{"id":145196,"date":"2026-09-03T16:27:58","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:27:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145196"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:49:25","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:49:25","slug":"gumiho","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/gumiho\/","title":{"rendered":"Gumiho"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145196\" class=\"elementor elementor-145196 elementor-1332\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gumiho, duch korejsk\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gumiho je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e se p\u0159isuzuje p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> korejsk\u00e9 tradice.<\/p><p>Dev\u00edtiocas\u00fd li\u0161\u010d\u00ed d\u00e9mon korejsk\u00e9 tradice, prom\u011bna, sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed, touha.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duch: Nehmotn\u00e1 nebo polovi\u010dn\u00ed bytost, zesnul\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed bytosti, dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchov\u00e9 nebo str\u00e1\u017eci prah\u016f. P\u016fsob\u00ed v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b, \u010dasto v\u00e1z\u00e1ni na m\u00edsta nebo rodiny.\">Duch<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145187\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Korejsk\u00fd sv\u011bt boh\u016f, \u0161aman\u016f a lidov\u00fdch duch\u016f.\">Korea<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145229\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bytosti se zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed a lidskou podobou schopn\u00e9 prom\u011bny, vlkodla\u010d\u00ed, li\u0161\u010d\u00ed, pta\u010d\u00ed nebo had\u00ed povahy.\">Tvarom\u011bnci<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget 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8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg 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data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_korea_gumiho-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-147555\" alt=\"Gumiho \u2013 duchov\u00e9 z korejsk\u00e9 tradice, historicko-ilustrativn\u00ed\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_korea_gumiho-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_korea_gumiho-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_korea_gumiho-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_korea_gumiho.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gumiho<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gumiho (\uad6c\ubbf8\ud638, \u4e5d\u5c3e\u72d0, \u201edev\u00edtiocas\u00e1 li\u0161ka\u201c) je jednou z nejikoni\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch postav korejsk\u00e9 d\u00e9monologie. N\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed k velk\u00e9 v\u00fdchodoasijsk\u00e9 tradici dev\u00edtiocas\u00fdch li\u0161\u010d\u00edch bytost\u00ed, dosv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdch i v \u010c\u00edn\u011b (<em>H\u00fali J\u012bng<\/em>) a Japonsku (<em>Kitsune<\/em>). O li\u0161ce, kter\u00e1 \u017eije tis\u00edc let, se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee si vyvine dev\u011bt ocas\u016f a magick\u00e9 schopnosti.<\/p><p>V korejsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici<\/span> je Gumiho v\u011bt\u0161inou \u017eena a m\u016f\u017ee na sebe vz\u00edt lidskou podobu, typicky podobu n\u00e1padn\u011b kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 mlad\u00e9 \u017eeny. Podle p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu je nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 a vra\u017eedn\u00e1, nebo tragick\u00e1 a pln\u00e1 touhy, postava, kter\u00e1 se chce st\u00e1t \u010dlov\u011bkem a p\u0159i tom ztroskot\u00e1.<\/p><div><h3>Samguk Sagi, Samguk Yusa a dev\u011bt ocas\u016f<\/h3><p>Nejstar\u0161\u00ed zm\u00ednky o <em>Gumihovi<\/em> se objevuj\u00ed v obou kanonick\u00fdch korejsk\u00fdch historiografi\u00edch: v d\u00edle <em>Samguk Sagi<\/em> (D\u011bjiny t\u0159\u00ed kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, 12. stolet\u00ed) a v d\u00edle <em>Samguk Yusa<\/em> (13. stolet\u00ed). Samguk Sagi dokumentuje epizodu s Gumihem, v n\u00ed\u017e dev\u00edtiocas\u00e1 li\u0161ka oklame kr\u00e1le; Samguk Yusa roz\u0161i\u0159uje vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o psychologickou hloubku.<\/p><p>Dev\u00edti ocas\u016fm je ji\u017e v t\u011bchto ran\u00fdch textech p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1n magick\u00fd v\u00fdznam: dev\u011bt ocas\u016f znamen\u00e1 st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, moc a schopnosti nabyt\u00e9 v pr\u016fb\u011bhu n\u011bkolika kolob\u011bh\u016f reinkarnace.<\/p><p>Prameny ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee korejsk\u00fd Gumiho nen\u00ed pouze zoomorfn\u00ed bytost\u00ed, ale t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 lidskou bytost\u00ed s dlouh\u00fdm \u017eivotem a nahromad\u011bn\u00fdmi zku\u0161enostmi. Ran\u00e1 textov\u00e1 tradice zd\u016fraz\u0148uje intelektu\u00e1ln\u00ed nad\u0159azenost Gumiho nad lidmi a jeho systematick\u00e9 sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm prom\u011bny do lidsk\u00e9 \u017eensk\u00e9 podoby.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159ehled: Gumiho<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00ed bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no \u0161kodliv\u00e9 nebo rozporupln\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9mon<\/span>, m\u011b\u0148avec<br>P\u016fvod: Star\u00e1 tradice li\u0161ky ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii; korejsk\u00e1 podoba od st\u0159edov\u011bku<br>Texty: Samguk Yusa, Yongjae Chonghwa, Cheongjo gangmok<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">Motiv<\/span>: prom\u011bna v kr\u00e1snou \u017eenu; loven\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed energie nebo lidsk\u00fdch jater<br>Ochrana: amulety bujok, zrcadla, ps\u00ed krev, konfuci\u00e1nsk\u00e1 mor\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsnost<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Historick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dev\u00edtiocas\u00e9 li\u0161ky jsou ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii dosv\u011bd\u010deny u\u017e od \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epocha \u0159eck\u00e9 a \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 kultury, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b od 800 p\u0159. Kr. do 600 po Kr.\" tabindex=\"0\">antiky<\/span>, popsan\u00e9 jako ambivalentn\u00ed bytosti ji\u017e v d\u00edle Shan Hai Jing (3.\u20131. stolet\u00ed p\u0159. Kr.). Postava se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu stalet\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do Koreje a Japonska, kde se u n\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed vlastn\u00ed podoby.<\/p><p>Zat\u00edmco \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 H\u00fali J\u012bng si zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 i pozitivn\u00ed rysy a japonsk\u00fd Kitsune se \u010dasto objevuje jako slu\u017eebn\u00edk <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost uct\u00edvan\u00e1 jako bo\u017esk\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017estva<\/span> Inari, korejsk\u00fd Gumiho si vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b temn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podobu, nej\u010dast\u011bji zobrazovanou jako nebezpe\u010dnou nebo tragickou.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 texty: Samguk Yusa (kolem 1281) s epizodami o li\u0161\u010d\u00ed podob\u011b; sb\u00edrky paesol a yadam z obdob\u00ed Joseon. Modern\u00ed m\u00e9dia, K-drama \u201eMy Girlfriend Is a Gumiho\u201c (2010) a \u201eTale of the Nine Tailed\u201c (2020), postavu proslavila po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o Gumihovi se objevuj\u00ed po cel\u00e9m Korejsk\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b. Obl\u00edben\u00e1 d\u011bji\u0161t\u011b: osam\u011bl\u00e9 horsk\u00e9 pr\u016fsmyky, h\u0159bitovy za \u00fapl\u0148ku, temn\u00e9 lesy, odlehl\u00e9 vesnice. Li\u0161\u010d\u00ed \u017eena se s mu\u017ei setk\u00e1v\u00e1 obvykle pozd\u011b ve\u010der, v nejist\u00fdch situac\u00edch na cest\u011b, pod\u00e9l horsk\u00fdch stezek, u osam\u011bl\u00fdch chr\u00e1m\u016f, v opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch budov\u00e1ch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 prameny: Iry\u014fn, Samguk Yusa (kolem 1281); Yongjae Chonghwa (S\u014fng Hy\u014fn, 15. stolet\u00ed); yadam literatura z obdob\u00ed Joseon. Hlavn\u00ed sm\u011bry modern\u00edho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje Kwon, Yong-Hwan (2010) \u201eKorean <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 kultura se zvyky, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edm a p\u00edsn\u011bmi.\" tabindex=\"0\">Folklore<\/span>\u201c a tak\u00e9 v\u00fdzkum spojen\u00fd s K-dramaty.<\/span><\/p><p>Obrazov\u00e1 zobrazen\u00ed Gumiho jsou a\u017e do pozdn\u00edho obdob\u00ed Joseon vz\u00e1cn\u00e1; modern\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nauka o obrazov\u00e9m obsahu a jeho v\u00fdznamu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ikonografie<\/span> s dev\u00edti viditeln\u00fdmi ocasy za \u017eenskou postavou je v podstat\u011b d\u00edlem posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00ed, siln\u011b ovlivn\u011bn\u00fdm manhwou a K-dramaty.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Doslova \u201edev\u00edtiocas\u00e1 li\u0161ka\u201c z \u4e5d (\u201edev\u011bt\u201c), \u5c3e (\u201eocas\u201c) a \u72d0 (\u201eli\u0161ka\u201c).<\/p><ul><li><strong>Baekyeowoo<\/strong> (\ubc31\uc5ec\uc6b0), \u201eb\u00edl\u00e1 li\u0161ka\u201c; zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 star\u00fd, b\u00edl\u00fd Gumiho.<\/li><li>Bulyeowoo (\ubd88\uc5ec\uc6b0), \u201eohniv\u00e1 li\u0161ka\u201c; jin\u00e1 podoba li\u0161\u010d\u00edho d\u00e9mona.<\/li><li>Yeowoo-guseul (\uc5ec\uc6b0\uad6c\uc2ac), \u201eli\u0161\u010d\u00ed perla\u201c; magick\u00e1 perla v \u00fastech Gumiho, zdroj jeho \u017eivotn\u00ed a prom\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed s\u00edly.<\/li><li>Kumiho, alternativn\u00ed p\u0159epis v anglicky mluv\u00edc\u00edch zem\u00edch.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Charakteristiky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Vzhled.<\/strong> Ve zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed podob\u011b b\u00edl\u00e1 nebo st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e1 li\u0161ka s dev\u00edti ocasy; v lidsk\u00e9 podob\u011b mlad\u00e1, kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 \u017eena v tradi\u010dn\u00edm od\u011bvu (<em>hanbok<\/em>). Prom\u011bna mezi ob\u011bma formami je spojena s li\u0161\u010d\u00ed perlou, kter\u00e1 \u010dasto slou\u017e\u00ed jako kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd motiv.<\/p><p>Chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Sv\u00e1d\u00ed mu\u017ee, v klasick\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edch se \u017eiv\u00ed lidsk\u00fdmi j\u00e1try nebo \u017eivotn\u00ed energi\u00ed partnera. V modern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pod\u00e1n\u00edch, i v jedn\u00e9 star\u0161\u00ed narativn\u00ed linii, se gumiho chce st\u00e1t \u010dlov\u011bkem; mus\u00ed k tomu splnit ur\u010ditou podm\u00ednku (sto dn\u00ed zdr\u017eenlivosti, sto dn\u00ed ml\u010den\u00ed, ur\u010dit\u00fd po\u010det lidsk\u00fdch du\u0161\u00ed).<\/p><p>Konec. V mnoha p\u0159\u00edb\u011bz\u00edch gumiho ztroskot\u00e1 kr\u00e1tce p\u0159ed dosa\u017een\u00edm lidstv\u00ed, proto\u017ee je poru\u0161en slib ml\u010den\u00ed nebo proto\u017ee milovan\u00fd nedodr\u017e\u00ed sv\u016fj z\u00e1vazek.<\/p><div><h3>Adaptace \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 tradice Huli-jing<\/h3><p>Korejsk\u00fd gumiho je p\u0159\u00edmou adaptac\u00ed star\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 tradice <em>Huli-jing<\/em> (dev\u00edtiocas\u00e1 li\u0161ka z \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn tradovan\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o boz\u00edch v dan\u00e9 kultu\u0159e.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytologie<\/span>, dolo\u017eeno od doby dynastie Han). Adaptace v\u0161ak nebyla \u010dist\u011b napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed: korej\u0161t\u00ed u\u010denci a lidov\u00ed vyprav\u011b\u010di propojili motivy Huli-jing s m\u00edstn\u00edmi \u0161amansk\u00fdmi koncepty a buddhistick\u00fdmi my\u0161lenkami o karm\u011b.<\/p><p>Korejsk\u00fd gumiho projevuje v\u00edce psychologick\u00e9 ambivalence ne\u017e \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd prototyp: zat\u00edmco Huli-jing b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto zl\u00e1 nebo amor\u00e1ln\u00ed, gumiho \u010dasto zt\u011bles\u0148uje tragickou postavu, jej\u00ed\u017e sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed pramen\u00ed z touhy po lidskosti.<\/p><p>To odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed korejsk\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed slo\u017eitost a vnit\u0159n\u00ed motivaci. Nadp\u0159irozen\u00e1 substance, kterou gumiho pot\u0159ebuje, sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o l\u00e9ka\u0159sko-duchovn\u00ed klasifikaci odli\u0161n\u00e9 od \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch p\u0159edch\u016fdc\u016f.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Gumiho<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aspekty gumiho na prvn\u00ed pohled.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kulturn\u00ed kontext<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Star\u00e1 li\u0161ka, kter\u00e9 naroste dev\u011bt ocas\u016f a z\u00edsk\u00e1 magick\u00e9 schopnosti; sou\u010d\u00e1st celoasijsk\u00e9 li\u0161\u010d\u00ed tradice.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159edm\u011bt p\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mlad\u00ed mu\u017ei na osam\u011bl\u00fdch cest\u00e1ch; u\u010denci a \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci v odlou\u010den\u00ed; no\u010dn\u00ed poutn\u00edci v hor\u00e1ch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zobrazen\u00ed<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u00edl\u00e1 a\u017e st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e1 li\u0161ka s dev\u00edti ocasy; v lidsk\u00e9 podob\u011b mlad\u00e1, n\u00e1padn\u011b kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 \u017eena v tradi\u010dn\u00edm od\u011bvu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fsoben\u00ed gumiho<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed, vys\u00edlen\u00ed, smrt partnera; v tragick\u00e9m pojet\u00ed: nezda\u0159en\u00e9 lidstv\u00ed, smutek a rozlou\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrann\u00e9 prost\u0159edky<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Amulety bujok s \u010derven\u00fdmi znaky; zrcadla, kter\u00e1 ukazuj\u00ed pravou podobu; ps\u00ed krev a fazole; konfuci\u00e1nsk\u00e1 neochv\u011bjnost.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 bytosti<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 <strong>H\u00fali J\u012bng<\/strong> (viz Huli Jing), japonsk\u00e1 <em>Kitsune<\/em>; evropsk\u00e9 motivy vlkoli\u0161ky a v\u00edl.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Praktick\u00e1 ochrana<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Zrcadlo.<\/strong> V mnoha vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edch neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u011b p\u0159idr\u017een\u00e9 zrcadlo odhal\u00ed pravou li\u0161\u010d\u00ed podobu gumiho; prom\u011bna se zlom\u00ed, jakmile gumiho spat\u0159\u00ed sv\u016fj odraz.<\/p><p>Bujok. Posv\u011bcen\u00e9 pap\u00edrov\u00e9 amulety s \u010derven\u00fdmi znaky se umis\u0165uj\u00ed na dve\u0159n\u00ed r\u00e1my a nos\u00ed na t\u011ble.<\/p><p>Pes a ps\u00ed krev. Psi rozpoznaj\u00ed li\u0161\u010d\u00ed povahu; ps\u00ed krev je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odvracej\u00edc\u00ed ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed: o znamen\u00edch a p\u0159edm\u011btech, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed odvr\u00e1tit \u0161kodliv\u00e9 vlivy.\" tabindex=\"0\">apotropaickou<\/span>. N\u011bkter\u00e9 vesnice proto v\u011bdom\u011b chovaly psy u vchodu.<\/p><p>P\u0159\u00edsnost slibu. Ve vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edch, v nich\u017e se gumiho chce st\u00e1t \u010dlov\u011bkem, je rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed, aby \u010dlov\u011bk dodr\u017eel jasn\u011b stanoven\u00fd slib; poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1vazku odsuzuje gumiho znovu do li\u0161\u010d\u00ed podoby.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gumiho, obdoby v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u010c\u00edna.<\/strong> H\u00fali J\u012bng je nejstar\u0161\u00ed dolo\u017eitelnou podobou; v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed mezi generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici<\/span> z\u00e1rove\u0148 znamen\u00edm, spole\u010dnic\u00ed i zkou\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p><p>Japonsko. <em>Kitsune<\/em> m\u00e1 v \u0161intoistick\u00e9m kontextu \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b pozitivn\u00ed konotaci jako posel bohyn\u011b Inari <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost uct\u00edvan\u00e1 jako bo\u017esk\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">(bo\u017estvo)<\/span>. Temn\u00fd profil severn\u00edch tradic Nogitsune je gumiho nejbl\u00ed\u017ee.<\/p><p>Evropa. Motivy vlkoli\u0161ky ve francouzsk\u00e9m a skandin\u00e1vsk\u00e9m <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 kultura se zvyky, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edmi a p\u00edsn\u011bmi.\" tabindex=\"0\">folkloru<\/span> jsou typologicky p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9; <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> li\u0161\u010d\u00ed \u017eeny, kter\u00e1 okouzluje lidi, se objevuje i v loveck\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bz\u00edch.<\/p><p>Indie. <em>Yak\u0161in\u00ed<\/em> a ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u017eensk\u00e9 polobytosti sd\u00edlej\u00ed rysy sv\u016fdn\u00e9 a nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eensk\u00e9 postavy.<\/p><div><h3>Dramatick\u00e1 recepce a modern\u00ed kulturalizace<\/h3><p>Tradice gumiho byla v Koreji od 19. stolet\u00ed intenzivn\u011b kulturalizov\u00e1na prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dramatick\u00fdch adaptac\u00ed. Tradi\u010dn\u00ed korejsk\u00e9 divadlo (<em>pansori<\/em>, pozd\u011bji hran\u00fd film a divadlo) p\u0159etvo\u0159ilo narace o gumiho v mor\u00e1ln\u00ed bajky, milostn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy a pozd\u011bji v psychologick\u00e1 dramata.<\/p><p>Na konci 20. stolet\u00ed se gumiho v korejsk\u00e9 filmov\u00e9 a televizn\u00ed produkci prom\u011bnil v prototypickou nadp\u0159irozenou \u017eenskou postavu s vlastn\u00ed subjektivitou a mor\u00e1ln\u00ed slo\u017eitost\u00ed, vzd\u00e1lenou od zr\u00e1dn\u00fdch d\u00e9monic d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pramen\u016f.<\/p><p>Toto dramatick\u00e9 p\u0159epracov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo tak intenzivn\u00ed, \u017ee se gumiho stal <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, kter\u00fd zastupuje ur\u010ditou p\u0159edstavu nebo v\u00fdznam.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbolem<\/span> korejsk\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed jedine\u010dnosti, odli\u0161n\u00fdm od \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch a japonsk\u00fdch li\u0161\u010d\u00edch narac\u00ed. Modern\u00ed korej\u0161t\u00ed auto\u0159i a dramatikov\u00e9 p\u0159edstavovali gumiho jako postavy p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed hranici mezi p\u0159\u00edrodou a kulturou, \u017eenstv\u00edm a nebezpe\u010d\u00edm.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp53a15cf e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp53a15cf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp713a2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp713a2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dev\u00edtiocas\u00e1 li\u0161ka ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii a jej\u00ed korejsk\u00e1 podoba<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2a11714 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2a11714\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp58f30bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp58f30bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Gumiho<\/em> (\uad6c\ubbf8\ud638), doslova dev\u00edtiocas\u00e1 li\u0161ka, pat\u0159\u00ed do v\u00fdchodoasijsk\u00e9ho motivick\u00e9ho okruhu, k n\u011bmu\u017e se \u0159ad\u00ed i \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd <em>huli jing<\/em> a japonsk\u00fd <em>kitsune<\/em>.<\/p><p>Ve v\u0161ech t\u0159ech tradic\u00edch je li\u0161ka dlouhov\u011bk\u00fdm zv\u00ed\u0159etem, kter\u00e9 vysok\u00fdm v\u011bkem z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 magick\u00e9 schopnosti, um\u00ed se prom\u011b\u0148ovat a zejm\u00e9na se dok\u00e1\u017ee vt\u011blit do podoby kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 \u017eeny. V\u00fdzkum v tom vid\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed pozad\u00ed, z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak zd\u016fraz\u0148uje v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm pojet\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 z t\u011bchto podob.<\/p><p>Pro korejskou variantu je charakteristick\u00e9, \u017ee <em>gumiho<\/em> je vn\u00edm\u00e1n p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b negativn\u011b. Zat\u00edmco japonsk\u00fd <em>kitsune<\/em> z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 ambivalentn\u00ed a v podob\u011b li\u0161ky posla <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost uct\u00edvan\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci n\u011bjak\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed jako bo\u017esk\u00e1.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017estva<\/span> Inari je dokonce uct\u00edv\u00e1n, v korejsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed po generace.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici<\/span> vystupuje <em>gumiho<\/em> v\u011bt\u0161inou jako nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1, \u010dasto smrt\u00edc\u00ed bytost.<\/p><p>V mnoha vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edch p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 podobu kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 \u017eeny, aby se p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil k mu\u017e\u016fm, a pot\u00e9 je zab\u00edj\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e opakuj\u00edc\u00edm se <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motivem<\/span> je po\u017e\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch jater nebo srdce.<\/p><p>Toto temn\u00e9 vyzn\u011bn\u00ed spojuje v\u00fdzkum s korejsk\u00fdm obrazem duch\u016f obecn\u011b, kter\u00fd je siln\u011b formov\u00e1n p\u0159edstavou naru\u0161en\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du.<\/p><p><em>Gumiho<\/em> zt\u011bles\u0148uje dvoj\u00ed hrozbu: nebezpe\u010d\u00ed ciz\u00edho, kter\u00e9 se maskuje za d\u016fv\u011brn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9, a nebezpe\u010d\u00ed plynouc\u00ed ze spojen\u00ed s bytost\u00ed, je\u017e je jen zd\u00e1nliv\u011b lidsk\u00e1. V \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm korejsk\u00e9m kontextu je s n\u00edm p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145195\">gwishin<\/a>, ale na rozd\u00edl od n\u011bj nen\u00ed <em>gumiho<\/em> duchem zem\u0159el\u00e9ho, n\u00fdbr\u017e prom\u011bn\u011bn\u00fdm zv\u00ed\u0159etem.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp51ca7de e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp51ca7de\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp083e549 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp083e549\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Motiv prom\u011bny v \u010dlov\u011bka a jeho podm\u00ednka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe3b1054 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpe3b1054\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpedddcb5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpedddcb5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm a kulturn\u011b v\u00fdmluvn\u00fdm vypr\u00e1v\u011bc\u00edm motivem <em>gumiho<\/em> je jeho p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1t se plnohodnotn\u00fdm \u010dlov\u011bkem. Na rozd\u00edl od pouh\u00e9 drav\u00e9 bytosti se <em>gumiho<\/em> v mnoha vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edch sna\u017e\u00ed zbavit sv\u00e9 li\u0161\u010d\u00ed povahy a definitivn\u011b p\u0159ej\u00edt do lidsk\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.<\/p><p>S t\u00edm je \u010dasto spojena podm\u00ednka: mus\u00ed vydr\u017eet ur\u010ditou dobu, \u010dasto ud\u00e1vanou jako tis\u00edc dn\u00ed, ani\u017e by zab\u00edjel nebo po\u017e\u00edral lidsk\u00e9 maso, nebo mus\u00ed z\u00edskat up\u0159\u00edmnou l\u00e1sku \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00e9mu odhal\u00ed svou pravou povahu, ani\u017e by ho tento zradil.<\/p><p>Tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> d\u00e1v\u00e1 <em>gumiho<\/em> tragick\u00fd rozm\u011br. Vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed \u010dasto kon\u010d\u00ed ztroskot\u00e1n\u00edm kr\u00e1tce p\u0159ed c\u00edlem: tajemstv\u00ed je v posledn\u00ed chv\u00edli vyzrazeno, poku\u0161en\u00ed zv\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed, nebo podm\u00ednku poru\u0161\u00ed ned\u016fv\u011bra.<\/p><p><em>Gumiho<\/em> pak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 uv\u011bzn\u011bn mezi sv\u011bty, ani zcela zv\u00ed\u0159etem, ani zcela \u010dlov\u011bkem. Lidov\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed tak tuto bytost vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k zamy\u0161len\u00ed nad d\u016fv\u011brou, tajemstv\u00edm a nemo\u017enost\u00ed zcela odlo\u017eit z\u00e1sadn\u011b odli\u0161nou povahu.<\/p><p>Modern\u00ed korejsk\u00e1 popul\u00e1rn\u00ed kultura se tohoto <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motivu<\/span> chopila a d\u00e1le jej rozvinula. Filmy a televizn\u00ed seri\u00e1ly posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00ed ukazuj\u00ed <em>gumiho<\/em> st\u00e1le v\u00edce jako rozpornou, empatickou postavu, u n\u00ed\u017e do pop\u0159ed\u00ed vystupuje touha po lidskosti m\u00edsto pouh\u00e9 hrozby. D\u016fraz se tak p\u0159esunul, ani\u017e by star\u0161\u00ed vrstva zcela zmizela.<\/p><p>Z pohledu religionistiky a folkloristiky z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 <em>gumiho<\/em> bytost\u00ed hranice, kter\u00e1 si klade ot\u00e1zku, zda a jak lze p\u0159ekro\u010dit linii mezi \u010dlov\u011bkem a ne\u010dlov\u011bkem, a korejsk\u00e1 tradice na ni v\u011bt\u0161inou odpov\u00edd\u00e1 jasn\u00fdm ne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Doporu\u010den\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed odkazy:<\/p><ul><li>Kulturn\u00ed str\u00e1nka <strong>Korea<\/strong>.<\/li><li>Dal\u0161\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 profily z Koreje: <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145194\">Dokkaebi<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145195\">Gwishin<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145197\">Cheonyeo-gwishin<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145198\">Jeoseung Saja<\/a>.<\/li><li>Paralely: <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145184\">Huli Jing<\/a> (\u010c\u00edna), Kitsune (Japonsko), <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145175\">Yakshini<\/a> (hinduismus).<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (v\u00fdb\u011br)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Kompaktn\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011br kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch prac\u00ed o Gumiho:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Kang, Jae-eun: <em>The Land of Scholars: Two Thousand Years of Korean Confucianism.<\/em> Homa &#038; Sekey, Paramus 2006.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Iry\u014fn: <em>Samguk Yusa: Legends and History of the Three Kingdoms of Ancient Korea.<\/em> P\u0159el. Ha Tae-Hung, Grafton K. Mintz. Yonsei University Press, Soul 1972.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Grayson, James Huntley: <em>Myths and Legends from Korea: An Annotated Compendium of Ancient and Modern Materials.<\/em> Routledge, Lond\u00fdn 2001.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed d\u00edla v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145257\">seznamu literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-gumiho-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-gumiho-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-gumiho\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-gumiho-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-gumiho-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">Popsan\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 praxe je religionistick\u00fdm za\u0159azen\u00edm historick\u00fdch tradic. iWell Guard navazuje na tuto kulturn\u011b-historickou linii nositeln\u00fdch ochrann\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f a p\u0159edstavuje jej\u00ed sou\u010dasnou podobu. <a href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">V\u00edce o iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1672,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Gumiho","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Gumiho \u2013 dev\u00edtiocas\u00fd li\u0161\u010d\u00ed d\u00e9mon Koreje","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Gumiho, dev\u00edtiocas\u00fd li\u0161\u010d\u00ed d\u00e9mon korejsk\u00e9 tradice: prom\u011bna, sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed a touha, z folkl\u00f3ru i K-dramat.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"4","wesen_kultur":"korea","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-145196","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gumiho \u2013 dev\u00edtiocas\u00fd li\u0161\u010d\u00ed d\u00e9mon Koreje<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Gumiho, dev\u00edtiocas\u00fd li\u0161\u010d\u00ed d\u00e9mon korejsk\u00e9 tradice: prom\u011bna, sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed a touha, z folkl\u00f3ru i K-dramat.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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