{"id":171621,"date":"2026-09-05T15:40:55","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T15:40:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=171621"},"modified":"2026-09-05T16:02:44","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T16:02:44","slug":"incub","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/incub\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cdncub"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"171621\" class=\"elementor elementor-171621 elementor-2211 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-am-inkubus-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"am-inkubus-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-am-inkubus-herohl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"am-inkubus-herohl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-am-inkubus-h1lead e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"am-inkubus-h1lead\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-am-inkubus-h1w elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"am-inkubus-h1w\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00cdncub, dimoni nocturn mascul\u00ed<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-am-inkubus-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"am-inkubus-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L&#8217;\u00edncub \u00e9s una classe de wesers profundament arrelada en la hist\u00f2ria de les religions, amb capes mesopot\u00e0miques, judeo-ap\u00f2crifes, gregues antigues i cristianes medievals. Aquest article presenta les fonts, la doctrina escol\u00e0stica, la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> dels processos de bruixeria i la investigaci\u00f3 fenomenol\u00f2gica moderna.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-am-inkubus-klsbdg e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"am-inkubus-klsbdg\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-am-inkubus-klshtm elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"am-inkubus-klshtm\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Una classe d'aparicions nocturnes femenines documentada en moltes cultures amb una estructura funcional semblant. Documentada de manera cont\u00ednua en l'estudi de les religions des de la tradici\u00f3 ac\u00e0dia de Lilitu (2n mil\u00b7lenni a.C.).\">Classe d'\u00e9sser<\/span><span class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Fenomen transcultural, documentat amb estructures relacionades en la tradici\u00f3 mesopot\u00e0mica, jueva, grega, romana, cristiana i de l'\u00c0sia oriental.\">Transversal<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-am-inkubus-tocbox e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"am-inkubus-tocbox\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-am-inkubus-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"am-inkubus-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No s&#039;ha trobat cap encap\\u00e7alament en aquesta p\\u00e0gina.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u00cdndex\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__am-inkubus-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__am-inkubus-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__am-inkubus-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-am-inkubus-herorg e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"am-inkubus-herorg\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-am-inkubus-heroim iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"am-inkubus-heroim\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_christentum_inkubus-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20446\" alt=\"\u00cdncub\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_christentum_inkubus-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_christentum_inkubus-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_christentum_inkubus-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_christentum_inkubus.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x404-s0 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x404-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x404-h0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x404-h0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00cdncub<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x404-s0-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x404-s0-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x404-t0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x404-t0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dimoni nocturn femen\u00ed que jeu amb homes adormits. Contrapart de l&#8217;\u00edncub en la demonologia cristiana medieval. Es vincula amb tradicions m\u00e9s antigues de dimonis seductors femenins (Lilith, Empusa, Lamia).<\/p><p>L&#8217;\u00edncub apareix com a dimoni nocturn mascul\u00ed en diverses demonologies medievals.<\/p><div><p>L&#8217;\u00edncub \u00e9s una de les classes de wesers m\u00e9s ben documentades de la demonologia comparada. El terme deriva del llat\u00ed <em>succuba<\/em> (de <em>succubare<\/em>, jeure a sota) i designa una aparici\u00f3 nocturna femenina que actua sobre homes adormits.<\/p><p>El concepte no va sorgir en el cristianisme medieval, sin\u00f3 que t\u00e9 una prehist\u00f2ria clarament demostrable en la tradici\u00f3 mesopot\u00e0mica de la <em>Lilitu<\/em> i en la doctrina jueva de Lilith, que des de finals de l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c8poca de la cultura grega i romana, aproximadament del 800 a.C. al 600 d.C.\" tabindex=\"0\">Antiguitat<\/span> presenta trets propis de l&#8217;\u00edncub.<\/p><p>A iWell Guard tractem l&#8217;\u00edncub com una figura desenvolupada al llarg de la hist\u00f2ria de les religions amb capes clarament diferenciades: mesopot\u00e0mic-acc\u00e0dia en els testimonis m\u00e9s antics, judeo-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Que est\u00e0 fora del c\u00e0non reconegut.\" tabindex=\"0\">ap\u00f2crifa<\/span> en l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c8poca de transici\u00f3 entre l'Antiguitat i l'edat mitjana, aproximadament del segle III al VII.\" tabindex=\"0\">Antiguitat tardana<\/span>, cristiano-teol\u00f2gica en l&#8217;escol\u00e0stica de l&#8217;alta edat mitjana, i jur\u00eddico-moderna en els processos de bruixeria dels segles XV-XVII. Aquesta darrera capa es basa directament en la doctrina anterior; l&#8217;\u00edncub \u00e9s analitzat com a categoria teol\u00f2gica ja per <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Agust\u00ed d'Hipona (354\u2013430); pare de l'Esgl\u00e9sia cristiana, obres principals Confessiones i De civitate Dei.\">Agust\u00ed<\/span> a <em>De civitate Dei<\/em> (XV,23) i sistematitzat per <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Te\u00f2leg itali\u00e0 (1225\u20131274); obra principal Summa Theologiae; s\u00edntesi aristot\u00e8lica de la filosofia cristiana.\">Tom\u00e0s d&#8217;Aquino<\/span> a la <em>Summa Theologiae<\/em> (I, q. 51, a. 3).<\/p><p>Tots dos discuteixen la q\u00fcesti\u00f3 ontol\u00f2gica de com un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix efecte en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> sense cos tangible pot exercir efecte sexual; Tom\u00e0s segueix la soluci\u00f3 doble segons la qual el mateix <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9sser espiritual al qual s'atribueix un efecte perjudicial o ambivalent.\" tabindex=\"0\">dimoni<\/span> primer recull el semen com a s\u00e0cub i despr\u00e9s el transmet com a \u00edncub. Aquesta construcci\u00f3 es mant\u00e9 fins al <em>Malleus Maleficarum<\/em> (Sprenger i Institoris, 1487) com el model est\u00e0ndard de la demonologia cat\u00f2lica.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-s0 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-h0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-h0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Classificaci\u00f3 mitol\u00f2gica<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-s0-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-s0-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-t0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-t0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p>L&#8217;Incubus apareix en la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La transmissi\u00f3 de coneixements i relats al llarg de generacions.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici\u00f3<\/span> historicoreligiosa en diverses l\u00ednies paral\u00b7leles, que nom\u00e9s es fonen en una figura unit\u00e0ria durant la s\u00edntesi de l&#8217;edat moderna primerenca.<\/p><h3>L\u00ednia mesopot\u00e0mica-jueva<\/h3><p>Ja la tradici\u00f3 acc\u00e0dia coneix amb el Lilu una aparici\u00f3 nocturna masculina, els trets de la qual s&#8217;incorporen a posteriors concepcions de l&#8217;Incubus. En les taules de conjurs del segon mil\u00b7lenni abans de Crist, aquest dimoni es considera un esperit inquiet que assetja les persones mentre dormen i que s&#8217;associa amb l&#8217;esfera de l&#8217;opressi\u00f3 nocturna.<\/p><p>Al costat de la Lilitu femenina hi ha aix\u00ed, ja des de temps antics, una figura contraposada de car\u00e0cter mascul\u00ed, que pot llegir-se com una forma primerenca del dimoni nocturn assetjador.<\/p><p>Aquesta esdev\u00e9, en la tradici\u00f3 jueva de l&#8217;antiguitat tardana, Lilith i desenvolupa en l&#8217;<em>Alfabet de Ben Sira<\/em> (segles VIII-X) una biografia pr\u00f2pia com a primera dona d&#8217;Adam, que abandona l&#8217;Ed\u00e8n per una disputa sobre la posici\u00f3 sexual i que des d&#8217;aleshores retorna com a Incubus.<\/p><p>Aquesta capa de creences es continua desenvolupant en la c\u00e0bala medieval, per exemple en el Zohar del segle XIII, on els dimonis masculins apareixen com a generadors de la seva pr\u00f2pia prog\u00e8nie i es fonen amb els motius mesopot\u00e0mics m\u00e9s antics.<\/p><p>Les inscripcions en els bols m\u00e0gics judeobabil\u00f2nics, destinats a conjurar esperits nocius, testimonien que el dimoni nocturn assetjador es considerava un perill real en la pietat quotidiana i que s&#8217;espantava amb f\u00f3rmules de protecci\u00f3.<\/p><h3>L\u00ednia grecoromana<\/h3><p>En la tradici\u00f3 grecoromana, l&#8217;Incubus es pot relacionar amb el cercle de Pan, els fauns i els silens, \u00e9s a dir, \u00e9ssers h\u00edbrids masculins als quals s&#8217;atribu\u00efa un comportament sexual insistent. La denominaci\u00f3 llatina incubus, derivada del verb que significa jeure a sobre, condensa aquesta concepci\u00f3 d&#8217;un \u00e9sser que es jeu sobre la dona que dorm. Es tracta, doncs, d&#8217;una l\u00ednia de tradici\u00f3 pr\u00f2pia de figures nocturnes masculines.<\/p><p>Empusa est\u00e0 documentada en Arist\u00f2fanes (<em>Les granotes<\/em>) i en la Vida d&#8217;Apol\u00b7loni de Tiana de Fil\u00f2strat; L\u00e0mia apareix en Pseudo-Apol\u00b7lodor i en els <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Escriptures religioses fora del c\u00e0non b\u00edblic, situades en la tradici\u00f3 jueva i cristiana entre el can\u00f2nic i el no can\u00f2nic (p. ex., Tobies, els llibres d'Enoc).\">ap\u00f2crifs<\/span> cristians com a personatge esgarrif\u00f3s per als infants. Aquesta tradici\u00f3 s&#8217;incorpora a la doctrina medieval de l&#8217;Incubus mitjan\u00e7ant l&#8217;adaptaci\u00f3 patr\u00edstica de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt dels relats transmesos sobre d\u00e9us d'una cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span> antiga.<\/p><h3>S\u00edntesi de l&#8217;edat moderna primerenca<\/h3><p>Amb el <em>Malleus Maleficarum<\/em> (1487), el <em>De praestigiis daemonum<\/em> (1563) de Johann Weyer, la <em>Daemonolatria<\/em> (1595) de Nicolas R\u00e9my i el <em>Discours des sorciers<\/em> (1602) d&#8217;Henri Boguet, la doctrina de l&#8217;Incubus esdev\u00e9 part integrant de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> dels processos de bruixeria. La conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia metodol\u00f2gica \u00e9s greu: l&#8217;acusaci\u00f3 d&#8217;Incubus es troba entre els c\u00e0rrecs m\u00e9s freq\u00fcents de la persecuci\u00f3 de bruixeria de l&#8217;edat moderna primerenca.<\/p><p>La recerca hist\u00f2rica (Brian Levack, Wolfgang Behringer, Wolfgang Schild) ha analitzat detalladament en les darreres d\u00e8cades la relaci\u00f3 entre la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> de l&#8217;Incubus i la din\u00e0mica de persecuci\u00f3.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-s1 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fonts<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-s1-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-s1-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-t1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-t1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><p>Cient\u00edficament, l&#8217;Incubus \u00e9s una classe d&#8217;\u00e9ssers amb diversos nivells jer\u00e0rquics i especialitzacions funcionals, no una figura individual. Les classificacions elaborades es troben sobretot en la demonologia de l&#8217;edat moderna primerenca i en el corpus del <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Manuscrit compilatori de m\u00e0gia ritual de l'edat moderna primerenca, cinc llibres (Goetia, Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, Ars Notoria); segle XVII.\">Lemegeton<\/span>.<\/p><h3>Jerarquia i especialitzaci\u00f3<\/h3><p>El <em>Malleus Maleficarum<\/em> distingeix entre aparicions d&#8217;Incubus sense vincle durador (assetjament nocturn \u00fanic) i relacions vinculades amb l&#8217;Incubus (construcci\u00f3 de pacte de bruixa). Aquesta distinci\u00f3 l&#8217;assumeix en gran part el corpus dels processos de bruixeria.<\/p><p>En la literatura ritualm\u00e0gica m\u00e9s recent, especialment en els escrits d&#8217;Stephen Skinner i Israel Regardie, els \u00e9ssers Incubus se subdivideixen segons l&#8217;\u00e0mbit d&#8217;acci\u00f3 (Incubus amor\u00f3s, Incubus devorador d&#8217;energia, Incubus controlador), segons la proced\u00e8ncia (jueva, cristiana-occidental, asi\u00e0tica com la japonesa Yuki-Onna o la xinesa Hu-Li-Jing) i segons la forma de vinculaci\u00f3.<\/p><h3>Recerca fenomenol\u00f2gica<\/h3><p>L&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Historiador brit\u00e0nic (n. 1969); obres principals Grimoires (2009) i Paranormal (2009).\">Owen Davies<\/span>, <em>Paranormal<\/em>, 2009; David Hufford, <em>The Terror that Comes in the Night<\/em>, 1982) explica una part dels relats sobre l&#8217;Incubus a partir de l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"L'estat natural d'inhibici\u00f3 muscular del son REM; en la par\u00e0lisi del son persisteix breument despr\u00e9s de despertar-se.\">atonia REM<\/span> i les al\u00b7lucinacions hipnop\u00f2mpiques.<\/p><p>Aquesta explicaci\u00f3 capta el nivell fenomenol\u00f2gic, \u00e9s a dir, la pressi\u00f3 sobre el pit, la incapacitat de moure&#8217;s i la percepci\u00f3 d&#8217;una pres\u00e8ncia estranya, sovint sentida com a masculina, per\u00f2 deixa oberta la dimensi\u00f3 historicocultural. La posici\u00f3 cient\u00edfica actual \u00e9s, en gran mesura, que la interpretaci\u00f3 m\u00e8dica i la interpretaci\u00f3 basada en la tradici\u00f3 afecten dues capes d&#8217;un mateix complex i que, per tant, no s&#8217;exclouen m\u00fatuament.<\/p><h3>\u00das lit\u00fargic i ritualm\u00e0gic<\/h3><p>La tradici\u00f3 cat\u00f2lica coneix des del segle XVI un aparell elaborat d&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Expulsi\u00f3 ritual d'un esperit o dimoni considerat nociu.\" tabindex=\"0\">exorcisme<\/span> contra les aparicions de l&#8217;Incubus, codificat en el <em>Rituale Romanum<\/em> (1614). La tradici\u00f3 ritualm\u00e0gica (des de la salom\u00f2nica de l&#8217;edat moderna primerenca fins a la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Corrent brit\u00e0nic de finals de la d\u00e8cada de 1970, fundat per Peter Carroll i Ray Sherwin; metodicament radical, sense pante\u00f3 fix.\">m\u00e0gia del caos<\/span> moderna) desenvolupa sigils protectors, f\u00f3rmules d&#8217;invocaci\u00f3 per a la vinculaci\u00f3 i rituals de deslligament.<\/p><p>La posici\u00f3 d&#8217;iWell Guard classifica l&#8217;Incubus dins la categoria dels devoradors nocturns d&#8217;energia i remet a la funci\u00f3 protectora del mantra (vegeu la <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171627\">visi\u00f3 general de funcions<\/a>) com a resposta metodol\u00f2gica.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-s2 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-h2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-h2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recepci\u00f3 actual<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-s2-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-s2-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-inkubus-t2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"add-inkubus-t2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-rem-wrapped\"><p>Avui aquestes experi\u00e8ncies s&#8217;expliquen mitjan\u00e7ant l&#8217;atonia REM, els estats hipnop\u00f2mpics intermedis i els patrons interpretatius preconfigurats culturalment que donen forma a la figura percebuda. La recepci\u00f3 popular, per exemple en jocs o formats narratius, sol representar l&#8217;\u00edncub com una figura seductora tenebrosa i deixa de banda en gran part el component amena\u00e7ador de la tradici\u00f3 antiga.<\/p><\/footer><h3>Relaci\u00f3 amb altres \u00e9ssers culturals<\/h3><p>L&#8217;\u00edncub \u00e9s nom\u00e9s la forma m\u00e9s destacada, dins la tradici\u00f3 occidental medieval, d&#8217;un esquema d&#8217;\u00e9sser present en moltes cultures.<\/p><p>\u00c9ssers nocturns masculins o de forma masculina amb una funci\u00f3 similar es troben en moltes cultures ben documentades, com el complex del Mahr de la tradici\u00f3 germ\u00e0nica en la seva vessant masculina, l&#8217;Alp de la creen\u00e7a popular de parla alemanya, que oprimeix els qui dormen, o les creences eslaves sobre un esperit nocturn que s&#8217;ajup sobre la persona.<\/p><p>En la tradici\u00f3 jueva, al costat de Lilith apareix Samael, una figura demon\u00edaca masculina que pertany a aquest mateix context.<\/p><p>Aquests paral\u00b7lelismes s\u00f3n hist\u00f2ricament reveladors, ja que mostren que la idea d&#8217;un \u00e9sser nocturn mascul\u00ed sexualment amena\u00e7ador no \u00e9s un producte exclusiu de la demonologia cristiana, sin\u00f3 que apareix \u00e0mpliament des del punt de vista de l&#8217;antropologia cultural. L&#8217;\u00edncub apareix aix\u00ed com una manifestaci\u00f3 local d&#8217;un patr\u00f3 interpretatiu molt est\u00e8s.<\/p><p>En canvi, la configuraci\u00f3 cristiana amb la polaritzaci\u00f3 entre l&#8217;\u00edncub i el s\u00facube i el vincle amb la creen\u00e7a en les bruixes \u00e9s hist\u00f2ricament espec\u00edfica i queda limitada a la baixa edat mitjana i a l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c8poca aproximadament del segle XV al XVIII.\" tabindex=\"0\">edat moderna primerenca<\/span>.<\/p><h3>Estructura teol\u00f2gica profunda<\/h3><p>En la teologia escol\u00e0stica, la q\u00fcesti\u00f3 de si un dimoni pot apar\u00e8ixer com a home i tenir relacions carnals amb una dona no \u00e9s, en absolut, una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 menor. Precisament l&#8217;\u00edncub obliga els erudits a fer una determinaci\u00f3 precisa, ja que aqu\u00ed es contempla la possibilitat d&#8217;una generaci\u00f3, cosa que exigeix m\u00e9s de la doctrina que la simple pressi\u00f3 seductora.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Te\u00f2leg itali\u00e0 (1225\u20131274); obra principal Summa Theologiae; s\u00edntesi aristot\u00e8lica de la filosofia cristiana.\">Tom\u00e0s d&#8217;Aquino<\/span> desenvolupa a la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Obra principal de Tom\u00e0s d'Aquino (1265\u20131274); compendi sistem\u00e0tic de la teologia escol\u00e0stica.\">Summa Theologiae<\/span> (I, q. 51) una resposta diferenciada: els dimonis poden formar-se cossos d&#8217;aire i mat\u00e8ria amb els quals, com a s\u00facube, recullen la llavor masculina i, com a \u00edncub, la introdueixen en un altre lloc.<\/p><p>Una soluci\u00f3 habitual de l&#8217;escol\u00e0stica suposa que el mateix dimoni primer obt\u00e9, com a s\u00facube, la llavor d&#8217;un home, i despr\u00e9s la introdueix, com a \u00edncub, a una dona.<\/p><p>Aix\u00ed, el dimoni nom\u00e9s actua com a transmissor i no genera per for\u00e7a pr\u00f2pia. El fill aix\u00ed concebut, anomenat en la tradici\u00f3 Cambion, es considera per tant un \u00e9sser hum\u00e0 concebut per via mediatitzada, no un \u00e9sser demon\u00edac.<\/p><p>Aquesta estructura teol\u00f2gica profunda explica per qu\u00e8, en la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i sobre la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> medieval, l&#8217;\u00edncub i el s\u00facube podien pensar-se com dos modes del mateix \u00e9sser, i no com dos \u00e9ssers separats.<\/p><h3>Bibliografia cient\u00edfica<\/h3><p>Qui vulgui aprofundir cient\u00edficament en el tema de l&#8217;\u00edncub trobar\u00e0 en la s\u00e8rie de Russell (\u00abLucifer\u00bb, \u00abMephistopheles\u00bb) una elaboraci\u00f3 completa de la tradici\u00f3 teol\u00f2gica.<\/p><p>Per a la l\u00ednia masculina d&#8217;aquesta figura, la investigaci\u00f3 remet a la tradici\u00f3 de Lilith i Samael, que Raphael Patai (\u00bbThe Hebrew Goddess\u00ab, 1990) ha elaborat de manera sistem\u00e0tica; la recerca sobre la <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171640\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Estat de vig\u00edlia amb atonia muscular REM; interpretat arreu del m\u00f3n com una experi\u00e8ncia espectral (Mahr, Old Hag, Kanashibari), per\u00f2 explicable neurol\u00f2gicament.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">par\u00e0lisi del son<\/a> complementa aquesta petjada hist\u00f2rico-cultural amb l&#8217;explicaci\u00f3 m\u00e8dica de la pressi\u00f3 nocturna sobre el pit.<\/p><h3>Nota per a m\u00e9s recerca<\/h3><p>Qui vulgui aprofundir en el tema trobar\u00e0, en manuals cient\u00edfics rellevants, reculls de fonts demonol\u00f2giques i bibliografies sobre la doctrina medieval de la bruixeria, m\u00e9s refer\u00e8ncies a la literatura especialitzada sobre l&#8217;\u00edncub i la q\u00fcesti\u00f3 del Cambion.<\/p><p>La investigaci\u00f3 sobre el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Obra principal de la m\u00edstica jueva medieval (Espanya, segle XIII); interpretaci\u00f3 cabal\u00edstica de la Tor\u00e0.\">Zohar<\/span>, segle XIII) refina la construcci\u00f3: Lilith es converteix en la reina de la Sitra Achra, l&#8217;altra banda. L&#8217;edat mitjana cristiana assumeix aquesta idea i identifica Lilith amb l&#8217;\u00edncub.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52a09c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"52a09c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recepci\u00f3 actual i sexualitat<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bw-c7d59f3-3092fdf e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bw-c7d59f3-3092fdf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7d59f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7d59f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatura\"><p>En la recepci\u00f3 moderna, l&#8217;\u00edncub ha experimentat diversos despla\u00e7aments de significat. En la cultura popular (anime, videojocs, novel\u00b7les) l&#8217;\u00edncub es representa sovint com una figura seductora per\u00f2 no necess\u00e0riament mal\u00e8vola. La lectura feminista interpreta la tradici\u00f3 de l&#8217;\u00edncub com una projecci\u00f3 de sentiments de culpa masculins sobre somnis sexuals.<\/p><p>La medicina del son veu en experi\u00e8ncies d&#8217;\u00edncub, com en el cas de l&#8217;\u00edncub, la <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171640\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Estat de vig\u00edlia amb atonia muscular pr\u00f2pia de la fase REM; interpretat arreu del m\u00f3n com una experi\u00e8ncia espectral (Mahr, Old Hag, Kanashibari), per\u00f2 explicable neurol\u00f2gicament.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">par\u00e0lisi del son<\/a> combinada amb una percepci\u00f3 culturalment predeterminada. A iWell Guard mantenim les tres lectures presentades amb transpar\u00e8ncia, una al costat de l&#8217;altra: la hist\u00f2rico-religiosa, la cr\u00edtico-cultural i la de la medicina del son. Una an\u00e0lisi diferenciada en lloc d&#8217;una explicaci\u00f3 unidimensional.<\/p><h3>Explicaci\u00f3 des de la medicina del son<\/h3><p>La medicina del son moderna explica les experi\u00e8ncies d&#8217;\u00edncub com un fenomen de <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171640\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Estat de percepci\u00f3 en qu\u00e8 la consci\u00e8ncia es desperta per\u00f2 el cos encara est\u00e0 paralitzat per l'atonia REM.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">par\u00e0lisi del son<\/a>, \u00e9s a dir, el despertar fisiol\u00f2gic de la fase REM mentre la par\u00e0lisi muscular encara persisteix, sovint acompanyat d&#8217;al\u00b7lucinacions visuals o auditives. La <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171640\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Estat de percepci\u00f3 en qu\u00e8 la consci\u00e8ncia es desperta per\u00f2 el cos encara est\u00e0 paralitzat per l'atonia REM.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">par\u00e0lisi del son<\/a> afecta aproximadament el 8 % de la poblaci\u00f3 general almenys una vegada a la vida, amb una freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia m\u00e9s alta en cas de trastorns del son, treball per torns, consum de drogues i c\u00e0rregues psicol\u00f2giques.<\/p><p>El contingut de les al\u00b7lucinacions, una figura que oprimeix el pit, l&#8217;assetjament sexual, la sensaci\u00f3 d&#8217;incapacitat de cridar, \u00e9s sorprenentment similar entre cultures, ja que el fenomen fisiol\u00f2gic genera els mateixos patrons de percepci\u00f3. La configuraci\u00f3 cultural, \u00edncub, \u00edncub, Mahr, Pesanta, Kanashibari, Old Hag, varia segons el context religi\u00f3s i de creences populars.<\/p><h3>Continu\u00eftat hist\u00f2rica<\/h3><p>Malgrat l&#8217;explicaci\u00f3 de la medicina del son, la profunditat hist\u00f2rico-religiosa del concepte de l&#8217;\u00edncub no queda resolta.<\/p><p>La idea d&#8217;un \u00e9sser mascul\u00ed maligne que s&#8217;apropa a dones adormides es pot seguir durant m\u00e9s de dos mil anys, des dels esperits mesopot\u00e0mics de les taules d&#8217;exorcisme, passant per la doctrina demonol\u00f2gica jueva i la teologia cristiana medieval, fins al folklore de l&#8217;edat moderna. En els processos de bruixeria de l&#8217;edat moderna, la suposada relaci\u00f3 amb un \u00edncub va esdevenir en algunes ocasions un motiu d&#8217;acusaci\u00f3.<\/p><p>Des del punt de vista cient\u00edfic, aquesta continu\u00eftat suggereix que la figura compleix funcions psicol\u00f2giques i socials profundes. En l&#8217;\u00edncub s&#8217;aglutinen pors davant la proximitat for\u00e7ada, q\u00fcestions sobre l&#8217;origen incert d&#8217;un fill, aix\u00ed com idees de puresa i ordre moral, tot all\u00f2 que es negociava en cada \u00e8poca.<\/p><h3>Recepci\u00f3 moderna en la cultura popular i la pr\u00e0ctica<\/h3><p>En la recepci\u00f3 moderna, el significat de l&#8217;\u00edncub ha canviat de manera notable. En la literatura fant\u00e0stica, en els videojocs i jocs de rol, en corrents ocultistes actuals, l&#8217;\u00edncub \u00e9s sovint una figura ambivalent, de vegades fins i tot positiva, una encarnaci\u00f3 del poder sexual femen\u00ed, del desig i de l&#8217;autodeterminaci\u00f3.<\/p><p>En lectures m\u00e9s recents, l&#8217;\u00edncub s&#8217;allibera del seu paper purament terror\u00edfic i s&#8217;interpreta com una figura de projecci\u00f3, en la qual es poden llegir imatges heretades de masculinitat, desig i atribuci\u00f3 de culpa. Aquesta perspectiva s&#8217;inscriu en el marc m\u00e9s ampli d&#8217;una reflexi\u00f3 cr\u00edtico-cultural sobre l&#8217;antiga demonologia. A iWell Guard situem aquestes interpretacions des d&#8217;un punt de vista cient\u00edfic, sense jutjar-les.<\/p><h3>Indicacions \u00e8tiques<\/h3><p>Qui vulgui incorporar seriosament una refer\u00e8ncia a l&#8217;\u00edncub en la seva pr\u00e0ctica espiritual hauria de ser conscient dels contextos hist\u00f2rics i de les dimensions psicol\u00f2giques implicades. L&#8217;\u00edncub, en la seva tradici\u00f3 original, \u00e9s una figura mal\u00e8vola; una apropiaci\u00f3 moderna com a companya positiva de pr\u00e0ctica canvia considerablement aquest significat.<\/p><p>No recomanem ni la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'acte de pregar o invocar una divinitat o un poder.\" tabindex=\"0\">invocaci\u00f3<\/span> d&#8217;\u00e9ssers \u00edncubs ni la pr\u00e0ctica de <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pr\u00e0ctiques que pretenen intervenir en el curs dels esdeveniments mitjan\u00e7ant accions o f\u00f3rmules especials.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00e0gia<\/span> sexual ritualitzada; totes dues coses corresponen a mans que coneguin b\u00e9 els propis condicionants psicol\u00f2gics, \u00e8tics i hist\u00f2rico-religiosos.<\/p><p>L&#8217;\u00edncub \u00e9s un dels \u00e9ssers documentats de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de narracions transmeses sobre d\u00e9us d'una cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span> occidental i de la demonologia.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-wv-inkubus-faq-150815 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"wv-inkubus-faq-150815\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-wv-inkubus-faq-col-5486fc\" data-id=\"wv-inkubus-faq-col-5486fc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wv-inkubus-h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"wv-inkubus-h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Preguntes freq\u00fcents sobre l'\u00edncub<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wv-inkubus-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"wv-inkubus-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<details class=\"iwg-faq-item\">\n  <summary><strong>Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s un \u00edncub?<\/strong><\/summary>\n  <p>Un \u00edncub \u00e9s un dimoni mascul\u00ed del son, propi de la tradici\u00f3 judeocristiana i medieval europea, que s&#8217;imposa sexualment a les dones que dormen. El nom prov\u00e9 del llat\u00ed incubus (el que s&#8217;ajeu al damunt). La idea est\u00e0 estretament relacionada amb el fenomen de la par\u00e0lisi del son i les sensacions nocturnes d&#8217;opressi\u00f3 al pit.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<details class=\"iwg-faq-item\">\n  <summary><strong>Com es protegien a l&#8217;edat mitjana contra l&#8217;\u00edncub i el s\u00facub?<\/strong><\/summary>\n  <p>En les creences populars medievals, es consideraven protecci\u00f3 les preg\u00e0ries pronunciades, l&#8217;aigua beneita, els crucifixos i les rel\u00edquies. La <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i sobre la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> escol\u00e0stica (Tom\u00e0s d&#8217;Aquino) va discutir el fenomen de manera controvertida. Eren habituals els objectes <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Que allunya la desgr\u00e0cia: relatiu a signes i objectes destinats a mantenir allunyades influ\u00e8ncies nocives.\" tabindex=\"0\">apotropaics<\/span> de ferro al llit, senyals de creu al llindar de la porta i la recitaci\u00f3 d&#8217;un parenostre abans de dormir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wv-inkubus-s elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"wv-inkubus-s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s un \u00edncub?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Un \u00edncub \u00e9s un dimoni mascul\u00ed del son, propi de la tradici\u00f3 judeocristiana i medieval europea, que s'imposa sexualment a les dones que dormen. El nom prov\u00e9 del llat\u00ed incubus (el que s'ajeu al damunt). La idea est\u00e0 estretament relacionada amb el fenomen de la par\u00e0lisi del son i les sensacions nocturnes d'opressi\u00f3 al pit.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Com es protegien a l'edat mitjana contra l'\u00edncub i el s\u00facub?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"En la creen\u00e7a popular medieval, les oracions dites en veu alta, l'aigua beneita, els crucifixos i les rel\u00edquies es consideraven proteccions. La teologia escol\u00e0stica (Tom\u00e0s d'Aquino) va discutir el fenomen de manera controvertida. Com a mesures apotropaiques eren habituals els objectes de ferro sota el llit, el senyal de la creu al llindar de la porta i la recitaci\u00f3 d'un parenostre abans de dormir.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":20446,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"incub","_yoast_wpseo_title":"\u00cdncub - dimoni nocturn mascul\u00ed","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Dimoni nocturn mascul\u00ed que jeu amb dones adormides. En la tradici\u00f3 cristiana medieval, el contrapunt del s\u00e0cubus femen\u00ed.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-171621","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00cdncub - dimoni nocturn mascul\u00ed<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dimoni nocturn mascul\u00ed que jeu amb dones adormides. 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