{"id":171678,"date":"2026-09-05T15:41:23","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T15:41:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=171678"},"modified":"2026-09-05T16:04:10","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T16:04:10","slug":"supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/","title":{"rendered":"Supay \u2013 Esperits mal\u00e9fics i senyor de l&#8217;infram\u00f3n dels Andes"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"171678\" class=\"elementor elementor-171678 elementor-2580 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Supay, esperits mal\u00e9fics, senyor de l'infram\u00f3n i dimoni de les mines de l'altipl\u00e0 and\u00ed<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Supay (qu\u00edtxua <em>supay<\/em>, aimara <em>supaya<\/em>) designa en la tradici\u00f3 andina tant una classe d&#8217;esperits nocius com una figura espec\u00edfica de l&#8217;infram\u00f3n. A la regi\u00f3 minera de Bol\u00edvia es va transformar en el <em>Tio<\/em>, el dimoni de les galeries de les mines de plata de Potos\u00ed i Oruro.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Esperit mal\u00e9fic de la tradici\u00f3 Andes \/ Inca.\">Esperit mal\u00e9fic<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171661\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mitologia de la tradici\u00f3 Andes \/ Inca.\">Andes \/ Inca<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Dimoni de l'infram\u00f3n.\">Dimoni de l'infram\u00f3n<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No s&#039;ha trobat cap encap\\u00e7alament en aquesta p\\u00e0gina.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u00cdndex\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-supay-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-supay-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-supay-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2675\" alt=\"Supay \u2013 Esperits mal\u00e9fics i senyor de l\u2019infram\u00f3n dels Andes\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ubicaci\u00f3 en el pante\u00f3 and\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Supay \u00e9s una figura de dif\u00edcil categoritzaci\u00f3 dins la religi\u00f3 andina. A difer\u00e8ncia de les grans divinitats estatals-imperials <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171671\">Inti<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171673\">Viracocha<\/a> i <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171674\">Mama Killa<\/a>, Supay no \u00e9s ni un creador personificat ni un d\u00e9u individual clarament definit. En les fonts qu\u00edtxues m\u00e9s antigues designa una classe d&#8217;\u00e9ssers nocius i incorporis, esperits dels morts, dimonis de la malaltia, pertorbadors nocturns, i alhora una figura sobirana personificada del m\u00f3n subterrani.<\/p><p>Els missioners espanyols van fer servir el terme <em>supay<\/em> des del segle XVI com a equivalent qu\u00edtxua del diable cristi\u00e0 (<em>diablo<\/em>).<\/p><p>Aquesta identificaci\u00f3 ha distorsionat considerablement el sentit originari: mentre el diable cristi\u00e0 es concep com una pot\u00e8ncia purament maligna, en la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> andina prehisp\u00e0nica supay era una figura moralment ambivalent, perillosa, per\u00f2 en determinades circumst\u00e0ncies tamb\u00e9 \u00fatil, i en cap cas maldat pura.<\/p><p>L&#8217;antrop\u00f2leg peru\u00e0 Manuel Marzal va descriure sistem\u00e0ticament aquesta distorsi\u00f3 supay\/diablo a <em>El mundo religioso de Urcos<\/em> (1971).<\/p><p>Dins la classificaci\u00f3 de la ci\u00e8ncia de la religi\u00f3, Supay pertany a l&#8217;ampli grup de les <em>numinositats ct\u00f2niques<\/em>, \u00e9ssers de les profunditats, de l&#8217;interior de la terra, de les coves i dels pous.<\/p><p>Estructuralment comparables hi ha l&#8217;Hades grec, l&#8217;Hel germ\u00e0nica, el Mictlantecuhtli mesoameric\u00e0 i, en certa manera, tamb\u00e9 el Baron Samedi vod\u00fa. En tots els casos es tracta d&#8217;\u00e9ssers vinculats al m\u00f3n dels morts i al regne subterrani.<\/p><p>\u00c9s remarcable l&#8217;observaci\u00f3 espanyola primerenca que els inques de parla qu\u00edtxua no coneixien un concepte unitari d&#8217;un Mal absolut. Polo de Ondegardo va anotar el 1559 que els inques coneixien molts \u00e9ssers nocius, per\u00f2 cap figura unit\u00e0ria del Mal com el Satan\u00e0s cristi\u00e0.<\/p><p>Aquesta observaci\u00f3 va ser interpretada inicialment pels missioners com un d\u00e8ficit <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teol\u00f2gic<\/span> i esmenada mitjan\u00e7ant la identificaci\u00f3 supay\/diablo, un proc\u00e9s que ocupa la recerca en hist\u00f2ria de les religions fins avui.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nom i etimologia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El terme qu\u00edtxua <em>supay<\/em> est\u00e0 documentat des dels primers diccionaris colonials. Diego Gonzalez Holguin en dona el significat el 1608 com a <em>demonio o sombra<\/em>, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9sser espiritual al qual s'atribueix un efecte nociu o ambivalent.\" tabindex=\"0\">dimoni<\/span> o ombra. Aquest doble significat \u00e9s revelador: <em>sombra<\/em> no designa nom\u00e9s l&#8217;ombra \u00f2ptica, sin\u00f3 una mena d&#8217;\u00e9sser immaterial que pot aferrar-se als vius. El plural <em>supaykuna<\/em> designa la pluralitat d&#8217;aquests \u00e9ssers ombr\u00edvols.<\/p><p>A l&#8217;\u00e0rea ling\u00fc\u00edstica aimara l&#8217;equivalent \u00e9s <em>supaya<\/em> o <em>saxra<\/em>. Aquest darrer \u00e9s avui el terme m\u00e9s habitual als pobles aimares bolivians i designa esperits nocius que habiten en determinats fen\u00f2mens naturals (remolins, esquerdes rocoses, coves).<\/p><p>Als pobles qu\u00edtxues actuals, <em>supay<\/em> ha viscut una hist\u00f2ria sem\u00e0ntica diferenciada.<\/p><p>Catherine Allen distingeix a <em>The Hold Life Has<\/em> (2002) tres camps sem\u00e0ntics: primer, <em>supay<\/em> com a denominaci\u00f3 pejorativa dels dimonis cristians (en el sentit de la identificaci\u00f3 missionera); segon, <em>supay<\/em> com a denominaci\u00f3 gen\u00e8rica d&#8217;un esperit ombr\u00edvol nociu; tercer, <em>supay<\/em> com a ep\u00edtet reverencial de certs senyors de la muntanya (Apu) o m\u00f2mies avantpassades (mallqui), que inciten a una prud\u00e8ncia respectuosa.<\/p><p>La proximitat etimol\u00f2gica de <em>supay<\/em> amb el verb qu\u00edtxua <em>supay-<\/em> (ser endut pel vent, ser arrossegat) ha portat alguns ling\u00fcistes a suposar que el significat originari f\u00f3ra un <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix efecte en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> emportat pel vent<\/em>, un \u00e9sser que despr\u00e9s de la mort \u00e9s retornat pel vent al m\u00f3n dels vius.<\/p><p>Aquesta hip\u00f2tesi ling\u00fcisticohist\u00f2rica no est\u00e0 definitivament confirmada, per\u00f2 encaixa b\u00e9 amb la concepci\u00f3 etnogr\u00e0ficament observada del supay com a <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix efecte en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> del vent<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Descripci\u00f3 i iconografia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En les cr\u00f2niques primerenques, Supay es descriu com un \u00e9sser sense forma, invisible i fuga\u00e7, que assetja els vius durant el son, la malaltia o la nit. Aquest buit iconogr\u00e0fic \u00e9s caracter\u00edstic de l&#8217;antiga concepci\u00f3 andina dels esperits malignes: no es representaven en forma fixa, sin\u00f3 que se&#8217;ls temia com una pres\u00e8ncia invisible.<\/p><p>Amb la missi\u00f3 espanyola i la identificaci\u00f3 amb el diable cristi\u00e0, la iconografia va canviar radicalment. En la pintura colonial de les escoles de Cusco i Potos\u00ed, Supay apareix cada cop m\u00e9s amb forma diab\u00f2lica europea: amb banyes, cua llarga, potes de cabra i de vegades envoltat de vapor de sofre.<\/p><p>El fam\u00f3s quadre <em>Triomf de Sant Miquel<\/em> (escola cusquenya, segle XVII) mostra diversos d&#8217;aquests Supays sota els peus de l&#8217;arc\u00e0ngel.<\/p><p>A la regi\u00f3 minera boliviana s&#8217;ha desenvolupat des del segle XVII una iconografia pr\u00f2pia del T\u00edo: figures masculines modelades en fang, amb ulls daurats, cap amb banyes, un cigarret de tabac a la boca i un fal\u00b7lus eregit prominent, expressi\u00f3 de la fertilitat de la terra que engendra la plata.<\/p><p>Aquestes figures del T\u00edo encara es troben avui en gaireb\u00e9 cada galeria minera de la regi\u00f3 de Potos\u00ed-Oruro. June Nash les va documentar detalladament a <em>We Eat the Mines and the Mines Eat Us<\/em> (1979).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Relats mitol\u00f2gics<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La transmissi\u00f3 de coneixements i relats al llarg de generacions.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici\u00f3<\/span> mitol\u00f2gica al voltant de Supay \u00e9s fragment\u00e0ria. Al manuscrit de Huarochir\u00ed (ca. 1608) apareixen diversos \u00e9ssers supay com a antagonistes de figures heroiques; solen ser ven\u00e7uts per enginy o rebutjats mitjan\u00e7ant mesures ritual\u00edstiques.<\/p><p>Crist\u00f3bal de Albornoz descriu, en la seva <em>Instrucci\u00f3n para descubrir todas las guacas<\/em> (ca. 1581), diverses classes de supay, entre les quals els <em>aya supay<\/em> (esperits dels morts), els <em>chuqui supay<\/em> (esperits de la llan\u00e7a, \u00e9s a dir, dimonis guerrers) i els <em>llocsi supay<\/em> (els que emergeixen, \u00e9s a dir, esperits errants).<\/p><p>Un topos habitual en els relats dels pobles de parla qu\u00edtxua \u00e9s el del <em>condenado<\/em> (condemnat): una \u00e0nima morta que, per incest, assassinat o altres crims greus, no troba entrada al m\u00f3n de l&#8217;ultratomba i vaga com un Supay errant.<\/p><p>Aquests condenados vaguen sobretot de nit per l&#8217;altipl\u00e0, apareixen als viatgers com a companys tristos per\u00f2 inquietants i intenten arrossegar els vius cap a la mort. Catherine Allen va recollir diversos d&#8217;aquests relats de condenados al poble de Sonqo.<\/p><p>En la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de relats sobre d\u00e9us transmesos per una cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span> minera dels Andes bolivians, Supay\/T\u00edo apareix com a senyor dels dip\u00f2sits de plata. Un relat central descriu com el primer miner es va trobar amb una est\u00e0tua del T\u00edo i li va preguntar: el T\u00edo va prometre plata abundant, per\u00f2 va exigir a canvi coca, aiguardent i, de vegades, tamb\u00e9 una vida humana.<\/p><p>Aquesta hist\u00f2ria \u00e9s llegend\u00e0ria, per\u00f2 reflecteix amb precisi\u00f3 el risc d&#8217;accident realment m\u00e9s elevat observat a les galeries, que es processa ritualment a trav\u00e9s del <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de pr\u00e0ctiques rituals de veneraci\u00f3 a una divinitat o figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culte<\/span> al T\u00edo.<\/p><p>Una altra classe important de relats concerneix els \u00e9ssers <em>pishtaco<\/em>, una forma espec\u00edfica emparentada amb Supay que ha rebut especial atenci\u00f3 als pobles andins m\u00e9s recents. Els pishtacos s\u00f3n \u00e9ssers de pell blanca que xuclen el greix i que suposadament utilitzen el greix de les seves <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ofrena a una divinitat per expressar gratitud, s\u00faplica o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">v\u00edctimes<\/span> per a maquin\u00e0ria industrial.<\/p><p>Aquest relat est\u00e0 documentat des de finals del segle XVI i es reactiva en cada fase de trastorn econ\u00f2mic. Mary Weismantel, a <em>Cholas and Pishtacos<\/em> (2001), va mostrar com aquest relat elabora religiosament les tensions estructurals entre la poblaci\u00f3 ind\u00edgena i els poders no ind\u00edgenes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Culte i ritual miner<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de pr\u00e0ctiques rituals de veneraci\u00f3 a una divinitat o figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culte<\/span> a Supay en \u00e8poca inca existia nom\u00e9s en forma negativa: els Supays no eren divinitats receptores de culte, sin\u00f3 esperits el mal dels quals calia rebutjar mitjan\u00e7ant mesures ritual\u00edstiques.<\/p><p>L&#8217;exemple m\u00e9s important \u00e9s la festa anual de purificaci\u00f3 <em>Citu\u00e1<\/em> a Cusco (setembre), en la qual els guerrers recorrien la ciutat amb torxes, expulsant totes les malalties, tots els \u00e9ssers supay coneguts i totes les pertorbacions de la ciutat, i les feien simb\u00f2licament rentades cap als quatre punts cardinals.<\/p><p>Des del segle XVII, a les regions mineres bolivianes s&#8217;ha desenvolupat un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de pr\u00e0ctiques rituals de veneraci\u00f3 a una divinitat o figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culte<\/span> propi al T\u00edo, que va molt m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de la simple defensa i passa a un manteniment actiu de la relaci\u00f3 amb el dimoni de la galeria.<\/p><p>Els miners fan ofrenes cada dimarts i divendres al T\u00edo, col\u00b7locant fulles de coca a la seva falda, vessant aiguardent a la seva boca, posant-li cigarrets encesos a la boca i pregant-li que alliberi la plata i mantingui segures les galeries.<\/p><p>El punt culminant \u00e9s el <em>Carnaval Minero<\/em> (Carnaval dels miners) anual a Oruro, declarat Patrimoni de la Humanitat per la UNESCO des de 2001.<\/p><p>El centre \u00e9s la dansa de la <em>Diablada<\/em>, que representa la derrota del T\u00edo davant l&#8217;arc\u00e0ngel Miquel, una fusi\u00f3 coreogr\u00e0fica de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'estudi cient\u00edfic de D\u00e9u i de les creences d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> prehisp\u00e0nica de Supay amb la doctrina cat\u00f2lica sobre els dimonis. Les famoses m\u00e0scares de plata del diable del carnaval d&#8217;Oruro s\u00f3n alhora un fenomen art\u00edstic i historicoreligi\u00f3s.<\/p><p>La regi\u00f3 minera de Potos\u00ed va ser, des del descobriment dels dip\u00f2sits de plata l&#8217;any 1545, el centre econ\u00f2mic de l&#8217;economia colonial espanyola. La ciutat de Potos\u00ed va esdevenir al segle XVII, amb m\u00e9s de 160.000 habitants, una de les ciutats m\u00e9s grans del m\u00f3n.<\/p><p>L&#8217;enorme nombre de morts entre els treballadors ind\u00edgenes de la mita, milers de miners morien cada any per intoxicaci\u00f3 de mercuri, accidents i esgotament, van marcar la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'estudi cient\u00edfic de D\u00e9u i de les creences d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> del T\u00edo i li van donar un rerefons sagnant que encara avui \u00e9s present en els relats del carnaval d&#8217;Oruro-Bol\u00edvia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pr\u00e0ctica de protecci\u00f3 i elements apotropaics<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La pr\u00e0ctica de protecci\u00f3 contra els supays constitueix un dels cap\u00edtols m\u00e9s rics de la religiositat popular andina. Catherine Allen, Joseph Bastien i Olivia Harris han descrit sistem\u00e0ticament aquesta pr\u00e0ctica als pobles en les seves obres etnogr\u00e0fiques.<\/p><p>Els mitjans de protecci\u00f3 centrals inclouen: portar un fil de llana vermell al canell (especialment en el cas dels infants petits), col\u00b7locar una petita combinaci\u00f3 de creus sobre la porta d&#8217;entrada de la casa, fumigar la casa amb fulles d&#8217;eucaliptus i mu\u00f1a (una menta silvestre de l&#8217;altipl\u00e0), i portar trossos d&#8217;all o de ruda al coll. Aquestes pr\u00e0ctiques han estat influ\u00efdes de manera sincr\u00e8tica, en els seus detalls, per tradicions de medicina popular europees.<\/p><p>Una pr\u00e0ctica de protecci\u00f3 espec\u00edfica concerneix les <em>almas en pena<\/em> (\u00e0nimes en turment) i els <em>condenados<\/em>: qui no prepara el menjar ritual per als morts el dia de Tots Sants (1\/2 de novembre) corre el risc que els avantpassats difunts tornin com a supays.<\/p><p>L&#8217;elaborada pr\u00e0ctica del menjar de <em>Todos Santos<\/em>, amb figuretes de pa cuites expressament (<em>t&#8217;antawawas<\/em>), choclo, dol\u00e7os de blat de moro i fulles de coca, \u00e9s alhora veneraci\u00f3 dels morts i pr\u00e0ctica de protecci\u00f3 davant la venjan\u00e7a dels esperits maltractats.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paral\u00b7lelismes en altres cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La constel\u00b7laci\u00f3 supay\/Tio ha rebut molta atenci\u00f3 en la literatura cient\u00edfica perqu\u00e8 constitueix un exemple paradigm\u00e0tic del fenomen de la <em>inversi\u00f3 religiosa<\/em>: una figura en principi terror\u00edfica esdev\u00e9, en la pr\u00e0ctica minera, una relaci\u00f3 activament cultivada, perqu\u00e8 la situaci\u00f3 de superviv\u00e8ncia econ\u00f2mica obliga a una aproximaci\u00f3 instrumental al mal.<\/p><p>Fen\u00f2mens estructuralment paral\u00b7lels es troben en la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i sobre la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> mesoamericana de Tlazolteotl i Mictlantecuhtli, en la tradici\u00f3 de Lilith de l&#8217;\u00c0sia occidental (que pot ser alhora esperit maligne i esperit protector) i en la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i sobre la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> africana d&#8217;Eshu. June Nash ha descrit el Tio bolivi\u00e0 a <em>We Eat the Mines<\/em> (1979) expl\u00edcitament com un exemple d&#8217;una <em>working-class theology<\/em>, que pot llegir-se alhora en clau marxista i etnoreligiosa.<\/p><p>Espec\u00edfic de l&#8217;\u00e0mbit and\u00ed \u00e9s l&#8217;entrella\u00e7ament del complex Supay\/Tio amb el complex de la <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171672\">Pachamama<\/a>. A les mines bolivianes, el Tio i la Pachamama es conceben com una parella complement\u00e0ria: el Tio a l&#8217;interior de la galeria, la Pachamama a l&#8217;exterior, a l&#8217;entrada de la galeria. Aquesta complementarietat correspon al principi and\u00ed general del <em>yanantin<\/em>, el de les parelles duals.<\/p><p>Un paral\u00b7lel important el constitueix la tradici\u00f3 jueva de <em>Lilith<\/em>, que representa igualment una figura de doble cara entre esperit maligne i, en certes circumst\u00e0ncies, mediadora accessible.<\/p><p>Tamb\u00e9 el concepte japon\u00e8s de l&#8217;<em>oni<\/em> hi \u00e9s emparentat, ja que els \u00e9ssers oni tampoc no es representen com a moralment inequ\u00edvocament dolents, sin\u00f3 ambivalents. Aquests paral\u00b7lelismes estructurals, per\u00f2, no haurien de portar a una equiparaci\u00f3 tipol\u00f2gica: l&#8217;especificitat hist\u00f2rica i cultural de cada tradici\u00f3 continua sent essencial.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recepci\u00f3 i investigaci\u00f3 actuals<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt d'accions rituals de veneraci\u00f3 cap a una divinitat o figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culte<\/span> al Tio de les mines bolivianes \u00e9s avui un dels complexos de pr\u00e0ctica religiosa m\u00e9s ben documentats del m\u00f3n. Els treballs de June Nash (1979), Tristan Platt (1983), Pascale Absi (2005) i l&#8217;etn\u00f2leg miner franc\u00e8s Tristan Platt han descrit detalladament les continu\u00eftats i transformacions del culte des de l&#8217;\u00e8poca colonial espanyola.<\/p><p>\u00c9s remarcable la hist\u00f2ria de la identificaci\u00f3 del Supay amb el diable cristi\u00e0: un complex d&#8217;esperits inicialment m\u00e9s aviat ombr\u00edvol i moralment ambivalent va ser transformat, per l&#8217;estrat\u00e8gia missionera espanyola, en un antid\u00e9u prominent, que ara, paradoxalment, en la pr\u00e0ctica minera, torna a esdevenir la figura receptora d&#8217;una relaci\u00f3 d&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ofrena a una divinitat per expressar agra\u00efment, s\u00faplica o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">ofrena<\/span> rec\u00edproca.<\/p><p>Aquest gir ir\u00f2nic \u00e9s un exemple cl\u00e0ssic de la <em>religious creativity<\/em> de les cultures ind\u00edgenes en condicions colonials.<\/p><p>Des del punt de vista cient\u00edfic, el Supay\/Tio continua sent un advertiment important contra la identificaci\u00f3 simple dels esperits malignes ind\u00edgenes amb el diable cristi\u00e0. La categoria de <em>diablo<\/em>, d&#8217;origen colonial, amaga l&#8217;ambival\u00e8ncia moral genu\u00efnament andina del complex supay i el fa inservible per a l&#8217;an\u00e0lisi cient\u00edfica. El context d&#8217;iWell Guard descriu aquesta constataci\u00f3 de manera hist\u00f2rica, sense promeses d&#8217;efecte.<\/p><p>Les recerques actuals tamb\u00e9 relacionen el complex Supay amb la q\u00fcesti\u00f3 de les concepcions ind\u00edgenes de just\u00edcia. On l&#8217;aparell judicial estatal tradicional fracassa, la idea de supay-condenado serveix, als pobles, com a mecanisme moral de compensaci\u00f3: qui ha com\u00e8s una culpa tornar\u00e0, despr\u00e9s de la mort, com a supay errant, i executar\u00e0 el seu propi c\u00e0stig.<\/p><p>Aquesta dimensi\u00f3 \u00e8tica de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i sobre la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> del Supay ha estat descrita per Allen, Bastien i Salomon en les seves obres com la <em>moral ecology<\/em> de la religiositat qu\u00edtxua-aimara.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliografia i fonts<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La selecci\u00f3 seg\u00fcent recull obres centrals sobre la tradici\u00f3 supay\/Tio dels Andes centrals, en particular sobre l&#8217;etnografia minera boliviana.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp290cce30 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp290cce30\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp268756bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp268756bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Supay entre la concepci\u00f3 precolonial i la reinterpretaci\u00f3 cristiana<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2e5496e8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2e5496e8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2761718f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2761718f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El terme <em>supay<\/em> pertany a les paraules el significat de les quals es va despla\u00e7ar radicalment amb la colonitzaci\u00f3 espanyola.<\/p><p>En els primers diccionaris de qu\u00edtxua, com el <em>Lexicon<\/em> de Domingo de Santo Tom\u00e1s (1560) i el vocabulari de Diego Gonz\u00e1lez Holgu\u00edn (1608), <em>supay<\/em> apareix com a designaci\u00f3 d&#8217;un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix efecte en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> o una figura ombr\u00edvola relacionada amb el reialme dels morts i el subm\u00f3n.<\/p><p>No es pot reconstruir amb seguretat una valoraci\u00f3 moral clarament negativa per a l&#8217;\u00e8poca precolonial.<\/p><p>Els missioners cristians, per\u00f2, van traduir <em>supay<\/em> de manera sistem\u00e0tica com a diable o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9sser espiritual al qual s'atribueix un efecte nociu o ambivalent.\" tabindex=\"0\">dimoni<\/span>. D&#8217;aquesta manera, un \u00e9sser ambigu del m\u00f3n and\u00ed es va convertir en una figura del mal cristi\u00e0. Aquesta equiparaci\u00f3 ja apareix en els catecismes que el Tercer Concili de Lima va publicar en qu\u00edtxua i aimara a partir de 1583.<\/p><p>La recerca, entre altres els treballs de Sabine MacCormack i Gerald Taylor, ha posat de manifest que els textos colonials van crear aix\u00ed una categoria que abans no existia com a tal.<\/p><p>La imatge es complica pel fet que la poblaci\u00f3 andina va acceptar aquesta reinterpretaci\u00f3 en part i en part la va eludir. El reialme subterrani va continuar associat en l&#8217;imaginari a la riquesa i a les mines, de manera que <em>supay<\/em> va ser alhora senyor de les mines.<\/p><p>La figura del <em>t\u00edo<\/em>, el senyor del subsol, al qual els miners de Potos\u00ed i altres centres miners encara avui ofereixen dons, s&#8217;inscriu en aquesta l\u00ednia.<\/p><p>No \u00e9s un simple diable cristi\u00e0, sin\u00f3 un \u00e9sser al qual cal fer front perqu\u00e8 disposa dels tresors de la muntanya. Una ambival\u00e8ncia semblant es manifesta en el tracte amb <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171672\">Pachamama<\/a>, a qui tamb\u00e9 corresponen ofrenes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2745eaad e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2745eaad\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2c1826c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2c1826c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La Diablada i la dansa dels diables<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2d0b1363 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2d0b1363\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2f6bbec7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2f6bbec7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Un context encara viu on la idea de Supay es fa visible \u00e9s la <em>Diablada<\/em>, la dansa dels diables, associada sobretot al Carnaval d&#8217;Oruro, a Bol\u00edvia.<\/p><p>En aquesta festa, documentada en la seva forma actual des del segle XVIII, grups de ballarins recorren la ciutat amb elaborades m\u00e0scares de diable. Els portadors de m\u00e0scares representen un ex\u00e8rcit de figures <em>supay<\/em>, finalment ven\u00e7ut de manera simb\u00f2lica per la figura de l&#8217;arc\u00e0ngel Miquel.<\/p><p>La interpretaci\u00f3 cient\u00edfica veu en la <em>Diablada<\/em> la uni\u00f3 de dues capes. La forma externa segueix l&#8217;esquema cristi\u00e0 de la vict\u00f2ria del b\u00e9 sobre el mal, tal com el transmetien les representacions missioneres espanyoles.<\/p><p>Alhora, es mant\u00e9 el vincle subterrani: Oruro va ser una ciutat minera, i el santuari central de peregrinaci\u00f3, el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un petit lloc sagrat de cust\u00f2dia o de devoci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">santuari<\/span> de la Virgen del Socav\u00f3n, \u00e9s a dir, la Verge de la galeria, es troba a l&#8217;entrada d&#8217;una galeria minera. La dansa s&#8217;ofereix a la Verge, per\u00f2 es fa en un lloc que pertany al senyor de les mines.<\/p><p>Investigadors com Thomas Abercrombie han assenyalat que els mateixos participants interpreten aquesta doble significaci\u00f3 de maneres diferents. Per a alguns, la dansa \u00e9s una penit\u00e8ncia; per a altres, una obligaci\u00f3 envers la muntanya. La UNESCO va incloure el Carnaval de Oruro l&#8217;any 2001 a la llista del patrimoni cultural immaterial, fet que va comportar una major uniformitzaci\u00f3 i comercialitzaci\u00f3.<\/p><p>La recerca constata que la revaloritzaci\u00f3 tur\u00edstica sobreposa en part el significat ritual, sense arribar a despla\u00e7ar-lo del tot. La <em>Diablada<\/em> \u00e9s aix\u00ed un exemple ben documentat de com una figura reinterpretada colonialment sobreviu en una festa p\u00fablica i, en fer-ho, adquireix nous significats.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp24212341 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp24212341\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2406cb69 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2406cb69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Debat de recerca sobre la dualitat entre el m\u00f3n superior i el subm\u00f3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp20d2c88b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp20d2c88b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp20a30241 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp20a30241\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 controvertida de la recerca andina fa refer\u00e8ncia a la relaci\u00f3 entre <em>supay<\/em> i un suposat model precolonial del m\u00f3n.<\/p><p>Algunes interpretacions ordenen la cosmologia andina en tres \u00e0mbits: un m\u00f3n superior, el m\u00f3n mitj\u00e0 dels vius i un m\u00f3n inferior, vinculat a l&#8217;interior de la terra i als morts. En aquesta visi\u00f3, <em>supay<\/em> \u00e9s ent\u00e8s com a habitant o senyor del m\u00f3n inferior.<\/p><p>La recerca no es posa d&#8217;acord sobre com d&#8217;antic i com d&#8217;est\u00e8s era realment aquest model de tres capes. Cr\u00edtics com Bruce Mannheim han assenyalat que les fonts a partir de les quals es reconstrueix s\u00f3n gaireb\u00e9 totes d&#8217;origen colonial i podrien contenir ja idees cristianes de cel, terra i infern.<\/p><p>Hi ha el risc de projectar retrospectivament un esquema cristi\u00e0 a l&#8217;\u00e8poca precolonial i, despr\u00e9s, presentar-lo com a patrimoni ind\u00edgena propi.<\/p><p>Altres investigadors, per exemple en l&#8217;\u00e0mbit dels treballs sobre els manuscrits de Huarochir\u00ed, un recull de tradicions locals registrat en qu\u00edtxua cap al 1600, hi veuen indicis d&#8217;un significat precolonial del reialme subterrani, sense que aquest correspongu\u00e9s al concepte cristi\u00e0 d&#8217;infern. Segons aquesta lectura, <em>supay<\/em> hauria estat origin\u00e0riament un \u00e9sser neutre o ambigu del regne dels morts.<\/p><p>El debat no est\u00e0 tancat, perqu\u00e8 dep\u00e8n de la dificultat fonamental de reconstruir la religi\u00f3 andina precolonial a partir de textos majorit\u00e0riament colonials. Per a una presentaci\u00f3 rigorosa, aix\u00f2 implica prud\u00e8ncia: all\u00f2 que es pot considerar establert \u00e9s el despla\u00e7ament de significat durant l&#8217;\u00e8poca colonial, no el fet precolonial exacte.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliografia (selecci\u00f3)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>June Nash: <em>We Eat the Mines and the Mines Eat Us<\/em> (1979)<\/li><li>Tristan Platt: <em>Estado boliviano y ayllu andino<\/em> (1982)<\/li><li>Pascale Absi: <em>Les ministres du diable<\/em> (2005)<\/li><li>Catherine Allen: <em>The Hold Life Has<\/em> (2002)<\/li><li>Manuel Marzal: <em>El mundo religioso de Urcos<\/em> (1971)<\/li><li>Cristobal de Albornoz: <em>Instruccion para descubrir todas las guacas<\/em> (ca. 1581)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-supay e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-supay\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-supay-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-supay-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Supay \u00e9s considerat en la hist\u00f2ria religiosa <em>andina<\/em> com a <em>senyor del subm\u00f3n<\/em> i alhora com a <em>dimoni de les mines<\/em>, al qual els miners de les mines de plata colonials de Potos\u00ed oferien <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ofrena a una divinitat per expressar gratitud, s\u00faplica o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">ofrenes<\/span> per evitar esfondraments de galeries i malalties.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Termes clau relacionats: Supay Saxra Tio Condenado Citua Diablada Oruro Potosi Aya Supay Tantawawa.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-supay\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard i tradicions de protecci\u00f3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard s&#8217;inscriu en la tradici\u00f3 cultural i hist\u00f2rica dels objectes protectors portables, en la tradici\u00f3 dels <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171661\">Andes \/ Inques<\/a> i de moltes altres cultures d&#8217;arreu del m\u00f3n. 41 capes, or aut\u00e8ntic, plat\u00ed, plata, fabricat a Alemanya. Dret de devoluci\u00f3 de 30 dies.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">M\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 sobre l'iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">M\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 sobre l'iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-supay-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-supay-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-supay-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-supay-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-supay-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Les experi\u00e8ncies personals poden variar. No \u00e9s un producte sanitari. No \u00e9s una promesa de curaci\u00f3.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-supay-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-supay-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard <strong>no \u00e9s un producte sanitari<\/strong> i no substitueix cap tractament m\u00e8dic o psicoterap\u00e8utic. Els continguts d'hist\u00f2ria de les religions s\u00f3n una classificaci\u00f3 culturohist\u00f2rica, no una recomanaci\u00f3 de pr\u00e0ctica espiritual.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2675,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Supay esperit mal\u00e9fic Andes","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Supay \u2013 Senyor and\u00ed de l'infram\u00f3n i esperit mal\u00e9fic","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Supay designa en la tradici\u00f3 andina esperits mal\u00e9fics i un senyor de l'infram\u00f3n. A la regi\u00f3 minera es va transformar en el Tio de Potos\u00ed.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"4","wesen_kultur":"anden-inka","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-171678","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Supay \u2013 Senyor and\u00ed de l&#039;infram\u00f3n i esperit mal\u00e9fic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Supay designa en la tradici\u00f3 andina esperits mal\u00e9fics i un senyor de l&#039;infram\u00f3n. A la regi\u00f3 minera es va transformar en el Tio de Potos\u00ed.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Supay \u2013 Esperits mal\u00e9fics i senyor de l&#039;infram\u00f3n dels Andes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Supay designa en la tradici\u00f3 andina esperits mal\u00e9fics i un senyor de l&#039;infram\u00f3n. A la regi\u00f3 minera es va transformar en el Tio de Potos\u00ed.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-05T16:04:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/\",\"name\":\"Supay \u2013 Senyor and\u00ed de l'infram\u00f3n i esperit mal\u00e9fic\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-05T15:41:23+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-05T16:04:10+00:00\",\"description\":\"Supay designa en la tradici\u00f3 andina esperits mal\u00e9fics i un senyor de l'infram\u00f3n. A la regi\u00f3 minera es va transformar en el Tio de Potos\u00ed.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Esperits de la tradici\u00f3 andina inca.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/?page_id=171333\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Supay \u2013 Esperits mal\u00e9fics i senyor de l&#8217;infram\u00f3n dels Andes\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Supay \u2013 Esperits mal\u00e9fics i senyor de l&#8217;infram\u00f3n dels Andes\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-05T15:41:23+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-05T16:04:10+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"description\":\"Supay designa en la tradici\u00f3 andina esperits mal\u00e9fics i un senyor de l'infram\u00f3n. A la regi\u00f3 minera es va transformar en el Tio de Potos\u00ed.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Supay \u2013 Senyor and\u00ed de l'infram\u00f3n i esperit mal\u00e9fic","description":"Supay designa en la tradici\u00f3 andina esperits mal\u00e9fics i un senyor de l'infram\u00f3n. A la regi\u00f3 minera es va transformar en el Tio de Potos\u00ed.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/","og_locale":"ca_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Supay \u2013 Esperits mal\u00e9fics i senyor de l'infram\u00f3n dels Andes","og_description":"Supay designa en la tradici\u00f3 andina esperits mal\u00e9fics i un senyor de l'infram\u00f3n. A la regi\u00f3 minera es va transformar en el Tio de Potos\u00ed.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-05T16:04:10+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Supay \u2013 Esperits mal\u00e9fics i senyor de l&#8217;infram\u00f3n dels Andes","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:41:23+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T16:04:10+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp","inLanguage":"ca","description":"Supay designa en la tradici\u00f3 andina esperits mal\u00e9fics i un senyor de l'infram\u00f3n. A la regi\u00f3 minera es va transformar en el Tio de Potos\u00ed."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/","name":"Supay \u2013 Senyor and\u00ed de l'infram\u00f3n i esperit mal\u00e9fic","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:41:23+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T16:04:10+00:00","description":"Supay designa en la tradici\u00f3 andina esperits mal\u00e9fics i un senyor de l'infram\u00f3n. A la regi\u00f3 minera es va transformar en el Tio de Potos\u00ed.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ca","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Esperits de la tradici\u00f3 andina inca."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171333"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Supay \u2013 Esperits mal\u00e9fics i senyor de l&#8217;infram\u00f3n dels Andes"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ca"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Supay \u2013 Esperits mal\u00e9fics i senyor de l&#8217;infram\u00f3n dels Andes","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:41:23+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T16:04:10+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/supay-esperits-malefics-inframon-andes\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_anden-inka_supay.webp","inLanguage":"ca","description":"Supay designa en la tradici\u00f3 andina esperits mal\u00e9fics i un senyor de l'infram\u00f3n. A la regi\u00f3 minera es va transformar en el Tio de Potos\u00ed."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171678","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=171678"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171678\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2675"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=171678"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=171678"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}