{"id":145153,"date":"2026-09-03T16:27:34","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:27:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145153"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:48:15","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:48:15","slug":"ghul","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ghul\/","title":{"rendered":"Gh\u00fal"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145153\" class=\"elementor elementor-145153 elementor-1027\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gh\u00fal, d\u00e9mon isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gh\u00fal je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00ed bytost, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159isuzuje \u0161kodliv\u00fd nebo protikladn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9mon<\/span> isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice.<\/p><p><strong>H\u0159bitovn\u00ed a pou\u0161tn\u00ed d\u00e9mon, p\u016fvod modern\u00ed postavy gh\u00fala.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"D\u00e9mon \/ d\u00e9monka: Nadp\u0159irozen\u00e1 bytost s p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b \u0161kodliv\u00fdm nebo ambivalentn\u00edm p\u016fsoben\u00edm. Stoj\u00ed mezi bohy a lidmi, zp\u016fsobuje nemoci, poku\u0161en\u00ed nebo ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a je zah\u00e1n\u011bna za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm, apotropaiky a ritu\u00e1ly.\">D\u00e9mon<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145140\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Isl\u00e1msk\u00fd sv\u011bt v\u00edry s archand\u011bly, d\u017einy a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdmi bytostmi.\">Isl\u00e1m<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_islam_ghul-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1685\" alt=\"Gh\u00fal\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_islam_ghul-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_islam_ghul-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_islam_ghul-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_islam_ghul.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gh\u00fal<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gh\u00fal je v arabsko-isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradici no\u010dn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00ed bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1no \u0161kodliv\u00e9 nebo dvojzna\u010dn\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9mon<\/span> pou\u0161t\u00ed a h\u0159bitov\u016f. Jeho specialitou je prom\u011bna podoby.<\/p><p>Ve zn\u00e1m\u00e9m had\u00edthu Muhammad vypr\u00e1v\u00ed, \u017ee se mu gh\u00fal zjevil v podob\u011b kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 \u017eeny; jeho zmizen\u00ed zp\u016fsobilo vysloven\u00ed \u0161ah\u00e1dy (vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edry). Gh\u00falov\u00e9 sv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed cestovatele z cesty, po\u017e\u00edraj\u00ed mrtvoly a v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed lidov\u00e9 tradici i \u017eiv\u00e9.<\/p><p>Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Tis\u00edce a jedn\u00e9 noci se tato postava dostala do evropsk\u00e9ho pov\u011bdom\u00ed. Anglick\u00fd v\u00fdraz \u201eghoul&#8220; v hororov\u00e9 literatu\u0159e a filmu vych\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo z arabsk\u00e9ho <em>gh\u016bl<\/em>, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ztr\u00e1c\u00ed specificky pou\u0161tn\u00ed a h\u0159bitovn\u00ed rysy. V modern\u00edm pojet\u00ed ozna\u010duje gh\u00fal obecn\u011bji d\u00e9mona po\u017e\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edho mrtvoly, zat\u00edmco arabsk\u00e1 tradice je p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed: pou\u0161\u0165, h\u0159bitov, prom\u011bna v \u017eenskou podobu, \u00fastup p\u0159ed vyzn\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00edry.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159ehled: Gh\u00fal<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> pou\u0161tn\u00ed a h\u0159bitovn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00ed bytost, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159isuzuje \u0161kodliv\u00fd nebo protikladn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9mon<\/span>, po\u017e\u00edra\u010d mrtv\u00fdch<br>P\u016fvod: t\u0159\u00edda <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"V Kor\u00e1nu bytosti z kou\u0159e prost\u00e9ho ohn\u011b se svobodnou v\u016fl\u00ed, ani and\u011bl\u00e9, ani d\u00e9moni, n\u00fdbr\u017e samostatn\u00e9 stvo\u0159en\u00ed s vlastn\u00ed mor\u00e1lkou.\">d\u017ein\u016f<\/span>, se specifickou funkc\u00ed<br>Texty: had\u00eds, al-Dam\u00edr\u00ed, Tis\u00edc a jedna noc, lidov\u00e1 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed<br>Obdob\u00ed: p\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e9 po sou\u010dasnost<br>Pohlav\u00ed: mu\u017esk\u00e9 (gh\u00fal), \u017eensk\u00e9 (gh\u00fala, si&#8217;la), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e \u017eensk\u00e1 varianta je v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Historick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dolo\u017eeno ji\u017e v p\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 poezii z obdob\u00ed d\u017e\u00e1hil\u00edja, p\u0159evzato do isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice. Rozvinuto v had\u00edsech, klasick\u00e9 zoologii (al-Dam\u00edr\u00ed, <em>Hay\u00e1t al-hayaw\u00e1n<\/em>) a v Tis\u00edci a jedn\u00e9 noci. Modern\u00ed ohlas v literatu\u0159e a filmu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Arabsk\u00fd poloostrov jako oblast p\u016fvodu, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159eno s arabsko-isl\u00e1mskou kulturou. Modern\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm hororov\u00e9ho pojmu \u201eghoul&#8220;.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>P\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e1 poezie, had\u00eds (zejm\u00e9na setk\u00e1n\u00ed Muhammada), al-Dam\u00edr\u00ed, al-Kazw\u00edn\u00ed, Tis\u00edc a jedna noc, etnografick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce o arabsko-severoafrick\u00e9m lidov\u00e9m n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no a varianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Arabsky:<\/strong> <em>gh\u016bl<\/em> (jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo), <em>gh\u012bl\u0101n<\/em> (mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo); \u017eensk\u00fd tvar: <em>gh\u016bla<\/em>, \u010dast\u011bji <em>si&#8217;l\u0101(h)<\/em>.<br>Etymologie: ko\u0159en gh-w-l (\u201epohltit, zahubit&#8220;).<br>Anglicky\/francouzsky: ghoul \/ goule, p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 p\u0159ej\u00edmky.<br>P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9: si&#8217;la (\u017eensk\u00e1 varianta gh\u00faly, obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1).<\/p><p>\u017densk\u00e1 forma je v arabsk\u00e9 literatu\u0159e obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u00e1. Si&#8217;la se prom\u011b\u0148uje v kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 \u017eeny, l\u00e1k\u00e1 mu\u017ee na osam\u011bl\u00e1 m\u00edsta a pohlcuje je. Mu\u017esk\u00e1 forma se objevuje \u010dast\u011bji v podob\u011b zv\u00ed\u0159at (osel, \u0161akalovit\u00e1 stvo\u0159en\u00ed).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Popis<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Vzhled<\/strong><\/p><p>Hybridn\u00ed a prom\u011bnliv\u00e1 podoba. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed forma: osli\u010d\u00ed kopyta, hu\u0148at\u00e1 srst, rohy. V lidsk\u00e9 podob\u011b: kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 \u017eena (si&#8217;la) nebo l\u00e1kav\u00fd cizinec. V podob\u011b zv\u00ed\u0159ete: \u0161akal, hyena, osel.<\/p><p><strong>Chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Sv\u00e1d\u00ed poutn\u00edky z cesty, zejm\u00e9na v noci. Prom\u011b\u0148uje se do d\u016fv\u011brn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 nebo p\u0159ita\u017eliv\u00e9 podoby. Na h\u0159bitov\u011b vykop\u00e1v\u00e1 hroby a \u017eere mrtv\u00e1 t\u011bla. V nejhor\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech zab\u00edj\u00ed a po\u017e\u00edr\u00e1 \u017eiv\u00e9.<\/p><p><strong>Oblast p\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Pou\u0161\u0165, karavann\u00ed cesty, h\u0159bitovy, osam\u011bl\u00e1 m\u00edsta. Aktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v noci a ve dnech na p\u0159elomu (konec ramad\u00e1nu, ur\u010dit\u00e9 sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed noci). M\u00edstn\u00ed tradice p\u0159ipisuj\u00ed gh\u00faly konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm m\u00edst\u016fm.<\/p><p><strong>Mytologick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Podle klasick\u00e9 tradice podskupina d\u017ein\u016f. P\u0159edisl\u00e1msky mo\u017en\u00e1 samostatn\u00e1 kategorie, pozd\u011bji integrov\u00e1na do hierarchie d\u017ein\u016f. \u017den\u0161t\u00ed gh\u00falov\u00e9 jsou spojov\u00e1ni s ur\u010dit\u00fdmi h\u0159bitovn\u00edmi ritu\u00e1ly.<\/p><h3>Vzhled a symbolika<\/h3><p>Gh\u00falov\u00e9 jsou popisov\u00e1ni jako podobn\u00ed \u0161ed\u00fdm mrtvol\u00e1m se zkroucen\u00fdm t\u011blem a planouc\u00edma o\u010dima. Mohou na sebe vz\u00edt lidskou podobu. \u017den\u0161t\u00ed gh\u00falov\u00e9 n\u011bkdy p\u016fsob\u00ed sv\u016fdn\u011b. Gh\u00fal p\u00e1chne rozkladem. Tma a zk\u00e1za jsou jejich znamen\u00edmi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Gh\u00fal<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aspekty gh\u00fala na prvn\u00ed pohled.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tradice<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Podskupina d\u017ein\u016f; p\u0159edisl\u00e1msky mo\u017en\u00e1 samostatn\u00e1 kategorie. Klasick\u00e1 postava arabsk\u00e9 pou\u0161tn\u00ed a h\u0159bitovn\u00ed tradice.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vztahuje se na<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Poutn\u00edci samotn\u00ed v pou\u0161ti, karavany v noci, osam\u011bl\u00ed mu\u017ei. Na h\u0159bitov\u011b: truchl\u00edc\u00ed a hl\u00edda\u010di hrob\u016f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zobrazen\u00ed<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Prom\u011bnliv\u00e1 podoba: osli\u010d\u00ed kopyta v z\u00e1kladn\u00ed form\u011b, kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 \u017eena (si&#8217;la) nebo cizinec jako l\u00e1kav\u00e1 podoba, \u0161akal\/hyena\/osel jako zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed podoba.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fsobnost<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sv\u00e1d\u00ed z cesty, \u017eere mrtv\u00e1 t\u011bla, zab\u00edj\u00ed \u017eiv\u00e9. Pomal\u00e9 p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pomoc\u00ed lsti, nikoliv n\u00e1hl\u00fd \u00fatok.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Formy ochrany<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vy\u0159\u010den\u00ed \u0161ah\u00e1dy (vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edry) je podle had\u00edsu spolehlivou obranou. Nechodit s\u00e1m v noci, nevstupovat s\u00e1m na h\u0159bitov. Bismillah p\u0159ed nejist\u00fdmi kroky.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obdoby<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145125\">Emp\u00fasa<\/a> (strukturn\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00e1), <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145131\">striga<\/a>, lamie, modern\u00ed up\u00ed\u0159\u00ed a vlkodla\u010d\u00ed postavy, hororov\u00fd ghoul.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Praktick\u00e1 ochrana<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><h3>Praxe \u0161ah\u00e1dy<\/h3><p>Slavn\u00fd had\u00eds vypr\u00e1v\u00ed, jak Muhammad potkal gh\u00fala a zahnal ho pronesen\u00edm \u0161ah\u00e1dy (\u201eNen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost uct\u00edvan\u00e1 jako bo\u017estvo v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017estva<\/span> krom\u011b All\u00e1ha a Muhammad je jeho posel&#8220;). Tato praxe je dodnes pova\u017eov\u00e1na za klasickou obranu proti gh\u00falovi.<\/p><p><strong>Pravidla chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Necestovat v noci s\u00e1m; h\u0159bitovy nav\u0161t\u011bvovat s \u00factou a s <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Jazykov\u00e9 obr\u00e1cen\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka k bo\u017estvu.\" tabindex=\"0\">modlitbou<\/span>; p\u0159i vstupu do nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch obydl\u00ed pron\u00e9st basmalu; v ohro\u017een\u00ed pron\u00e9st Ta\u02bfawwuz. V klasick\u00e9 poezii hrdina \u010del\u00ed gh\u00falovi odv\u00e1\u017en\u011b, neustoupen\u00ed je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnou obranu.<\/p><h3>Amulety<\/h3><p>Kor\u00e1nov\u00e9 ver\u0161e v amuletech hirz, zejm\u00e9na ochrann\u00e9 s\u00fary a Ajat al-Kurs\u00ed. Salamounova pe\u010de\u0165 jako ochrann\u00fd znak. V severn\u00ed Africe: ruka Hamsa a talismany s kor\u00e1nov\u00fdmi ver\u0161i.<\/p><h3><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factov\u00fdch praktik v\u016f\u010di bo\u017estvu nebo svat\u00e9 postav\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">Kult<\/span> a uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3><p>Gh\u00falov\u00e9 nejsou uct\u00edv\u00e1ni, ale ob\u00e1v\u00e1ni a odh\u00e1n\u011bni. Kor\u00e1nov\u00e9 ver\u0161e slou\u017e\u00ed jako ochrana. Cestovatel\u00e9 d\u011blali hluk, aby je zahnali. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 bylo kadidlo a modlitby. Mudrci a \u010darod\u011bjov\u00e9 je um\u011bli zakl\u00edt, ale bylo to nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralely a dal\u0161\u00ed p\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Antick\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epocha \u0159eck\u00e9 a \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 kultury, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 800 p\u0159. n. l. a\u017e 600 n. l.\" tabindex=\"0\">st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00fd sv\u011bt<\/span>:<\/strong> Emp\u00fasa a Lamia v \u0159eck\u00e9 tradici, striga v \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9, v\u0161echny ukazuj\u00ed stejn\u00fd vzor prom\u011bnliv\u00e9, sv\u00e1div\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00ed bytosti, kter\u00e1 \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na poutn\u00edky. P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti nejsou prok\u00e1z\u00e1ny, struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed paralely jsou v\u0161ak jednozna\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p><h3>Persk\u00e9 a st\u0159edoasijsk\u00e9 tradice<\/h3><p>Persk\u00fd <em>gh\u0101l<\/em> (obsahov\u011b jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed), tureck\u00e9 varianty p\u0159ej\u00edmaj\u00ed arabsk\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> a spojuj\u00ed jej s m\u00edstn\u00edmi duchy.<\/p><p><strong>Z\u00e1padn\u00ed p\u0159ijet\u00ed:<\/strong> Ghoul anglick\u00e9 hororov\u00e9 literatury (Lovecraft a dal\u0161\u00ed) i filmu p\u0159\u00edmo navazuje na gh\u00fala. V z\u00e1padn\u00edch hr\u00e1ch na hrdiny a v popkultu\u0159e se z ghoula stal obecn\u00fd po\u017e\u00edra\u010d mrtvol, specifick\u00e9 rysy gh\u00fala (pou\u0161\u0165, prom\u011bna, obrana skrze vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edry) se ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5421677 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp5421677\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp359d29e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp359d29e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gh\u00fal v p\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e9 a ran\u011b isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradici<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6353b10 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp6353b10\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd7035cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpd7035cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>gh\u016bl<\/em> pat\u0159\u00ed k nejstar\u0161\u00edm postav\u00e1m arabsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 p\u0159edstavivosti a je zn\u00e1m ji\u017e z p\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e9 poezie. Ve staroarabsk\u00e9 poezii se <em>gh\u016bl<\/em> objevuje jako bytost pou\u0161t\u011b a osam\u011bl\u00fdch cest, kter\u00e1 sv\u00e1d\u00ed cestovatele z cesty, \u010d\u00edh\u00e1 na n\u011b a pohlcuje je.<\/p><p>Proslul\u00e1 je v n\u011bkolika pod\u00e1n\u00edch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00e1 epizoda, v n\u00ed\u017e p\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00fd b\u00e1sn\u00edk Ta\u02beabbata \u0160arr\u00e1n potk\u00e1v\u00e1 v noci gh\u00fala, z\u00e1pas\u00ed s n\u00edm a por\u00e1\u017e\u00ed ho; b\u00e1se\u0148, v n\u00ed\u017e se t\u00edmto setk\u00e1n\u00edm chlub\u00ed, pat\u0159\u00ed k nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm doklad\u016fm existence t\u00e9to postavy.<\/p><p>S p\u0159\u00edchodem isl\u00e1mu nebyl <em>gh\u016bl<\/em> zru\u0161en, ale nov\u011b za\u0159azen. V prorock\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici<\/span>, had\u00edthu, se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v\u00fdroky, kter\u00e9 existenci <em>gh\u016bl<\/em> z\u010d\u00e1sti pop\u00edraj\u00ed nebo zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed, z\u010d\u00e1sti jej vykl\u00e1daj\u00ed jako jednu z podob <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145150\">d\u017ein\u016f<\/a>.<\/p><p>Zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tradice rad\u00ed p\u0159i setk\u00e1n\u00ed s takovou bytost\u00ed pron\u00e9st svol\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed k modlitb\u011b. Isl\u00e1msk\u00e1 u\u010denost tak za\u0159adila <em>gh\u016bl<\/em> do syst\u00e9mu d\u017ein\u016f: nen\u00ed samostatn\u00fdm stvo\u0159en\u00edm, n\u00fdbr\u017e zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 zlovoln\u00fdm, tvar m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm d\u017einem.<\/p><p>Toto za\u0159azen\u00ed je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro religionistick\u00e9 pochopen\u00ed v\u011bci. Isl\u00e1m p\u0159evzal existuj\u00edc\u00ed lidov\u00e9 postavy, ale pod\u0159\u00eddil je vlastn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159edstava o uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159\u00e1du sv\u011bta v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00e9 kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">kosmologii<\/span>. <em>gh\u016bl<\/em> ztratil status samostatn\u00e9 pou\u0161tn\u00ed bytosti a stal se jedn\u00edm typem v r\u00e1mci hierarchie d\u017ein\u016f.<\/p><p>Lidov\u00e1 tradice vedle toho udr\u017eovala p\u0159i \u017eivot\u011b star\u0161\u00ed, konkr\u00e9tn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavu, tak\u017ee <em>gh\u016bl<\/em> dodnes existuje ve dvou rovin\u00e1ch: jako teologicky za\u0159azen\u00fd d\u017ein a jako ne\u00faprosn\u00e1 stra\u0161ideln\u00e1 postava vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb10abd9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpb10abd9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3318b10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp3318b10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Etymologie a s\u00e9mantick\u00e9 pole zk\u00e1zy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp84f0b60 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp84f0b60\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe8d9817 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpe8d9817\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jazykov\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed <em>gh\u00fal<\/em> ke ko\u0159eni, jeho\u017e z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdznam se pohybuje v oblasti uchv\u00e1cen\u00ed, zmocn\u011bn\u00ed se a n\u00e1hl\u00e9 zk\u00e1zy. P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 sloveso ozna\u010duje p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9 zmocn\u011bn\u00ed se, uchv\u00e1cen\u00ed, ne\u010dekan\u00e9 ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u010dlov\u011bka postihne.<\/p><p>Slovo <em>gh\u00fal<\/em> tedy ve sv\u00e9m p\u0159enesen\u00e9m smyslu znamen\u00e1 &#8222;ten, kdo uchvacuje&#8220;, bytost, kter\u00e1 poutn\u00edka n\u00e1hle popadne. Tato etymologie p\u0159esn\u011b odpov\u00edd\u00e1 jeho \u00faloze \u010d\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edho na opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch m\u00edstech.<\/p><p>Ze stejn\u00e9ho ko\u0159ene je odvozen i v\u00fdraz <em>gh\u00edla<\/em>, ozna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00e9, lstiv\u00e9 zabit\u00ed. Jazykov\u00e1 bl\u00edzkost mezi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00ed bytost, j\u00ed\u017e se p\u0159isuzuje \u0161kodliv\u00e9 nebo rozporn\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9monem<\/span> a konceptem z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00e9ho p\u0159epaden\u00ed nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e1: <em>gh\u00fal<\/em> zt\u011bles\u0148uje p\u0159esn\u011b tento druh hrozby, kter\u00e1 nep\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v otev\u0159en\u00e9m boji, ale ze z\u00e1lohy.<\/p><p>Zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 je historie tohoto slova i mimo arab\u0161tinu. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159ijet\u00ed orient\u00e1ln\u00ed vypr\u00e1v\u011bc\u00ed literatury, zejm\u00e9na sb\u00edrky <em>Tis\u00edc a jedna noc<\/em>, se slovo v osmn\u00e1ct\u00e9m a devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed dostalo do evropsk\u00fdch jazyk\u016f. Anglick\u00e9 <em>ghoul<\/em> a jeho ekvivalenty v jin\u00fdch jazyc\u00edch jsou p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 v\u00fdp\u016fj\u010dky.<\/p><p>P\u0159itom se posunul v\u00fdznam: zat\u00edmco arabsk\u00fd <em>gh\u00fal<\/em> je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm bytost\u00ed pou\u0161t\u011b a cest, kter\u00e1 pohlcuje \u017eiv\u00e9 poutn\u00edky, evropsk\u00fd <em>ghoul<\/em> se z\u00fa\u017eil na vykr\u00e1da\u010de hrob\u016f a po\u017e\u00edra\u010de mrtvol, bytost h\u0159bitov\u016f.<\/p><p>Toto z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdznamu je u\u010debnicov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem toho, jak v\u00fdp\u016fj\u010dka p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed postavu: p\u0159ejat\u00e9 slovo si zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u016fj zvuk, ale p\u0159edstava se p\u0159izp\u016fsobuje strach\u016fm p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00edc\u00ed kultury.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2452c7b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2452c7b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe0f82b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpe0f82b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Si\u02bfl\u00e1t a \u017eensk\u00e1 varianta<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp477b087 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp477b087\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdabba72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpdabba72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Arabsk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed mezi generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span> zn\u00e1 vedle <em>gh\u016bl<\/em> \u0159adu p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b \u017eensk\u00fdch postav, kter\u00e9 tento obraz d\u00e1le rozli\u0161uj\u00ed. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je <em>si\u02bfl\u0101<\/em> (mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo <em>si\u02bf\u0101l\u012b<\/em>), \u017eensk\u00e1 d\u00e9monka, kterou n\u011bkter\u00e9 prameny pova\u017euj\u00ed za man\u017eelku nebo za druh <em>gh\u016bl<\/em>.<\/p><p><em>si\u02bfl\u0101<\/em> vystupuje v p\u0159\u00edb\u011bz\u00edch, v nich\u017e se prom\u011bn\u00ed v kr\u00e1snou \u017eenu, provd\u00e1 se za mu\u017ee, porod\u00ed mu d\u011bti a \u017eije s n\u00edm, dokud nevyjde na sv\u011btlo jej\u00ed prav\u00e1 podstata a ona nezmiz\u00ed nebo se nestane nebezpe\u010dnou.<\/p><p>Tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> nadp\u0159irozen\u00e9 man\u017eelky, jej\u00ed\u017e p\u016fvod z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 skryt\u00fd, je v arabsk\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bc\u00ed literatu\u0159e \u0161iroce dolo\u017een a spojuje komplex <em>gh\u016bl<\/em> s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm typem poh\u00e1dky. N\u011bkter\u00e9 genealogick\u00e9 tradice arabsk\u00fdch kmen\u016f dokonce odvozovaly ur\u010dit\u00e9 p\u0159edky ze spojen\u00ed s <em>si\u02bfl\u0101<\/em>, co\u017e ukazuje, \u017ee tato p\u0159edstava nebyla jen stra\u0161ideln\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem, ale i sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o p\u016fvodu rodu.<\/p><p>\u017densk\u00e1 varianta m\u00e1 jin\u00fd d\u016fraz ne\u017e mu\u017esk\u00fd pou\u0161tn\u00ed <em>gh\u016bl<\/em>. Zat\u00edmco ten ohro\u017euje surov\u00fdm n\u00e1sil\u00edm a po\u017e\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm, <em>si\u02bfl\u0101<\/em> p\u016fsob\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm podvodu, sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed a pronik\u00e1n\u00ed do dom\u00e1c\u00ed a rodinn\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry. Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed se p\u0159esouv\u00e1 z osam\u011bl\u00e9 cesty do vlastn\u00edho domu.<\/p><p>Z religionistick\u00e9ho hlediska se v tom odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed genderov\u011b specifick\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed strachu: na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b strach z vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho dravce, na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b strach z neproniknuteln\u00e9 cizinky uvnit\u0159 rodiny. Ob\u011b postavy k sob\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed a teprve spole\u010dn\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed \u00fapln\u00fd obraz arabsk\u00e9 v\u00edry v <em>gh\u016bl<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Doporu\u010den\u00e9 intern\u00ed odkazy:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145140\">Isl\u00e1m<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145149\">Ibl\u00eds<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145150\">D\u017einn<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145151\">\u0160aj\u00e1t\u00edn<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145152\">Ifr\u00edt<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145125\">Empusa<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145131\">Striga<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145124\">Lamia<\/a> (paralely)<\/li><li>Tis\u00edc a jedna noc<\/li><li>Recepce hororu na Z\u00e1pad\u011b<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (v\u00fdb\u011br)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>V\u00fdb\u011br kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch prac\u00ed o gh\u00falovi a p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch postav\u00e1ch:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Marzolph, Ulrich \/ van Leeuwen, Richard: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/arabiannightsenc0000unse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Arabian Nights Encyclopedia<\/a><\/em>. Santa Barbara 2004.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>al-Rawi, Ahmed: \u201eThe Arabic Ghoul and its Western Transformation.&#8220; In: <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 kultura se zvyky, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edmi a p\u00edsn\u011bmi.\" tabindex=\"0\">Folklore<\/span><\/em> 120 (2009).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Henninger, Joseph: <em>Arabica Sacra<\/em>. Freiburg 1981.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Jayyusi, Salma K. (ed.): <em>Modern Arabic Fiction<\/em>. New York 2005 (k liter\u00e1rn\u00ed recepci).<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dal\u0161\u00ed standardn\u00ed d\u00edla v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145257\">seznamu literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-ghul-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-ghul-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-ghul\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-ghul-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-ghul-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">Zde popsan\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 praxe je v\u011bdeck\u00fdm za\u0159azen\u00edm historick\u00fdch tradic. iWell Guard navazuje na tuto kulturn\u011b-historickou linii nositeln\u00fdch ochrann\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f a p\u0159edstavuje jejich sou\u010dasnou formu. <a href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">V\u00edce o iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1685,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Gh\u00fal","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Gh\u00fal - h\u0159bitovn\u00ed a pou\u0161tn\u00ed d\u00e9mon","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Gh\u00fal, h\u0159bitovn\u00ed a pou\u0161tn\u00ed d\u00e9mon isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice. P\u016fvod modern\u00ed postavy gh\u00fala, s odkazy na Kor\u00e1n a Tis\u00edc a jednu noc.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"4","wesen_kultur":"islam","wesen_klasse":"daemonen","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-145153","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gh\u00fal - h\u0159bitovn\u00ed a pou\u0161tn\u00ed d\u00e9mon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Gh\u00fal, h\u0159bitovn\u00ed a pou\u0161tn\u00ed d\u00e9mon isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice. 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