{"id":171699,"date":"2026-09-05T15:41:35","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T15:41:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=171699"},"modified":"2026-09-05T16:04:45","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T16:04:45","slug":"lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/","title":{"rendered":"Lono &#8211; D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i la fertilitat"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"171699\" class=\"elementor elementor-171699 elementor-2602 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lono - Gran d\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau, l'agricultura i el Makahiki<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lono \u00e9s, en la religi\u00f3 hawaiana, un dels quatre grans d\u00e9us, atua de la pau, la fertilitat, la pluja, l&#8217;agricultura i el gran festival anual Makahiki. \u00c9s una estreta figura paral\u00b7lela a l&#8217;atua maori <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171694\">Rongo<\/a>. Aquesta descripci\u00f3 exposa la seva posici\u00f3 en el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt dels d\u00e9us d'una religi\u00f3 o cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">pante\u00f3<\/span>, el sistema Makahiki i la coneguda relaci\u00f3 hist\u00f2rica amb James Cook.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"D\u00e9u de la tradici\u00f3 Polin\u00e8sia \/ Maori.\">D\u00e9u<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171663\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mitologia de la tradici\u00f3 Polin\u00e8sia \/ Maori.\">Polin\u00e8sia \/ Maori<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Gran divinitat de la pau.\">Gran divinitat de la pau<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No s&#039;ha trobat cap encap\\u00e7alament en aquesta p\\u00e0gina.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u00cdndex\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-lono-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-lono-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-lono-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-173592\" alt=\"Lono - D\u00e9us de la tradici\u00f3 polin\u00e8sia-maori, il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3 historicista\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ubicaci\u00f3 en el pante\u00f3 hawai\u00e0<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lono \u00e9s un dels quatre grans d\u00e9us d&#8217;Hawaii, juntament amb Ku, Kane i <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171698\">Kanaloa<\/a>. \u00c9s l&#8217;atua de la pau i, per tant, s&#8217;oposa funcionalment a Ku, el d\u00e9u de la guerra. En el calendari ritual anual s&#8217;alternava la veneraci\u00f3 de Ku i de Lono: durant la temporada de guerra dominava Ku, mentre que durant els quatre mesos del Makahiki dominava Lono.<\/p><p>Valeri mostra a <em>Kingship and Sacrifice<\/em> com el sistema religi\u00f3s hawai\u00e0 va institucionalitzar aquesta estructura de dues estacions. El canvi entre temps de guerra i temps de pau no \u00e9s nom\u00e9s calend\u00e0ric, sin\u00f3 fonamentalment teol\u00f2gic i pol\u00edtic.<\/p><p>Encara que Lono forma part dels quatre grans d\u00e9us d&#8217;Hawaii i el seu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de pr\u00e0ctiques de veneraci\u00f3 religiosa dedicades a una divinitat o figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culte<\/span> estava fermament arrelat al calendari ritual, la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La disciplina cient\u00edfica que estudia D\u00e9u i la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> subjacent, com la tradici\u00f3 emparentada maori, no coneix cap doctrina sistem\u00e0tica ni cap cos de creences tancat.<\/p><p>La realitat que els atua posseeixen, la guanyen en l&#8217;execuci\u00f3: en el karakia, en les assemblees del marae, en les recitacions del whakapapa. Des del punt de vista de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3, aquesta teologia fonamentada en la pr\u00e0ctica es considera una aportaci\u00f3 pr\u00f2pia a la disciplina; Mary Ann Boord i Edward Tregear la van desenvolupar sistem\u00e0ticament en els seus estudis d&#8217;etnografia religiosa sobre la Polin\u00e8sia.<\/p><p>Qui investiga Lono topa amb una dificultat fonamental de la recerca religiosa polin\u00e8sia: nombroses fonts provenen del segle XIX colonial i estan tenyides per la percepci\u00f3 de missioners i etn\u00f2legs.<\/p><p>Aix\u00f2 afecta especialment el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de pr\u00e0ctiques de veneraci\u00f3 religiosa dedicades a una divinitat o figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culte<\/span> a Lono, estretament vinculat a l&#8217;episodi de Cook. Per aix\u00f2 la recerca m\u00e9s recent treballa constantment en la descolonitzaci\u00f3 d&#8217;aquests materials, situant al centre les veus polin\u00e8sies i q\u00fcestionant cr\u00edticament les categories occidentals.<\/p><p>Si es compara la religi\u00f3 polin\u00e8sia amb altres religions ind\u00edgenes d&#8217;Oceania, Austr\u00e0lia i el sud-est asi\u00e0tic, es revela una doble caracter\u00edstica: pel que fa als motius fonamentals es mant\u00e9 notablement constant, per\u00f2 alhora s&#8217;adapta localment. Que Lono correspongui al Rongo maori i, tanmateix, hagi adquirit un car\u00e0cter propi hawai\u00e0 n&#8217;\u00e9s un exemple.<\/p><p>Aquesta tensi\u00f3 entre universalitat i localitat constitueix un objecte d&#8217;estudi important de l&#8217;etnologia religiosa del Pac\u00edfic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nom i etimologia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El nom Lono correspon etimol\u00f2gicament al Rongo maori (<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171694\">Rongo<\/a>). L&#8217;arrel protopolin\u00e8sia *Rongo significa &#8216;so&#8217;, &#8216;not\u00edcia&#8217;, &#8216;rumors&#8217;. A Hawaii es produeix el canvi fon\u00e8tic de r a l. El vincle sem\u00e0ntic entre &#8216;not\u00edcia&#8217; i &#8216;pau&#8217; \u00e9s tan reconeixible a Hawaii com entre els maori.<\/p><p>Els ep\u00edtets de Lono s\u00f3n Lono-i-ka-makahiki (&#8216;Lono del Makahiki&#8217;), Lono-nui-akea (&#8216;Lono, gran i vast&#8217;) i Lono-makua (&#8216;pare Lono&#8217;). Aquesta varietat mostra els diferents \u00e8mfasis funcionals.<\/p><p>El fet que Lono sigui invocat sota diversos ep\u00edtets t\u00e9 un fons ling\u00fc\u00edstic i hist\u00f2ric: aquesta abund\u00e0ncia de noms testimonia una <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La transmissi\u00f3 de coneixement i relats al llarg de generacions.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici\u00f3<\/span> oral que s&#8217;ha diversificat \u00e0mpliament a nivell regional.<\/p><p>La profunditat ling\u00fc\u00edstica dels te\u00f2nims maoris i hawaians est\u00e0 documentada als treballs lexicogr\u00e0fics de Bruce Biggs i Hugh Clarke. Qui vulgui entendre el parentiu de les lleng\u00fces polin\u00e8sies no pot passar per alt aquesta recerca.<\/p><p>Els ep\u00edtets de Lono s\u00f3n, en molts casos, m\u00e9s que un simple ornament. Codifiquen determinades funcions rituals i estan fixats en les f\u00f3rmules del karakia. Els tohunga, els especialistes rituals, sabien exactament quin ep\u00edtet calia invocar en cada situaci\u00f3. Charles Royal i Pou Temara han estudiat aquesta pr\u00e0ctica lit\u00fargica minuciosament regulada.<\/p><p>Sovint \u00e9s discutit quin significat original hi ha al darrere dels ep\u00edtets. En molts casos coexisteixen propostes etimol\u00f2giques rivals, sense que fonts fiables permetin decidir-s&#8217;hi. La <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La ci\u00e8ncia que estudia les religions de manera comparativa i sense vincle de fe.\" tabindex=\"0\">ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3<\/span> moderna considera aquesta diversitat una riquesa i no una mancan\u00e7a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Descripci\u00f3 i iconografia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un signe que representa una idea o significat.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00edmbol<\/span> iconogr\u00e0fic central de Lono \u00e9s el b\u00e0ner de Lono: un llarg bast\u00f3 de fusta amb una travessa i un teixit blanc (tapa), sovint decorat amb feixos de plomes. Aquest b\u00e0ner es portava d&#8217;illa a illa durant la festa Makahiki. La forma s&#8217;assembla, en secci\u00f3 transversal, a una creu, la qual cosa va provocar el 1779 una c\u00e8lebre confusi\u00f3.<\/p><p>Tamb\u00e9 els porcs, les carbasses i certes plantes estan associats a Lono. Beckwith i Valeri documenten \u00e0mpliament aquesta <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La disciplina que estudia el contingut de les imatges i el seu significat.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconografia<\/span>. Avui el b\u00e0ner de Lono \u00e9s un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un signe que representa una idea o significat.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00edmbol<\/span> de l&#8217;afirmaci\u00f3 cultural hawaiana.<\/p><p>En les darreres cinc d\u00e8cades, l&#8217;art de la talla dels maoris i dels hawaians ha viscut un renaixement impressionant. Cliff Whiting, Robyn Kahukiwa, Wright Bowman i Sam Ka&#8217;ai figuren entre els artistes que han desenvolupat tant formes tradicionals com interpretacions modernes.<\/p><p>Els atua, entre ells Lono, apareixen de manera diversa en les seves obres; la seva pres\u00e8ncia iconogr\u00e0fica arriba aix\u00ed fins a l&#8217;art actual.<\/p><p>L&#8217;art polinesi no es pot separar del seu significat cosmol\u00f2gic. Cada espiral (koru), cada ornament i cada l\u00ednia porta un sentit fenomenol\u00f2gic-religi\u00f3s, tamb\u00e9 el b\u00e0ner de Lono amb la seva travessa i els seus feixos de plomes. Roger Neich, Damian Skinner i altres historiadors de l&#8217;art han desxifrat sistem\u00e0ticament aquestes capes de significat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La festa Makahiki<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El Makahiki era la festa anual m\u00e9s important de la religi\u00f3 hawaiana. Durava aproximadament quatre mesos, de novembre a febrer (segons el calendari lunar hawai\u00e0). Durant aquest per\u00edode es prohibia la guerra, el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de pr\u00e0ctiques religioses de veneraci\u00f3 d'una divinitat o figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culte<\/span> de Ku quedava en rep\u00f2s i Lono dominava. A les illes es portava el b\u00e0ner de Lono, cada ahupua&#8217;a (districte territorial) oferia dons, i s&#8217;organitzaven competicions esportives i actuacions de dansa.<\/p><p>Des del punt de vista de l&#8217;estudi de les religions, el Makahiki \u00e9s una festa cl\u00e0ssica d&#8217;acci\u00f3 de gr\u00e0cies per la collita, comparable a les saturnals romanes o a l&#8217;akitu mesopot\u00e0mic. Valerie Valeri analitza l&#8217;estructura com una &#8216;inversi\u00f3 ritual&#8217;: durant la festa, les jerarquies socials habituals es capgiren parcialment, domina la pau i el poble \u00e9s alimentat amb dons.<\/p><p>Tamb\u00e9 el corpus narratiu al voltant de la festa Makahiki s&#8217;ha de llegir, cient\u00edficament, com una xarxa de relats que s&#8217;expliquen m\u00fatuament i que reben accents diferents segons les tradicions tribals. No hi ha aqu\u00ed, precisament, un relat tancat i unitari.<\/p><p>Aquesta estructura rizom\u00e0tica, en forma de xarxa, planteja reptes metodol\u00f2gics a la investigaci\u00f3, per\u00f2 li obre alhora una profunditat hermen\u00e8utica. Les versions divergents d&#8217;una mateixa hist\u00f2ria es consideren variants regionals d&#8217;igual rang, mai &#8216;falses&#8217; o &#8216;corrompudes&#8217;.<\/p><p>Les tradicions relatives al Makahiki es transmeten activament, no simplement es recorden: en el karakia, en els discursos al marae i en l&#8217;ensenyament. S\u00f3n, per tant, una pr\u00e0ctica viva i no un arxiu aturat. Els programes ling\u00fc\u00edstics per al te reo maori i l&#8217;olelo hawai&#8217;i han refor\u00e7at considerablement aquesta vitalitat en les darreres tres d\u00e8cades.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lono i James Cook<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Al gener de 1779, James Cook va ancorar amb els seus vaixells a la badia de Kealakekua, a Hawai&#8217;i. Casualment, era just la fase culminant del Makahiki. Les estructures rectangulars de m\u00e0stil, travessa i teixit dels seus vaixells recordaven el b\u00e0ner de Lono. Diverses fonts hawaianes i observadors occidentals informen que Cook va ser rebut <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Que pertany a una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia d'accions religioses fixada.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritualment<\/span> com una encarnaci\u00f3 de Lono, o almenys amb una vinculaci\u00f3 a Lono.<\/p><p>Aquesta hist\u00f2ria \u00e9s objecte d&#8217;una c\u00e8lebre controv\u00e8rsia entre Marshall Sahlins (<em>Islands of History<\/em>, 1985) i Gananath Obeyesekere (<em>The Apotheosis of Captain Cook<\/em>, 1992). Sahlins defensa la tesi de la identificaci\u00f3 ritual; Obeyesekere argumenta que es tracta d&#8217;una construcci\u00f3 colonial.<\/p><p>Des del punt de vista de la hist\u00f2ria de les religions, el fet central \u00e9s que Cook va ser mort el 14 de febrer de 1779 en un enfrontament, probablement despr\u00e9s que el Makahiki hagu\u00e9s acabat i el seu retorn inusual ja no fos teol\u00f2gicament classificable.<\/p><p>L&#8217;episodi de James Cook, associat amb Lono en el moment de la seva arribada, nom\u00e9s es pot entendre si es coneix un tret fonamental de la religi\u00f3 dels maoris i dels hawaians: el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una acci\u00f3 religiosa fixada i recurrent.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu<\/span> i l&#8217;activitat quotidiana s&#8217;entrellacen.<\/p><p>Mentre altres sistemes religiosos separen clarament el sagrat del prof\u00e0, aqu\u00ed les relacions amb els atua impregnen tota la vida. Aquesta religiositat arrelada en la mateixa vida quotidiana \u00e9s objecte d&#8217;estudis fenomenol\u00f2gico-religiosos de Mason Durie, Charles Royal, Lilikala Kame&#8217;eleihiwa i altres erudits polinesis de la generaci\u00f3 actual.<\/p><p>Com d&#8217;estretament entrella\u00e7ats estan la pr\u00e0ctica ritual i la vida quotidiana es pot veure tamb\u00e9 en la llengua: termes com mana, tapu, aroha o hauora formen part avui de l&#8217;angl\u00e8s general d&#8217;Aotearoa i s&#8217;utilitzen tamb\u00e9 fora de contextos religiosos. Que la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La disciplina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i sobre la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> maori s&#8217;hagi inscrit aix\u00ed en l&#8217;\u00fas de la llengua documenta el seu impacte cultural profund.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Culte i rituals<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lono era venerat en heiau propis, entre els quals el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una construcci\u00f3 destinada a la veneraci\u00f3 d'una o diverses divinitats.\" tabindex=\"0\">temple<\/span> de Halulu a Lana&#8217;i. Alguns heiau eren &#8216;heiau de pau&#8217; (heiau de Lono), d&#8217;altres &#8216;heiau de guerra&#8217; (heiau de Ku). Aquesta diferenciaci\u00f3 \u00e9s cient\u00edficament reveladora: mostra una separaci\u00f3 ritual sistem\u00e0tica dels \u00e0mbits de la vida.<\/p><p>En el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia ordenada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> del Makahiki era central una <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'ordre establert del culte div\u00ed d'una comunitat religiosa.\" tabindex=\"0\">lit\u00fargia<\/span> espec\u00edfica, documentada per Pukui i Beckwith. Inclou preg\u00e0ries, dansa, ofrenes i la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una desfilada religiosa solemne.\" tabindex=\"0\">process\u00f3<\/span> de l&#8217;estendard de Lono. Els pagesos oferien a l&#8217;estendard dons de la seva collita, mentre que la noblesa repartia regals.<\/p><p>La religi\u00f3 polin\u00e8sia continua sent especialment viva als marae i als heiau, aquells llocs que s\u00f3n alhora espai de reuni\u00f3 i lloc de culte; i precisament durant els mesos del Makahiki, Lono estava lligat als ritus dels heiau. Cada marae i cada heiau t\u00e9 la seva pr\u00f2pia whakapapa, les seves pr\u00f2pies tradicions i les seves pr\u00f2pies refer\u00e8ncies als atua.<\/p><p>Una visita a un marae comen\u00e7a amb el powhiri, el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia ordenada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> en qu\u00e8 els tangata whenua reben solemnement els seus convidats. No es tracta d&#8217;un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La cultura popular transmesa amb els seus costums, relats i can\u00e7ons.\" tabindex=\"0\">folklore<\/span> cerimonial, sin\u00f3 de pr\u00e0ctica religiosa viscuda, i es considera cient\u00edficament un dels rituals de benvinguda polinesis m\u00e9s ben documentats.<\/p><p>Als segles XX i XXI la pr\u00e0ctica cultual ha canviat notablement. All\u00e0 on abans els tohunga tenien un paper central, avui sovint s\u00f3n els kaumatua, els ancians, i els comit\u00e8s de marae qui porten a terme el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un acte religi\u00f3s establert i recurrent.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu<\/span>. Des del punt de vista de la sociologia de la religi\u00f3, aquest despla\u00e7ament \u00e9s revelador; Manuka Henare i Mason Durie l&#8217;analitzen en la seva investigaci\u00f3.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tradicions de protecci\u00f3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En contextos de protecci\u00f3, Lono \u00e9s venerat principalment invocant la pau i la fertilitat. Els pagesos que preguen per una bona collita s&#8217;adrecen a Lono. Tamb\u00e9 en les negociacions de pau Lono era el referent. Aquesta pr\u00e0ctica avui es reviu parcialment en el marc d&#8217;iniciatives culturals i pol\u00edtiques.<\/p><p>El Makahiki anual es torna a celebrar cada any en algunes escoles hawaianes, centres culturals i moviments de sobirania, sovint com a record simb\u00f2lic de l&#8217;ordre precolonial. Aquesta pr\u00e0ctica s&#8217;ha d&#8217;entendre com <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Que pertany a una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia d'accions religioses establerta.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> en sentit cultural, no pas m\u00e0gic.<\/p><p>Pel que fa a la protecci\u00f3, val la pena fer una distinci\u00f3 cient\u00edfica: la concepci\u00f3 occidental parteix de l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un objecte portat al qual s'atribueix un efecte protector, que allunya el mal.\" tabindex=\"0\">amulet<\/span> efica\u00e7, mentre que la polin\u00e8sia parteix de la relaci\u00f3 cultivada. Aqu\u00ed la protecci\u00f3 es concep de manera relacional i ritualitzada; no es basa precisament en un efecte m\u00e0gic-causal.<\/p><p>Qui mant\u00e9 una relaci\u00f3 amb un Atua com Lono i la cultiva es considera &#8216;protegit&#8217;. La protecci\u00f3 no la dona l&#8217;efecte d&#8217;un objecte, sin\u00f3 la vinculaci\u00f3 cosmol\u00f2gica d&#8217;una relaci\u00f3 existent. En l&#8217;antropologia de la religi\u00f3, aquesta idea es coneix amb el terme &#8216;relational ontology&#8217;.<\/p><p>La pr\u00e0ctica de la protecci\u00f3 \u00e9s, a m\u00e9s, un \u00e0mbit on la tradici\u00f3 i la modernitat es troben. Aplicacions m\u00f2bils amb karakia, guies en l\u00ednia per a rituals de protecci\u00f3 i visites virtuals als marae mostren que la religi\u00f3 polin\u00e8sia integra els nous mitjans en la seva pr\u00e0ctica. Aquesta modernitzaci\u00f3 s&#8217;ha d&#8217;entendre com una evoluci\u00f3 adaptativa, i de cap manera es pot parlar d&#8217;un empobriment.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paral\u00b7lelismes en altres cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dins de Polin\u00e8sia, Lono correspon al Rongo maori (<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171694\">Rongo<\/a>), al Ro&#8217;o tahiti\u00e0, i \u00e9s comparable amb Dem\u00e8ter, Ceres o Saturn (en la seva funci\u00f3 agr\u00e0ria). Com aquests, Lono encarna la planta cultivada i la pau social.<\/p><p>\u00c9s important la particularitat del Makahiki: una fase de pau institucionalitzada de quatre mesos a l&#8217;any \u00e9s hist\u00f2ricament notable i est\u00e0 documentada amb aquesta intensitat nom\u00e9s en molt poques altres cultures. Valeri i Sahlins discuteixen aquesta particularitat.<\/p><p>Aquestes estructures universals de l&#8217;experi\u00e8ncia religiosa han estat estudiades sistem\u00e0ticament per Joseph Campbell i Mircea Eliade. Per fonamentals que siguin els seus treballs, cal repensar-los per als contextos polinesis concrets, sense caure en una simplificaci\u00f3 panglobalitzadora. La recerca polin\u00e8sia m\u00e9s recent dona molta import\u00e0ncia a aquesta lectura sensible al context.<\/p><p>Dins dels Indigenous Studies internacionals, des dels anys 1990 s&#8217;han treballat sistem\u00e0ticament paral\u00b7lelismes entre els mons de creences polinesis i altres tradicions de pobles originaris. Aquest camp de recerca ha estat marcat de manera decisiva per l&#8217;estudiosa maori Linda Tuhiwai Smith amb la seva obra de refer\u00e8ncia <em>Decolonizing Methodologies<\/em>, publicada el 1999, la l\u00ednia metodol\u00f2gica de la qual s&#8217;ha adoptat arreu del m\u00f3n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recepci\u00f3 actual<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lono \u00e9s present en el renaixement hawai\u00e0. Hi ha moviments actius per revitalitzar el Makahiki, promoure el calendari lunar hawai\u00e0 i tenir cura dels heiau dedicats a Lono. Lilikala Kame&#8217;eleihiwa i altres estudiosos hawaians treballen per reintroduir Lono en la consci\u00e8ncia p\u00fablica.<\/p><p>El debat Cook-Lono \u00e9s objecte d&#8217;ensenyament en l&#8217;etnologia de la religi\u00f3 internacional. Una an\u00e0lisi m\u00e9s aprofundida dins la <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171663\">fam\u00edlia religiosa polin\u00e8sia<\/a> mostra l&#8217;estreta relaci\u00f3 de Lono amb Rongo i la seva forma espec\u00edficament hawaiana.<\/p><p>Una <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser venerat com a div\u00ed dins d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">divinitat<\/span> com Lono, vinculada a la idea de pau, a l&#8217;agricultura i a la festa del Makahiki, pertany a un sistema religi\u00f3s al qual el discurs internacional atorga cada vegada m\u00e9s autonomia, i que ja no es rebaixa a la categoria de &#8216;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de relats m\u00edtics transmesos sobre els d\u00e9us d'una cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span>&#8216; o de &#8216;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La cultura popular transmesa amb costums, relats i can\u00e7ons.\" tabindex=\"0\">folklore<\/span>&#8216;.<\/p><p>Termes com &#8216;mana&#8217;, &#8216;tapu&#8217;, &#8216;mauri&#8217; i &#8216;whakapapa&#8217; formen ja part del llenguatge cient\u00edfic especialitzat, la qual cosa documenta aquest reconeixement. El seu \u00fas requereix, per\u00f2, una sensibilitat contextual que no es dona per feta.<\/p><p>La manera com les religions polin\u00e8sies s\u00f3n recollides en la cultura popular, en produccions de Disney, en el turisme, en la literatura esot\u00e8rica, \u00e9s objecte de debats cr\u00edtics. On es produeix una transmissi\u00f3 adequada i on es banalitza o es distorsiona? Aquestes q\u00fcestions es debaten amb for\u00e7a a Aotearoa i Hawai&#8217;i, davant l&#8217;opini\u00f3 p\u00fablica.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recerca i fonts<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Contribucions importants sobre Lono es troben en Martha Beckwith, Mary Kawena Pukui, David Malo, Valerio Valeri, Marshall Sahlins, Gananath Obeyesekere i Lilikala Kame&#8217;eleihiwa. <em>Islands of History<\/em> de Sahlins i <em>The Apotheosis of Captain Cook<\/em> d&#8217;Obeyesekere s\u00f3n els textos centrals del debat Cook-Lono. <em>Kingship and Sacrifice<\/em> de Valeri \u00e9s l&#8217;obra de refer\u00e8ncia sobre l&#8217;estructura del sistema religi\u00f3s hawai\u00e0.<\/p><p>Lono continua sent una refer\u00e8ncia central per entendre la religi\u00f3 hawaiana precolonial i la seva trobada amb Europa.<\/p><p>El di\u00e0leg entre les tradicions de coneixement internes de Polin\u00e8sia i la recerca acad\u00e8mica \u00e9s sostingut avui per un conjunt d&#8217;institucions: la Royal Society of New Zealand &#8211; Te Aparangi, el Maori Studies Department de la Auckland University, la University of Hawai&#8217;i at Manoa i la fundaci\u00f3 Te Punga Tipu.<\/p><p>Aquesta base institucional garanteix que la recerca polin\u00e8sia parteixi tamb\u00e9 de la mateixa Polin\u00e8sia, i vagi m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 d&#8217;un simple discurs sobre Polin\u00e8sia.<\/p><p>Fan de pont amb la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La ci\u00e8ncia que estudia les religions de manera comparativa i sense vincle de fe.\" tabindex=\"0\">ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3<\/span> global els estudis que utilitzen la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La disciplina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> polin\u00e8sia com a cas exemplar d&#8217;una religiositat no occidental. Per exigent que sigui metodol\u00f2gicament aquest treball comparatiu, obre noves perspectives per entendre la religi\u00f3 com a fenomen cultural.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2d3003bc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2d3003bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp29fa8a39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp29fa8a39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La controv\u00e8rsia Sahlins-Obeyesekere: Lono i els l\u00edmits de la interpretaci\u00f3 etnogr\u00e0fica<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2643cac5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2643cac5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp22515bb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp22515bb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Poques figures de la religi\u00f3 hawaiana estan tan estretament lligades a una controv\u00e8rsia cient\u00edfica com <em>Lono<\/em>. Al centre hi ha la pregunta de quin paper va tenir Lono en l&#8217;arribada del navegant brit\u00e0nic James Cook, que a comen\u00e7aments de 1779, durant el <em>Makahiki<\/em>, la gran pau de la collita, va desembarcar a Hawaii i hi va morir poques setmanes despr\u00e9s.<\/p><p>L&#8217;antrop\u00f2leg nord-americ\u00e0 Marshall Sahlins va defensar, en diversos treballs dels anys vuitanta, la tesi que els hawaians havien situat Cook dins l&#8217;esquema m\u00edtic de Lono.<\/p><p>La seva arribada durant la festa de Lono, la seva ruta i el seu comportament haurien coincidit amb expectatives culturalment predeterminades, de manera que els hawaians l&#8217;haurien interpretat com una manifestaci\u00f3 o el retorn de l&#8217;atua. Sahlins va utilitzar el cas per refor\u00e7ar el seu argument m\u00e9s ampli: que la hist\u00f2ria i l&#8217;estructura cultural s&#8217;entrellacen m\u00fatuament.<\/p><p>L&#8217;antrop\u00f2leg d&#8217;origen srilanqu\u00e8s Gananath Obeyesekere hi va contradir amb duresa el 1992. Va acusar la interpretaci\u00f3 de Sahlins de repetir un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un relat transm\u00e8s sobre d\u00e9us, or\u00edgens i l'ordre del m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">mite<\/span> colonial, concretament la idea europea afalagadora que el nouvingut blanc havia estat considerat un d\u00e9u.<\/p><p>Obeyesekere va argumentar que els hawaians havien tractat Cook com un cap poder\u00f3s i un estranger, no com una <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser venerat com a div\u00ed dins d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">divinitat<\/span>, i que la seva de\u00efficaci\u00f3 era una construcci\u00f3 europea posterior. Sahlins va respondre el 1995 amb una extensa r\u00e8plica en la qual va tornar a repassar les fonts hawaianes i les primeres fonts europees.<\/p><p>La controv\u00e8rsia encara no s&#8217;ha resolt definitivament avui, i precisament aix\u00f2 la fa instructiva per a la presentaci\u00f3 de Lono. Mostra, en primer lloc, com \u00e9s d&#8217;estreta i filtrada europeament la base documental.<\/p><p>Gaireb\u00e9 tots els primers relats provenen de les tripulacions dels vaixells; els testimonis escrits hawaians no comencen fins d\u00e8cades m\u00e9s tard i estan marcats ells mateixos per la missi\u00f3 i l&#8217;historiografia. Mostra, en segon lloc, que la pregunta sobre qu\u00e8 creien realment els actors hist\u00f2rics \u00e9s metodol\u00f2gicament molt m\u00e9s dif\u00edcil de respondre del que suggereixen les representacions populars.<\/p><p>Per a un tractament rigor\u00f3s de Lono, aix\u00f2 vol dir presentar l&#8217;episodi de Cook com un cas controvertit que mostra els l\u00edmits metodol\u00f2gics de l&#8217;etnografia, en lloc de presentar-lo com un fet hist\u00f2ric-religi\u00f3s establert. El nucli cient\u00edficament s\u00f2lid continua essent la vinculaci\u00f3 de Lono amb la pluja, la fertilitat i el calendari del Makahiki, independentment de la q\u00fcesti\u00f3 sobre Cook.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliografia (selecci\u00f3)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Martha Beckwith: <em>Hawaiian Mythology<\/em> (1940)<\/li><li>Valerio Valeri: <em>Kingship and Sacrifice<\/em> (1985)<\/li><li>Marshall Sahlins: <em>Islands of History<\/em> (1985)<\/li><li>Gananath Obeyesekere: <em>The Apotheosis of Captain Cook<\/em> (1992)<\/li><li>Lilikala Kame&#8217;eleihiwa: <em>Native Land and Foreign Desires<\/em> (1992)<\/li><li>David Malo: <em>Hawaiian Antiquities<\/em> (1898)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-lono e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-lono\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-lono-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-lono-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Com a <strong>d\u00e9u major<\/strong> de la pau, l&#8217;agricultura i el per\u00edode festiu anual del Makahiki, Lono ocupa una posici\u00f3 central en el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt dels d\u00e9us d'una religi\u00f3 o cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">pante\u00f3<\/span> hawai\u00e0 i constitueix el contrapunt del b\u00e8l\u00b7lic Ku.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Conceptes clau relacionats: Lono Hawaii Makahiki James Cook estendard de Lono parentiu amb Rongo d\u00e9u de la pau.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-lono\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard i tradicions de protecci\u00f3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard s&#8217;inspira en la tradici\u00f3 cultural i hist\u00f2rica dels objectes de protecci\u00f3 portables, en la l\u00ednia de la <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171663\">Polin\u00e8sia \/ maori<\/a> i de moltes altres cultures d&#8217;arreu del m\u00f3n. 41 capes, or aut\u00e8ntic, plat\u00ed, plata, fabricat a Alemanya. Dret de devoluci\u00f3 de 30 dies.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">M\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 sobre l'iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">M\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 sobre l'iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-lono-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-lono-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-lono-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-lono-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-lono-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Les experi\u00e8ncies personals poden variar. No \u00e9s un producte sanitari. No \u00e9s una promesa de curaci\u00f3.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-lono-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-lono-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard <strong>no \u00e9s un producte sanitari<\/strong> i no substitueix cap tractament m\u00e8dic o psicoterap\u00e8utic. Els continguts d'hist\u00f2ria de les religions s\u00f3n una classificaci\u00f3 culturohist\u00f2rica, no una recomanaci\u00f3 de pr\u00e0ctica espiritual.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2712,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Lono Hawaii Makahiki","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Lono - D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau, mite","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Lono \u00e9s el gran d\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i patr\u00f3 del festival Makahiki. An\u00e0lisi des de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3 amb fonts.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"2","wesen_kultur":"polynesisch-maori","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-171699","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lono - D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau, mite<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Lono \u00e9s el gran d\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i patr\u00f3 del festival Makahiki. An\u00e0lisi des de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3 amb fonts.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lono - D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i la fertilitat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lono \u00e9s el gran d\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i patr\u00f3 del festival Makahiki. An\u00e0lisi des de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3 amb fonts.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-05T16:04:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/\",\"name\":\"Lono - D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau, mite\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-05T15:41:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-05T16:04:45+00:00\",\"description\":\"Lono \u00e9s el gran d\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i patr\u00f3 del festival Makahiki. An\u00e0lisi des de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3 amb fonts.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"D\u00e9us de la tradici\u00f3 polin\u00e8sia maori.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/?page_id=171333\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Lono &#8211; D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i la fertilitat\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Lono &#8211; D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i la fertilitat\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-05T15:41:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-05T16:04:45+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"description\":\"Lono \u00e9s el gran d\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i patr\u00f3 del festival Makahiki. An\u00e0lisi des de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3 amb fonts.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Lono - D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau, mite","description":"Lono \u00e9s el gran d\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i patr\u00f3 del festival Makahiki. An\u00e0lisi des de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3 amb fonts.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/","og_locale":"ca_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Lono - D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i la fertilitat","og_description":"Lono \u00e9s el gran d\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i patr\u00f3 del festival Makahiki. An\u00e0lisi des de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3 amb fonts.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-05T16:04:45+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Lono &#8211; D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i la fertilitat","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:41:35+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T16:04:45+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp","inLanguage":"ca","description":"Lono \u00e9s el gran d\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i patr\u00f3 del festival Makahiki. An\u00e0lisi des de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3 amb fonts."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/","name":"Lono - D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau, mite","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:41:35+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T16:04:45+00:00","description":"Lono \u00e9s el gran d\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i patr\u00f3 del festival Makahiki. An\u00e0lisi des de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3 amb fonts.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ca","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"D\u00e9us de la tradici\u00f3 polin\u00e8sia maori."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171333"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Lono &#8211; D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i la fertilitat"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ca"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Lono &#8211; D\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i la fertilitat","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:41:35+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T16:04:45+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/lono-deu-hawaia-pau-fertilitat\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_polynesisch-maori_lono.webp","inLanguage":"ca","description":"Lono \u00e9s el gran d\u00e9u hawai\u00e0 de la pau i patr\u00f3 del festival Makahiki. An\u00e0lisi des de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3 amb fonts."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171699","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=171699"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171699\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2712"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=171699"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=171699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}