{"id":171614,"date":"2026-09-05T15:40:52","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T15:40:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=171614"},"modified":"2026-09-05T16:02:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T16:02:33","slug":"bannik","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/","title":{"rendered":"Bannik"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"171614\" class=\"elementor elementor-171614 elementor-2190 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bannik, esperit de la tradici\u00f3 eslava<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bannik (\u0431\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a) \u00e9s l&#8217;esperit dom\u00e8stic de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La transmissi\u00f3 de coneixements i narracions al llarg de generacions.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici\u00f3<\/span> eslava que governa el bany o la casa de bany. Se&#8217;l tem i se&#8217;l respecta com a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix efecte en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> ambivalent que aporta tant protecci\u00f3 com perill, i est\u00e0 estretament vinculat a l&#8217;aigua, la calor i la purificaci\u00f3.<\/p><p><h2 id=\"dif-bannik\">Bannik en el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> de la banja<\/h2>\n<p>El Bannik \u00e9s l&#8217;<strong>esperit dom\u00e8stic de la casa de bany eslava<\/strong> (rus <em>banja<\/em>, ucra\u00efn\u00e8s <em>laznja<\/em>, polon\u00e8s <em>\u0142a\u017ania<\/em>). Habita la quarta o tercera <strong>sessi\u00f3 de sauna<\/strong>, l&#8217;\u00faltima i perillosa ronda despr\u00e9s de la mitjanit.<\/p><p>Les primeres tres sessions s\u00f3n per als humans, la quarta pertany al Bannik. Qui entra a la casa de bany en aquest moment corre el risc de <strong>cremar-se, ofegar-se o morir per vapor calent<\/strong>. Pr\u00e0ctica de protecci\u00f3: deixar <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Donaci\u00f3 a una divinitat per expressar agra\u00efment, petici\u00f3 o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">ofrenes<\/span> d&#8217;aigua i menjar (pa, sal, mel) al banc, evitar el senyal de la creu (l&#8217;enutja), no parlar mai en veu alta.<\/p><p>La <strong>tradici\u00f3 del ritual de naixement a la banja<\/strong> (sobretot al nord de R\u00fassia i a la regi\u00f3 de Tver) encomanava els nadons al Bannik per al seu primer bany, com a reconeixement. Figures emparentades del m\u00f3n dels esperits dom\u00e8stics eslaus: <em>Domovoi<\/em> (esperit de la casa), <em>Ovinnik<\/em> (esperit del graner), <em>Dvorovoi<\/em> (esperit del pati), <em>Polevoi<\/em> (esperit del camp), <em>Leshy<\/em> (esperit del bosc).<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Esperit: \u00c9sser incorpori o semicorpori, difunts, \u00e9ssers de la natura, esperits dom\u00e8stics o guardians de llindars. Actua en la vida quotidiana, sovint lligat a llocs o fam\u00edlies.\">Esperit<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171369\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mitologia i religiositat popular eslaves, amb superposici\u00f3 cristiana a partir del segle X.\">Eslau<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No s&#039;ha trobat cap encap\\u00e7alament en aquesta p\\u00e0gina.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u00cdndex\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-173806\" alt=\"Bannik - Esperits de la tradici\u00f3 eslava, il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3 hist\u00f2rica\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bannik<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bannik es descriu com un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix efecte en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> pelut i de cabells grisos que viu en l&#8217;aigua calenta i el vapor del bany. Pot ajudar el banyista, advertir-lo o escorxar-lo i arrossegar-lo cap al vapor, segons com el tracti.<\/p><p>A difer\u00e8ncia dels dimonis malignes, el Bannik no \u00e9s un \u00e9sser nociu per se, sin\u00f3 un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix efecte en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> dom\u00e8stic amb regles clares: qui \u00e9s cort\u00e8s i respecta l&#8217;etiqueta rep favors; qui el menysprea o embruta l&#8217;espai \u00e9s castigat. La seva naturalesa \u00e9s neutra, les seves accions depenen del context.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fitxa breu: Bannik<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El Bannik est\u00e0 documentat en col\u00b7leccions etnogr\u00e0fiques de <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La cultura popular transmesa amb costums, narracions i can\u00e7ons.\" tabindex=\"0\">folklore<\/span> eslau (Afan\u00e0siev, Ribnikov, S\u00e9chan), per\u00f2 menys en fonts liter\u00e0ries prim\u00e0ries. Tot i aix\u00f2, viatgers i cr\u00f2niques russes l&#8217;esmenten amb escepticisme com a \u00absuperstici\u00f3 pagana\u00bb. La seva difusi\u00f3 \u00e9s panslava: R\u00fassia, Ucra\u00efna, Pol\u00f2nia, S\u00e8rbia.<\/p><p>Investigadors de <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ci\u00e8ncia que estudia la cultura quotidiana, els costums i les creences transmeses.\" tabindex=\"0\">folklor\u00edstica<\/span> com Nora Chadwick i Linda J. Ivanits documenten cultes al Bannik fins al segle XX. A difer\u00e8ncia dels sants cristians, el Bannik \u00e9s una entitat precristiana que ha perdurat en la pr\u00e0ctica popular.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klaerung1777529086 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klaerung1777529086\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klar1777529086 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"klar1777529086\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<p><em><strong>Difer\u00e8ncia amb el Draugr:<\/strong> A difer\u00e8ncia del <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171380\">Draugr<\/a> de la tradici\u00f3 germ\u00e0nica-n\u00f2rdica, que apareix com un mort revingut i corporal, el Bannik \u00e9s un <strong>esperit dom\u00e8stic<\/strong>, \u00e9sser protector de la banja eslava (sauna russa), que interactua amb el banyista seguint regles de comportament clares.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Introducci\u00f3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Per\u00edode dels textos<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El Bannik \u00e9s una figura de la tradici\u00f3 popular viva, menys documentada per escrit que d\u00e9us m\u00e9s grans, per\u00f2 igualment real en la pr\u00e0ctica viscuda. Els seus or\u00edgens es troben probablement en rituals xam\u00e0nics de bany de vapor, compartits pels eslaus amb altres pobles n\u00f2rdics i siberians.<\/p><p>La banja mateixa \u00e9s una instituci\u00f3 antiga, anterior al cristianisme, i amb ella va sobreviure el Bannik. Registres etnogr\u00e0fics dels segles XIX i XX documenten la creen\u00e7a en el Bannik en forma viva.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c0rea de difusi\u00f3<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El Bannik era present all\u00e0 on es constru\u00efen banjas, en tot el m\u00f3n eslau oriental, de nord a sud. La banja no \u00e9s nom\u00e9s un edifici, sin\u00f3 una instituci\u00f3 social i espiritual.<\/p><p>El Bannik n&#8217;era el seu operador i guardi\u00e0 invisible. A Finl\u00e0ndia i Escandin\u00e0via hi ha figures paral\u00b7leles com el Saunatonttu, el que suggereix un origen antic i transcultural.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Estat de les fonts<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les fonts escrites s\u00f3n escasses; les principals fonts s\u00f3n la tradici\u00f3 popular, les col\u00b7leccions etnogr\u00e0fiques i les transmissions orals. El clergat cristi\u00e0 esmenta el Bannik cr\u00edticament com a exemple de deliri pag\u00e0. La millor evid\u00e8ncia, per\u00f2, \u00e9s la pr\u00e0ctica continuada de la banja mateixa: un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix efecte en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> sense arrelament institucional no hauria sobreviscut.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Denominaci\u00f3 i grafies<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El Bannik es representa com un \u00e9sser fort i ample, amb la cara vermellosa o negra i coberta de suor. Sovint nu o cobert nom\u00e9s amb fulles d&#8217;arbre. Els seus ulls s\u00f3n intensos i de vegades salvatges, animals.<\/p><p>Pot apar\u00e8ixer com un home hum\u00e0, com un animal (gat, \u00f3s) o com pur vapor-boira. El <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un signe que representa una idea o significat.\" tabindex=\"0\">s\u00edmbol<\/span> sagrat \u00e9s l&#8217;escombra de branques de bedoll, amb la qual un es fueteja de manera ritual, un acte de respecte i d&#8217;assimilaci\u00f3 de la seva for\u00e7a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Caracter\u00edstiques<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El Bannik era molt m\u00e9s que un simple esperit dom\u00e8stic: es considerava un guaridor i purificador actiu. S&#8217;entrava a la banja amb precauci\u00f3 i amb paraules de respecte cap al Bannik. Un canvi massa r\u00e0pid de calor a fred podia ser mortal, i es deia que el Bannik havia castigat la persona.<\/p><p>Qui usava la calor amb saviesa i respecte podia curar-se d&#8217;una malaltia. Les dones invocaven el Bannik en parts dif\u00edcils. Fuetejar-se amb l&#8217;escombra de bedoll era un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span>, no un simple joc: una manera de parlar amb el Bannik i activar el seu poder curatiu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fitxa: Bannik<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La fitxa mostra Bannik des de sis perspectives: el seu origen cultural com a esperit dom\u00e8stic, els grups socials de la seva veneraci\u00f3 (usuaris del bany, fam\u00edlies), la seva forma f\u00edsica i atributs, les seves pr\u00e0ctiques ambivalents de protecci\u00f3 i malifetes, i finalment paral\u00b7lelismes en altres cultures. Aquestes dimensions revelen el seu paper com a guardi\u00e0 de llindars i entitat de purificaci\u00f3.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tradici\u00f3<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bannik es vincula geogr\u00e0ficament als banys de vapor eslaus (Banja), estesos per l&#8217;Europa de l&#8217;Est. El seu origen cultural \u00e9s protoeslau, probablement prehist\u00f2ric, ja que el bany de vapor tenia un paper higi\u00e8nic i ritual central en les cultures eslaves.<\/p><p>Els testimonis escrits s\u00f3n tardans i sovint despectius (cr\u00f2niques cristianes). Des del punt de vista de la hist\u00f2ria de les religions, Bannik s&#8217;ent\u00e9n com una especialitzaci\u00f3 d&#8217;un culte general als esperits dom\u00e8stics, diferenciat cap a la funci\u00f3 espec\u00edfica del bany com a espai <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"La fase llindar en la transici\u00f3 entre dos estats, com entre la vida i la mort, la vig\u00edlia i el somni.\">liminal<\/span>-m\u00e0gic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Destinataris<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bannik era venerat i alhora temut pels usuaris del bany, especialment dones i llevadores. La Banja era un lloc de part, curaci\u00f3 de malalties i purificaci\u00f3 ritual; Bannik era l&#8217;esperit protector d&#8217;aquestes funcions.<\/p><p>Els motius inclo\u00efen els primers banys dels nadons, banys curatius i purificacions abans d&#8217;esdeveniments importants (com el casament). La veneraci\u00f3 era pr\u00e0ctica: ofrenes abans de banyar-se, respecte cap a l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori a qui s'atribueix influ\u00e8ncia en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span>, i compliment de tab\u00fas (per exemple, no insultar-lo). Els mestres del bany i les llevadores tenien rituals especials amb Bannik.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Representaci\u00f3<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bannik es representa com un anci\u00e0 o una criatura pelosa amb cabells grisos, cos ennegrit (per la sutja) i aspecte salvatge. Els seus atributs s\u00f3n branques de bedoll (per fuetejar al bany), pedres calentes i aigua. De vegades apareix envoltat de foc o n\u00favols de vapor.<\/p><p>En poques representacions gr\u00e0fiques porta roba de lli aspra o va completament nu. La iconografia \u00e9s inquietant per\u00f2 no directament mal\u00e8fica, m\u00e9s aviat una salvatgeria r\u00fastega que maldat. Els colors dominants s\u00f3n el gris, el negre (sutja) i el vermell (calor).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c0mbit d'acci\u00f3<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u00c0mbit d&#8217;acci\u00f3:<\/strong> El <em>Bannik<\/em> (en rus \u0431\u0430\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0431\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a) \u00e9s, en la creen\u00e7a popular eslava oriental, l&#8217;esperit protector de la Banja, la sauna tradicional russa. Se&#8217;l considera ambivalent: ben\u00e8vol amb qui respecta la Banja i en segueix les regles, per\u00f2 perill\u00f3s i imprevisible amb els insolents.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Registres etnogr\u00e0fics del segle XIX (com el de Maksimov, <em>Ne\u010distaja, nevedomaja i krestnaja sila<\/em>, 1903) donen testimoni del seu paper central en els rituals curatius pagesos, en l&#8217;assist\u00e8ncia al part (les dones tradicionalment donaven a llum a la Banja, cosa que convertia Bannik en un silenci\u00f3s ajudant de part) i en pr\u00e0ctiques divinat\u00f2ries, especialment durant les nits sagrades entre Nadal i l&#8217;Epifania (<em>svjatki<\/em>).<\/span><\/p><p>La quarta onada de vapor (despr\u00e9s dels tres bafs \u00abregulars\u00bb de la Banja) es considerava la del mateix Bannik: qui hi entrava aleshores corria el risc d&#8217;aparicions espectrals.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Formes de defensa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bannik \u00e9s ambivalent: protecci\u00f3 a canvi de respecte, dany en cas de menyspreu. La veneraci\u00f3 es fa mitjan\u00e7ant ofrenes (pa, cervesa, oli) abans de banyar-se, amb un tracte cort\u00e8s i el compliment de certes regles (no renegar dins la Banja, no tancar la porta de cop).<\/p><p>Els rituals de protecci\u00f3 consistien en fumigacions i ofrenes rituals. Contra la ira de Bannik existien pr\u00e0ctiques apotropaiques com portar un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un objecte que es porta al cos amb la funci\u00f3 atribu\u00efda de protegir i allunyar el mal.\" tabindex=\"0\">amulet<\/span> o recitar oracions. Les llevadores mantenien negociacions rituals amb Bannik per garantir parts segurs. La veneraci\u00f3 era pragm\u00e0tica i transaccional: un tracte just a canvi de seguretat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Elements comparables<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Es poden comparar altres esperits dom\u00e8stics: el Domovoi eslau (esperit dom\u00e8stic general), el poltergeist germ\u00e0nic o els follets dom\u00e8stics (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori a qui s'atribueix influ\u00e8ncia en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperits<\/span> de la llar amb actes ambivalents), el Tengu japon\u00e8s (esperit del bosc, salvatge i ambivalent) i la Banshee celta (esperit anunciador). Tots comparteixen la vinculaci\u00f3 a un lloc concret, una naturalesa ambivalent i la necessitat de negociaci\u00f3 ritual.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bannik, paral\u00b7lelismes en altres cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bannik correspon al Saunatonttu fin\u00e8s (elf de la sauna), a l&#8217;esperit del bany escandinau i, m\u00e9s llunyanament, al <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"En el sintoisme japon\u00e8s, els esperits venerats i les forces divines.\" tabindex=\"0\">Kami<\/span> dels onsen japonesos (esperit de les fonts termals). La universalitat d&#8217;aquesta figura en cultures amb fortes tradicions de bany de vapor mostra un arrelament arquet\u00edpic en l&#8217;experi\u00e8ncia f\u00edsica immediata.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tradici\u00f3 jueva:<\/strong> En el judaisme no existeix un equivalent directe de Bannik. Tot i aix\u00f2, la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"M\u00edstica jueva amb obres principals com el Sefer Ietsir\u00e0, el Zohar i l'escola luri\u00e0nica.\">C\u00e0bala<\/span> coneix els Shedim (dimonis\/esperits) i els Maziqim (esperits danyins), lligats a llocs determinats. Tot i aix\u00f2, aquests s\u00f3n m\u00e9s b\u00e9 mal\u00e8fics que ambivalents i transaccionals com Bannik. No hi ha paral\u00b7lelisme cultural amb l&#8217;especialitzaci\u00f3 en la casa de bany.<\/p><p><strong>M\u00f3n grecorom\u00e0:<\/strong> Els esperits dom\u00e8stics de la religi\u00f3 romana (Lars, Penats) s&#8217;assemblen funcionalment a Bannik com a esperits protectors de llocs. Tot i aix\u00f2, els Lars s\u00f3n menys ambivalents i menys salvatges. El d\u00e9u fluvial rom\u00e0 (per exemple, les n\u00e0iades en els banys) podria ser un paral\u00b7lelisme lluny\u00e0, per\u00f2 no especialitzat en l&#8217;habitaci\u00f3 del bany com Bannik.<\/p><p><strong>Mesopot\u00e0mia:<\/strong> La <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La transmissi\u00f3 de coneixements i relats a trav\u00e9s de generacions.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici\u00f3<\/span> acc\u00e0dia i sum\u00e8ria t\u00e9 esperits dom\u00e8stics (udug), per\u00f2 menys especialitzats en els banys. Els banys mesopot\u00e0mics eren menys centrals <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pertanyent a una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia d'accions religioses establerta.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritualment<\/span> que els Banja eslaus. No hi ha paral\u00b7lelismes funcionals directes amb Bannik.<\/p><p><strong>\u00cdndia\/\u00c0sia:<\/strong> En l&#8217;hinduisme, els Preta i els Bhuta s\u00f3n esperits similars amb poders ambivalents, lligats a llocs espec\u00edfics. El Tengu japon\u00e8s tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s salvatge i ambivalent com Bannik. En el Feng Shui i en la creen\u00e7a xinesa en <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori a qui s'atribueix influ\u00e8ncia en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperits<\/span>, hi ha esperits dom\u00e8stics locals, per\u00f2 menys salvatges i r\u00fastics que Bannik.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp428f4b5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp428f4b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5f0cf96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp5f0cf96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bannik en la jerarquia dom\u00e8stica d'esperits dels eslaus orientals<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0ebd068 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp0ebd068\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp97c064d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp97c064d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El Bannik no \u00e9s un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix acci\u00f3 en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> a\u00efllat, sin\u00f3 part d&#8217;un sistema esglaonat d&#8217;esperits dom\u00e8stics que la religiositat popular eslava oriental projectava sobre la granja pagesa. Al capdamunt hi havia el <em>Domovoi<\/em>, l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix acci\u00f3 en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> de la casa i del grup familiar.<\/p><p>Per sota d&#8217;ell hi havia esperits d&#8217;edificis auxiliars concrets: l&#8217;<em>Ovinnik<\/em> de l&#8217;assecador de gra, el <em>Chlewnik<\/em> de l&#8217;estable, el <em>Gumennik<\/em> de l&#8217;era i, precisament, el Bannik del bany de vapor. Aquesta divisi\u00f3 reflecteix l&#8217;organitzaci\u00f3 espacial i funcional del mas, tal com la van documentar els etn\u00f2grafs del segle XIX.<\/p><p>Dins d&#8217;aquest ordre, el Bannik ocupava una posici\u00f3 especial perqu\u00e8 la <em>Banja<\/em> es considerava un lloc impur i perill\u00f3s. Sovint quedava apartada, a la vora de la propietat o de l&#8217;aigua, i s&#8217;associava al naixement, la malaltia, la mort i els ritus de pas.<\/p><p>L&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix acci\u00f3 en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> que hi habitava es considerava, per tant, m\u00e9s irritable i hostil que el relativament bondad\u00f3s Domovoi. Mentre que al Domovoi se li oferia pa i llet i se&#8217;l tractava gaireb\u00e9 com un membre invisible de la fam\u00edlia, al Bannik se l&#8217;abordava amb precauci\u00f3 i intents d&#8217;apaivagament.<\/p><p>La recerca, per exemple els treballs de Dmitrij Zelenin i, m\u00e9s tard, de Levk\u00edievskaia, ha assenyalat que el Bannik se situa estructuralment entre l&#8217;esperit dom\u00e8stic i l&#8217;esperit salvatge de la natura. Pertany a la granja, per\u00f2 no est\u00e0 del tot domesticat. Aquesta posici\u00f3 interm\u00e8dia explica per qu\u00e8 els relats el descriuen tant com a protector dels banyistes com a amena\u00e7a mortal.<\/p><p>En algunes regions se li atribu\u00efa una contrapartida femenina, la <em>Bannaia Babuixka<\/em> o <em>Obderikha<\/em>, el qual suggereix la idea d&#8217;una parella d&#8217;esperits al bany de vapor. El conjunt d&#8217;esperits dom\u00e8stics no era, doncs, un esquema fix, sin\u00f3 que variava considerablement segons la regi\u00f3. Trobareu concepcions afins en els altres <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171369\">esperits dom\u00e8stics eslaus<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf2e76eb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpf2e76eb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4199ddc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp4199ddc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La Banja com a espai ritual i el Bannik com el seu senyor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbc4d00a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpbc4d00a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02af8be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp02af8be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Per entendre la posici\u00f3 del Bannik cal con\u00e8ixer el significat del bany de vapor rus. La <em>Banja<\/em> era molt m\u00e9s que un lloc d&#8217;higiene corporal. Servia com a espai de part, ja que era calefactable, apartada i disposava d&#8217;aigua calenta en abund\u00e0ncia.<\/p><p>Aqu\u00ed les dones donaven a llum els seus fills, aqu\u00ed es tractaven els malalts, i aqu\u00ed tenien lloc parts dels ritus nupcials, com el bany ritual de la n\u00favia la vig\u00edlia del casament. Aquesta concentraci\u00f3 de situacions de transici\u00f3 convertia la Banja, dins la l\u00f2gica religiosa popular, en un espai llindar on la frontera amb l&#8217;Altre M\u00f3n era permeable.<\/p><p>El Bannik era el senyor d&#8217;aquest espai, i les regles per tractar-hi derivaven del seu paper d&#8217;amo de la casa. Mai s&#8217;hi banyava massa tard al vespre ni despr\u00e9s de mitjanit, perqu\u00e8 aleshores era el mateix Bannik qui es banyava, de vegades acompanyat d&#8217;altres esperits impurs.<\/p><p>La tercera o quarta tanda de vapor es considerava en molts llocs la seva; qui encara es trobava a la Banja en aquell moment corria el risc de ser ofegat pel vapor calent, ruixat amb aigua bullent o esgarrapat de pell. Aquests relats explicaven, en la vida quotidiana del poble, accidents reals per mon\u00f2xid de carboni, cop de calor i p\u00e8rdua de coneixement.<\/p><p>En sortir de la Banja, es donaven gr\u00e0cies al Bannik i se li deixava aigua, un tros de sab\u00f3 i una escombra de bedoll perqu\u00e8 pogu\u00e8s rentar-se ell mateix. En construir una nova Banja, s&#8217;oferia un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ofrena a una divinitat per expressar gratitud, s\u00faplica o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">sacrifici<\/span> sota el llindar o als fonaments, sovint una gallina negra que s&#8217;escanyava sense sal i s&#8217;enterrava.<\/p><p>D&#8217;aquesta manera es comprava la benevol\u00e8ncia de l&#8217;esperit que havia d&#8217;ocupar el nou espai. Aquestes ofrenes de fonamentaci\u00f3 estan documentades en diverses prov\u00edncies russes i mostren com de estretament es pensava lligat el Bannik a la construcci\u00f3 material de l&#8217;edifici.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd1ae0c6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpd1ae0c6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5cf6ff6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp5cf6ff6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L'endevinaci\u00f3 al bany de vapor: el Bannik com a esperit oracular<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4a9b052 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp4a9b052\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2491f65 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2491f65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Una capa narrativa i pr\u00e0ctica pr\u00f2pia vincula el Bannik amb l&#8217;endevinaci\u00f3 del futur, especialment en el marc dels ritus d&#8217;endevinaci\u00f3 nadalencs dels <em>Sviatki<\/em>, els dotze dies entre Nadal i l&#8217;Epifania.<\/p><p>Les noies casadores acudien en aquesta \u00e8poca al bany de vapor a les fosques per demanar al Bannik un senyal sobre el seu futur marit. La forma m\u00e9s coneguda consistia a allargar la m\u00e0 nua o l&#8217;esquena descoberta per la porta oberta o per la boca del forn dins la Banja.<\/p><p>La interpretaci\u00f3 seguia un esquema fix: si una m\u00e0 aspra, pelosa o freda tocava la que consultava, significava un home pobre o poc amable, o un matrimoni dif\u00edcil. Un contacte suau i c\u00e0lid presagiava prosperitat i un marit bondad\u00f3s.<\/p><p>Si el contacte no arribava a produir-se, aquell any no hi hauria casament per a la interessada. Aquesta pr\u00e0ctica queda recollida en nombroses col\u00b7leccions etnogr\u00e0fiques del segle XIX i principis del XX, i \u00e9s un dels ritus del Bannik m\u00e9s \u00e0mpliament documentats.<\/p><p>L&#8217;atractiu d&#8217;aquesta <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'acte d'interpretar senyals per con\u00e8ixer el que \u00e9s ocult o futur.\" tabindex=\"0\">endevinaci\u00f3<\/span> residia precisament en la seva perillositat. De nit, la Banja era el domini de l&#8217;esperit, i exposar-s&#8217;hi es considerava un acte valent i arriscat.<\/p><p>Alguns relats adverteixen que el Bannik podia retenir la m\u00e0 o estirar la persona cap a dins. S&#8217;hi associava aix\u00ed la idea que el coneixement aut\u00e8ntic sobre el futur nom\u00e9s es podia obtenir mitjan\u00e7ant un contacte directe i arriscat amb l&#8217;Altre M\u00f3n.<\/p><p>La recerca ha classificat aquests ritus com a part d&#8217;un complex m\u00e9s ampli, eslau oriental, d&#8217;endevinaci\u00f3 de llindar i de mirall, en el qual llocs impurs com el bany de vapor, el graner i el creuament de camins es consideraven zones de contacte privilegiades. Aqu\u00ed el Bannik apareix com un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix acci\u00f3 en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> savi, del qual es podia obtenir coneixement assumint un risc, i no pas com un simple esperit maligne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1605619 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp1605619\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp80c3dde elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp80c3dde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Estat de les fonts i tradici\u00f3 etnogr\u00e0fica<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp69aedaa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp69aedaa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp351f3e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp351f3e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El que sabem sobre el Bannik prov\u00e9 gaireb\u00e9 exclusivament de la recopilaci\u00f3 etnogr\u00e0fica del segle XIX i principis del XX, no de textos medievals. A difer\u00e8ncia de les divinitats gregues o eg\u00edpcies, el Bannik no ha deixat cap tradici\u00f3 escrita d&#8217;una alta cultura. \u00c9s una figura de la religiositat pagesa oral, i la seva imatge ha estat reconstru\u00efda a partir d&#8217;entrevistes, reculls de creences populars i registres de contes.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Els treballs de Dmitrij Konstant\u00ednovitx Zelenin s\u00f3n fonamentals; la seva <em>Ostslavische <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ci\u00e8ncia que estudia la cultura quotidiana, els costums i les creences transmeses.\" tabindex=\"0\">Volkskunde<\/span><\/em> (edici\u00f3 alemanya de 1927) tracta sistem\u00e0ticament el Bannik en el context dels esperits de la llar. Ja al segle XIX, recopiladors com Aleksandr Afan\u00e0ssiev, en els seus estudis sobre les concepcions naturals dels eslaus, i Serguei Maks\u00edmov, a <em>Netxistaia, nevedomaia i krestnaia sila<\/em>, havien reunit material.<\/span><\/p><p>Per a la recerca m\u00e9s recent, el l\u00e8xic <em>Slavjanskie drevnosti<\/em>, dirigit per Nikita Tolstoi, \u00e9s de refer\u00e8ncia, aix\u00ed com els estudis de Ielena Levk\u00edievskaia sobre la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de relats transmesos sobre els d\u00e9us d'una cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span> eslava dels esperits impurs.<\/p><p>Aquesta situaci\u00f3 de les fonts t\u00e9 conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies metodol\u00f2giques. Els testimonis provenen de regions diferents, sobretot del nord de R\u00fassia, de Bielor\u00fassia i d&#8217;Ucra\u00efna, i es contradiuen en detalls.<\/p><p>Unes vegades el Bannik \u00e9s un vellet petit, nu i de cabells llargs, altres vegades una figura negra i informe, i altres nom\u00e9s una pres\u00e8ncia perceptible. Alguns informants ni tan sols coneixien el nom i parlaven nom\u00e9s, de manera general, del \u00absenyor de la banya\u00bb.<\/p><p>Per aix\u00f2 la recerca considera que \u00abBannik\u00bb designa menys una figura individual ben definida que un rol funcional: l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix acci\u00f3 en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> associat a un espai dom\u00e8stic determinat i perill\u00f3s. Qui treballa amb la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La transmissi\u00f3 de coneixements i relats al llarg de generacions.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici\u00f3<\/span> hauria de prendre&#8217;s seriosament la dispersi\u00f3 dels testimonis com a tret propi de la tradici\u00f3 oral, en lloc de fondre la diversitat regional en una imatge global uniforme.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5a17298 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp5a17298\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9b1cb5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9b1cb5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La cristianitzaci\u00f3 i la perviv\u00e8ncia de la creen\u00e7a<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9b8bd94 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp9b8bd94\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp32847ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp32847ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La cristianitzaci\u00f3 dels eslaus orientals des del segle X va fer que la creen\u00e7a en esperits de la llar com el Bannik entr\u00e9s en una peculiar coexist\u00e8ncia amb el cristianisme ortodox, per\u00f2 no la va fer desapar\u00e8ixer. La banya va seguir sent un lloc especialment delicat, ja que la percepci\u00f3 eclesi\u00e0stica la considerava impura.<\/p><p>\u00c9s significatiu que es deixessin les icones i la creu pectoral abans d&#8217;entrar a la casa de bany. Aquell espai quedava excl\u00f2s de l&#8217;\u00e0mbit consagrat, i precisament per aix\u00f2 el Bannik hi podia i havia de regnar.<\/p><p>Aquesta divisi\u00f3 del m\u00f3n en un \u00e0mbit protegit per l&#8217;Esgl\u00e9sia i un altre excl\u00f2s d&#8217;ella no era una contradicci\u00f3 que pass\u00e9s inadvertida als creients, sin\u00f3 un ordre espacial conscient.<\/p><p>A la casa, les icones estaven a l'\u00bbangle bonic\u00bb; a la banya regien altres normes. Els textos eclesi\u00e0stics condemnaven aquestes creences populars, per\u00f2 la pr\u00e0ctica del poble mantenia els ritus d&#8217;apaivagament perqu\u00e8 corresponien a l&#8217;experi\u00e8ncia d&#8217;un lloc realment perill\u00f3s.<\/p><p>Al segle XX, la creen\u00e7a es va afeblir considerablement amb la desaparici\u00f3 del m\u00f3n pag\u00e8s tradicional, la col\u00b7lectivitzaci\u00f3 i la urbanitzaci\u00f3. All\u00e0 on la vella banya de fusta va ser substitu\u00efda per altres formes de bany, el Bannik va perdre el seu lloc.<\/p><p>Tot i aix\u00f2, dites, advertiments i alguns costums han sobreviscut fins avui, en part com a saber folkl\u00f2ric, en part com a precauci\u00f3 encara presa seriosament.<\/p><p>En la cultura popular russa contempor\u00e0nia, en la literatura fant\u00e0stica i en els videojocs, el Bannik torna a apar\u00e8ixer, per\u00f2 normalment com una figura pintoresca nom\u00e9s vagament vinculada als testimonis etnogr\u00e0fics. Per a l&#8217;estudi de les religions, continua sent un bon exemple de com una creen\u00e7a en esperits precristiana va ser despla\u00e7ada als marges de l&#8217;espai cristianitzat en lloc de desapar\u00e8ixer.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Enlla\u00e7os relacionats<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171612\">Domovoi, esperit eslau de la llar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171844\">Leixi, esperit del bosc<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171391\">Kikimora, esperit femen\u00ed de la llar<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171369\">Tradici\u00f3 eslava, context general<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bibliografia de recerca<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Iwanits, Linda J.: <em>Russian Folk Belief<\/em>. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk 1989.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Hubbs, Joanna: <em>Mother Russia: The Feminine Myth in Russian Culture<\/em>. Indiana UP, Bloomington 1988.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Maksimov, Sergej V.: <em>Ne\u010distaja, nevedomaja i krestnaja sila<\/em>. St. Petersburg 1903.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Tokarev, Sergej A.: <em>Religioznye verovanija vosto\u010dnoslavjanskich narodov XIX, na\u010dala XX v.<\/em>. Akademie der Wissenschaften UdSSR, Moskau 1957.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Warner, Elizabeth: <em>Russian Myths<\/em>. British Museum Press, London 2002.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1647,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Bannik, esperit eslau de la casa de bany","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Bannik \u2013 L'esperit del bany dels eslaus","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Bannik, esperit eslau del bany de la banja. Rituals al voltant de la casa de bany, normes de protecci\u00f3, hores fantasmals i el seu parentiu amb Domovoi i Ovinnik.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"slawisch","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-171614","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bannik \u2013 L&#039;esperit del bany dels eslaus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bannik, esperit eslau del bany de la banja. Rituals al voltant de la casa de bany, normes de protecci\u00f3, hores fantasmals i el seu parentiu amb Domovoi i Ovinnik.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bannik\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bannik, esperit eslau del bany de la banja. Rituals al voltant de la casa de bany, normes de protecci\u00f3, hores fantasmals i el seu parentiu amb Domovoi i Ovinnik.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-05T16:02:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/\",\"name\":\"Bannik \u2013 L'esperit del bany dels eslaus\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-05T15:40:52+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-05T16:02:33+00:00\",\"description\":\"Bannik, esperit eslau del bany de la banja. Rituals al voltant de la casa de bany, normes de protecci\u00f3, hores fantasmals i el seu parentiu amb Domovoi i Ovinnik.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Esperits de la tradici\u00f3 eslava.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/?page_id=171333\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Bannik\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Bannik\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-05T15:40:52+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-05T16:02:33+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/bannik\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"description\":\"Bannik, esperit eslau del bany de la banja. Rituals al voltant de la casa de bany, normes de protecci\u00f3, hores fantasmals i el seu parentiu amb Domovoi i Ovinnik.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Bannik \u2013 L'esperit del bany dels eslaus","description":"Bannik, esperit eslau del bany de la banja. Rituals al voltant de la casa de bany, normes de protecci\u00f3, hores fantasmals i el seu parentiu amb Domovoi i Ovinnik.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/","og_locale":"ca_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Bannik","og_description":"Bannik, esperit eslau del bany de la banja. Rituals al voltant de la casa de bany, normes de protecci\u00f3, hores fantasmals i el seu parentiu amb Domovoi i Ovinnik.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-05T16:02:33+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Bannik","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:40:52+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T16:02:33+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp","inLanguage":"ca","description":"Bannik, esperit eslau del bany de la banja. Rituals al voltant de la casa de bany, normes de protecci\u00f3, hores fantasmals i el seu parentiu amb Domovoi i Ovinnik."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/","name":"Bannik \u2013 L'esperit del bany dels eslaus","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:40:52+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T16:02:33+00:00","description":"Bannik, esperit eslau del bany de la banja. Rituals al voltant de la casa de bany, normes de protecci\u00f3, hores fantasmals i el seu parentiu amb Domovoi i Ovinnik.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ca","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Esperits de la tradici\u00f3 eslava."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171333"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Bannik"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ca"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Bannik","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:40:52+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T16:02:33+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/bannik\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_slawisch_bannik.webp","inLanguage":"ca","description":"Bannik, esperit eslau del bany de la banja. Rituals al voltant de la casa de bany, normes de protecci\u00f3, hores fantasmals i el seu parentiu amb Domovoi i Ovinnik."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171614","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=171614"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171614\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=171614"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=171614"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}