{"id":145117,"date":"2026-09-03T16:27:14","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:27:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=145117"},"modified":"2026-09-03T16:47:16","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T16:47:16","slug":"ammit","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/ammit\/","title":{"rendered":"Ammit"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"145117\" class=\"elementor elementor-145117 elementor-774\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ammit, d\u00e9monka egyptsk\u00e9 tradice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Po\u017e\u00edra\u010dka, str\u00e1\u017ekyn\u011b posmrtn\u00e9ho soudu.<\/strong><\/p><p>Ammit je d\u00e9monka egyptsk\u00e9 tradice a pohlcovatelka srdc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 neobst\u00e1la u posmrtn\u00e9ho soudu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"D\u00e9mon \/ d\u00e9monka: Nadp\u0159irozen\u00e1 bytost s v\u011bt\u0161inou \u0161kodliv\u00fdm nebo ambivalentn\u00edm p\u016fsoben\u00edm. Stoj\u00ed mezi bohy a lidmi, zp\u016fsobuje nemoc, poku\u0161en\u00ed nebo ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a je odh\u00e1n\u011bna za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm, apotropaiky a ritu\u00e1ly.\">D\u00e9monka<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145115\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mytologie starov\u011bk\u00e9ho Nilu, cca 3000 p\u0159. n. l. a\u017e 30 p\u0159. n. l.\">Egypt<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na t\\u00e9to str\\u00e1nce nebyly nalezeny \\u017e\\u00e1dn\\u00e9 nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_aegypten_ammit-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1655\" alt=\"Ammit\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_aegypten_ammit-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_aegypten_ammit-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_aegypten_ammit-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_aegypten_ammit.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ammit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ammit, \u201ePo\u017e\u00edra\u010dka\u201c, je jednou z nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch postav egyptsk\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy o posmrtn\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b. Sed\u00ed v S\u00edni dvou pravd u vah, na kter\u00fdch se srdce zem\u0159el\u00e9ho v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed proti peru bohyn\u011b Maat.<\/p><p>Pokud je srdce t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se dopustilo bezpr\u00e1v\u00ed, Ammit je pohlt\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem nen\u00ed v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 utrpen\u00ed, ale z\u00e1nik: mrtv\u00fd p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 existovat.<\/p><p>Jej\u00ed podoba jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost, kter\u00e1 v sob\u011b spojuje rysy r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 bytost<\/span> ze t\u0159\u00ed nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at Egypta, krokod\u00fdla, lva a hrocha, je koncep\u010dn\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 z t\u011bchto zv\u00ed\u0159at je samo o sob\u011b ji\u017e hroziv\u00e9; spole\u010dn\u011b zt\u011bles\u0148uj\u00ed absolutn\u00ed konec \u017eivota po smrti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Na prvn\u00ed pohled: Ammit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> d\u00e9monka posmrtn\u00e9ho soudu, Po\u017e\u00edra\u010dka<br>P\u016fvod: podsv\u011bt\u00ed, v bl\u00edzkosti Osirida a Anubise<br>Texty: Kniha mrtv\u00fdch (zejm\u00e9na kapitola 125), ikonografick\u00e9 sc\u00e9ny v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed srdce<br>Obdob\u00ed: od Nov\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e po <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159echodn\u00e1 epocha mezi antikou a st\u0159edov\u011bkem, zhruba 3. a\u017e 7. stolet\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">pozdn\u00ed antiku<\/span><br>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed: cel\u00fd egyptsk\u00fd kulturn\u00ed prostor<br>Ochrana: 42 negativn\u00edch vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed (Maatino vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed), srde\u010dn\u00ed amulety<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Historick\u00e9 za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ammit se v pln\u011b vyvinut\u00e9 podob\u011b objevuje v pramenech Nov\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, zejm\u00e9na v bohat\u011b ilustrovan\u00fdch Knih\u00e1ch mrtv\u00fdch. V pozdn\u00ed dob\u011b a ptolemaiovsk\u00e9 epo\u0161e se jej\u00ed obraz st\u00e1v\u00e1 standardn\u00edm prvkem posmrtn\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nauka o obsahu obraz\u016f a jejich v\u00fdznamu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ikonografie<\/span>. D\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edformy lze rekonstruovat z Text\u016f rakv\u00ed, ani\u017e by tam ji\u017e vystupovala pln\u011b jmenovan\u00e1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sc\u00e9na v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed srdce s Ammit pat\u0159\u00ed k pevn\u00e9mu v\u00fdbavov\u00e9mu programu soukrom\u00fdch poh\u0159b\u016f v cel\u00e9m \u00fadol\u00ed Nilu. Nach\u00e1z\u00ed se na papyrech, sarkof\u00e1gech, hrobov\u00fdch st\u011bn\u00e1ch a mumiov\u00fdch obalech. V \u0159ecko-\u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 dob\u011b se tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed i do zahrani\u010dn\u00edch komunit, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u0161ak ve sv\u00e9m j\u00e1dru egyptsk\u00fd.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00dast\u0159edn\u00edm pramenem je Kniha mrtv\u00fdch, zejm\u00e9na kapitola 125 se sc\u00e9nou posmrtn\u00e9ho soudu. Nejobs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed ikonografick\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed a vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed mezi generacemi.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradice<\/span> poch\u00e1z\u00ed z 18. a\u017e 21. dynastie. K tomu p\u0159istupuj\u00ed chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 reli\u00e9fy a pozdn\u00ed papyry, kter\u00e9 tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> obm\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jm\u00e9no<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Egyptsky:<\/strong> <em>\ua724mm.t<\/em> (\u201ePo\u017e\u00edra\u010dka\u201c), jm\u00e9no je programov\u00e9; nepopisuje jej\u00ed podobu, ale jej\u00ed funkci.<br>Dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1pisy: Ammut, Amemet.<br>\u0158ecky: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdraz; obvykle p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1no jako <em>Ammit<\/em>.<\/p><p>Ammit nen\u00ed bohyn\u00ed v \u00fazk\u00e9m slova smyslu; nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch uct\u00edvac\u00edch \u00fakon\u016f v\u016f\u010di bo\u017estvu nebo svat\u00e9 postav\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span>, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m<\/span> ani \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ctitele. Objevuje se v\u00fdhradn\u011b v kontextu posmrtn\u00e9ho soudu. Jej\u00ed role je striktn\u011b funk\u010dn\u00ed: je n\u00e1strojem Maat, nikoli sama jednaj\u00edc\u00ed postavou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Povahov\u00e9 rysy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Vzhled<\/strong><\/p><p>Ammit je hybridn\u00ed bytost slo\u017een\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at Egypta: hlavy krokod\u00fdla, p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla lva (h\u0159\u00edva, tlapy) a zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti hrocha. Toto slo\u017een\u00ed nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9, ka\u017ed\u00e9 z t\u011bchto zv\u00ed\u0159at zab\u00edj\u00ed lidi u Nilu. Spole\u010dn\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed obraz \u00fapln\u00e9ho z\u00e1niku.<\/p><p><strong>Chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Sed\u00ed nebo se kr\u010d\u00ed u vah, zat\u00edmco Thovt zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 rozsudek a Anubis vede v\u00e1hu. \u010cek\u00e1 pasivn\u011b, ale vrhne se, jakmile je srdce t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pero. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 prosby, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 odvol\u00e1n\u00ed, rozsudek se vykon\u00e1.<\/p><p><strong>Oblast p\u016fsobnosti<\/strong><\/p><p>V\u00fdhradn\u011b posmrtn\u00fd soud v S\u00edni dvou pravd. Nem\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstup k \u017eiv\u00fdm. Jej\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed je v\u00e1z\u00e1no na ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed okam\u017eik v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed srdce.<\/p><p><strong>Mytologick\u00fd p\u016fvod<\/strong><\/p><p>Ammit vznik\u00e1 s n\u00e1stupem osirsk\u00e9 v\u00edry v posmrtn\u00fd \u017eivot a systematizovan\u00e9ho v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed srdce. Jej\u00ed funkce, z\u00e1nik nehodn\u00fdch mrtv\u00fdch, nen\u00ed dodate\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdmyslem, ale logick\u00fdm d\u016fsledkem posmrtn\u00e9 teologie, v n\u00ed\u017e je dal\u0161\u00ed existence v\u00e1z\u00e1na na mor\u00e1ln\u00ed zkou\u0161ku.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Ammit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aspekty Ammit v kostce. Podrobnosti k jm\u00e9nu, popisu, ochran\u011b a paralel\u00e1m najdete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch odd\u00edlech.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u016fvod<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Z posmrtn\u00e9 teologie Nov\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e; bez vlastn\u00edho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch uct\u00edvac\u00edch \u00fakon\u016f v\u016f\u010di bo\u017estvu nebo svat\u00e9 postav\u011b.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultu<\/span>. Stoj\u00ed po boku Osirida a Anubise jako v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 moc rozsudku.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Adres\u00e1ti<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u00fdhradn\u011b mrtv\u00ed u posmrtn\u00e9ho soudu. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k \u017eiv\u00fdm, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed mimo S\u00ed\u0148 dvou pravd.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vzhled<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost, kter\u00e1 v sob\u011b spojuje rysy r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">Sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 bytost<\/span>: hlava krokod\u00fdla, p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bla lva s h\u0159\u00edvou a tlapami, zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st hrocha. T\u0159i \u0161elmy, kter\u00e9 zab\u00edjej\u00ed lidi u Nilu, spojen\u00e9 v jedno.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkce<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pohlcuje srdce nehodn\u00fdch mrtv\u00fdch. Nejde o utrpen\u00ed, ale o z\u00e1nik, mrtv\u00fd pot\u00e9 d\u00e1le neexistuje.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrann\u00e9 prost\u0159edky<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nejde o obranu p\u0159ed Ammit, ale o spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u017eivot p\u0159ed smrt\u00ed. Ritu\u00e1ln\u00edm j\u00e1drem je 42 negativn\u00edch vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed v Knize mrtv\u00fdch 125. K tomu srde\u010dn\u00ed amulety, kter\u00e9 stabilizuj\u00ed org\u00e1n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 bytosti<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Podsv\u011btn\u00ed bytosti jako po\u017e\u00edra\u010dky du\u0161\u00ed (k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1 a isl\u00e1msk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nauka o obsahu obraz\u016f a jejich v\u00fdznamu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ikonografie<\/span>), hinduisti\u010dt\u00ed Jamad\u00fatov\u00e9, azt\u00e9ck\u00e9 Tzitzimime; pojem \u201etlamy pekeln\u00e9\u201c v evropsk\u00e9m st\u0159edov\u011bku.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrana v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ritu\u00e1ly k odvr\u00e1cen\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Ammit samotn\u00e1 se neodvrac\u00ed, jedn\u00e1 podle toho, co ur\u010duje Maat. \u201eOdvr\u00e1cen\u00ed\u201c spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b na posmrtn\u00fd soud: poh\u0159ebn\u00ed ob\u0159ady, mumifikace, p\u0159ilo\u017een\u00ed Knihy mrtv\u00fdch, symbolick\u00e9 o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bla.<\/p><p><strong>Za\u0159\u00edk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je takzvan\u00e9 vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed Maat v kapitole 125 Knihy mrtv\u00fdch: 42 negativn\u00edch prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, v nich\u017e mrtv\u00fd potvrzuje, jakou vinu na sob\u011b <em>nenese<\/em>. Ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00fdrok je adresov\u00e1n jednomu ze 42 soudc\u016f. A\u017e po zdol\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to zkou\u0161ky p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na \u0159adu v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed srdce s Ammit.<\/p><p><strong>Amulety a ochrann\u00e9 symboly<\/strong><\/p><p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"No\u0161en\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt, kter\u00e9mu je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1n ochrann\u00fd, ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed odvracej\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek.\" tabindex=\"0\">amuletem<\/span> je srde\u010dn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"No\u0161en\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt, kter\u00e9mu je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1n ochrann\u00fd, ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed odvracej\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek.\" tabindex=\"0\">amulet<\/span> (<em>ib<\/em>) a srde\u010dn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Chrob\u00e1k vrubounovit\u00fd jako staroegyptsk\u00fd symbol vznik\u00e1n\u00ed a obnovy.\" tabindex=\"0\">skarabeus<\/span> s v\u00fdrokem 30B z Knihy mrtv\u00fdch, kter\u00fd srdci p\u0159ikazuje nesv\u011bd\u010dit k\u0159iv\u011b proti sv\u00e9mu majiteli. Oboj\u00ed bylo p\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1no k t\u011blu a je dosv\u011bd\u010deno v mnoha hrobov\u00fdch v\u00fdbav\u00e1ch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ammit, paralely v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed d\u011bjiny motivu:<\/strong> V\u00e1\u017een\u00ed srdce a jeho vykonavatel se motivicky p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed do gnosticko-k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch p\u0159edstav. K\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> \u201ev\u00e1\u017een\u00ed du\u0161\u00ed\u201c (archand\u011bl Michael s vahami, \u010f\u00e1bel jako protivn\u00edk) strukturn\u011b sleduje egyptsk\u00e9 sch\u00e9ma, i kdy\u017e samotn\u00e1 Ammit nen\u00ed p\u0159evzata.<\/p><p><strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">Motiv<\/span> tlamy pekeln\u00e9:<\/strong> V evropsk\u00e9m st\u0159edov\u011bku se rozv\u00edj\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se obsahov\u00fd prvek v um\u011bn\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> \u201etlamy pekeln\u00e9\u201c, kter\u00e1 polyk\u00e1 zatracen\u00e9. Obrazov\u011b siln\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 Ammit; p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 historick\u00e1 souvislost nen\u00ed dolo\u017eena, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vzorec je v\u0161ak stejn\u00fd: zni\u010den\u00ed nehodn\u00fdch pohlcen\u00edm.<\/p><p><strong>Mimo Evropu:<\/strong> Jamad\u00fatov\u00e9 v hinduisticko-buddhistick\u00e9 p\u0159edstav\u011b posmrtn\u00e9ho \u017eivota a azt\u00e9ck\u00e9 Tzitzimime v azt\u00e9ck\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn tradovan\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o boz\u00edch v dan\u00e9 kultu\u0159e.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytologii<\/span> jsou funk\u010dn\u011b p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed jako vykonavatel\u00e9 rozsudku, ani\u017e by m\u011bli specifickou <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nauka o obsahu obraz\u016f a jejich v\u00fdznamu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ikonografii<\/span> sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9ho zv\u00ed\u0159ete, jakou m\u00e1 Ammit.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8287353 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp8287353\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9809037 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9809037\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sc\u00e9na posmrtn\u00e9ho soudu v egyptsk\u00e9 Knize mrtv\u00fdch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp28c0762 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp28c0762\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5378481 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp5378481\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ammit (tak\u00e9 <em>Ammut<\/em>, egyptsky p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b <em>am-mut<\/em>, \u201eta, kter\u00e1 pohlcuje mrtv\u00e9\u201c) je neodd\u011bliteln\u011b spjata s jedinou, p\u0159esn\u011b vymezenou sc\u00e9nou: posmrtn\u00fdm soudem, jak je zachycen p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v takzvan\u00e9 Knize mrtv\u00fdch z obdob\u00ed Nov\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. \u00dast\u0159edn\u00edm textem je v\u00fdrok 125 t\u00e9to Knihy mrtv\u00fdch, kter\u00fd popisuje soud v S\u00edni dvou pravd.<\/p><p>V t\u00e9to sc\u00e9n\u011b se srdce zesnul\u00e9ho klade na v\u00e1hy. Na druh\u00e9 misce le\u017e\u00ed pero <em>Maat<\/em>, bohyn\u011b pravdy a spravedliv\u00e9ho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta. V\u00e1\u017een\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u00ed b\u016fh Anubis, ibisohlav\u00fd Thovt zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdsledek a Osiris tr\u016fn\u00ed nad cel\u00fdm d\u011bjem jako soudce.<\/p><p>Ammit sed\u00ed nebo p\u0159ikr\u010den\u011b \u010dek\u00e1 u vah. Pokud srdce neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 peru, tedy zesnul\u00fd nen\u00ed hoden slov \u010distoty, je jeho srdce hozeno Ammit ke se\u017er\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p><p>D\u016fsledek tohoto se\u017er\u00e1n\u00ed znamenal pro egyptsk\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstaviteln\u00fd trest: \u00faplnou, kone\u010dnou smrt, ukon\u010den\u00ed jak\u00e9koli existence, takzvanou druhou smrt. Proto\u017ee trvaj\u00edc\u00ed \u017eivot v posmrtn\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b byl hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem egyptsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, znamenala ztr\u00e1ta srdce Ammit zni\u010den\u00ed osoby.<\/p><p>Ammit tedy nen\u00ed trestaj\u00edc\u00ed bo\u017estvo, kter\u00e9 tr\u00fdzn\u00ed, ale n\u00e1stroj z\u00e1niku. Zt\u011bles\u0148uje hrozbu, d\u00edky n\u00ed\u017e m\u011bl smysl cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m poh\u0159ebn\u00edch ritu\u00e1l\u016f, p\u0159\u00edpravy na poh\u0159eb a mravn\u00edho veden\u00ed \u017eivota.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7260d3a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp7260d3a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdb4f83a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpdb4f83a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sestaven\u00e1 bytost: krokod\u00fdl, lev a hroch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9050fca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp9050fca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8a6e1b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp8a6e1b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ammit je ve vin\u011bt\u00e1ch Knihy mrtv\u00fdch zobrazov\u00e1na jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost spojuj\u00edc\u00ed rysy r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 bytost<\/span> slo\u017een\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at, a toto slo\u017een\u00ed nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9. Hlavu m\u00e1 krokod\u00fdl\u00ed, p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bla lv\u00ed nebo leopard\u00ed, zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st hro\u0161\u00ed. V\u0161echna t\u0159i zv\u00ed\u0159ata byla ve star\u00e9m Egypt\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1, za zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota.<\/p><p>Tato volba je z hlediska d\u011bjin n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed v\u00fdmluvn\u00e1. Nilsk\u00fd krokod\u00fdl, lev pou\u0161tn\u00edch okraj\u016f a hroch \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v \u0159ece byli t\u0159i velc\u00ed pred\u00e1to\u0159i, kter\u00fdch se Egyp\u0165an b\u00e1l. Ammit spojuje tento strach do jedin\u00e9 podoby.<\/p><p>Je tak p\u0159\u00edkladem z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b sestaven\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost spojuj\u00edc\u00ed rysy r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 bytosti<\/span>, jej\u00ed\u017e v\u00fdznam vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 ze souhrnu jej\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Na rozd\u00edl od n\u011bkter\u00fdch egyptsk\u00fdch boh\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed pevnou zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed hlavu, je Ammit skrz naskrz kompozitn\u00ed a nenavazuje na \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jednotliv\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed bo\u017estvo.<\/p><p>Velikost Ammit na zobrazen\u00edch je v\u011bt\u0161inou nevelk\u00e1. Nejde o obrovsk\u00e9 monstrum, ale \u010dasto se objevuje jako pom\u011brn\u011b mal\u00e1, p\u0159ikr\u010den\u00e1 postava na okraji soudn\u00ed sc\u00e9ny. Tato obrazov\u00e1 skromnost stoj\u00ed v protikladu k jej\u00edmu existenci\u00e1ln\u00edmu v\u00fdznamu a upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee jej\u00ed moc nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v t\u011blesn\u00e9 velikosti, ale v jej\u00ed funkci.<\/p><p>V n\u011bkter\u00fdch pramenech je spojov\u00e1na se sf\u00e9rou ohn\u011b nebo s ohniv\u00fdm jezerem, v n\u011bm\u017e zatracen\u00ed hynou. Jej\u00ed vzhled je nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d mnoha zachovan\u00fdmi papyry Knihy mrtv\u00fdch a hrobov\u00fdmi malbami z Nov\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e zaznamen\u00e1n n\u00e1padn\u011b jednotn\u011b.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp044ac99 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp044ac99\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0a2ec0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp0a2ec0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ammit mezi bohyn\u00ed a d\u00e9monem: probl\u00e9m za\u0159azen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2da7e95 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2da7e95\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa041ee6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa041ee6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Religionistick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum m\u00e1 se za\u0159azen\u00edm Ammity pot\u00ed\u017ee, a to z dobr\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f. Nezapad\u00e1 zcela do \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch kategori\u00ed.<\/p><p>Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b nem\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factypln\u00fdch \u00fakon\u016f v\u016f\u010di bo\u017estvu nebo svat\u00e9 bytosti.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span>: nejsou zn\u00e1my \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jednoho nebo v\u00edce bo\u017estev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1my<\/span>, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 kn\u011b\u017estvo, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 sv\u00e1tky, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 modlitby k Ammit. Nikdo ji nectil, nikdo ji neprosil o milost. To hovo\u0159\u00ed proti tomu, naz\u00fdvat ji bohyn\u00ed v pln\u00e9m smyslu slova.<\/p><p>Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b nen\u00ed chaotick\u00fdm protivn\u00edkem bo\u017esk\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du, jako byl nap\u0159\u00edklad had <em>Apophis<\/em>, proti kter\u00e9mu bohov\u00e9 bojovali noc co noc. Ammit stoj\u00ed naopak na stran\u011b \u0159\u00e1du.<\/p><p>Je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed soudu <em>Maat<\/em>, vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 jeho rozsudek. Bez n\u00ed by hrozba posmrtn\u00e9ho soudu byla pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1. Funguje v r\u00e1mci syst\u00e9mu, nikoli proti n\u011bmu.<\/p><p>V\u00fdzkum proto Ammit obvykle popisuje jako druh funk\u010dn\u00ed bytosti nebo jako demonickou postavu ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch \u0159\u00e1du. Pat\u0159\u00ed k t\u011bm bytostem egyptsk\u00e9ho my\u0161lenkov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b vymezenou \u00falohu a v n\u00ed se zcela napl\u0148uj\u00ed.<\/p><p>N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed egyptologov\u00e9 upozor\u0148uj\u00ed na to, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 modern\u00ed rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi bohem a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00ed bytost, j\u00ed\u017e je p\u0159ipisov\u00e1n \u0161kodliv\u00fd nebo rozporn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9monem<\/span> bylo egyptsk\u00e9mu my\u0161len\u00ed ostatn\u011b ciz\u00ed a \u017ee Ammit je d\u016fkazem t\u00e9to neostrosti.<\/p><p>Jej\u00ed existence nav\u00edc vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na egyptsk\u00e9 ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed trestu: ne\u0161lo o v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 tr\u00fdzn\u011bn\u00ed, ale o z\u00e1nik. Tato p\u0159edstava se z\u00e1sadn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch koncepc\u00ed pekla a \u010din\u00ed z Ammity d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed bod pro d\u011bjiny n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch p\u0159edstav o posmrtn\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Doporu\u010den\u00e9 intern\u00ed odkazy pro tuto str\u00e1nku:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145115\">Egypt<\/a> (nad\u0159azen\u00e1 str\u00e1nka kultury)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145116\">Apophis<\/a> (kosmick\u00fd protip\u00f3l)<\/li><li>Kniha mrtv\u00fdch a posmrtn\u00fd soud<\/li><li>42 soudc\u016f Maat<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145245\">Usirev<\/a> a posmrtn\u00fd \u017eivot<\/li><li>Peklo (evropsk\u00e1 recepce)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prameny a literatura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Stru\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch prac\u00ed o Ammit a egyptsk\u00e9m posmrtn\u00e9m soudu:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Hornung, Erik: <em>Alt\u00e4gyptische Jenseitsb\u00fccher<\/em>. Z\u00fcrich\/M\u00fcnchen 1997.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Assmann, Jan: <em>Tod und Jenseits im Alten \u00c4gypten<\/em>. M\u00fcnchen 2001.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Seeber, Christine: <em>Untersuchungen zur Darstellung des Totengerichts im Alten \u00c4gypten<\/em>. M\u00fcnchen 1976.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dal\u0161\u00ed standardn\u00ed d\u00edla naleznete v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/cs\/?page_id=145257\">seznamu literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-ammit-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-ammit-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-ammit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-ammit-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-ammit-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">Zde popsan\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 praxe je v\u011bdeck\u00fdm za\u0159azen\u00edm historick\u00fdch tradic. iWell Guard navazuje na tuto kulturn\u011b-historickou linii nositeln\u00fdch ochrann\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f a p\u0159edstavuje jejich sou\u010dasnou formu. <a href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">V\u00edce o iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e873351 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e873351\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-907903e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"907903e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o Ammit<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Kdo byla Ammit v egyptsk\u00e9 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Souhrn tradovan\u00fdch vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o boz\u00edch v dan\u00e9 kultu\u0159e.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytologii<\/span>?<\/h3><p>Ammit (t\u00e9\u017e Ammut, &#8218;ta, kter\u00e1 polyk\u00e1&#8216;) byla egyptsk\u00e1 bohyn\u011b \u0161kody, je\u017e hr\u00e1la kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159i posmrtn\u00e9m soudu. Byla to <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytost, kter\u00e1 v sob\u011b spojuje znaky r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f.\" tabindex=\"0\">sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 bytost<\/span> s hlavou krokod\u00fdla, t\u011blem lva a zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed hrocha, tedy t\u0159\u00ed nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at \u00fadol\u00ed Nilu.<\/p><p>Po smrti bylo srdce zesnul\u00e9ho v\u00e1\u017een\u00edm porovn\u00e1v\u00e1no s p\u00edrkem Maat (pravdy, kosmick\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du). Bylo-li srdce t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pero (tedy zat\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 viny), pohltila je Ammit, co\u017e znamenalo kone\u010dnou smrt du\u0161e.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Co znamen\u00e1 posmrtn\u00fd soud v Knize mrtv\u00fdch?<\/h3><p>Posmrtn\u00fd soud (psychostasie) je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 sc\u00e9na v egyptsk\u00e9 Knize mrtv\u00fdch (kapitola 125). Zesnul\u00fd p\u0159edstupuje p\u0159ed soud 42 soudc\u016f s Usirevem jako p\u0159edsedou. Mus\u00ed pron\u00e9st &#8218;negativn\u00ed vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed h\u0159\u00edch\u016f&#8216;, vyjmenovat 42 h\u0159\u00edch\u016f, kter\u00e9 nesp\u00e1chal.<\/p><p>Pot\u00e9 je srdce zv\u00e1\u017eeno na vah\u00e1ch Maat. P\u0159i \u00fasp\u011bchu byla du\u0161e p\u0159ijata do pole Aaru (egyptsk\u00e9ho r\u00e1je); p\u0159i ne\u00fasp\u011bchu Ammit srdce pohltila a du\u0161e byla nav\u011bky zni\u010dena.<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Kdo byla Ammit v egyptsk\u00e9 mytologii?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Ammit (t\u00e9\u017e Ammut, 'ta, kter\u00e1 polyk\u00e1') byla egyptsk\u00e1 bohyn\u011b \u0161kody, je\u017e hr\u00e1la kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159i posmrtn\u00e9m soudu. Byla to sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 bytost s hlavou krokod\u00fdla, t\u011blem lva a zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed hrocha, tedy t\u0159\u00ed nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at \u00fadol\u00ed Nilu.Po smrti bylo srdce zesnul\u00e9ho v\u00e1\u017een\u00edm porovn\u00e1v\u00e1no s p\u00edrkem Maat (pravdy, kosmick\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du). Bylo-li srdce t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pero (tedy zat\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 viny), pohltila je Ammit, co\u017e znamenalo kone\u010dnou smrt du\u0161e.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Co znamen\u00e1 posmrtn\u00fd soud v Knize mrtv\u00fdch?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Posmrtn\u00fd soud (psychostasie) je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 sc\u00e9na v egyptsk\u00e9 Knize mrtv\u00fdch (kapitola 125). Zesnul\u00fd p\u0159edstupuje p\u0159ed soud 42 soudc\u016f s Usirevem jako p\u0159edsedou. Mus\u00ed pron\u00e9st 'negativn\u00ed vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed h\u0159\u00edch\u016f', vyjmenovat 42 h\u0159\u00edch\u016f, kter\u00e9 nesp\u00e1chal.Pot\u00e9 je srdce zv\u00e1\u017eeno na vah\u00e1ch Maat. P\u0159i \u00fasp\u011bchu byla du\u0161e p\u0159ijata do pole Aaru (egyptsk\u00e9ho r\u00e1je); p\u0159i ne\u00fasp\u011bchu Ammit srdce pohltila a du\u0161e byla nav\u011bky zni\u010dena.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1655,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Ammit","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ammit - Po\u017e\u00edra\u010dka, str\u00e1\u017ekyn\u011b posmrtn\u00e9ho soudu","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Ammit, \u201ePo\u017e\u00edra\u010dka\u201c, je jednou z nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch postav egyptsk\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy o posmrtn\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b. 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