{"id":145149,"date":"2026-09-03T16:27:31","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:27:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145149"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:48:10","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:48:10","slug":"iblis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/iblis\/","title":{"rendered":"Iblis"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145149\" class=\"elementor elementor-145149 elementor-1023\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Iblis, b\u016fh isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Odm\u00edta\u010d, protivn\u00edk isl\u00e1mu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dif-iblis\">Iblis v narativu o p\u00e1du and\u011bl\u016f<\/h2>\n<p>Iblis je prim\u00e1rn\u011b <strong>postavou p\u00e1du and\u011bl\u016f<\/strong> isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice. Sedm s\u00far (Q 2:34; 7:11-18; 15:28-43; 17:61-65; 18:50; 20:116-123; 38:71-85) vypr\u00e1v\u00ed shodn\u011b: All\u00e1h stvo\u0159\u00ed <strong>Adama z hl\u00edny<\/strong> a p\u0159ik\u00e1\u017ee v\u0161em and\u011bl\u016fm i Iblisovi, aby se mu poklonili; Iblis odm\u00edtne s od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee byl stvo\u0159en z <strong>ohn\u011b<\/strong>, co\u017e je vzne\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hl\u00edna. Tento h\u0159\u00edch p\u00fdchy (<em>kibr<\/em>) vede k jeho zatracen\u00ed.<\/p><p>Iblis \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 o odklad a\u017e do Soudn\u00e9ho dne a je mu vyhov\u011bno, aby p\u016fsobil jako <strong>sv\u016fdce lidstva<\/strong>. V t\u00e9to funkci je tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1n <em>al-\u0160ait\u00e1n<\/em> (\u201eprotivn\u00edk\u201c) nebo <em>al-rad\u017e\u00edm<\/em> (\u201ekamenovan\u00fd\u201c).<\/p><p><strong>S\u00fafijsk\u00fd v\u00fdklad<\/strong> (Hall\u00e1d\u017e, \u02bfAtt\u00e1r) paradoxn\u011b obrac\u00ed jeho odm\u00edtnut\u00ed: z l\u00e1sky k All\u00e1hovi se cht\u011bl poklonit pouze samotn\u00e9mu Bohu. Tento v\u00fdklad je v hlavn\u00edm proudu pova\u017eov\u00e1n za kac\u00ed\u0159sk\u00fd, teologicky je v\u0161ak propracovan\u00fd.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"B\u016fh \/ bohyn\u011b: Zosobn\u011bn\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed moc v panteonu kultury s jasn\u011b vymezen\u00fdmi oblastmi p\u016fsobnosti, jako jsou p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed s\u00edly, osud, v\u00e1lka nebo plodnost. Uct\u00edvan\u00fd prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kult\u016f, ob\u011bt\u00ed a chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch instituc\u00ed.\">B\u016fh<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145140\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Isl\u00e1msk\u00fd sv\u011bt v\u00edry s archand\u011bly, d\u017einy a dal\u0161\u00edmi n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdmi bytostmi.\">Isl\u00e1m<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145232\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00edly chaosu a kosmi\u010dt\u00ed protivn\u00edci, protihr\u00e1\u010di v n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9m dualismu.\">Antib\u016fh<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_islam_iblis-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1595\" alt=\"Iblis\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_islam_iblis-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_islam_iblis-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_islam_iblis-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_islam_iblis.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Iblis<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Iblis je hlavn\u00ed protivnickou postavou isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradice. Jeho kl\u00ed\u010dovou sc\u00e9nou, vypr\u00e1v\u011bnou v Kor\u00e1nu na n\u011bkolika m\u00edstech (mimo jin\u00e9 v s\u00fa\u0159e 2,34; 7,11, 18; 15,28, 35; 38,71, 85), je odm\u00edtnut\u00ed poklonit se p\u0159ed Adamem.<\/p><p>Kdy\u017e B\u016fh stvo\u0159\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka z hl\u00edny a p\u0159ik\u00e1\u017ee <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 poslov\u00e1 bytost Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl\u016fm<\/span>, aby se mu poklonili, Iblis odporuje: byl stvo\u0159en z ohn\u011b, kde\u017eto Adam pouze z hl\u00edny. Toto jedin\u00e9 odm\u00edtnut\u00ed z n\u011bj u\u010din\u00ed v\u016fdce \u0161ajat\u00edn\u016f.<\/p><p>Struktur\u00e1ln\u011b se li\u0161\u00ed od Satana: podle s\u00fary 18,50 nen\u00ed Iblis <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 poslov\u00e1 bytost Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl<\/span>, ale <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"V Kor\u00e1nu bytost z bezd\u00fdmn\u00e9ho ohn\u011b se svobodnou v\u016fl\u00ed, ani and\u011bl, ani d\u00e9mon, n\u00fdbr\u017e samostatn\u00e9 stvo\u0159en\u00ed s vlastn\u00ed mor\u00e1lkou.\">d\u017ein<\/span>, p\u0159esto st\u00e1l mezi and\u011bly, tak vysok\u00e9 bylo jeho postaven\u00ed. Jeho p\u00e1d nen\u00ed mocensk\u00fdm bojem, n\u00fdbr\u017e neposlu\u0161nost\u00ed. Jeho p\u016fsoben\u00ed a\u017e do Soudn\u00e9ho dne mu B\u016fh povolil: m\u016f\u017ee lidi sv\u00e1d\u011bt, nikoli je k tomu nutit.<\/p><div><p><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 kor\u00e1nsk\u00e9 texty<\/strong><\/p><p>Iblis vystupuje v Kor\u00e1nu ve v\u00edce s\u00far\u00e1ch. \u00dast\u0159edn\u00edm vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00edm je odm\u00edtnut\u00ed poklonit se p\u0159ed Adamem: <em>A kdy\u017e jsme \u0159ekli and\u011bl\u016fm: \u201aPoklo\u0148te se p\u0159ed Adamem\u2018, poklonili se v\u0161ichni, krom\u011b Iblise<\/em> (s\u00fara 2,34; podobn\u011b 7,11, 12; 15,28, 32; 17,61; 18,50; 20,116; 38,71, 74).<\/p><p>Toto odm\u00edtnut\u00ed je prvotn\u00edm h\u0159\u00edchem Kor\u00e1nu a stav\u00ed Iblise do role hlavn\u00edho protivn\u00edka lidsk\u00e9 sp\u00e1sy.<\/p><p>V doprovodn\u00fdch ver\u0161\u00edch Iblis rozv\u00e1d\u00ed sv\u00e9 od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed: byl stvo\u0159en z bezd\u00fdmn\u00e9ho ohn\u011b (<em>marij min nar<\/em>), Adam z hl\u00edny; poklonit se p\u0159ed n\u00ed\u017ee postaven\u00fdm stvo\u0159en\u00edm je pro n\u011bj nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9. Tato konstrukce v s\u00fa\u0159e 38,76 d\u011bl\u00e1 z p\u00fdchy struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu p\u00e1du, paraleln\u011b k k\u0159es\u0165ansko-lucifersk\u00e9 tradici <em>superbia<\/em>.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Na prvn\u00ed pohled: Iblis<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Protivn\u00edk, v\u016fdce \u0161ajat\u00edn\u016f<br>P\u016fvod: d\u017ein z bezd\u00fdmn\u00e9ho ohn\u011b (s\u00fara 18,50)<br>Jm\u00e9na: Iblis, Az\u00e1z\u00edl (p\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e9), a\u0161-\u0160ait\u00e1n al-Rad\u017e\u00edm<br>Texty: Kor\u00e1n (mnoho m\u00edst), had\u00edthy, qisas al-anbiy\u00e1<br>Funkce: sv\u016fdce, u\u010ditel nepravdy, protivn\u00edk posledn\u00edch \u010das\u016f<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kor\u00e1nsk\u00fd z\u00e1klad ze 7. stolet\u00ed n. l. Rozvinut\u00e1 recepce v klasick\u00e9 kor\u00e1nsk\u00e9 exegezi (tafs\u00edr), v qisas al-anbiy\u00e1 (\u201ep\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy prorok\u016f\u201c) a v s\u00fafijsk\u00e9 literatu\u0159e (zejm\u00e9na al-Hall\u00e1d\u017e, Ibn Arab\u00ed s vlastn\u00edmi v\u00fdklady). Modern\u00ed recepce v isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologii<\/span> a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b pro\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 religiozita, \u010dasto soub\u011b\u017en\u011b s ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed naukou.\" tabindex=\"0\">lidov\u00e9 religiozit\u011b<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Isl\u00e1msk\u00fd sv\u011bt jako celek. M\u00edstn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b pro\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 religiozita, \u010dasto soub\u011b\u017en\u011b s ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed naukou.\" tabindex=\"0\">lidov\u00e1 religiozita<\/span> spojuje p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy o Iblisovi s region\u00e1ln\u00edmi d\u00e9monick\u00fdmi motivy severoafrick\u00fdmi, turecko-st\u0159edoasijsk\u00fdmi i jihov\u00fdchodoasijsk\u00fdmi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kor\u00e1n (s\u00fary 2, 7, 15, 17, 18, 20, 38 a dal\u0161\u00ed), sb\u00edrky had\u00edth\u016f (Buch\u00e1r\u00ed, Muslim), qisas al-anbiy\u00e1 (al-Kis\u00e1\u00ed, al-Thalab\u00ed), s\u00fafijsk\u00e1 literatura (al-Hall\u00e1d\u017e, Ibn Arab\u00ed, R\u00fam\u00ed), modern\u00ed teologick\u00e9 v\u00fdklady.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ozna\u010den\u00ed a zp\u016fsoby psan\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Arabsky:<\/strong> <em>Iblis<\/em>, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b odvozeno z \u0159eck\u00e9ho <em>diabolos<\/em>.<br>P\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e9\/apokalyptick\u00e9: <em>Az\u00e1z\u00edl<\/em> (v n\u011bkter\u00fdch tradic\u00edch jm\u00e9no Iblise p\u0159ed jeho h\u0159\u00edchem).<br>P\u0159\u00edzviska: <em>a\u0161-\u0160ait\u00e1n al-Rad\u017e\u00edm<\/em>, \u201ekamenovan\u00fd \u010f\u00e1bel\u201c; <em>al-Chann\u00e1s<\/em>, \u201eten, kdo se stahuje zp\u011bt\u201c; <em>&#8218;Aduwwu&#8217;ll\u00e1h<\/em>, \u201eBo\u017e\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edtel\u201c.<\/p><p>Etymologie z <em>diabolos<\/em> ukazuje na kontakt s k\u0159es\u0165ansko-\u017eidovskou tradic\u00ed p\u0159ed vznikem isl\u00e1mu. P\u0159\u00edzviska rozd\u011bluj\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 aspekty: jeho vyhn\u00e1n\u00ed z Bo\u017e\u00ed bl\u00edzkosti, jeho \u00fat\u011bk p\u0159i zm\u00ednce All\u00e1hova jm\u00e9na a jeho nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Povahov\u00e9 rysy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Zjev<\/strong><\/p><p>Kor\u00e1n neposkytuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd popis vzhledu. S\u00fafijsk\u00e1 literatura zd\u016fraz\u0148uje jeho ohnivou podstatu. Lidov\u00e1 tradice ho zobrazuje jako d\u011bsiv\u00e9ho, rohat\u00e9ho, ohniv\u00e9ho. V u\u017e\u0161\u00edm smyslu neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1le\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed k pevn\u011b stanoven\u00e9mu korpusu svat\u00fdch text\u016f n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed; nekanonick\u00e9 texty jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za apokryfn\u00ed.\">kanonicky<\/span> ust\u00e1len\u00e1 isl\u00e1msk\u00e1 obrazov\u00e1 tradice.<\/p><p><strong>Chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Odm\u00edt\u00e1 poklon\u011bnou \u00faklonu p\u0159ed Adamem. Pros\u00ed All\u00e1ha o odklad a\u017e do Soudn\u00e9ho dne, aby mohl sv\u00e1d\u011bt lidstvo. All\u00e1h mu to povoluje, Ibl\u00eds se st\u00e1v\u00e1 zkou\u0161kou, nikoli kosmickou protisilou.<\/p><p><strong>Oblast p\u016fsoben\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Cel\u00e9 lidstvo. Jeho obl\u00edben\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem je <em>waswasa<\/em> (poku\u0161itelsk\u00e9 po\u0161ept\u00e1n\u00ed). Nep\u016fsob\u00ed n\u00e1sil\u00edm, ale \u0161ept\u00e1n\u00edm pochybnost\u00ed a myln\u00fdch my\u0161lenek.<\/p><p><strong>Mytologick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Podle s\u00fary 18,50 je Ibl\u00eds d\u017einn, stvo\u0159en\u00fd z bezd\u00fdmn\u00e9ho ohn\u011b. T\u00edm se podstatn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od k\u0159es\u0165ansko-\u017eidovsk\u00e9ho \u201epadl\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 poselsk\u00e1 bytost Boha.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bla<\/span>\u201c. S\u00fafijsk\u00e9 v\u00fdklady (zejm\u00e9na al-Hall\u00e1d\u017e) \u010dtou Ibl\u00edsovo odm\u00edtnut\u00ed i jako v\u00fdraz \u010dir\u00e9ho tawh\u00eddov\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u00edra v jedin\u00e9ho Boha.\" tabindex=\"0\">monoteismu<\/span>: cht\u011bl se klan\u011bt pouze Bohu, nikoli \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu stvo\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p><div><p><strong>S\u00fafijsk\u00e1 tradice a ambivalentn\u00ed v\u00fdklady<\/strong><\/p><p>Samostatnou a n\u00e1bo\u017eensko-historicky fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed vrstvu tvo\u0159\u00ed s\u00fafijsk\u00e1 tradice o Ibl\u00edsovi. Mans\u00far al-Hall\u00e1d\u017e (zem\u0159el 922) rozvinul ve sv\u00e9m d\u00edle <em>Kitab al-Tawasin<\/em> paradoxn\u00ed v\u00fdklad: Ibl\u00eds je prav\u00fd monoteista, kter\u00fd se sv\u00fdm odm\u00edtnut\u00edm absolutn\u011b vyzn\u00e1v\u00e1 k Bohu, proto\u017ee se neklan\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jin\u00e9 bytosti.<\/p><p>Tento v\u00fdklad byl ortodoxn\u00ed isl\u00e1mskou tradic\u00ed zavr\u017een jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"V k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 tradici u\u010den\u00ed odchyluj\u00edc\u00ed se od ortodoxn\u00ed pozice; ve starov\u011bku a st\u0159edov\u011bku postihov\u00e1no sankcemi.\">heretick\u00fd<\/span> a vedl k al-Hall\u00e1d\u017eov\u011b poprav\u011b, p\u0159esto z\u016fstal \u017eiv\u00fd v s\u00fafijsk\u00e9 tradici. Far\u00eddodd\u00edn Att\u00e1r (zem\u0159el 1221) jej d\u00e1le rozvinul ve sv\u00e9m d\u00edle <em>Mantiq at-Tair<\/em>; Ibn Arab\u00ed (zem\u0159el 1240) jej zapracoval do sv\u00e9 spekulativn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Esoterick\u00e1 nauka, zalo\u017een\u00e1 roku 1875 Helenou Petrovnou Blavatskou; synt\u00e9za v\u00fdchodn\u00ed mudrosti, spiritismu a z\u00e1padn\u00edho okultismu.\">teosofie<\/span>.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 akademick\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to tradice se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v d\u00edle Peter J. Awn, <em>Satan&#8217;s Tragedy and Redemption. Iblis in Sufi Psychology<\/em> (Brill, Leiden 1983), a v d\u00edle <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"N\u011bmeck\u00e1 islamolo\u017eka (1922\u20132003); hlavn\u00ed d\u00edlo Mystick\u00e9 dimenze isl\u00e1mu (1985).\">Annemarie Schimmelov\u00e9<\/span>, <em>Mystick\u00e9 dimenze isl\u00e1mu<\/em> (Diederichs, Kol\u00edn nad R\u00fdnem 1985).<\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Ibl\u00eds<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aspekty Ibl\u00edse na jeden pohled.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fvod Ibl\u00edse<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>D\u017einn z bezd\u00fdmn\u00e9ho ohn\u011b, mezi and\u011bly zauj\u00edmal vysok\u00e9 postaven\u00ed. Odm\u00edtl se poklonit p\u0159ed Adamem, od t\u00e9 doby sv\u00e1d\u00ed lidstvo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00edlov\u00e1 skupina Ibl\u00edse<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cel\u00e9 lidstvo, zejm\u00e9na v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed. Jeho poku\u0161itelsk\u00e9 po\u0161ept\u00e1n\u00ed (waswasa) c\u00edl\u00ed na pochybnosti, neposlu\u0161nost a p\u00fdchu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zjev Ibl\u00edse<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 kanonick\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nauka o obrazov\u00e9m obsahu a jeho v\u00fdznamu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ikonografie<\/span>. S\u00fafijsk\u00e1 tradice zd\u016fraz\u0148uje jeho ohnivou podstatu. Lidov\u00e1 obrazov\u00e1 \u0159e\u010d jej zobrazuje rohat\u00e9ho a d\u011bsiv\u00e9ho.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fsoben\u00ed Ibl\u00edse<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed po\u0161ept\u00e1n\u00edm, nikoli n\u00e1tlakem. Jeho p\u016fsoben\u00ed je Bohem dovoleno jako zkou\u0161ka, \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1 volbu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obrana proti Ibl\u00edsovi<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Formule ta&#8217;\u00e1w\u00fadh (\u201eUt\u00edk\u00e1m se k All\u00e1hovi p\u0159ed proklet\u00fdm satanem\u201c), basmala, recitace t\u0159\u00ed ochrann\u00fdch s\u00far (Ichl\u00e1s, Falak, N\u00e1s), rukja.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obdoby Ibl\u00edse<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Satan, Lucifer (k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd), <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145138\">Azazel<\/a> (\u017eidovsk\u00fd), Ahriman (zoroastrijsk\u00fd), M\u00e1ra (buddhistick\u00fd).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obrana a zach\u00e1zen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ritu\u00e1ly obrany<\/strong><\/p><p>Ta&#8217;\u00e1w\u00fadh p\u0159ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Jazykov\u00e9 obr\u00e1cen\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka k bo\u017estvu.\" tabindex=\"0\">modlitbou<\/span> a recitac\u00ed Kor\u00e1nu. Basmala p\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm jedn\u00e1n\u00edm. Denn\u00ed recitace t\u0159\u00ed ochrann\u00fdch s\u00far a Tr\u016fnn\u00edho ver\u0161e (Ajat al-Kurs\u00ed). Rukja p\u0159i podez\u0159el\u00e9m ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>Teologick\u00fd postoj<\/strong><\/p><p>Ibl\u00edse se nemus\u00edme b\u00e1t jako kosmick\u00e9ho protiboha, je stvo\u0159en\u00edm, omezen\u00fdm Bohem. Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obranou je v\u011bdom\u00e9 rozpom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed na Boha (<em>dhikr<\/em>). Waswasa p\u016fsob\u00ed pouze v nedbalosti.<\/p><p><strong>Amulety<\/strong><\/p><p>Kor\u00e1nsk\u00e9 ver\u0161e v p\u0159\u00edv\u011bsc\u00edch (hirz, ta&#8217;w\u00eddh), zejm\u00e9na Ajat al-Kurs\u00ed a t\u0159i ochrann\u00e9 s\u00fary. Hamsa a modr\u00fd o\u010dn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159edm\u011bt, kter\u00e9mu se p\u0159isuzuje \u00fa\u010dinek p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed nebo \u00fasp\u011bch.\" tabindex=\"0\">talisman<\/span> (nazar) jako lidov\u011b-n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd dopln\u011bk, teologicky sporn\u00fd.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obdoby a s\u00fafijsk\u00fd v\u00fdklad<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>K\u0159es\u0165ansko-\u017eidovsk\u00e9 paralely:<\/strong> Satan a Azazel jsou nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed paralely. Rozd\u00edl je v tom, \u017ee Ibl\u00eds je d\u017ein, nikoli padl\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1msk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost, posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl<\/span>. Jeho odm\u00edtnut\u00ed je neposlu\u0161nost, nikoli n\u00e1rok na moc.<\/p><p><strong>Zoroastrismus:<\/strong> Ahriman jako prvopo\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed protivn\u00edk je struktur\u00e1ln\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fd: dualistick\u00fd protib\u016fh, nikoli stvo\u0159en\u00ed. P\u0159esto je zde motivick\u00e1 bl\u00edzkost dan\u00e1 ohnivou povahou.<\/p><p><strong>S\u00fafijsk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd sm\u011br zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed zku\u0161enost s Bohem.\" tabindex=\"0\">mystika<\/span>:<\/strong> Al-Hall\u00e1d\u017e (10. stol.) a Ibn Arab\u00ed vykl\u00e1daj\u00ed Ibl\u00edsovo odm\u00edtnut\u00ed paradoxn\u011b: m\u011bl se zdr\u00e1hat padnout p\u0159ed Adamem pr\u00e1v\u011b z dokonal\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u00edra v jedin\u00e9ho Boha.\" tabindex=\"0\">monoteismu<\/span>. Ortodoxn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologie<\/span> tento v\u00fdklad odm\u00edt\u00e1, mystick\u00e1 literatura jej zachov\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p><div><p><strong>Srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pozice v\u016f\u010di Satanovi a Luciferovi<\/strong><\/p><p>Ibl\u00eds stoj\u00ed ve struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed paralele k Satanovi a Luciferovi \u017eidovsko-k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 tradice, nen\u00ed s nimi v\u0161ak toto\u017en\u00fd.<\/p><p>Z hlediska n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch d\u011bjin jsou rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159i rozd\u00edly: Za prv\u00e9 nen\u00ed Ibl\u00eds v Kor\u00e1nu jednozna\u010dn\u011b <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1msk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost, posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011blem<\/span> v p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9m slova smyslu, n\u00fdbr\u017e d\u017einem, kter\u00fd st\u00e1l mezi and\u011bly (s\u00fara 18,50). Za druh\u00e9 nen\u00ed Ibl\u00eds padl\u00fdm prvorozen\u00fdm jako Lucifer, n\u00fdbr\u017e bytost\u00ed s vlastn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost\u00ed k jin\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b (<em>d\u017ein<\/em>).<\/p><p>Za t\u0159et\u00ed je sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed Ibl\u00edsem v Kor\u00e1nu v\u00fdslovn\u011b charakterizov\u00e1no jako <em>waswasa<\/em> (nab\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, poku\u0161en\u00ed), tedy jako nevynucen\u00e9 namlouv\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9mu se \u010dlov\u011bk m\u016f\u017ee vzep\u0159\u00edt.<\/p><p>Tato teologick\u00e1 konstrukce zbavuje lidskou odpov\u011bdnost m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e pavlovsko-augustinovsk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologie<\/span> h\u0159\u00edchu a zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u016fraz na svobodnou volbu (<em>ikhtiyar<\/em>). Podrobn\u00e9 pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed o isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 d\u00e9monologii nab\u00edz\u00ed sekce <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145150\">\/jinn\/<\/a>.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc3fab93 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpc3fab93\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8e25925 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp8e25925\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o odm\u00edtnut\u00e9m pokleknut\u00ed v Kor\u00e1nu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5fb623a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp5fb623a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe68d8e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpe68d8e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00dast\u0159edn\u00edm kor\u00e1nsk\u00fdm referen\u010dn\u00edm bodem pro Ibl\u00edse je vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o stvo\u0159en\u00ed Adama a v\u00fdzv\u011b <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1msk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost, posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl\u016fm<\/span>, aby se p\u0159ed n\u00edm poklonili.<\/p><p>Tato sc\u00e9na je v Kor\u00e1nu vypr\u00e1v\u011bna na n\u011bkolika m\u00edstech, mimo jin\u00e9 v s\u00far\u00e1ch 2, 7, 15, 17, 18, 20 a 38. B\u016fh stvo\u0159\u00ed Adama a p\u0159ik\u00e1\u017ee and\u011bl\u016fm, aby se p\u0159ed n\u00edm poklonili. V\u0161ichni poslechnou, jen Ibl\u00eds se zdr\u00e1h\u00e1.<\/p><p>Zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mu Kor\u00e1n vkl\u00e1d\u00e1 do \u00fasta, je v\u00fdmluvn\u00e9. V s\u00fa\u0159e 7 a s\u00fa\u0159e 38 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee je lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Adam, proto\u017ee byl stvo\u0159en z ohn\u011b, kde\u017eto Adam z hl\u00edny.<\/p><p>Ibl\u00eds tak stav\u00ed sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dek hodnot proti bo\u017e\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edkazu. Isl\u00e1msk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e1 nauka o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e ur\u010dit\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologie<\/span> tento postoj po stalet\u00ed vykl\u00e1d\u00e1 jako prvotn\u00ed h\u0159\u00edch p\u00fdchy, <em>kibr<\/em> nebo <em>istikbar<\/em>. Ibl\u00eds neposlouch\u00e1, proto\u017ee stav\u00ed sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed \u00fasudek nad v\u00fdslovn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkaz Bo\u017e\u00ed.<\/p><p>N\u00e1sledkem je Ibl\u00eds vyhn\u00e1n z Bo\u017e\u00ed bl\u00edzkosti a proklet. \u017d\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u0161ak o odklad a\u017e do dne vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed, a B\u016fh mu jej ud\u011bluje. Ibl\u00eds n\u00e1sledn\u011b oznamuje, \u017ee bude odv\u00e1d\u011bt lidi ze spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 cesty, s v\u00fdjimkou up\u0159\u00edmn\u00fdch Bo\u017e\u00edch slu\u017eebn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p><p>T\u00edm je v Kor\u00e1nu stanovena role, kterou Ibl\u00eds hraje a\u017e do konce \u010das\u016f: role sv\u016fdce, kter\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bka klame, ale nem\u016f\u017ee ho donutit. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je teologick\u00e1 pointa, \u017ee Ibl\u00eds nen\u00ed protib\u016fh. Jedn\u00e1 v mez\u00edch, kter\u00e9 mu B\u016fh dovolil, a jeho odklad je s\u00e1m o sob\u011b bo\u017e\u00edm \u00fastupkem.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6630484 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp6630484\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9386f49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9386f49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">And\u011bl nebo d\u017ein? Star\u00e1 teologick\u00e1 debata<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp00bddc3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp00bddc3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa58846b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa58846b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jedna z nejstar\u0161\u00edch a nejintenzivn\u011bji veden\u00fdch debat isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologie<\/span> se t\u00fdk\u00e1 podstaty Ibl\u00edse. Kor\u00e1n ho na jednom m\u00edst\u011b, v s\u00fa\u0159e 18, ver\u0161i 50, v\u00fdslovn\u011b ozna\u010duje za jednoho z d\u017ein\u016f.<\/p><p>Jin\u00e1 m\u00edsta v\u0161ak vypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed o jeho odm\u00edtnut\u00ed v souvislosti s v\u00fdzvou ur\u010denou <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost jako posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl\u016fm<\/span>, co\u017e vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zku, zda mezi and\u011bly pat\u0159il i on.<\/p><p>Z tohoto zd\u00e1nliv\u00e9ho rozporu vyvinuli u\u010denci r\u016fzn\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Jeden sm\u011br argumentoval, \u017ee Ibl\u00eds byl <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost jako posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011blem<\/span>, nebo\u0165 p\u0159\u00edkaz zazn\u011bl jen k <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost jako posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl\u016fm<\/span> a jen adres\u00e1t p\u0159\u00edkazu jej m\u016f\u017ee poru\u0161it. Ibl\u00eds by tak svou neposlu\u0161nost\u00ed zm\u011bnil svou podstatu.<\/p><p>Jin\u00fd, pozd\u011bji dominuj\u00edc\u00ed sm\u011br jej pova\u017eoval za d\u017eina, kter\u00fd se zdr\u017eoval mezi and\u011bly nebo dos\u00e1hl jejich postaven\u00ed, tak\u017ee p\u0159\u00edkaz zahrnoval i jeho.<\/p><p>Toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed m\u00e1 tu v\u00fdhodu, \u017ee zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdslovn\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed s\u00fary 18 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vysv\u011btluje, \u017ee Ibl\u00eds mohl b\u00fdt na rozd\u00edl od bezh\u0159\u00ed\u0161n\u00fdch <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost jako posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl\u016f<\/span> neposlu\u0161n\u00fd a m\u00edt potomstvo, nebo\u0165 Kor\u00e1n jeho potomstvo zmi\u0148uje.<\/p><p>Za touto debatou stoj\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed teologick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky. Pokud <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost jako posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl\u00e9<\/span> z\u00e1sadn\u011b nemohou b\u00fdt neposlu\u0161n\u00ed, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt Ibl\u00eds bu\u010f v\u00fdjimkou, nebo v\u016fbec ne <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost jako posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011blem<\/span>. T\u00edm se ot\u00e1zka dot\u00fdk\u00e1 i u\u010den\u00ed o bezh\u0159\u00ed\u0161nosti <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00e1 bytost jako posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl\u016f<\/span> a ot\u00e1zky svobodn\u00e9 v\u016fle.<\/p><p>Koment\u00e1\u0159ov\u00e1 literatura, nap\u0159\u00edklad u at-Tabar\u00edho, az-Zamach\u0161ar\u00edho a ar-R\u00e1z\u00edho, tuto diskusi podrobn\u011b dokumentuje a uv\u00e1d\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1 tradovan\u00e1 stanoviska. Zcela jednotn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed se neprosadilo, av\u0161ak v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tradici p\u0159eva\u017euje za\u0159azen\u00ed mezi d\u017einy. K povaze t\u011bchto bytost\u00ed viz tak\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145150\">D\u017einov\u00e9<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa44f227 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpa44f227\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp55be4bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp55be4bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ibl\u00eds a \u0161ait\u00e1n: jm\u00e9na a pojmy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9393169 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp9393169\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpca292ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpca292ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V arab\u0161tin\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dva pojmy, kter\u00e9 se v n\u011bm\u010din\u011b \u010dasto oba p\u0159ekl\u00e1daj\u00ed jako \u010f\u00e1bel nebo satan, ale maj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00fd p\u016fvod a u\u017eit\u00ed. <em>Ibl\u00eds<\/em> je v Kor\u00e1nu vlastn\u00ed jm\u00e9no a ozna\u010duje konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed bytost, kter\u00e1 se nesklonila p\u0159ed Adamem.<\/p><p><em>\u0160ait\u00e1n<\/em> je naproti tomu sp\u00ed\u0161e funk\u010dn\u00ed pojem. M\u016f\u017ee ozna\u010dovat Ibl\u00edse, ale v Kor\u00e1nu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle <em>\u0161aj\u00e1t\u00edn<\/em> a m\u016f\u017ee obecn\u011b znamenat protibo\u017eskou, sv\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed moc, a\u0165 lidskou nebo d\u017einskou.<\/p><p>P\u016fvod jm\u00e9na Ibl\u00eds je z jazykov\u00e9ho hlediska sporn\u00fd. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zast\u00e1vali ji\u017e muslim\u0161t\u00ed u\u010denci, jej odvozuje od arabsk\u00e9ho ko\u0159ene <em>b-l-s<\/em>, spojen\u00e9ho se zoufalstv\u00edm a beznad\u011bj\u00ed.<\/p><p>Ibl\u00eds by tak byl ten, kdo zouf\u00e1 nebo mus\u00ed zoufat nad Bo\u017e\u00ed milost\u00ed. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum naproti tomu pova\u017euje za pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odvozen\u00ed z \u0159eck\u00e9ho <em>diabolos<\/em>, pomlouva\u010d, p\u0159enesen\u00e9ho snad prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm syr\u0161tiny nebo jin\u00fdch k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch p\u0159ed\u00e1vac\u00edch cest v p\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bii.<\/p><p><em>\u0160ait\u00e1n<\/em> je naproti tomu star\u00e9 semitsk\u00e9 slovo, p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 s hebrejsk\u00fdm <em>satan<\/em>, protivn\u00edk. Oba pojmy tak odkazuj\u00ed na dv\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9 tradi\u010dn\u00ed linie, kter\u00e9 se v Kor\u00e1nu spojuj\u00ed.<\/p><p>P\u0159esn\u00e9 vyjasn\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto etymologi\u00ed je pro d\u011bjiny n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, proto\u017ee ukazuje, jak se isl\u00e1msk\u00e1 p\u0159edstava o \u010f\u00e1blu skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze star\u0161\u00edch \u017eidovsk\u00fdch, k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch a arabsk\u00fdch prvk\u016f, ani\u017e by byla s kter\u00fdmkoli z nich zcela toto\u017en\u00e1. Ibl\u00eds je samostatn\u00e1 kor\u00e1nsk\u00e1 postava, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ej\u00edm\u00e1 star\u0161\u00ed motivy a znovu je uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe37b786 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpe37b786\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd8b5b57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpd8b5b57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ibl\u00eds v isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 mystice<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5c3c139 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp5c3c139\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5c89634 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp5c89634\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed a pro nezasv\u011bcen\u00e9 \u010dasto p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd v\u00fdklad z\u00edskal Ibl\u00eds v \u010d\u00e1sti isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd sm\u011br zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed zku\u0161enost Boha.\" tabindex=\"0\">mystiky<\/span>, s\u00fafismu. Zat\u00edmco v\u011bt\u0161ina tradice jednozna\u010dn\u011b odsuzuje Ibl\u00edse jako py\u0161n\u00e9ho neposlu\u0161n\u00e9ho, jednotliv\u00ed mysti\u010dt\u00ed myslitel\u00e9 rozvinuli diferencovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, v n\u011bkter\u00fdch verz\u00edch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 paradoxn\u00ed pohled.<\/p><p>Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159edstavitelem je al-Hall\u00e1d\u017e, popraven\u00fd po\u010d\u00e1tkem 10. stolet\u00ed. Ve sv\u00e9m d\u00edle <em>Kit\u00e1b at-Taw\u00e1s\u00edn<\/em> jej zobrazuje jako toho, kdo se pr\u00e1v\u011b z l\u00e1sky a \u010dist\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u00edra v jedin\u00e9ho Boha.\" tabindex=\"0\">monoteismu<\/span> odm\u00edtl poklonit komukoli jin\u00e9mu ne\u017e Bohu.<\/p><p>Podle tohoto v\u00fdkladu st\u00e1l Ibl\u00eds p\u0159ed neroz\u0159e\u0161iteln\u00fdm konfliktem: B\u016fh mu p\u0159ik\u00e1zal poklonit se Adamovi, ale Ibl\u00eds se cht\u011bl poklonit jen Bohu samotn\u00e9mu. Jeho neposlu\u0161nost by tak byla v\u00fdrazem extr\u00e9mn\u00ed, by\u0165 pom\u00fdlen\u00e9 v\u011brnosti jedinosti Bo\u017e\u00ed.<\/p><p>Tak\u00e9 pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed persk\u00fd b\u00e1sn\u00edk a mystik Ahmad al-Ghaz\u00e1l\u00ed, bratr slavn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho teologa, zast\u00e1val podobn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky a vid\u011bl v Ibl\u00edsovi u\u010ditele absolutn\u00ed oddanosti.<\/p><p>Tento v\u00fdklad z\u016fstal men\u0161inov\u00fdm postojem a ortodoxn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V\u011bdeck\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed o Bohu a v\u00ed\u0159e n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologie<\/span> jej d\u016frazn\u011b odm\u00edtala. Z hlediska d\u011bjin n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed je v\u0161ak v\u00fdznamn\u00fd, proto\u017ee ukazuje, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o Ibl\u00edsovi nem\u011bl v isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 tradici jedin\u00fd pevn\u011b stanoven\u00fd smysl.<\/p><p>V\u011bt\u0161inov\u00e9 stanovisko v\u017edy z\u016fst\u00e1valo, \u017ee Ibl\u00eds postavil sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed \u00fasudek nad v\u00fdslovn\u00fd Bo\u017e\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz a t\u00edm zt\u011blesnil podstatu p\u00fdchy.<\/p><p>Mystick\u00fd protiv\u00fdklad ale u\u010dinil z Ibl\u00edse postavu, na kter\u00e9 se \u0159e\u0161ily z\u00e1sadn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky poslu\u0161nosti, l\u00e1sky a vztahu mezi Bo\u017e\u00ed v\u016fl\u00ed a Bo\u017e\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkazem. Pozd\u011bji jej podrobn\u011b zkoumali z\u00e1padn\u00ed orientalist\u00e9, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Louis Massignon ve sv\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu al-Hall\u00e1d\u017ee.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf9199fe e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpf9199fe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp37696b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp37696b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fsoben\u00ed Ibl\u00edse a ot\u00e1zka svobodn\u00e9 v\u016fle<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp34c6267 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp34c6267\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9559d8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp9559d8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Teologicky kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka se t\u00fdk\u00e1 toho, co Ibl\u00eds skute\u010dn\u011b dok\u00e1\u017ee. Kor\u00e1n je v tomto ohledu jasn\u00fd: Ibl\u00eds po\u0161ept\u00e1v\u00e1, vykresluje zlo jako kr\u00e1sn\u00e9, vzbuzuje fale\u0161n\u00e9 nad\u011bje a sv\u00e1d\u00ed na scest\u00ed, ale nem\u00e1 nad lidmi \u017e\u00e1dnou donucovac\u00ed moc.<\/p><p>V s\u00fa\u0159e 14, ver\u0161 22, jej Kor\u00e1n v Den soudu nech\u00e1v\u00e1 pron\u00e9st, \u017ee lidi pouze zavolal a oni ho n\u00e1sledovali, a proto by nem\u011bli vinit jej, ale sami sebe. Odpov\u011bdnost za h\u0159\u00edch tak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 na \u010dlov\u011bku.<\/p><p>Z tohoto v\u00fdroku teologov\u00e9 vyvodili, \u017ee p\u016fsoben\u00ed Ibl\u00edse neru\u0161\u00ed lidskou svobodnou v\u016fli. Ibl\u00eds vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed poku\u0161en\u00ed, ale nic nevynucuje. Tato nauka byla d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed Bo\u017e\u00ed spravedlnosti: kdyby byl \u010dlov\u011bk Ibl\u00edsovi bezmocn\u011b vyd\u00e1n, nemohl by b\u00fdt za sv\u00e9 \u010diny odpov\u011bdn\u00fd.<\/p><p>R\u016fzn\u00e9 teologick\u00e9 \u0161koly, nap\u0159\u00edklad mu&#8217;tazilit\u00e9 a a\u0161ar\u00edt\u00e9, hodnotily vztah mezi Bo\u017e\u00ed v\u0161emohoucnost\u00ed a lidskou odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed odli\u0161n\u011b, av\u0161ak na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed omezenosti Ibl\u00edse se shodovaly.<\/p><p>S t\u00edm se v praxi poj\u00ed nauka o <em>waswasa<\/em>, tedy o po\u0161ept\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Zbo\u017en\u00e1 tradice zn\u00e1 mnoho pokyn\u016f, jak se v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed proti t\u011bmto n\u00e1\u0161ept\u016fm chr\u00e1n\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad pron\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm ochrann\u00e9 formule, kterou pros\u00ed Boha o pomoc proti proklat\u00e9mu Ibl\u00edsovi, d\u00e1le <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Slovn\u00ed obr\u00e1cen\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka k bo\u017estvu.\" tabindex=\"0\">modlitbou<\/span> a vzpom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm na Boha.<\/p><p>V t\u00e9to souvislosti se zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b recituj\u00ed posledn\u00ed dv\u011b s\u00fary Kor\u00e1nu, tzv. ochrann\u00e9 s\u00fary. Ibl\u00eds v tomto pojet\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 re\u00e1ln\u00fdm, ale omezen\u00fdm protivn\u00edkem, jeho\u017e moc sah\u00e1 jen tak daleko, jak mu \u010dlov\u011bk s\u00e1m dovol\u00ed. S koncem \u010dasu, jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed Kor\u00e1n, vypr\u0161\u00ed i lh\u016fta, kter\u00e1 mu byla ud\u011blena.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Doporu\u010den\u00e9 intern\u00ed odkazy:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145140\">Isl\u00e1m<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145150\">D\u017ein<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145151\">\u0160aj\u00e1tin<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145152\">Ifr\u00edt<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145153\">Gh\u00fal<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145138\">Azazel<\/a> (p\u0159edchoz\u00ed d\u011bjiny)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145144\">Satan<\/a> (k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1 paralela)<\/li><li>S\u00faf\u00edjsk\u00e9 v\u00fdklady Ibl\u00edse<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (v\u00fdb\u011br)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>V\u00fdb\u011br kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch prac\u00ed o Ibl\u00edsovi:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Awn, Peter J.: <em>Satan&#8217;s Tragedy and Redemption. Ibl\u012bs in Sufi Psychology<\/em>. Leiden 1983.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Bodman, Whitney: <em>The Poetics of Iblis<\/em>. Cambridge 2011.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Awad, Najib George: <em>Orthodoxy in Arabic Terms<\/em>. Berlin 2018.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Khalidi, Tarif: <em>Images of Muhammad<\/em>. New York 2009 (v kontextu qisas).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Smith, Jane I. \/ Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck: <em>The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection<\/em>. Oxford 2002.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dal\u0161\u00ed standardn\u00ed d\u00edla v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145257\">seznamu literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec1ed6e e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ec1ed6e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6065a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b6065a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o Ibl\u00edsovi<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Kdo je Ibl\u00eds v isl\u00e1mu?<\/h3><p>Ibl\u00eds je v isl\u00e1mu postava, kter\u00e1 odpov\u00edd\u00e1 k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 p\u0159edstav\u011b Satana. Podle Kor\u00e1nu (s\u00fara 7, 11 a n\u00e1sl.) odm\u00edtl Ibl\u00eds poklonit se p\u0159ed nov\u011b stvo\u0159en\u00fdm Adamem, a to z p\u00fdchy, proto\u017ee on s\u00e1m byl stvo\u0159en z ohn\u011b bez d\u00fdmu, zat\u00edmco Adam pouze z hl\u00edny.<\/p><p>Pot\u00e9 byl proklet. Ibl\u00eds nen\u00ed v isl\u00e1msk\u00e9m pojet\u00ed padl\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1movsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edch nebesk\u00fd posel Bo\u017e\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">and\u011bl<\/span>, n\u00fdbr\u017e d\u017ein, bytost stvo\u0159en\u00e1 z ohn\u011b bez d\u00fdmu.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi Ibl\u00edsem a \u0161ajt\u00e1nem?<\/h3><p>Ibl\u00eds je vlastn\u00ed jm\u00e9no konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed postavy, kter\u00e1 se vzep\u0159ela All\u00e1hovi. \u0160ajt\u00e1n (arabsky pro satana) je souhrnn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed pro v\u0161echny zl\u00e9 duchy, kte\u0159\u00ed pokou\u0161ej\u00ed lidi, a Ibl\u00eds je jejich nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm p\u0159edstavitelem.<\/p><p>V n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u00fdkladech je Ibl\u00eds v\u016fdcem z\u00e1stupu \u0161ajt\u00e1n\u016f, v jin\u00fdch jsou Ibl\u00eds a \u0161ajt\u00e1n prakticky toto\u017en\u00ed. Kor\u00e1n u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 oba pojmy v r\u016fzn\u00fdch souvislostech.<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Kdo je Ibl\u00eds v isl\u00e1mu?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Ibl\u00eds je v isl\u00e1mu postava, kter\u00e1 odpov\u00edd\u00e1 k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 p\u0159edstav\u011b Satana. Podle Kor\u00e1nu (s\u00fara 7, 11 a n\u00e1sl.) odm\u00edtl Ibl\u00eds poklonit se p\u0159ed nov\u011b stvo\u0159en\u00fdm Adamem, a to z p\u00fdchy, proto\u017ee on s\u00e1m byl stvo\u0159en z ohn\u011b bez d\u00fdmu, zat\u00edmco Adam pouze z hl\u00edny.Pot\u00e9 byl proklet. 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