{"id":171821,"date":"2026-09-05T15:42:42","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T15:42:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=171821"},"modified":"2026-09-05T16:08:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T16:08:06","slug":"agni","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/","title":{"rendered":"Agni"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"171821\" class=\"elementor elementor-171821 elementor-3010 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df1d7fd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"df1d7fd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-496e14e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"496e14e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-091c4d0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"091c4d0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6729b51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6729b51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Agni, d\u00e9u v\u00e8dic del foc i missatger dels d\u00e9us<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ffd000 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ffd000\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de d\u00e9us d'una religi\u00f3 o cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">pante\u00f3<\/span> v\u00e8dic, Agni \u00e9s considerat d\u00e9u del foc i missatger dels d\u00e9us, que porta les ofrenes dels humans als \u00e9ssers celestials. Agni \u00e9s, en l&#8217;hinduisme, el d\u00e9u del foc i el mitjancer entre l&#8217;\u00e9sser hum\u00e0 i els d\u00e9us.<\/p><p>El seu nom significa literalment \u00abfoc\u00bb i est\u00e0 emparentat ling\u00fc\u00edsticament amb el llat\u00ed ignis. En el Rig Veda, Agni \u00e9s un dels d\u00e9us m\u00e9s invocats, junt amb Indra i Soma.<\/p><p>\u00c9s el d\u00e9u del foc del sacrifici, que porta les ofrenes dels humans al cel, als d\u00e9us, i alhora el d\u00e9u del foc de la llar, del llamp i del foc interior (la digesti\u00f3).<\/p><p>Des del punt de vista de la ci\u00e8ncia de les religions, Agni \u00e9s considerat un dels d\u00e9us v\u00e8dics m\u00e9s importants, la rellev\u00e0ncia del qual va disminuir amb la decad\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3 sacrificial v\u00e8dica, per\u00f2 que ha rom\u00e0s present com a element ritual fins a l&#8217;actualitat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6538907 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6538907\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f73f75f elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"f73f75f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"D\u00e9u \/ Deessa: Poder suprem personificat dins el pante\u00f3 d'una cultura, amb \u00e0mbits d'acci\u00f3 clars: forces de la natura, dest\u00ed, guerra, fertilitat. Venerat mitjan\u00e7ant cultes, ofrenes i institucions de temple.\">Deessa<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/hinduisme\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"M\u00f3ns de d\u00e9us, asures i \u00e9ssers protectors hind\u00fas, del per\u00edode v\u00e8dic al t\u00e0ntric.\">Hinduisme<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2df5ba5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2df5ba5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50afb24 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"50afb24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No s&#039;ha trobat cap encap\\u00e7alament en aquesta p\\u00e0gina.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u00cdndex\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__50afb24\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__50afb24\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__50afb24\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89f8101 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"89f8101\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71ea105 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"71ea105\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hinduismus_agni-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-173481\" alt=\"Agni - D\u00e9us de la tradici\u00f3 hinduista, il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3 historicista\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hinduismus_agni-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hinduismus_agni-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hinduismus_agni-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hinduismus_agni.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a856fd e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4a856fd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44610c0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"44610c0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df091a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"df091a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mite i origen<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-369dc15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"369dc15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En el Rig Veda, Agni \u00e9s un dels tres d\u00e9us centrals, junt amb Indra i Soma. El primer himne del Rig Veda (1.1) est\u00e0 dedicat a Agni. Comen\u00e7a aix\u00ed: \u00abLloo Agni, el sacerdot de la llar, el sacerdot div\u00ed del sacrifici, el hotri, el suprem donador de tresors.\u00bb Aquest himne inicial del text sagrat m\u00e9s antic de l&#8217;\u00cdndia subratlla la posici\u00f3 fonamental d&#8217;Agni.<\/p>\n<p>En els textos v\u00e8dics, Agni \u00e9s lloat sota molts aspectes: com a sacerdot de la llar (Purohita), com a hotri (sacerdot del sacrifici), com a pare dels d\u00e9us, com a fill de les aig\u00fces (Apam Napat), com a encarnaci\u00f3 de la veracitat.<\/p><p>Les seves relacions de pare-fill amb altres d\u00e9us s\u00f3n complexes: \u00e9s fill del cel (Dyaus) i de la terra (Prithvi), per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 pare dels d\u00e9us, ja que el foc del sacrifici dona vida als d\u00e9us. Aquesta genealogia paradoxal \u00e9s un tret t\u00edpic de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i sobre la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> v\u00e8dica.<\/p>\n<p>Des del punt de vista de la hist\u00f2ria de les religions, Agni est\u00e0 emparentat amb l&#8217;irani\u00e0 Atar, el d\u00e9u del foc de la tradici\u00f3 av\u00e8stica. La hist\u00f2ria de la religi\u00f3 indoirania veu en el culte del foc una de les her\u00e8ncies comunes de totes dues tradicions.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>En l&#8217;Avesta, Atar \u00e9s el foc sagrat d&#8217;Ahura Mazda; en els textos v\u00e8dics, Agni \u00e9s el d\u00e9u central del sacrifici. Aquest paral\u00b7lelisme va ser descrit \u00e0mpliament per Hermann Oldenberg a \u00abDie Religion des Veda\u00bb (1894) i en la recerca indoiranista posterior.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p>La posici\u00f3 fonamental d&#8217;Agni en el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de d\u00e9us d'una religi\u00f3 o cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">pante\u00f3<\/span> v\u00e8dic es reflecteix en la pura quantitat d&#8217;himnes que li estan dedicats. En el Rig Veda, uns 200 dels 1028 himnes estan dedicats a Agni, gaireb\u00e9 un 20 per cent del text total.<\/p><p>Nom\u00e9s Indra (uns 250 himnes) i Soma (uns 120 himnes) s&#8217;acosten a aquesta freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia. Aquesta preponder\u00e0ncia estad\u00edstica mostra que Agni no era nom\u00e9s una figura teol\u00f2gicament important, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 central des del punt de vista cultual.<\/p>\n<p>La relaci\u00f3 etimol\u00f2gica del nom Agni amb el llat\u00ed ignis (foc), el litu\u00e0 ugnis i l&#8217;antic eslau ognj remet a una arrel ling\u00fc\u00edstica indoeuropea antiga.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Aquesta continu\u00eftat ling\u00fc\u00edstica al llarg de mil\u00b7lennis \u00e9s un dels indicis m\u00e9s forts de la realitat d&#8217;una cultura religiosa indoeuropea comuna, en la qual el foc tenia un paper ritual central. Edgar Polome va relacionar aquesta hist\u00f2ria ling\u00fc\u00edstica amb la hist\u00f2ria de les religions a \u00abStudies in Old Germanic Etymology\u00bb (1989).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7da2a0b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7da2a0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09cdae8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"09cdae8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u00edmbols i atributs<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7243a99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7243a99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Agni se sol representar amb dos caps, set lleng\u00fces, tres o set bra\u00e7os, quatre banyes i embolcallat en flames. Els dos caps encarnen la seva doble naturalesa com a foc terrenal i celestial. Les set lleng\u00fces, cadascuna amb un nom propi (Kali, Karali, Manojava, Sulohita, Sudhumravarna, Sphulingini, Vishvaruchi), porten cadascuna ofrenes diferents.<\/p>\n<p>La seva muntura \u00e9s el marr\u00e0, un animal que t\u00e9 un paper central en el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Do a una divinitat per expressar gratitud, s\u00faplica o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">sacrifici<\/span> v\u00e8dic. El marr\u00e0 simbolitza la mateixa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'objecte concret o l'aliment que s'ofrena a una divinitat.\" tabindex=\"0\">ofrena<\/span>, que va cap al foc. Agni el munta per travessar els tres mons (terra, atmosfera, cel).<\/p>\n<p>Els seus atributs en la tradici\u00f3 iconogr\u00e0fica posterior s\u00f3n la paleta amb daus (amb ofrenes), la copa, la destral, les culleres (Sruva i Sruk, culleres de sacrifici v\u00e8diques). Aquests atributs encarnen la seva funci\u00f3 com a sacerdot del sacrifici.<\/p>\n<p>La seva vestimenta \u00e9s vermella, la seva pell t\u00e9 color de sol o vermell foc. Sobre el pit porta un Yajnopavita (cord\u00f3 sagrat), com a senyal de la seva dignitat sacerdotal brahm\u00e0nica. Als temples se&#8217;l representa generalment en un n\u00ednxol m\u00e9s petit, ja que no pertany als d\u00e9us principals de l&#8217;hinduisme cl\u00e0ssic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55b4751 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"55b4751\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c67358 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2c67358\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Culte i veneraci\u00f3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1126ebd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1126ebd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> v\u00e8dic, Agni era l&#8217;element ritual central. Tot el yajna (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ofrena a una divinitat per expressar gratitud, s\u00faplica o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">ofrena<\/span>) es duia a terme mitjan\u00e7ant Agni. Les <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ofrena a una divinitat per expressar gratitud, s\u00faplica o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">ofrenes<\/span> m\u00e9s importants eren l&#8217;Agnihotra (l&#8217;ofrena di\u00e0ria del foc), l&#8217;Agnishtoma (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ofrena a una divinitat per expressar gratitud, s\u00faplica o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">ofrena<\/span> de soma amb foc), el Vajapeya (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ofrena a una divinitat per expressar gratitud, s\u00faplica o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">ofrena<\/span> de la vict\u00f2ria) i l&#8217;Ashvamedha (sacrifici del cavall). En tots aquests rituals, Agni n&#8217;era el centre.<\/p>\n<p>Avui dia, la pr\u00e0ctica sacrificial v\u00e8dica cl\u00e0ssica (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> Shrauta) nom\u00e9s es mant\u00e9 viva en poques fam\u00edlies del sud de l&#8217;\u00cdndia (sobretot entre els brahmans nambudiri de Kerala, les fam\u00edlies athirathra de Tamil Nadu i unes poques fam\u00edlies d&#8217;Andhra Pradesh).<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Frits Staal va documentar a \u00abAgni: The Vedic <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ritual<\/span> of the Fire <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Lloc elevat o taula per a ofrenes i accions religioses.\" tabindex=\"0\">Altar<\/span>\u00bb (1983) el espectacular <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> athirathra de 1975 a Kerala, una ofrena de dotze dies amb quantitats massives de fusta, soma i sacrificis d&#8217;animals (avui substitu\u00efts per ofrenes simb\u00f2liques). Aquesta documentaci\u00f3 \u00e9s una de les obres m\u00e9s importants de l&#8217;etnografia religiosa de la indologia moderna.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>En el culte dom\u00e8stic diari de moltes fam\u00edlies hind\u00fas, Agni \u00e9s present a trav\u00e9s del foc de la llar i el foc nupcial. En la cerim\u00f2nia de casament hind\u00fa, la n\u00favia i el nuvi volten set vegades al voltant del foc d&#8217;Agni.<\/p><p>Aquest <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> Saptapadi es considera l&#8217;acte m\u00e9s important del casament. Agni \u00e9s testimoni del jurament matrimonial. Els mantres del Saptapadi es refereixen directament al paper d&#8217;Agni com a testimoni i garant de les obligacions conjugals.<\/p>\n<p>Agni tamb\u00e9 t\u00e9 un paper central en el funeral hind\u00fa (Antyeshti). El difunt \u00e9s cremat en una pira funer\u00e0ria. Agni consumeix el cos i porta l&#8217;\u00e0nima als d\u00e9us. Aquesta funci\u00f3 funer\u00e0ria d&#8217;Agni \u00e9s, des del punt de vista de la hist\u00f2ria de les religions, una de les m\u00e9s importants, i est\u00e0 descrita \u00e0mpliament en molts textos v\u00e8dics i pur\u00e0rics.<\/p>\n<p>Els <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una construcci\u00f3 dedicada a la veneraci\u00f3 d'una o m\u00e9s divinitats.\" tabindex=\"0\">temples<\/span> dedicats exclusivament a Agni s\u00f3n escassos. El <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una construcci\u00f3 dedicada a la veneraci\u00f3 d'una o m\u00e9s divinitats.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span> d&#8217;Agni a Tirupuvanam (Tamil Nadu) \u00e9s un dels pocs santuaris especialitzats. Tanmateix, a la majoria dels temples de l&#8217;\u00cdndia, Agni ocupa un n\u00ednxol entre els dikpales (guardians dels punts cardinals), com a guardi\u00e0 de la direcci\u00f3 sud-est.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9a7f91 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f9a7f91\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38630cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"38630cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mites importants<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53dc08f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53dc08f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El primer <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relat transm\u00e8s sobre d\u00e9us, or\u00edgens i l'ordre del m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">mite<\/span> important \u00e9s el naixement d&#8217;Agni. Al Rig Veda 3.29 s&#8217;explica que Agni neix del fregament de dos troncs (Arani).<\/p><p>Aquesta realitat f\u00edsica es tradueix mitol\u00f2gicament: el tronc superior \u00e9s el seu pare, l&#8217;inferior la seva mare. Aix\u00ed, ell neix de nou cada dia, cada vegada que s&#8217;enc\u00e9n un foc. Aquest relat uneix la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> c\u00f2smica amb la pr\u00e0ctica ritual.<\/p>\n<p>El segon <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relat transm\u00e8s sobre d\u00e9us, or\u00edgens i l'ordre del m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">mite<\/span> \u00e9s la fugida d&#8217;Agni cap a l&#8217;aigua. Al Rig Veda 10.51 i al Mahabharata s&#8217;explica que Agni, aclaparat pel pes de la seva funci\u00f3 com a portador de les ofrenes, es va amagar dels d\u00e9us submergint-se a l&#8217;aigua. Els d\u00e9us el van buscar, el van trobar i el van conv\u00e8ncer de reprendre la seva tasca.<\/p><p>Aquest <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relat transm\u00e8s sobre d\u00e9us, or\u00edgens i l'ordre del m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">mite<\/span> t\u00e9 al Mahabharata (Adi Parva 220-225) una variant pr\u00f2pia: Agni vol cremar el bosc de Khandava, per\u00f2 no pot fer-ho perqu\u00e8 Indra el protegeix. Amb l&#8217;ajut de Krishna i Arjuna, finalment ho aconsegueix. El Khandava-Daha (l&#8217;incendi del bosc de Khandava) \u00e9s un dels episodis m\u00e9s dram\u00e0tics del Mahabharata.<\/p>\n<p>El tercer <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relat transm\u00e8s sobre d\u00e9us, or\u00edgens i l'ordre del m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">mite<\/span> \u00e9s la posici\u00f3 d&#8217;Agni en la lluita entre d\u00e9us. Al Mahabharata i als Puranes, Agni \u00e9s esmentat diverses vegades com a combatent contra dimonis. No \u00e9s nom\u00e9s sacerdot, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 guerrer. Al \u00abBhagavad Gita\u00bb (cap\u00edtol 11) \u00e9s cantat com un dels aspectes del Vishnu-Krishna c\u00f2smic.<\/p>\n<p>Un quart <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relat transm\u00e8s sobre d\u00e9us, or\u00edgens i l'ordre del m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">mite<\/span> \u00e9s la relaci\u00f3 d&#8217;Agni amb les dones dels set savis. Al Mahabharata (Anushasana Parva) s&#8217;explica que Agni va veure les dones dels set grans savis (Saptarishis) i es va inflamar de desig per elles. Per vergonya, es va retirar.<\/p><p>Svaha, la invocaci\u00f3 sacrificial personificada, finalment el va conv\u00e8ncer transformant-se en cada una de les dones i unint-se a ell. D&#8217;aquesta uni\u00f3 va n\u00e9ixer Skanda-Kartikeya. Aquest <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relat transm\u00e8s sobre d\u00e9us, or\u00edgens i l'ordre del m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">mite<\/span> entrella\u00e7a la hist\u00f2ria d&#8217;Agni amb la genealogia de Kartikeya i mostra la complexitat de l&#8217;entramat div\u00ed hind\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n<p>El relat del Khandava-Daha (l&#8217;incendi del bosc de Khandava) al Mahabharata \u00e9s una de les descripcions m\u00e9s dram\u00e0tiques d&#8217;un incendi de la literatura universal. Agni pateix trastorns digestius per haver menjat durant massa temps aliments sacrificials rics. Demana als d\u00e9us el bosc de Khandava com a cura. Indra, per\u00f2, protegeix el bosc perqu\u00e8 hi viu el seu amic Takshaka, el rei de les serps.<\/p><p>Krishna i Arjuna ajuden Agni: Krishna amb el disc Sudarshana, Arjuna amb les seves fletxes, que impedeixen la pluja d&#8217;Indra. L&#8217;incendi destrueix tot el bosc, i tots els seus habitants moren excepte sis, salvats per una gr\u00e0cia especial. De les flames, Krishna i Arjuna reben les seves armes meravelloses: Krishna la ma\u00e7a Kaumodaki i el Sudarshana-Cakra, Arjuna l&#8217;arc Gandiva i un buirac\u00f3 inesgotable.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;episodi de Khandava \u00e9s ambivalent des del punt de vista de la sociologia religiosa. D&#8217;una banda, mostra l&#8217;omnipot\u00e8ncia d&#8217;Agni (la crema d&#8217;un bosc sencer), i de l&#8217;altra, la seva depend\u00e8ncia (necessita que els humans li ho demanin). Tamb\u00e9 mostra una relaci\u00f3 de conflicte entre Indra i Agni: dos d\u00e9us v\u00e8dics centrals entren en conflicte, mediat pels herois humans-divins Krishna i Arjuna.<\/p><p>Aquesta constel\u00b7laci\u00f3 reflecteix la tensi\u00f3 religiosa de l&#8217;\u00e8poca postv\u00e8dica, en la qual els antics d\u00e9us v\u00e8dics (Indra, Agni) van quedar eclipsats per les noves divinitats pur\u00e0niques (Krishna-Vishnu).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68dc38b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"68dc38b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-979c23b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"979c23b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Relacions dins el pante\u00f3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9615425 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9615425\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Agni est\u00e0 casat amb Svaha, la personificaci\u00f3 de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La invocaci\u00f3 s\u00faplica o conjurat\u00f2ria d'una divinitat o poder.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocaci\u00f3<\/span> ritual \u00abSvaha\u00bb (aproximadament \u00abque sigui benaurat!\u00bb), que es pronuncia al final de cada mantra sacrificial. Aquest matrimoni \u00e9s m\u00e9s teol\u00f2gic que narratiu: cada <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ofrena a una divinitat per expressar gratitud, s\u00faplica o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">ofrena<\/span> \u00e9s la uni\u00f3 ritual d&#8217;Agni (el foc) i Svaha (la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La invocaci\u00f3 s\u00faplica o conjurat\u00f2ria d'una divinitat o poder.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocaci\u00f3<\/span>).<\/p>\n<p>Amb Indra, Agni mant\u00e9 una estreta relaci\u00f3. En el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt dels d\u00e9us d'una religi\u00f3 o cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">pante\u00f3<\/span> v\u00e8dic, tots dos tenen un estatus equivalent i sovint s\u00f3n invocats junts. Indra \u00e9s el d\u00e9u guerrer, Agni el sacerdot. Aquesta dualitat guerrer-sacerdot encarna un principi estructural indoeuropeu central segons Dum\u00e9zil.<\/p>\n<p>Amb Soma el vincula la pr\u00e0ctica sacrificial. Soma \u00e9s la beguda ritual, Agni el foc ritual. Tots dos van inseparablement units. Als textos v\u00e8dics es mencionen sovint com una parella complement\u00e0ria.<\/p>\n<p>En la tradici\u00f3 p\u00faranica posterior, Agni s&#8217;incorpora entre els vuit Dikpales (guardians dels punts cardinals). \u00c9s el guardi\u00e0 del sud-est.<\/p><p>Els Dikpales s\u00f3n: Indra (est), Agni (sud-est), Yama (sud), Nirriti (sud-oest), Varuna (oest), Vayu (nord-oest), Kubera (nord), Ishana (nord-est). Aquesta classificaci\u00f3 mostra la perviv\u00e8ncia d&#8217;Agni en l&#8217;hinduisme cl\u00e0ssic, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 la p\u00e8rdua d&#8217;estatus respecte als d\u00e9us principals Vishnu, Shiva i Devi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f68b53 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9f68b53\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9952858 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9952858\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recepci\u00f3 i influ\u00e8ncia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a225d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a225d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Al drama cl\u00e0ssic en s\u00e0nscrit i a la literatura kavya, Agni \u00e9s omnipresent, sobretot en descripcions de casaments, funerals i cerim\u00f2nies de sacrifici. El \u00abRaghuvamsha\u00bb i el \u00abShakuntala\u00bb de Kalidasa contenen escenes elaborades d&#8217;Agni. L&#8217;episodi del Khandava-Daha al Mahabharata \u00e9s una de les descripcions m\u00e9s punyents d&#8217;un incendi en tota la literatura mundial.<\/p>\n<p>Al budisme i al jainisme, Agni va ser en part deconstru\u00eft. El Buda va criticar el sacrifici animal v\u00e8dic i, per tant, indirectament la pr\u00e0ctica centrada en Agni. En els textos en pali, Agni apareix com una figura hind\u00fa que els budistes rebutgen, per\u00f2 reconeixen com a realitat cultural. Aquesta cr\u00edtica va contribuir al declivi de la veneraci\u00f3 d&#8217;Agni en els segles postv\u00e8dics.<\/p>\n<p>En la societat \u00edndia moderna, Agni \u00e9s sobretot una realitat ritual: en casaments, funerals i cerim\u00f2nies d&#8217;inauguraci\u00f3 s&#8217;enc\u00e9n un foc. Agni tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s present en la simbologia pol\u00edtica de l&#8217;\u00cdndia: el m\u00edssil bal\u00edstic de mitj\u00e0 abast de la Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) es diu Agni, un indici de la influ\u00e8ncia cultural continuada del d\u00e9u del foc v\u00e8dic.<\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>A Occident, Agni es va fer con\u00e8ixer gr\u00e0cies a la indologia del segle XIX. Friedrich Max M\u00fcller va exposar detalladament la import\u00e0ncia d&#8217;Agni en la seva edici\u00f3 del Rig Veda (1849-74) i en les seves confer\u00e8ncies sobre la religi\u00f3 v\u00e8dica. Al segle XX, Mircea Eliade, Heinrich Zimmer, Wendy Doniger i Frits Staal van continuar aquesta investigaci\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af011b7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"af011b7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c12cc41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c12cc41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Classificaci\u00f3 dins la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8e49f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b8e49f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Segons la classificaci\u00f3 de Georges Dum\u00e9zil, Agni \u00e9s una figura sacerdotal-ritual de la primera funci\u00f3 indoeuropea. Pertany a l&#8217;esfera de la sobirania, amb un \u00e8mfasi especial en l&#8217;aspecte ritual (a difer\u00e8ncia de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pr\u00e0ctiques que pretenen intervenir en el curs de les coses mitjan\u00e7ant accions o f\u00f3rmules especials.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00e0gia<\/span> de Varuna o de la veracitat de Mitra). Aquesta classificaci\u00f3 va ser continuada per Edgar Polom\u00e9 i Jean Haudry.<\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Des del punt de vista de la fenomenologia de la religi\u00f3, Agni \u00e9s un dels millors exemples d&#8217;un d\u00e9u mitjancer que uneix els homes i els d\u00e9us. Mircea Eliade, a \u00abPatterns in Comparative Religion\u00bb (1958), va classificar el culte al foc com una estructura religiosa universal. Es troben paral\u00b7lelismes amb Agni en l&#8217;irani\u00e0 Atar, el grec Hefest, el rom\u00e0 Vulc\u00e0, el germ\u00e0nic Loki i el c\u00e8ltic Belenos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Frits Staal va desenvolupar una teoria pr\u00f2pia del ritualisme v\u00e8dic a \u00abAgni: The Vedic <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ritual<\/span> of the Fire <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Lloc elevat o taula per a ofrenes i actes religiosos.\" tabindex=\"0\">Altar<\/span>\u00bb (2 vols., 1983) i a \u00abRules without Meaning\u00bb (1989).<\/span><\/p><p>Ell veu en el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> d&#8217;Agni un sistema aut\u00f2nom de regles, que no s&#8217;explica principalment pel seu significat simb\u00f2lic, sin\u00f3 com a autoreproducci\u00f3 ritual. Aquesta tesi \u00e9s controvertida en la investigaci\u00f3, per\u00f2 metodol\u00f2gicament influent.<\/p>\n\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Frits Staal va presentar a \u00abAgni: The Vedic <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ritual<\/span> of the Fire <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Lloc elevat o taula per a ofrenes i actes religiosos.\" tabindex=\"0\">Altar<\/span>\u00bb (2 vols., 1983) un dels estudis etnogr\u00e0fics religiosos m\u00e9s monumentals de la indologia moderna. L&#8217;abril de 1975 va documentar, juntament amb Adelaide de Menil i Robert Gardner, un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> athirathra de dotze dies a Kerala.<\/span><\/p><p>Les fam\u00edlies de brahmans nambudiri van dur a terme el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> complet de l&#8217;atiratra agnicayana, probablement l&#8217;\u00faltima vegada que aquest <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> es va dur a terme en la seva forma cl\u00e0ssica. La documentaci\u00f3 inclou filmacions, gravacions de tots els mantres, documentaci\u00f3 fotogr\u00e0fica de la construcci\u00f3 dels altars i descripcions etnogr\u00e0fiques de la tradici\u00f3 familiar. Aquesta documentaci\u00f3 es considera un testimoni \u00fanic d&#8217;una tradici\u00f3 ritual de m\u00e9s de tres mil anys.<\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Les conclusions te\u00f2riques que Staal va extreure d&#8217;aquest treball de camp han provocat debats controvertits en la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La ci\u00e8ncia que estudia les religions de manera comparativa i sense vincle confessional.\" tabindex=\"0\">ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3<\/span>. A \u00abRules without Meaning\u00bb (1989) va argumentar que el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> v\u00e8dic era principalment un sistema de regles que es reprodu\u00efa a si mateix, sense que el significat simb\u00f2lic en fos la for\u00e7a motriu.<\/span><\/p><p>Aquesta \u00abtesi de la manca de sentit\u00bb va ser criticada per Brian K. Smith, Stephanie Jamison i altres: el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> tindria, de fet, un significat simb\u00f2lic i cosmol\u00f2gic que escaparia a la reducci\u00f3 sist\u00e8mica de Staal.<\/p>\n<p>La posici\u00f3 d&#8217;Agni en l&#8217;hinduisme modern est\u00e0 fermament arrelada malgrat el declivi de la pr\u00e0ctica sacrificial v\u00e8dica. En els casaments hind\u00fas, Agni \u00e9s central: el saptapadi (set passos) al voltant del foc \u00e9s l&#8217;acte amb rellev\u00e0ncia legal del matrimoni.<\/p><p>En els funerals, Agni tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s central: el difunt es crema en una pira funer\u00e0ria, el foc de la qual \u00e9s Agni. En obertures de negocis, inauguracions de cases i inicis d&#8217;ex\u00e0mens, encendre un petit foc o una cullera de fang amb ghee \u00e9s una pr\u00e0ctica habitual. Agni, doncs, ja no \u00e9s el d\u00e9u principal en l&#8217;hinduisme cl\u00e0ssic, per\u00f2 continua sent omnipresent com a realitat ritual.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af8508e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"af8508e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d74482 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d74482\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fonts i bibliografia complement\u00e0ria<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b687df8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b687df8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>Fonts prim\u00e0ries: Rig Veda (sobretot 1.1, 3.29, 10.51, aproximadament 1500-1200 aC), Yajur Veda, Atharva Veda, Shatapatha Brahmana, Aitareya Brahmana, Mahabharata (especialment Khandava-Daha a Adi Parva 220-225), Bhagavad Gita cap\u00edtol 11. Textos lit\u00fargics: <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia reglada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ritual<\/span> Agnishtoma (als Shrauta Sutras), mantres Agnihotra. Traduccions a l&#8217;angl\u00e8s: Rig Veda de Stephanie Jamison\/Joel Brereton (2014), Mahabharata de John D. Smith (2009).<\/p>\n<p>Bibliografia secund\u00e0ria:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Frits Staal \u00abAgni: The Vedic <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia reglada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ritual<\/span> of the Fire <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Lloc elevat o taula per a ofrenes i actes religiosos.\" tabindex=\"0\">Altar<\/span>\u00bb (1983) i \u00abRules without Meaning\u00bb (1989).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Hermann Oldenberg \u00abDie Religion des Veda\u00bb (1894).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Jan Gonda \u00abVedic <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia reglada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ritual<\/span>: The Non-Solemn Rites\u00bb (1980).<\/span><\/li><li>Wendy Doniger \u00abHindu Myths\u00bb (1975).<\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Stephanie Jamison \u00abSacrificed Wife \/ Sacrificer&#8217;s Wife\u00bb (1996).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Asko Parpola \u00abThe Roots of Hinduism\u00bb (2015).<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>M\u00e9s obres de refer\u00e8ncia a la <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/literatura\/\">bibliografia<\/a>.<\/span><\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3225,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Agni","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Agni \u2013 D\u00e9u v\u00e8dic del foc i missatger dels d\u00e9us | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Agni \u00e9s el d\u00e9u hind\u00fa del foc i mitjancer entre d\u00e9us i humans. D\u00e9u principal v\u00e8dic, ritual del Yajna, foc nupcial i tres aspectes.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-171821","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Agni \u2013 D\u00e9u v\u00e8dic del foc i missatger dels d\u00e9us | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Agni \u00e9s el d\u00e9u hind\u00fa del foc i mitjancer entre d\u00e9us i humans. D\u00e9u principal v\u00e8dic, ritual del Yajna, foc nupcial i tres aspectes.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Agni\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Agni \u00e9s el d\u00e9u hind\u00fa del foc i mitjancer entre d\u00e9us i humans. D\u00e9u principal v\u00e8dic, ritual del Yajna, foc nupcial i tres aspectes.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-05T16:08:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hinduismus_agni.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/agni\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/agni\\\/\",\"name\":\"Agni \u2013 D\u00e9u v\u00e8dic del foc i missatger dels d\u00e9us | iWell Guard\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/agni\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/agni\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_hinduismus_agni.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-05T15:42:42+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-05T16:08:06+00:00\",\"description\":\"Agni \u00e9s el d\u00e9u hind\u00fa del foc i mitjancer entre d\u00e9us i humans. D\u00e9u principal v\u00e8dic, ritual del Yajna, foc nupcial i tres aspectes.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/agni\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/agni\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/agni\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_hinduismus_agni.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_hinduismus_agni.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"D\u00e9us de la tradici\u00f3 hind\u00fa.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/agni\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/?page_id=171333\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Agni\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Agni \u2013 D\u00e9u v\u00e8dic del foc i missatger dels d\u00e9us | iWell Guard","description":"Agni \u00e9s el d\u00e9u hind\u00fa del foc i mitjancer entre d\u00e9us i humans. D\u00e9u principal v\u00e8dic, ritual del Yajna, foc nupcial i tres aspectes.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/","og_locale":"ca_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Agni","og_description":"Agni \u00e9s el d\u00e9u hind\u00fa del foc i mitjancer entre d\u00e9us i humans. D\u00e9u principal v\u00e8dic, ritual del Yajna, foc nupcial i tres aspectes.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-05T16:08:06+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hinduismus_agni.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/","name":"Agni \u2013 D\u00e9u v\u00e8dic del foc i missatger dels d\u00e9us | iWell Guard","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hinduismus_agni.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:42:42+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T16:08:06+00:00","description":"Agni \u00e9s el d\u00e9u hind\u00fa del foc i mitjancer entre d\u00e9us i humans. D\u00e9u principal v\u00e8dic, ritual del Yajna, foc nupcial i tres aspectes.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ca","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hinduismus_agni.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_hinduismus_agni.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"D\u00e9us de la tradici\u00f3 hind\u00fa."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/agni\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171333"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Agni"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ca"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171821","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=171821"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171821\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3225"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=171821"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=171821"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}