{"id":145173,"date":"2026-09-03T16:27:45","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:27:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145173"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:48:47","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:48:47","slug":"vetala","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/vetala\/","title":{"rendered":"Vetala"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145173\" class=\"elementor elementor-145173 elementor-1204\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vetala, duch hinduistick\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vetala je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1n vliv na sv\u011bt.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> hinduistick\u00e9 tradice.<\/p><p><strong>Obsazovatel mrtvol, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1n vliv na sv\u011bt.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> vzn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed se mezi smrt\u00ed a \u017eivotem.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duch: Net\u011blesn\u00e1 nebo polozt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, zesnul\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed bytosti, dom\u00e1c\u00ed duchov\u00e9 nebo str\u00e1\u017eci prah\u016f. P\u016fsob\u00ed v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b, \u010dasto v\u00e1zan\u00fd na m\u00edsta nebo rodiny.\">Duch<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145168\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Hinduistick\u00e9 sv\u011bty boh\u016f, asur\u016f a ochrann\u00fdch bytost\u00ed, od v\u00e9dsk\u00e9ho po tantrick\u00e9 obdob\u00ed.\">Hinduismus<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_hinduismus_vetala-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1701\" alt=\"Vetala\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_hinduismus_vetala-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_hinduismus_vetala-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_hinduismus_vetala-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_hinduismus_vetala.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vetala<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vetala je jedna z nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch postav indick\u00e9 demonologie. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1n vliv na sv\u011bt.\" tabindex=\"0\">Duch<\/span>, kter\u00fd se usazuje v \u010derstv\u00fdch mrtvol\u00e1ch a t\u00edm z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 paradoxn\u00ed schopnost pohybu i \u0159e\u010di, t\u011blo je mrtv\u00e9, ale Vetala j\u00edm jedn\u00e1.<\/p><p>Podle klasick\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span> vis\u00ed hlavou dol\u016f na stromech na h\u0159bitovech a m\u00edstech spalov\u00e1n\u00ed mrtv\u00fdch (<em>shmashana<\/em>) a \u010dekaj\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost vstoupit do \u010derstv\u00e9 mrtvoly.<\/p><p>Liter\u00e1rn\u011b je Vetala nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u00edky <em>Vetalapanchavimshati<\/em>, \u201eP\u011btadvaceti p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016fm Vetaly\u201c. V tomto cyklu je kr\u00e1l Vikramaditya asketou pov\u011b\u0159en, aby p\u0159inesl Vetalu ze stromu.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Vetala vypr\u00e1v\u00ed h\u00e1dankov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy a Vikramaditya je mus\u00ed rozlu\u0161tit. Sb\u00edrka pat\u0159\u00ed ke Kathasaritsaga\u0159e (11. Jh. n. l., Ka\u0161m\u00edr) a putuje do persk\u00e9, arabsk\u00e9 a evropsk\u00e9 literatury. Anglick\u00fd p\u0159eklad Richarda F. Burtona (1870) roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/span><\/p><div><p><strong>Vetala ve Vetala-pancha-vimsati a Kathasaritsaga\u0159e<\/strong><\/p><p>Oba kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 liter\u00e1rn\u00ed prameny pro <em>Vetalu<\/em> jsou <em>Vetala-pancha-vimsati<\/em> (P\u011btadvacet p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f Vetaly) a <em>Kathasaritsagara<\/em> (Oce\u00e1n proud\u016f p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f, 11. Jahrhundert). Ve Vetala-pancha-vimsati je Vetala zobrazen jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00ed bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1n \u0161kodliv\u00fd nebo dvojzna\u010dn\u00fd vliv.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9mon<\/span>, kter\u00fd se usad\u00ed v mrtv\u00e9m t\u011ble a donut\u00ed kr\u00e1le, aby s n\u00edm v noci vym\u011b\u0148oval h\u00e1danky.<\/p><p>Kr\u00e1l mus\u00ed za ka\u017edou \u0161patn\u011b zodpov\u011bzenou ot\u00e1zku znovu p\u0159in\u00e9st mrtvolu; Vetala pak v\u017edy opust\u00ed t\u011blo a znovu se zav\u011bs\u00ed na strom.<\/p><p>R\u00e1mec je erotick\u00fd a folklorn\u00ed: Vetala nab\u00edz\u00ed kr\u00e1li za ka\u017edou vy\u0159e\u0161enou h\u00e1danku erotick\u00e9 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed. T\u00edm se text o Vetale li\u0161\u00ed od \u010dist\u011b moralistick\u00fdch nebo duchovn\u00edch d\u011bl; s\u00e9rie o Vetale p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed p\u0159echodnou formu mezi lidov\u00fdm vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edm a filozofickou bajkou.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159ehled: Vetala<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Obsazovatel mrtvol, duch zem\u0159el\u00fdch<br>P\u016fvod: Nevykoupen\u00e1 du\u0161e n\u00e1hle zem\u0159el\u00e9ho<br>Texty: Kathasaritsagara, Vetalapanchavimshati, tantrick\u00e9 texty<br>Obdob\u00ed: od klasick\u00e9 doby po sou\u010dasnost<br>M\u00edsto v\u00fdskytu: h\u0159bitovy, m\u00edsta spalov\u00e1n\u00ed mrtv\u00fdch, stromy v jejich okol\u00ed<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Prvn\u00ed doklady se objevuj\u00ed v epick\u00e9 a pur\u00e1nsk\u00e9 literatu\u0159e. Klasick\u00e9 liter\u00e1rn\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed Kathasaritsagara (11. stolet\u00ed). Tantrick\u00e9 tradice vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed motivy Vetaly v ritu\u00e1lech na m\u00edstech spalov\u00e1n\u00ed mrtv\u00fdch. Region\u00e1ln\u011b existuj\u00ed beng\u00e1lsk\u00e9, tamilsk\u00e9 a marathsk\u00e9 varianty. Modern\u00ed recepce se objevuje v literatu\u0159e a popkultu\u0159e.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Indick\u00fd subkontinent. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Kathasaritsagary a jej\u00edch p\u0159eklad\u016f se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta: do per\u0161tiny, arab\u0161tiny, angli\u010dtiny a n\u011bm\u010diny. Burtonova anglick\u00e1 verze ovlivnila z\u00e1padn\u00ed hororovou a fantasy literaturu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kathasaritsagara (Somadeva, 11. Jh.), Vetalapanchavimshati, region\u00e1ln\u00ed tamilsk\u00e9\/beng\u00e1lsk\u00e9 sb\u00edrky, tantrick\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed texty, modern\u00ed beletrie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no a varianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Sanskrt:<\/strong> <em>vet\u0101la<\/em>.<br>Jin\u00e9 jazyky: beng\u00e1lsky <em>Betal<\/em>, tamilsky <em>Vetalam<\/em>, hindsky <em>Betaal<\/em>.<br>P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 pojmy: <em>preta<\/em> (hladov\u00fd duch), <em>bhuta<\/em> (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Net\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1n vliv na sv\u011bt.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> obecn\u011b), <em>pishacha<\/em> (\u017erout mrtvol).<br>Vymezen\u00ed: Vetala vstupuje do mrtvol, ale na rozd\u00edl od Pishachy je nepohlcuje.<\/p><p>Vetala nen\u00ed stvo\u0159en\u00e1 bytost, n\u00fdbr\u017e zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed druh nevykoupen\u00e9 du\u0161e, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed ani znovuzrozena, ani osvobozena a z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 zav\u011b\u0161ena v meze\u0159e mezi smrt\u00ed a \u017eivotem. Tantri\u010dt\u00ed s\u00e1dhakov\u00e9 Vetalu c\u00edlen\u011b vyhled\u00e1vaj\u00ed, aby ho poutac\u00edm ritu\u00e1lem u\u010dinili sv\u00fdm sluhou (Vetala-s\u00e1dhana).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Povahov\u00e9 rysy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Vzhled<\/strong><\/p><p>O\u017eivl\u00e1 mrtvola, hnij\u00edc\u00ed, zbarven\u00e1, s nep\u0159irozen\u00fdmi pohyby. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch tradic\u00edch vis\u00ed Vetala hlavou dol\u016f ze stromu. Jeho o\u010di sv\u00edt\u00ed; dok\u00e1\u017ee mluvit, a\u010dkoli jeho t\u011blo je mrtv\u00e9.<\/p><p><strong>Chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Obsazuje \u010derstv\u00e9 mrtvoly, h\u00fdbe s nimi, mluv\u00ed jejich prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm. Na h\u0159bitov\u011b \u010dek\u00e1 na asketiky, vypr\u00e1v\u00ed h\u00e1danky a p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy. Kdo s Vetalou nalo\u017e\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b, z\u00edsk\u00e1 jeho slu\u017eby. Kdo neusp\u011bje, je zabit nebo p\u0159ivedeno k \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>Oblast p\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>\u0160ma\u0161\u00e1ny (spalovac\u00ed m\u00edsta), h\u0159bitovy, m\u00edsta spo\u010dinut\u00ed mrtv\u00fdch, stromy v jejich bl\u00edzkosti. V noci a v \u201emagick\u00e9 hodin\u011b&#8220; (mezi 3. a 5. hodinou rann\u00ed). Nev\u00e1z\u00e1n na obydlen\u00e1 m\u00edsta.<\/p><p><strong>Mytologick\u00fd p\u016fvod<\/strong><\/p><p>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 jednotn\u00e1 mytick\u00e1 genealogie. Vetalov\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed n\u00e1hlou smrt\u00ed, odep\u0159en\u00fdmi ob\u0159ady, n\u00e1silnou ztr\u00e1tou. V tantrick\u00e9m v\u00fdkladu jsou to \u201ebytosti mezery&#8220;, du\u0161e, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed ani osvobozena, ani znovuzrozena.<\/p><div><p><strong>Ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Jazykov\u00fd ritu\u00e1l, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 p\u0159ivolat nebo sv\u00e1zat n\u011bjakou moc.\" tabindex=\"0\">zakl\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span> a okultn\u00ed praxe<\/strong><\/p><p>Vedle liter\u00e1rn\u00ed tradice existuje tak\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ln\u011b-magick\u00e1 tradice <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Jazykov\u00fd ritu\u00e1l, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 p\u0159ivolat nebo sv\u00e1zat n\u011bjakou moc.\" tabindex=\"0\">zakl\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span> Vetaly. V textech jako <em>Brihat Samhita<\/em> a v tantrick\u00fdch s\u00e1dhan\u00e1ch je pops\u00e1no, jak jog\u00edn nebo siddha \u00famysln\u011b p\u0159ivol\u00e1v\u00e1 Vetalu, aby z\u00edskal magick\u00e9 s\u00edly. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Jazykov\u00fd ritu\u00e1l, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 p\u0159ivolat nebo sv\u00e1zat n\u011bjakou moc.\" tabindex=\"0\">Zakl\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span> vy\u017eaduje <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar bo\u017estvu na vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed vd\u011bku, prosby nebo uct\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">ob\u011btiny<\/span> (v\u011bt\u0161inou zv\u00ed\u0159ata nebo krev), speci\u00e1ln\u00ed mantry a ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed postup zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed nekromancii.<\/p><p>Ovl\u00e1dnut\u00fd Vetala prop\u016fj\u010duje magick\u00e9 s\u00edly, neviditelnost, l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed a schopnost nahl\u00e9dnout do budoucnosti. To je v\u0161ak riskantn\u00ed: Vetalov\u00e9 jsou p\u0159i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Jazykov\u00fd ritu\u00e1l, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 p\u0159ivolat nebo sv\u00e1zat n\u011bjakou moc.\" tabindex=\"0\">zakl\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span> nespolehliv\u00ed a mohou se obr\u00e1tit proti tomu, kdo je vyvolal. Tantrick\u00e9 texty varuj\u00ed p\u0159ed neznalost\u00ed za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se pokou\u0161ej\u00ed o vetalovsk\u00e9 praktiky.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Vetala<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aspekty Vetaly na prvn\u00ed pohled.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fvod Vetaly<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Neosvobozen\u00e1 du\u0161e n\u00e1hle zem\u0159el\u00e9ho. \u201eBytost mezery&#8220; mezi smrt\u00ed a znovuzrozen\u00edm. Nikoli stvo\u0159en\u00e1 bytost, n\u00fdbr\u017e stavov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159edm\u011bt p\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci h\u0159bitov\u016f, asketici na spalovac\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b, tantri\u010dt\u00ed s\u00e1dhakov\u00e9, hroba\u0159i. Nikoli \u017eivotu nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd pro nez\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9, nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd pouze pro ty, kdo ho vyhled\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vzhled<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hnij\u00edc\u00ed mrtvola s nep\u0159irozen\u00fdmi pohyby, sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00edmi o\u010dima, mluv\u00edc\u00edm hlasem. \u010casto vis\u00ed hlavou dol\u016f ze stromu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00fdbe mrtvolami, mluv\u00ed h\u00e1danky, v tantrick\u00fdch ritu\u00e1lech se z n\u011bj m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t sluha. Nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro ty, kdo ho z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b vyhled\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Formy ochrany<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Specifick\u00e9 tantrick\u00e9 svazovac\u00ed ritu\u00e1ly (Vetala-s\u00e1dhana). Mantry k \u0160ivovi jako p\u00e1nu \u0161ma\u0161\u00e1nu. Rudraksha, Kali-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V hinduismu a buddhismu geometrick\u00fd diagram k ritu\u00e1ln\u00edmu u\u017eit\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">yantra<\/span>, ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed popel (vibhuti).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obdoby<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145167\">Up\u00edr<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145155\">Draugr<\/a>, Jiangshi, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145113\">Edimmu<\/a>, z\u00e1padn\u00ed zombie postava.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zach\u00e1zen\u00ed v tant\u0159e a lidov\u00e9 v\u00ed\u0159e<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Tantrick\u00e1 Vetala-s\u00e1dhana<\/strong><\/p><p>Pokro\u010dil\u00ed tantri\u010dt\u00ed praktikanti vyhled\u00e1vaj\u00ed Vetalu c\u00edlen\u011b na \u0161ma\u0161\u00e1nu. Vetala je v\u00e1z\u00e1n speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi mantrami a u\u010din\u011bn sluhou, pot\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee prop\u016fj\u010dovat siddhi (nadp\u0159irozen\u00e9 schopnosti). Praxe je nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 a v klasick\u00e9 tradici povolena pouze pod dohledem gurua.<\/p><p><strong>Vikram\u00e1dity\u016fv cyklus<\/strong><\/p><p>25 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o Vetalovi se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed st\u00e1l\u00fdm sch\u00e9matem: Vikram\u00e1ditya nese Vetalu na ramenou, Vetala vypr\u00e1v\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh s h\u00e1dankou a po\u017eaduje odpov\u011b\u010f. Odpov\u00ed-li Vikram\u00e1ditya nespr\u00e1vn\u011b, zem\u0159e; odpov\u00ed-li spr\u00e1vn\u011b, ale promluv\u00ed, Vetala odl\u00e9t\u00e1 zp\u011bt ke stromu. Sch\u00e9ma se opakuje, dokud \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nevyhov\u00ed ob\u011bma.<\/p><p><strong>Lidov\u00e1 obrana<\/strong><\/p><p>Specifick\u00e9 amulety proti Vetalovi jsou v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9. Plat\u00ed obecn\u00e1 pravidla ochrany na h\u0159bitov\u011b: ne s\u00e1m, ne v noci, ne nep\u0159ipraven. K\u0159\u00ed\u017eov\u00e1 cesta, recitace <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Svat\u00e1 slabika nebo formule, opakovan\u011b pron\u00e1\u0161en\u00e1 v hinduismu a buddhismu.\" tabindex=\"0\">mantry<\/span> a ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed po kontaktu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralely a recepce<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Celosv\u011btov\u00e9 paralely:<\/strong> Motivy o\u017eivl\u00fdch mrtv\u00fdch sd\u00edlej\u00ed v mnoha kultur\u00e1ch z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vzorec. Vetala se li\u0161\u00ed \u201eobsazov\u00e1n\u00edm&#8220; ciz\u00ed mrtvoly, variantou, kter\u00e1 je zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 bl\u00edzk\u00e1 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9mu Jiangshi a slovansk\u00e9mu up\u00edrovi.<\/p><p><strong>Liter\u00e1rn\u00ed recepce:<\/strong> Burton\u016fv anglick\u00fd p\u0159eklad (1870) p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed Vetalapan\u010davim\u0161ati do z\u00e1padn\u00ed literatury. Rudyard Kipling ve sv\u00fdch indick\u00fdch pov\u00eddk\u00e1ch cituje tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span>. Modern\u00ed indick\u00e1 literatura (R. K. Narayan) a komiksy (s\u00e9rie Betaal) udr\u017euj\u00ed postavu \u017eivou.<\/p><p><strong>Popkultura:<\/strong> Bollywoodsk\u00e9 hororov\u00e9 filmy (Vikram Aur Betaal), fantasy hry na hrdiny (Dungeons &amp; Dragons), modern\u00ed fantasy rom\u00e1ny. Vetala je vedle R\u00e1k\u0161asy jednou z mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch indick\u00fdch d\u00e9monick\u00fdch postav.<\/p><div><p><strong>Psychologick\u00e9 funkce Vetala-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o boz\u00edch, po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch a \u0159\u00e1du sv\u011bta.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtu<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p>V psychoanalytick\u00fdch a kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch v\u00fdkladech je Vetala ch\u00e1p\u00e1n jako zobrazen\u00ed instinktivnosti, zejm\u00e9na sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed energie. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee Vetala o\u017eivuje mrtv\u00e9 t\u011blo, ukazuje okultn\u00ed mobilizaci \u017eivotn\u00edch energi\u00ed mimo rozumovou kontrolu. H\u00e1dankovou strukturu Vetala-cyklu lze \u010d\u00edst jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, kter\u00fd zastupuje n\u011bjakou p\u0159edstavu nebo v\u00fdznam.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span> nev\u011bdom\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se vzp\u00edr\u00e1 ovl\u00e1dnut\u00ed rozumem.<\/p><p>S ka\u017edou nespr\u00e1vnou odpov\u011bd\u00ed Vetala unikne, chytit ho je nemo\u017en\u00e9. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">Motiv<\/span> nosi\u010de mrtvoly tak\u00e9 ukazuje ambivalenci v\u016f\u010di t\u011blu a smrti v indick\u00e9 filosofii: t\u011blo nen\u00ed osobou, n\u00fdbr\u017e n\u00e1strojem, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ob\u00fdv\u00e1n mnoha silami.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp85662f7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp85662f7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf3e8536 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf3e8536\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vet\u00e1la-pan\u010davin\u0161at\u00ed: p\u011btadvacet z\u00e1hadn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc6ef6eb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpc6ef6eb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpafc0194 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpafc0194\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed liter\u00e1rn\u00ed souvislost, v n\u00ed\u017e se <em>Vet\u00e1la<\/em> objevuje, je <em>Vet\u00e1la-pan\u010davin\u0161at\u00ed<\/em>, &#8222;P\u011btadvacet vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed Vet\u00e1ly&#8220;. Tento r\u00e1mcov\u00fd cyklus pat\u0159\u00ed k nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vypr\u00e1v\u011bc\u00edm d\u00edl\u016fm indick\u00e9 literatury a je dochov\u00e1n v n\u011bkolika sanskrtsk\u00fdch verz\u00edch i v nes\u010detn\u00fdch zpracov\u00e1n\u00edch v m\u00edstn\u00edch jazyc\u00edch.<\/p><p>Zn\u00e1m\u00e9 sanskrtsk\u00e9 verze se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed zasazen\u00e9 do Somad\u00e9vovy <em>Kath\u00e1sarits\u00e1gary<\/em> a do K\u0161\u00e9mendrovy <em>Brihatkath\u00e1mand\u017ear\u00ed<\/em>, ob\u011b z 11. stolet\u00ed, a d\u00e1le v samostatn\u00e9 verzi \u0160ivad\u00e1sovy.<\/p><p>R\u00e1mcov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh je proslul\u00fd: kr\u00e1l, v mnoha verz\u00edch naz\u00fdvan\u00fd Vikram\u00e1ditja, dostane od askety \u00fakol p\u0159in\u00e9st z mrtvoln\u00e9ho pole z jednoho stromu mrtv\u00e9 t\u011blo. V tomto t\u011ble s\u00eddl\u00ed Vet\u00e1la. Kdykoli kr\u00e1l t\u011blo nese, za\u010dne Vet\u00e1la vypr\u00e1v\u011bt p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, kter\u00fd kon\u010d\u00ed z\u00e1ludnou ot\u00e1zkou.<\/p><p>Zn\u00e1-li kr\u00e1l odpov\u011b\u010f a p\u0159esto ml\u010d\u00ed, rozsko\u010d\u00ed se mu hlava. Odpov\u00ed-li na ot\u00e1zku, Vet\u00e1la se s mrtvolou vr\u00e1t\u00ed ke stromu a hra za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 znovu. Teprve u posledn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu kr\u00e1l odpov\u011b\u010f nezn\u00e1, a tak m\u016f\u017ee cyklus skon\u010dit.<\/p><p>Jednotliv\u00e1 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed jsou kazuistick\u00e9 h\u00e1danky, \u010dasto mor\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo pr\u00e1vn\u00ed dilemata: kdo z n\u011bkolika z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch nese v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vinu, kdo m\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1rok, jak\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed je \u010destn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p><p>Badatel\u00e9 pova\u017euj\u00ed <em>Vet\u00e1la-pan\u010davin\u0161at\u00ed<\/em> za d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd pramen pro indick\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed a mor\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edstavy. Vet\u00e1la zde nen\u00ed ani tak stra\u0161idelnou postavou, jako sp\u00ed\u0161e vtipn\u00fdm a nadlidsky chytr\u00fdm partnerem v rozhovoru, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezmocn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duchem<\/span>, kter\u00fd kr\u00e1le zkou\u0161\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm v\u011bdomost\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3e3230a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp3e3230a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd1fc0d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpd1fc0d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vet\u00e1la jako o\u017eiven\u00e1 mrtvola<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb7e95d8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpb7e95d8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp61a5bb8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp61a5bb8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm rysem Vet\u00e1ly v indick\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdomost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed po generace.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici<\/span> je jeho vztah k mrtv\u00e9mu t\u011blu. Vet\u00e1la je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezmocn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span>, kter\u00fd obsad\u00ed mrtv\u00e9 t\u011blo a h\u00fdbe j\u00edm, ani\u017e by toto t\u011blo ve skute\u010dn\u00e9m smyslu \u017eilo.<\/p><p>T\u00edm se pohybuje na prahu mezi smrt\u00ed a \u017eivotem, v\u00e1z\u00e1n na h\u0159bitovy, mrtvoln\u00e1 pole a m\u00edsta spalov\u00e1n\u00ed. Toto spojen\u00ed s mrtv\u00fdm jej v ritu\u00e1ln\u00edm smyslu \u010din\u00ed ne\u010distou bytost\u00ed a \u0159ad\u00ed jej mezi ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed duchy, k nim\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145174\">Pi\u0161\u00e1\u010da<\/a> a <em>Bh\u00fata<\/em>.<\/p><p>Schopnost Vet\u00e1ly vstoupit do mrtv\u00e9ho t\u011bla a o\u017eivit jej z n\u011bj v p\u0159edstav\u00e1ch u\u010dinila z\u00e1rove\u0148 nebezpe\u010dnou i u\u017eite\u010dnou bytost. Nebezpe\u010dnou, proto\u017ee setk\u00e1n\u00ed s mrtv\u00fdm, kter\u00fdm h\u00fdbe Vet\u00e1la, na mrtvoln\u00e9m poli bylo hroziv\u00fdm z\u00e1\u017eitkem.<\/p><p>U\u017eite\u010dnou, proto\u017ee texty vypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee si kouzeln\u00edk nebo asketa m\u016f\u017ee Vet\u00e1lu podrobit a u\u010dinit jej sv\u00fdm sluhou. Vet\u00e1la, jen\u017e je pod kontrolou, je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za cenn\u00e9ho pomocn\u00edka, kter\u00fd sv\u00e9mu p\u00e1novi poskytuje v\u011bdomosti, chr\u00e1n\u00ed jej nebo mu spl\u0148uje p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p>Pr\u00e1v\u011b tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> tvo\u0159\u00ed pozad\u00ed r\u00e1mcov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu <em>Vet\u00e1la-pan\u010davin\u0161at\u00ed<\/em>: asketa, kter\u00fd kr\u00e1le vys\u00edl\u00e1, chce Vet\u00e1lu vyu\u017e\u00edt pro vlastn\u00ed magick\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fd sled symbolick\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm nebo kulturn\u00edm v\u00fdznamem.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1l<\/span>. Religionistick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum spojuje tuto p\u0159edstavu s tantrick\u00fdmi proudy, v nich\u017e mrtvoln\u00e9 pole platilo za m\u00edsto duchovn\u00ed praxe a zach\u00e1zen\u00ed s ne\u010dist\u00fdm za cestu k moci.<\/p><p>Vet\u00e1la tak stoj\u00ed na k\u0159i\u017eovatce: pat\u0159\u00ed do sv\u011bta ob\u00e1van\u00fdch h\u0159bitovn\u00edch duch\u016f, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 do sv\u011bta ritu\u00e1ln\u00edch specialist\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed ovl\u00e1dnout to, \u010deho se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf3a68ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpf3a68ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfbf6bf9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpfbf6bf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cesty sv\u011btovou literaturou<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe54a265 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpe54a265\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpef1e9fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpef1e9fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Vet\u00e1la-pan\u010davin\u0161at\u00ed<\/em> je jedno z indick\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bc\u00edch d\u011bl s nej\u0161ir\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed p\u016fsobnost\u00ed. P\u0159es persk\u00e9 a arabsk\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00ed i p\u0159es p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159eklady se l\u00e1tka dostala do mnoha literatur.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>V Evrop\u011b se cyklus stal zn\u00e1m\u00fdm v 19. stolet\u00ed d\u00edky n\u011bkolika p\u0159eklad\u016fm. Zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 vlivn\u00e9, by\u0165 velmi voln\u00e9, bylo anglick\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed badatele a orientalisty Richarda Francise Burtona, kter\u00e9 vy\u0161lo roku 1870 pod titulem <em>Vikram and the Vampire<\/em>.<\/span><\/p><p>Burton\u016fv titul je z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159\u00edkladem probl\u00e9m\u016f p\u0159ekladu. Ztoto\u017en\u011bn\u00ed Vet\u00e1ly s evropsk\u00fdm up\u00edrem je hrub\u00fdm zjednodu\u0161en\u00edm. Vet\u00e1la nen\u00ed krev saj\u00edc\u00ed revenant podle slovansk\u00e9ho vzoru up\u00edra, n\u00fdbr\u017e <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezmocn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> obsazuj\u00edc\u00ed mrtv\u00e1 t\u011bla s vlastn\u00ed, zcela odli\u0161nou kulturn\u00ed logikou.<\/p><p>Burtonova volba slov nicm\u00e9n\u011b zap\u016fsobila a dodnes ovliv\u0148uje popul\u00e1rn\u00ed zobrazen\u00ed, v nich\u017e je Vet\u00e1la nespr\u00e1vn\u011b ozna\u010dov\u00e1n jako indick\u00fd up\u00edr. Religionistick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum zde nab\u00e1d\u00e1 k opatrnosti: takov\u00e1 ztoto\u017en\u011bn\u00ed zakr\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u00edce, ne\u017e vysv\u011btluj\u00ed.<\/p><p>R\u00e1mec h\u00e1danek <em>Vet\u00e1la-pan\u010davin\u0161at\u00ed<\/em> si nav\u00edc vytvo\u0159il vlastn\u00ed kari\u00e9ru. Struktura vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vrchol\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou, na ni\u017e mus\u00ed poslucha\u010d odpov\u011bd\u011bt, se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v mnoha vypr\u00e1v\u011bc\u00edch tradic\u00edch, a indick\u00fd cyklus je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za jeden z nejvlivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch vzor\u016f tohoto typu.<\/p><p>V samotn\u00e9 Indii je tato l\u00e1tka \u017eiv\u00e1 a\u017e do sou\u010dasnosti, ve zpracov\u00e1n\u00edch komiks\u016f, ve filmu a televizi, kde se dialogick\u00fd souboj mezi kr\u00e1lem a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezmocn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duchem<\/span> st\u00e1le znovu vypr\u00e1v\u00ed. Vet\u00e1la je tak jednou z m\u00e1la indick\u00fdch duchovn\u00edch bytost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 \u017eije d\u00e1l p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jako liter\u00e1rn\u00ed postava, m\u00e9n\u011b jako kultovn\u011b uct\u00edvan\u00e1 \u010di ob\u00e1van\u00e1 bytost.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Doporu\u010den\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed odkazy:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145168\">Hinduismus<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145171\">Rak\u0161asa<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145172\">Asura<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145174\">Pi\u0161\u00e1\u010da<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145175\">Jak\u0161in\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145167\">Up\u00edr<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145155\">Draugr<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145183\">Jiang-\u0161\u2019<\/a> (paralely)<\/li><li>Kath\u00e1sarits\u00e1gara a cyklus o Vikram\u00e1dityovi<\/li><li>Tantrick\u00e1 praxe \u0161ma\u0161\u00e1ny<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (v\u00fdb\u011br)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>V\u00fdb\u011br kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch prac\u00ed o Vet\u00e1lovi:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Somadeva: <em>Kathasaritsagara. Ozean der Erz\u00e4hlstr\u00f6me<\/em>. \u00dcbers. Hertel, Jena 1914.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Burton, Richard F.: <em>Vikram and the Vampire<\/em>. London 1870.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>White, David Gordon: <em>Sinister Yogis<\/em>. Chicago 2009.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Doniger, Wendy: <em>On Hinduism<\/em>. Oxford 2014.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Kripal, Jeffrey: <em>K\u0101l\u012b&#8217;s Child<\/em>. Chicago 1995.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed d\u00edla najdete v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145257\">seznamu literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-vetala-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-vetala-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-vetala\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-vetala-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-vetala-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">Zde popsan\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 praxe je v\u011bdeck\u00fdm za\u0159azen\u00edm historick\u00fdch tradic. iWell Guard navazuje na tuto kulturn\u011b-historickou linii nositeln\u00fdch ochrann\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f a p\u0159edstavuje jejich sou\u010dasnou formu. <a href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">V\u00edce o iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b5bd61 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8b5bd61\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bea1de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4bea1de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o Vetale<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Co je Vetala v hinduistick\u00e9 tradici?<\/h3><p>Vetala (sanskrt Vet\u0101la) je v hinduisticko-buddhistick\u00e9 tradici up\u00edrsky-zombie bytost, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bezt\u011blesn\u00e1 bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159isuzov\u00e1no p\u016fsoben\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span>, kter\u00fd ob\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010derstv\u00e9 mrtvoly a m\u016f\u017ee je o\u017eivit. Vetalov\u00e9 jsou spojov\u00e1ni s h\u0159bitovy, m\u00edsty pro p\u00e1len\u00ed mrtv\u00fdch a temnou str\u00e1nkou tantry.<\/p><p>B\u00fdvaj\u00ed velmi sta\u0159\u00ed, mudrci a dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed prorokovat, proto jsou vz\u00fdv\u00e1ni tantriky a jog\u00edny p\u0159i h\u0159bitovn\u00edm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fd sled symbolick\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm nebo kulturn\u00edm v\u00fdznamem.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1lu<\/span> (Smashana Sadhana). Ve slavn\u00e9m indick\u00e9m cyklu poh\u00e1dek Vetala Panchavimshati (25 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed Vetaly) je Vetala vyprav\u011b\u010dem.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Co je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> Vikrama a Vetaly?<\/h3><p>Cyklus Vetala Panchavimshati (t\u00e9\u017e Baital Pachisi, 11. stol.) je jedn\u00edm z nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch r\u00e1mcov\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed Indie. Kr\u00e1l Vikramaditya sl\u00edb\u00ed jednomu jog\u00ednovi, \u017ee sund\u00e1 mrtvolu ze stromu a p\u0159inese mu ji, ale mrtvola je o\u017eivena Vetalou, kter\u00fd p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m nesen\u00ed vypr\u00e1v\u00ed z\u00e1ludn\u00fd h\u00e1dankov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh a na konci polo\u017e\u00ed ot\u00e1zku.<\/p><p>Vikram mus\u00ed odpov\u011bd\u011bt, jinak mu praskne hlava, ale jakmile odpov\u00ed, Vetala odlet\u00ed zp\u011bt na strom. Mus\u00ed tak cel\u00fd postup zopakovat 24kr\u00e1t. Tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> inspiroval generace indick\u00fdch i z\u00e1padn\u00edch vyprav\u011b\u010d\u016f.<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Co je Vetala v hinduistick\u00e9 tradici?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Vetala (sanskrt Vet\u0101la) je v hinduisticko-buddhistick\u00e9 tradici up\u00edrsky-zombie bytost, duch, kter\u00fd ob\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010derstv\u00e9 mrtvoly a m\u016f\u017ee je o\u017eivit. Vetalov\u00e9 jsou spojov\u00e1ni s h\u0159bitovy, m\u00edsty pro p\u00e1len\u00ed mrtv\u00fdch a temnou str\u00e1nkou tantry.B\u00fdvaj\u00ed velmi sta\u0159\u00ed, mudrci a dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed prorokovat, proto jsou vz\u00fdv\u00e1ni tantriky a jog\u00edny p\u0159i h\u0159bitovn\u00edm ritu\u00e1lu (Smashana Sadhana). Ve slavn\u00e9m indick\u00e9m cyklu poh\u00e1dek Vetala Panchavimshati (25 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed Vetaly) je Vetala vyprav\u011b\u010dem.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Co je motiv Vikrama a Vetaly?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Cyklus Vetala Panchavimshati (t\u00e9\u017e Baital Pachisi, 11. stol.) je jedn\u00edm z nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch r\u00e1mcov\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed Indie. Kr\u00e1l Vikramaditya sl\u00edb\u00ed jednomu jog\u00ednovi, \u017ee sund\u00e1 mrtvolu ze stromu a p\u0159inese mu ji, ale mrtvola je o\u017eivena Vetalou, kter\u00fd p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m nesen\u00ed vypr\u00e1v\u00ed z\u00e1ludn\u00fd h\u00e1dankov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh a na konci polo\u017e\u00ed ot\u00e1zku.Vikram mus\u00ed odpov\u011bd\u011bt, jinak mu praskne hlava, ale jakmile odpov\u00ed, Vetala odlet\u00ed zp\u011bt na strom. Mus\u00ed tak cel\u00fd postup zopakovat 24kr\u00e1t. Tento motiv inspiroval generace indick\u00fdch i z\u00e1padn\u00edch vyprav\u011b\u010d\u016f.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1701,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Vetala","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Vetala \u2013 duch obsazuj\u00edc\u00ed mrtvoly Indie","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Vetala, duch obsazuj\u00edc\u00ed mrtvoly: bytost vzn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed se mezi smrt\u00ed a \u017eivotem. 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