato odli\u0161n\u00e1 stvo\u0159itelsk\u00e1 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 vrstvy a \u0161koly indick\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch d\u011bjin; nikdy nespojuj\u00ed do jednoho bezrozporn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Spole\u010dn\u00e9 jim je, \u017ee Brahma zt\u011bles\u0148uje zosobn\u011bnou funkci stvo\u0159itele, tedy aspekt vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed v r\u00e1mci v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho kosmick\u00e9ho kolob\u011bhu vznik\u00e1n\u00ed a zanik\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0a98f4e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp0a98f4e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp172e3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp172e3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pro\u010d je Brahma sotva uct\u00edv\u00e1n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb5dce1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpb5dce1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2082675 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2082675\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Navzdory sv\u00e9mu postaven\u00ed boha stvo\u0159itele nem\u00e1 Brahma v dne\u0161n\u00edm hinduismu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vlastn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9ho bo\u017estva nebo posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 postavy.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span>. Zat\u00edmco Vi\u0161nu a \u0160iva jsou uct\u00edv\u00e1ni velk\u00fdmi proudy s nes\u010detn\u00fdmi chr\u00e1my, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1my<\/span> zasv\u011bcen\u00e9 Brahmovi jsou jen velmi ojedin\u011bl\u00e9. Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m<\/span> v Pu\u0161karu v R\u00e1d\u017easth\u00e1nu. Tento n\u00e1padn\u00fd nepom\u011br vyvolal ve v\u00fdzkumu r\u016fzn\u00e9 pokusy o vysv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/p><p>N\u011bkolik Pur\u00e1n uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed motiv kletby, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed vysv\u011btlit, pro\u010d Brahma nen\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n. V jednom roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9m vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed Brahmu prokl\u00edn\u00e1 mudrc nebo \u0160iva, proto\u017ee lhal nebo se choval pov\u00fd\u0161en\u011b; v jin\u00fdch verz\u00edch se na n\u011bj hn\u011bv\u00e1 jeho man\u017eelka.<\/p><p>Takov\u00e1 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed je v\u0161ak z n\u00e1bo\u017eenskov\u011bdn\u00edho hlediska t\u0159eba ch\u00e1pat sp\u00ed\u0161e jako dodate\u010dn\u00e9 zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edho stavu ne\u017e jako jeho p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu.<\/p><p>Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve v\u00fdvoji hinduistick\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pro\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd postoj a praxe \u010dlov\u011bka.\" tabindex=\"0\">zbo\u017enosti<\/span>. S n\u00e1stupem velk\u00fdch teistick\u00fdch proud\u016f, vi\u0161nuismu a \u0161ivaismu, v nich\u017e v\u017edy jedno nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost uct\u00edvan\u00e1 jako bo\u017esk\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017estvo<\/span> spojuje v sob\u011b v\u0161echny funkce, v\u010detn\u011b stvo\u0159en\u00ed, ztratil samostatn\u00fd b\u016fh stvo\u0159itel sv\u016fj kultovn\u00ed v\u00fdznam.<\/p><p>Brahma z\u016fstal d\u016fle\u017eitou teologickou a kosmologickou postavou, nap\u0159\u00edklad v u\u010den\u00ed o sv\u011btov\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00edch a v tri\u00e1d\u011b s Vi\u0161nuem a \u0160ivou, av\u0161ak p\u0159edm\u011btem roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 oddanosti se nestal. N\u00e1bo\u017eensko-v\u011bdn\u011b se na tom ukazuje, \u017ee teologick\u00e9 postaven\u00ed a skute\u010dn\u00e9 kultovn\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed se v hinduismu mohou rozch\u00e1zet.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe3c68bd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpe3c68bd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf64da54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf64da54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Brahm\u016fv den: po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fdch v\u011bk\u016f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4fbd9ed e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp4fbd9ed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa9f77d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa9f77d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jednou z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch funkc\u00ed Brahmy v hinduistick\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159edstava o stavb\u011b a uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00e9 kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">kosmologii<\/span> je jeho m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko \u010dasu. Pur\u00e1nsk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span> vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed stup\u0148ovit\u00fd syst\u00e9m obrovsky dlouh\u00fdch \u010dasov\u00fdch \u00fasek\u016f, kter\u00fd je v\u00e1z\u00e1n na d\u00e9lku Brahmova \u017eivota.<\/p><p>Z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi jednotkami jsou \u010dty\u0159i <em>yugy<\/em>, v\u011bky sv\u011bta, kter\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed jednu <em>mahayugu<\/em>. Tis\u00edc <em>mahayug<\/em> tvo\u0159\u00ed jednu <em>kalpu<\/em>, kter\u00e1 odpov\u00edd\u00e1 jednomu dni v \u017eivot\u011b Brahmy. <em>Kalpa<\/em> se d\u011bl\u00ed na \u010dtrn\u00e1ct \u00fasek\u016f, <em>manvantar<\/em>, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd vl\u00e1dne jeden Manu, praotec lidstva.<\/p><p>Po Brahmov\u011b dni n\u00e1sleduje noc stejn\u00e9 d\u00e9lky, b\u011bhem n\u00ed\u017e stvo\u0159en\u00fd sv\u011bt odpo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 nebo zanik\u00e1, aby byl n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho r\u00e1na znovu vytvo\u0159en. Podle tohoto po\u010dtu \u017eije Brahma sto takov\u00fdch &#8222;let&#8220;, pot\u00e9 zanik\u00e1 i on s\u00e1m a cel\u00fd cyklus za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 znovu.<\/p><p>P\u0159esn\u00e9 hodnoty se mezi texty li\u0161\u00ed, av\u0161ak z\u00e1kladn\u00ed princip je jednotn\u00fd. Vznik\u00e1 tak cyklick\u00e9, nikoli line\u00e1rn\u00ed ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasu, kter\u00e9 obsahuje \u010dasov\u00e9 \u00faseky v \u0159\u00e1du mnoha miliard let.<\/p><p>V\u011bdecky je tento syst\u00e9m d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd z n\u011bkolika d\u016fvod\u016f. Za\u0159azuje stvo\u0159en\u00ed do nekone\u010dn\u00e9ho kolob\u011bhu vznik\u00e1n\u00ed a zanik\u00e1n\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e i samotn\u00fd stvo\u0159itelsk\u00fd b\u016fh podl\u00e9h\u00e1 pom\u00edjivosti. T\u00edm relativizuje v\u00fdznam ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednotliv\u00e9ho stvo\u0159en\u00ed sv\u011bta.<\/p><p>A tvo\u0159\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro u\u010den\u00ed o sou\u010dasn\u00e9m v\u011bku, <em>kaliyuze<\/em>, kter\u00fd je pokl\u00e1d\u00e1n za posledn\u00ed a nejhor\u0161\u00ed ze \u010dty\u0159 <em>yug<\/em>. D\u00e9lka Brahmova \u017eivota tak nen\u00ed ani tak p\u0159edm\u011btem <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kr\u00e1tk\u00e9, osobn\u00ed nebo spole\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">zbo\u017en\u00e9 \u00favahy<\/span>, jako sp\u00ed\u0161e r\u00e1mcem, kter\u00fd d\u00e1v\u00e1 hinduistick\u00e9mu my\u0161len\u00ed o \u010dase, pom\u00edjivosti a n\u00e1vratu svou podobu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145332\">Vi\u0161nu, hinduismus<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145292\">\u0160iva, hinduismus<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145593\">Sarasvat\u00ed, hinduismus<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145237\">Zeus, \u0158ecko<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145238\">Anu, Mezopot\u00e1mie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145242\">Marduk, Mezopot\u00e1mie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145234\">Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bo\u017estva, podkategorie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145205\">Bohov\u00e9, p\u0159ehled t\u0159\u00eddy<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prameny a literatura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Zimmer, Heinrich: <em>Philosophies of India<\/em>. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn boh\u016f ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nebo kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">Pantheon<\/span> Books 1951 (klasick\u00e9 d\u00edlo; n\u011bmeck\u00fd p\u0159eklad: Philosophien Indiens, Klett-Cotta 1985).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Michaels, Axel: <em>Der Hinduismus. Geschichte und Gegenwart<\/em>. M\u00fcnchen 1998 (modern\u00ed p\u0159ehled).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Doniger, Wendy (ed.): <em>The Rig Veda, An Anthology<\/em>. Penguin Classics 1981 (prim\u00e1rn\u00ed prameny v p\u0159ekladu).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Flood, Gavin: <em>An Introduction to Hinduism<\/em>. Cambridge University Press 1996.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Coburn, Thomas B.: <em>Devi Mahatmya, The Crystallization of the Goddess Tradition<\/em>. South Asia Books 1984 (k roli \u0160akti a jej\u00edho vztahu k Brahmovi).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Klostermaier, Klaus K.: <em>A Concise Encyclopedia of Hinduism<\/em>. Oneworld Oxford 2010 (encyklopedick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edru\u010dka).<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw-add-brahma e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw-add-brahma\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw-add-brahma-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw-add-brahma-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V klasick\u00e9 hinduistick\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici<\/span> vystupuje Brahma jako stvo\u0159itelsk\u00fd b\u016fh trim\u00farti, jemu\u017e se p\u0159ipisuje vznik sv\u011bta, zat\u00edmco Vi\u0161nu jej udr\u017euje a \u0160iva jej ni\u010d\u00ed.<\/p><p>Jeho profil stvo\u0159itelsk\u00e9ho boha je rozveden v pur\u00e1n\u00e1ch a brahman\u00e1ch, v \u017eiv\u00e9m <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factn\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f v\u016f\u010di bo\u017estvu nebo svat\u00e9 postav\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultu<\/span> v\u0161ak ustoupil do pozad\u00ed ve prosp\u011bch Vi\u0161nua a \u0160ivy; aktivn\u00ed Brahmovy <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed k uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1my<\/span> jsou vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je Pu\u0161kar v R\u00e1d\u017easth\u00e1nu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1f3e5e e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d1f3e5e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e078ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e078ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o Brahmovi<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Kdo je Brahma v hinduismu?<\/h3><p>Brahma je b\u016fh stvo\u0159itel v hinduismu a sou\u010d\u00e1st trim\u00farti (spolu s Vi\u0161nuem, udr\u017eovatelem, a \u0160ivou, ni\u010ditelem).<\/p><p>Obvykle je zobrazov\u00e1n se \u010dty\u0159mi hlavami (aby mohl sledovat v\u0161echny \u010dty\u0159i sv\u011btov\u00e9 strany) a \u010dty\u0159mi pa\u017eemi, v nich\u017e dr\u017e\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i V\u00e9dy, lotosov\u00fd kv\u011bt, d\u017eb\u00e1n s vodou a modlitebn\u00ed r\u016f\u017eenec. Jeho man\u017eelkou je Sarasvat\u00ed, bohyn\u011b pozn\u00e1n\u00ed a um\u011bn\u00ed. Jeho j\u00edzdn\u00edm zv\u00ed\u0159etem je labu\u0165 nebo divok\u00e1 husa.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Pro\u010d existuje v hinduismu tak m\u00e1lo <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed k uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m\u016f<\/span> Brahmy?<\/h3><p>I p\u0159es svou z\u00e1sadn\u00ed kosmologickou roli m\u00e1 Brahma v Indii prakticky jen jeden velk\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed k uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m<\/span>: Pu\u0161kar v R\u00e1d\u017easth\u00e1nu. Vysv\u011btluje to n\u011bkolik m\u00fdt\u016f: Podle jednoho z nich ho man\u017eelka Brahmy Sarasvat\u00ed po h\u00e1dce postihla <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Jazykov\u00e1 formule, kterou se m\u00e1 osob\u011b nebo v\u011bci zp\u016fsobit ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">kletbou<\/span>.<\/p><p>Podle jin\u00e9ho m\u00fdtu Brahma lhal \u0160ivovi a byl proklet, aby nebyl uct\u00edv\u00e1n. Teologicky v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee Brahma napl\u0148uje svou funkci (stvo\u0159en\u00ed) jednou za sv\u011btov\u00fd v\u011bk, pot\u00e9 je jeho pr\u00e1ce dokon\u010dena. Vi\u0161nu a \u0160iva jsou \u010dinn\u00ed neust\u00e1le, a proto stoj\u00ed ve st\u0159edu kultovn\u00edho uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Kdo je Brahma v hinduismu?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Brahma je b\u016fh stvo\u0159itel v hinduismu a sou\u010d\u00e1st trim\u00farti (spolu s Vi\u0161nuem, udr\u017eovatelem, a \u0160ivou, ni\u010ditelem).Obvykle je zobrazov\u00e1n se \u010dty\u0159mi hlavami (aby mohl sledovat v\u0161echny \u010dty\u0159i sv\u011btov\u00e9 strany) a \u010dty\u0159mi pa\u017eemi, v nich\u017e dr\u017e\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i V\u00e9dy, lotosov\u00fd kv\u011bt, d\u017eb\u00e1n s vodou a modlitebn\u00ed r\u016f\u017eenec. Jeho man\u017eelkou je Sarasvat\u00ed, bohyn\u011b pozn\u00e1n\u00ed a um\u011bn\u00ed. Jeho j\u00edzdn\u00edm zv\u00ed\u0159etem je labu\u0165 nebo divok\u00e1 husa.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Pro\u010d existuje v hinduismu tak m\u00e1lo chr\u00e1m\u016f Brahmy?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"I p\u0159es svou z\u00e1sadn\u00ed kosmologickou roli m\u00e1 Brahma v Indii prakticky jen jeden velk\u00fd chr\u00e1m: Pu\u0161kar v R\u00e1d\u017easth\u00e1nu. Vysv\u011btluje to n\u011bkolik m\u00fdt\u016f: Podle jednoho z nich ho man\u017eelka Brahmy Sarasvat\u00ed po h\u00e1dce postihla kletbou.Podle jin\u00e9ho m\u00fdtu Brahma lhal \u0160ivovi a byl proklet, aby nebyl uct\u00edv\u00e1n. Teologicky v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee Brahma napl\u0148uje svou funkci (stvo\u0159en\u00ed) jednou za sv\u011btov\u00fd v\u011bk, pot\u00e9 je jeho pr\u00e1ce dokon\u010dena. Vi\u0161nu a \u0160iva jsou \u010dinn\u00ed neust\u00e1le, a proto stoj\u00ed ve st\u0159edu kultovn\u00edho uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1589,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Brahma hinduismus","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Brahma \u2013 b\u016fh stvo\u0159itel, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bo\u017estvo hinduismu, Trim\u00farti","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"\u010cty\u0159i hlavy, lotos, labu\u0165, V\u00e9dy: role v Trim\u00farti, trojice Trim\u00farti, uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v Pu\u0161karu a jeho kosmick\u00e1 funkce.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"2","wesen_kultur":"hinduismus","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-145239","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Brahma \u2013 b\u016fh stvo\u0159itel, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bo\u017estvo hinduismu, Trim\u00farti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u010cty\u0159i hlavy, lotos, labu\u0165, V\u00e9dy: role v Trim\u00farti, trojice Trim\u00farti, uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v Pu\u0161karu a jeho kosmick\u00e1 funkce.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/brahma\/\" \/>\n<meta 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